CN117782950B - Test system and method for corrosion of concrete well wall of wind well under dry and wet circulation condition - Google Patents
Test system and method for corrosion of concrete well wall of wind well under dry and wet circulation condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN117782950B CN117782950B CN202311748436.4A CN202311748436A CN117782950B CN 117782950 B CN117782950 B CN 117782950B CN 202311748436 A CN202311748436 A CN 202311748436A CN 117782950 B CN117782950 B CN 117782950B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A test system and a method for corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind well under a dry-wet circulation condition, the system comprises: the base is assembled at the lower end of the oiling barrel, the piston is slidably assembled in the upper space of the oiling barrel, the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are respectively connected to the piston and the base, the composite circulating pipe and the sample are respectively assembled between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head, and the heat shrinkage pipe is sleeved outside the sample; the hydraulic oil source supplies oil to the confining pressure loading cavity through the oil passage in the base through the three-way valve II; the corrosion solution is supplied into the inner cavity of the composite circulating pipe through a three-way valve I, a ventilation water passage I in the piston and a passage of the upper pressure head axle center; the blower supplies high-speed air flow to the inner cavity of the composite circulating pipe through the three-way valve. The method comprises the following steps: assembling a test system; circularly pressurizing the confining pressure loading cavity; dry and wet cycle tests were performed. The system and the method can fully simulate the working condition that the wind well shaft is corroded by the corrosive solution, stressed by the ground and is in a dry-wet circulation environment condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil mechanical test equipment, and particularly relates to a test system and a test method for corrosion of a concrete well wall of an air shaft under a dry-wet circulation condition.
Background
With the rapid development of the country, the traditional coal energy source has a large proportion in the energy source required by the country. Therefore, in order to meet the development requirements of underground mineral resources, a large number of main, auxiliary and wind wells are constructed and put into use. The internal environment of the concrete shaft is complex, especially the wind shaft, and the internal environment is bad. The well bore is wet throughout the year, and the humidity can reach 100%. Meanwhile, under the influence of mine production and return air, the air contains a large amount of harmful impurities, a large amount of fog exists, the visibility is poor and is only 0.5-1 m, water in the mine flows upwards along the well wall, precipitation is formed at the well mouth again, and the precipitation degree of medium to heavy rain can be reached to the greatest extent. The state of the air-exhausting and water-draining of the shaft of the wind shaft is dry and wet circulation, the shaft wall is dry during air-exhausting, the shaft wall is wet during water-draining, and corrosive ions contained in water vapor during water-draining have certain corrosiveness on the shaft wall.
The concrete material is one of the most commonly used building materials of the existing building structure, the structure of the concrete material is easy to be corroded by sulfate, and especially for the underground concrete building structure, the problem that the underground concrete building structure is insufficient in durability and is broken due to the corrosion effect of the sulfate seriously threatens the construction and the use of the underground building. For example, the auxiliary shaft of the Yongcheng city and the coal mine in Henan province is put into service for only 3 years, serious sulfate corrosion phenomenon occurs at the inner edge of the C60 concrete section of the shaft, the corrosion depth is 1/4 of the thickness of the well wall, and the damage to the shaft is great. For an underground concrete building structure, the corrosion damage of the concrete by the corrosive solution is a damage type with larger hazard and more common, especially for deep-buried underground engineering, so that the research on the corrosion rule of the inner edge of the concrete well wall in the dry-wet circulation state is very important.
At present, a lot of concrete sulfate erosion research is available, but most of the research is focused on solving the problem that the outer edge of a concrete well wall is eroded by underground water sulfate. Less research is conducted on the inner edge erosion problem, particularly the inner edge of the wall of a wind shaft is ventilated and drained throughout the year, and the dry-wet circulation phenomenon in the shaft is obvious, wherein the problem of erosion by corrosive ions also exists. Therefore, a dry-wet cycle corrosion test device conforming to the working condition is designed based on the problems, so that the property change rule of the well wall concrete after sulfate corrosion under dry-wet cycle is effectively researched, and a reliable reference basis is provided for safety evaluation of the wind well shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a test system and a test method for corrosion of a concrete well wall of an air shaft under a dry-wet circulation condition, wherein the system has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple operation process, good overall sealing performance and good dry-wet circulation effect, and can fully simulate the working condition that the well shaft of the air shaft is corroded by corrosive solution, subjected to ground stress and is in the dry-wet circulation environment condition; the method can provide a corrosion test condition with good dry and wet circulation effect, can develop sample corrosion test research under the condition of synchronously applying shaft pressure and confining pressure under the dry and wet circulation working condition, and can fully simulate the corrosion damage process of the inner edge of the concrete air shaft wall under the dry and wet circulation of water vapor containing corrosive ions and rainwater due to internal ventilation and exhaust.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a test system for corrosion of a concrete well wall of an air shaft under a dry-wet circulation condition, which comprises a dry-wet circulation test unit, a confining pressure pressurizing unit, a water pressure pressurizing unit, a blast drying unit and a test data acquisition unit;
The dry-wet circulation test unit consists of a base, an oiling cylinder, a composite circulating pipe, a lower pressure head, a hollow concrete sample, an upper pressure head, a piston, an outer pipe control rod and a heat shrinkage pipe;
The base is horizontally arranged, the central area of the upper end face of the base is a sample test area, the peripheral edge part of the upper end face of the base is an annular assembly area, and the part of the upper end face between the sample test area and the annular assembly area is an annular loading area; a ventilation water channel II and an oil channel II are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the inside of the base; one end of the second ventilation water passage extends to the end face of the side edge of the base and serves as an outlet end A, and the other end of the second ventilation water passage extends to the sinking groove and serves as an inlet end A; one end of the oil passage II extends to the end face of the side edge of the base and serves as an inlet end B, and the other end of the oil passage II extends to the annular loading area and serves as an outlet end B; a sinking groove is formed in the central area of the sample test area;
the oiling cylinder body is vertically arranged above the base, and the size of the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder body is matched with the size of the annular assembly area; the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder is fixedly connected to the annular assembly area, and meanwhile, the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder and the annular assembly area are in sealing fit;
The size of the lower pressure head is matched with the size of the sample test area, the upper section and the lower section of the axle center part of the lower pressure head are respectively provided with a large-diameter section counter bore and a small-diameter section mounting hole, the large-diameter section counter bore and the small-diameter section mounting hole are mutually communicated to form an axial through stepped hole, and an annular step is formed at the communicated position; an internal thread structure B is arranged on the inner surface of the small-diameter section mounting hole; the size of the annular step is matched with the size of the sinking groove, and a plurality of vertical communication holes are formed in the annular step in a spreading manner; the lower pressure head is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sample test area, and the lower pressure head and the sample test area are in sealing fit;
The composite circulating pipe consists of a dry-wet circulating inner pipe and a dry-wet circulating outer pipe, wherein the dry-wet circulating inner pipe is positioned in the composite circulating pipe; the dry-wet circulation inner pipe consists of an upper connecting section positioned at the top, a main body section positioned at the middle part and a lower connecting section positioned at the bottom, the outer surface of the upper connecting section is of a smooth structure, a plurality of large holes are formed in the main body section in a spreading manner on the pipe body, an external thread structure B is arranged on the outer side of the lower connecting section, and the lower connecting section is fixedly assembled in a small-diameter section mounting hole on the lower pressing head through threaded fit between the external thread structure B and the internal thread structure B; the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is of a foldable pipe body structure, the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, the upper end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is tightly contacted with the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, the lower end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is fixed with the lower part of the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, a plurality of small holes are formed in the pipe body of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe in a spreading manner, the outer side of the upper end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is fixedly connected with a connecting table, and a vertical rod body mounting hole is formed in the end part of the connecting table;
The outer diameter of the hollow concrete sample is matched with the outer diameter of the sample test area, the hollow concrete sample is coaxially sleeved outside the composite circulating pipe, the lower end face of the hollow concrete sample is abutted against the upper end face of the lower pressure head, and the upper end face of the hollow concrete sample is abutted against the lower end face of the upper pressure head (2) and is higher than the main body section of the composite circulating pipe;
The size of the upper pressure head is matched with that of the lower pressure head, and the upper section and the lower section of the axle center part of the upper pressure head are respectively provided with a small-diameter section liquid passing hole and a large-diameter section mounting hole which are mutually communicated to form an axial through stepped hole; the size of the large-diameter section mounting hole is matched with the size of the connecting section on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, a plurality of annular grooves V are formed in the inner surface of the large-diameter section mounting hole in the vertical direction, and a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings are correspondingly assembled in the annular grooves V; the upper pressure head is provided with a vertical channel II deviating from the axis; the upper pressure head is coaxially sleeved outside the upper connecting section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe through a large-diameter section mounting hole, and is in sliding sealing fit with the upper connecting section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings;
The piston consists of a main plug body positioned at the center and an annular connecting table coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the main plug body, the size of the main plug body is matched with the size of an upper pressure head, a ventilation water passage I and a vertical passage I are formed in the main plug body at intervals, one end of the ventilation water passage I extends to the axis of the lower end face of the main plug body and serves as an outlet end C, the other end of the ventilation water passage I extends to the side face of the main plug body and serves as an inlet end C, the vertical passage I is eccentrically arranged and vertically penetrates through the main plug body, the outer diameter size of the annular connecting table is matched with the inner diameter size of the upper opening end of the oiling barrel, an oil passage I is vertically and completely formed in the main plug body, and an internal thread structure A is arranged on the inner surface of the oil passage I; the piston is arranged in the upper space of the inner cavity of the oiling cylinder, the outer edge surface of the annular connecting table is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the oiling cylinder, the lower end surface of the main plug body is axially connected with the upper end surface of the upper pressure head in pairs Ji Deya, meanwhile, the lower end of the first vertical channel is communicated with the upper end of the second vertical channel, and the outlet end C of the first ventilation water channel is communicated with the upper end of the small-diameter section liquid passing hole on the upper pressure head;
The lower end of the outer tube control rod sequentially passes through the first vertical channel and the second vertical channel and is fixedly inserted into a rod body mounting hole on the connecting table;
the heat shrinkage pipe is coaxially sleeved outside the hollow concrete sample, the upper end of the heat shrinkage pipe is hermetically sleeved outside the upper pressure head, and the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe is hermetically sleeved outside the lower pressure head; meanwhile, an annular confining pressure loading cavity is formed among the piston, the upper pressure head, the heat shrinkage tube, the lower pressure head, the oiling cylinder body and the base;
The confining pressure pressurizing unit consists of a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic quick connector, an energy accumulator, a second three-way valve, a second hydraulic quick connector, a third hydraulic quick connector, a three-way pipeline, an overflow valve, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge and a third pressure gauge; the hydraulic pump comprises a hydraulic pump body, a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic quick connector, an energy accumulator, a three-way valve, a threaded connector, an external thread structure A on the threaded connector and an internal thread structure A in an oil passage I; the second interface end of the three-way pipeline is connected with the inlet end A of the oil passage II, and the third interface end of the three-way pipeline is connected with the hydraulic oil tank through an overflow valve; the first pressure gauge is connected with a working oil port of the energy accumulator, the second pressure gauge is connected with a first inlet end of the second three-way valve, and the third pressure gauge is connected with a second inlet end of the second three-way valve;
The hydraulic pressurizing unit consists of a corrosion-resistant water tank, a liquid pump, a hydraulic quick connector IV, a flow rate meter IV, a three-way valve I, a vacuumizing pump, a hydraulic quick connector V, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a flow rate meter V, wherein a liquid suction port of the liquid pump is connected with the corrosion-resistant water tank, a liquid discharge port of the liquid pump is sequentially connected with a first inlet end of the three-way valve I through the hydraulic quick connector IV and the flow rate meter IV, and an outlet end of the three-way valve I is connected with an inlet end B of a ventilation water channel I; the vacuumizing pump is connected with a port B of the electromagnetic reversing valve through a hydraulic quick connector five, a port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an outlet end A of a ventilation water passage two through a flow rate meter five, and a port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an outer-discharge pipeline;
the blast drying unit mainly comprises a blast blower and a drying pipeline, and an air outlet of the blast blower is connected with a second inlet end of the first three-way valve through the drying pipeline;
The test data acquisition unit consists of a data acquisition instrument, a strain sensor and a PH detection sensor; the strain sensor and the PH detection sensor are attached to the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample, and the signal wires connected with the strain sensor and the PH detection sensor extend to the outer part of the upper end of the main plug body through the inner cavity of the outer pipe control rod and are connected with the data acquisition instrument.
Further, in order to facilitate the observation of the air supply time in real time and conveniently in the air supply drying process, the air blast drying unit further comprises a timer, and the timer is connected in the air supply pipeline in series.
Further, in order to avoid the occurrence of the condition that impurities enter the confining pressure pressurizing unit to cause the damage or the blockage of the hydraulic element, a filter element II is connected in series on an oil inlet pipeline between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank, the filter element II is positioned at the oil suction port side of the hydraulic pump, in order to avoid the occurrence of the condition that impurities enter the hydraulic pressure pressurizing unit to cause the blockage of the valve body, a filter element I is connected in series on a liquid inlet pipeline between the liquid suction pump and the corrosion-resistant water tank, and the filter element I is positioned at the liquid suction port side of the liquid suction pump.
Preferably, the outer edge surface of the upper annular connecting table of the piston is provided with a plurality of first annular grooves, each first annular groove is internally provided with a first sealing ring, and the upper annular connecting table of the piston is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the oiling cylinder body through the first sealing rings.
Further, in order to quickly and reliably perform assembly operation of the oiling barrel and the base, and ensure that the assembled oiling barrel and the base can be stably and reliably connected together, a plurality of threaded holes A are uniformly formed in an annular assembly area of the base in an annular direction, a plurality of positioning columns are fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular assembly area of the base in a staggered manner in the area where the plurality of threaded holes A are located, a plurality of annular grooves II are coaxially formed in the inner side of the plurality of threaded holes A in the upper end of the annular assembly area of the base, and a sealing ring II is assembled in each annular groove II;
The lower end face of the oiling cylinder body is provided with a plurality of positioning holes corresponding to the positioning columns, and a plurality of threaded holes B are formed in positions corresponding to the threaded holes A; the plurality of locating holes of oiling barrel lower extreme suit is on a plurality of reference columns, and through wearing to locate a plurality of threaded holes A and a plurality of connecting bolt and base fixed connection in the threaded hole B, and the lower terminal surface of oiling barrel passes through sealing washer two and the up end of base between sealing washer.
Further, in order to be convenient for establish the stable and reliable connection between the wet circulation inner tube and the wet circulation outer tube of doing, a plurality of interior pipe clamping grooves have been seted up to the main part section lower extreme of wet circulation inner tube to the orientation, the inside a plurality of outer tube compression spring hooks that correspond of lower extreme of wet circulation outer tube of doing, a plurality of outer tube compression spring hooks are with the lower extreme of wet circulation outer tube and the main part section lower extreme location connection of wet circulation inner tube of doing in a plurality of interior pipe clamping grooves.
Further, in order to effectively buffer the fluid entering the small-diameter section through liquid hole, the upper end of the small-diameter section through liquid hole is coaxially provided with a buffer expansion hole towards the outside, and the size of the buffer expansion hole is larger than that of the outlet end C of the first ventilation water passage.
Further, in order to facilitate the automatic control of the test process, a controller is also included, which is connected with the hydraulic pump, the liquid pump, the electromagnetic directional valve and the blower, respectively.
In the invention, the sunk groove is arranged in the central area of the sample test area on the base, so that a liquid collecting area or an air collecting area can be conveniently formed in the center of the upper end surface of the base, and meanwhile, the sunk groove and the external space in the center of the sample test area are communicated by matching with the ventilation water channel II arranged in the base, so that the corrosive solution or air flow entering the sunk groove can be conveniently and rapidly discharged to the outside. The annular loading area and the external space are communicated through the oil passage II arranged in the base, so that hydraulic oil can be conveniently injected into the confining pressure loading cavity through the annular loading area, and then the confining pressure loading of the hollow concrete sample assembled in the sample test area can be conveniently carried out. Through having seted up big footpath section counter bore in the upper portion center of lower pressure head, can provide accommodation space for the wet circulation outer tube of doing under the fold-down state on the one hand, and then can avoid producing the interference to the quick air-jet operation of wet circulation inner tube of doing because of the existence of wet circulation outer tube of doing in the dry circulation in-process, be favorable to directly utilizing the big hole on the wet circulation inner tube of doing to carry out quick air-dry processing to the sample inner wall, on the other hand can be convenient for form annular liquid collecting region in the outside of combined type circulating pipe lower extreme, owing to still offered a plurality of vertical intercommunicating pores on the annular step on the pressure head simultaneously, just so can be with the corrosive solution who participated in the experiment and the quick outside derivation of air current fast, the effect of wet circulation of doing and the high efficiency of test process have been effectively ensured. Because in the corrosion test process of the sample by utilizing the sulfate corrosion solution, if ventilation and drying are not timely or liquid drainage is not timely, sulfate crystals are remained on the inner side wall of the sample, and the crystals can be accumulated between the inner wall of the sample and the composite circulating pipe in a large quantity after repeated dry and wet circulation, so that the corrosion effect of the sample in the subsequent dry and wet circulation test process is easily affected, the test accuracy and the whole test effect can be reduced, and the timeliness of the air drying and liquid drainage process can be effectively ensured by matching the vertical through hole on the upper center large-diameter section counter bore of the lower pressure head and the vertical through hole on the annular step with the sinking groove in the center of the base, and further the condition that the crystals remain on the sample can be effectively avoided.
The annular connecting table on the piston is matched with the oiling cylinder in a sliding sealing way, so that the sealing performance of the confining pressure loading cavity can be effectively ensured in the axial loading process, and meanwhile, the matching mode can ensure that the dry-wet cycle test unit has errors in the preparation height of the sample or can effectively ensure the smooth proceeding of the test process when the dry-wet cycle corrosion test is carried out on the samples with different heights. A ventilation water passage I communicated with the center of the lower end and an external space is formed in the main plug body on the piston, meanwhile, a small-diameter section liquid passing hole and a large-diameter section mounting hole which are communicated are formed in the axis of the upper pressure head, so that external corrosive solution and air flow can be conveniently injected into a composite circulating pipe arranged in the large-diameter section mounting hole, and further, the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample sleeved outside the composite circulating pipe can be conveniently subjected to corrosion test and air drying treatment. The first vertical channel is eccentrically arranged on the main plug body on the piston, and the second vertical channel is eccentrically arranged on the upper pressure head, so that the outer tube control rod can conveniently extend into the confining pressure loading cavity through the first vertical channel and the second vertical channel after being communicated. Because the outer tube control rod is hollow structure, can draw forth the signal line of installing at the inside sensor of confining pressure loading chamber through the inner chamber of outer tube control rod to be located outside data acquisition appearance and can acquire test data in real time. Meanwhile, the signal wires are led out from the inner cavity of the outer tube control rod in a concentrated manner, so that the overall tightness is not affected, the inner cavity of the outer tube control rod can be conveniently subjected to sealing treatment after being subjected to wire passing, and the sealing performance of the confining pressure loading cavity is further improved.
The main section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe inside the composite circulation pipe is provided with large holes, and meanwhile, the pipe body of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is provided with small holes, so that when the pressurized corrosion solution is sprayed out from the small holes on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe to the outside after passing through the large holes on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, spray liquid with good atomization effect can be formed, and the corrosion process of the corrosive solution of a shaft can be better simulated. Through at the upper end externally mounted connection platform of wet circulation outer tube, simultaneously, fixed cartridge in the body of rod mounting hole on connection bench with the lower extreme of outer tube control lever, on the one hand can realize the fixed of outer tube control lever, on the other hand, can drive wet circulation outer tube in the vertical whole removal of doing through outer tube control lever, thereby can be convenient for realize the assembly and the separation operation between wet circulation outer tube and the wet circulation inner tube of doing fast, finally, because wet circulation outer tube is collapsible structure, can also make outer tube compression spring hook compress and with interior pipe draw-in groove quick separation through the mode of pulling up earlier, rotatory, the repressing again, then adopt the control outer tube control lever to fold down the big hole of making wet circulation outer tube and wet circulation inner tube separation mode of doing so that dry in the wet circulation inner tube main part section, so that can spout the dry sample inner wall fast in the dry circulation, simultaneously, also can be convenient for with dry wet circulation outer tube expansion completely through the mode of pull-up outer tube control lever, thereby can satisfy different experimental demands, the flexibility has been improved effectively.
The hydraulic quick connector I, the energy accumulator and the hydraulic quick connector II are sequentially arranged between the hydraulic pump and the first inlet end of the three-way valve II, so that connection of a confining pressure part pipeline can be established in a quick plugging mode, and meanwhile, the energy accumulator can be utilized to perform pressure stabilization treatment on hydraulic oil entering the three-way valve II, so that the hydraulic oil output to the first inlet end of the three-way valve II can be more stable, and stability of a confining pressure loading process can be guaranteed. The outlet end of the three-way valve II is communicated with the confining pressure loading cavity through a three-way pipeline and the oil passage II, and the second inlet end of the three-way valve II is communicated with the confining pressure loading cavity through the hydraulic quick connector III and the oil passage I, so that hydraulic oil at the first inlet end of the three-way valve II can be injected into the confining pressure loading cavity and continuously accumulated in the confining pressure loading cavity, after the confining pressure loading cavity is filled, the hydraulic oil overflowed from the confining pressure loading cavity flows out from the oil passage I and is output to the second inlet end of the three-way valve II through the hydraulic quick connector III, and then is converged with the hydraulic oil entering from the first inlet end in the three-way valve II, and the confining pressure loading operation can be jointly realized after the hydraulic oil is converged; and an overflow valve is arranged between the outlet end of the three-way pipeline and the hydraulic oil tank, so that the constant pressure of the interior of the confining pressure loading cavity can be ensured in the loading process of hydraulic oil, when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity exceeds the set pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve is opened, part of hydraulic oil is led into the hydraulic oil tank, and when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity is smaller than or equal to the set pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve is closed so as to effectively maintain the constant state of the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity. The working oil port of the energy accumulator is connected with a first pressure gauge, so that the pressure state of the energy accumulator can be displayed in real time. The second pressure gauge is arranged at the first inlet end side of the second three-way valve, so that the pressure at the first inlet end side of the second three-way valve can be conveniently detected and displayed in real time. The pressure gauge III is arranged at the second inlet end side of the three-way valve II, so that the pressure of the second inlet end side of the three-way valve II can be detected and displayed in real time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity can be displayed in the field, whether the pressure in the circulating confining pressure loading process is stable or not can be further judged, and further the accuracy of the test can be guaranteed. The hydraulic quick connector IV is connected in series between the liquid pump and the first inlet end of the three-way valve, so that the establishment of a pipeline connection state between the liquid pump and the three-way valve can be realized quickly, and meanwhile, the connection state can be separated conveniently, so that the corrosive solution can be extracted conveniently, conveyed into the inner cavity of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe through the first ventilation water passage and the small-diameter section liquid passing hole, and then sprayed out sequentially from the large hole on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe and the small hole on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe to form spray liquid with good atomization effect and sprayed onto the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample to realize the corrosion process of the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample. Through connecting the air-blower in second entrance point one side of three way valve one, can be when the hollow concrete sample is dried to needs, be convenient for utilize the air-blower to supply high-speed air current to the dry and wet circulation inner tube in, the high-speed air current of entering spouts the hollow concrete sample fast through the big hole on the dry and wet circulation inner tube, forms the air that flows at a high speed at the internal surface of hollow concrete sample, and then can realize the drying treatment to hollow concrete sample fast. The outlet end A of the ventilation water channel II is respectively connected with the vacuumizing pump and the external discharge pipeline through the connecting electromagnetic directional valve, so that the communication state between the ventilation water channel II and the vacuumizing pump or between the ventilation water channel II and the external discharge pipeline can be conveniently switched, when the corrosion test is carried out on the hollow concrete sample by using the corrosion solution in a spraying way, on one hand, the corrosion solution sprayed onto the hollow concrete sample can be timely discharged by using the external discharge pipeline in the communication state, on the other hand, when the flow speed of the corrosion solution discharged outwards is slower or when the corrosion solution cannot be normally discharged outwards due to blockage, the negative pressure of the vacuumizing pump is used for acting on the ventilation water channel II, so as to effectively ensure timely discharge of the corrosion solution, thus avoiding influence on the concentration and PH value of the corrosion solution which is newly input subsequently because the waste liquid of the corrosion solution cannot be discharged in time, and further effectively ensuring the test precision. Through the arrangement of the flow meter IV, the flow data entering the ventilation water channel I can be detected and displayed in real time; through the setting of the flow velocity meter five, the flow data of the ventilation water channel two can be conveniently detected and displayed in real time, and whether the situation of blockage occurs in the process of discharging the fluid can be judged. The strain sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample, so that the internal wind force during ventilation drying and the strain change of the inner wall of the hollow concrete sample under the wet circulation condition can be conveniently measured, and the performance change rule of the concrete after corrosion under the dry and wet circulation can be effectively obtained. The PH detection sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample, so that PH value data of the internal corrosion solution in the test process can be conveniently obtained through PH change signals acquired by the PH detection sensor when spraying corrosion. Therefore, through real-time monitoring of various parameters in the test process, the dry-wet circulation effect can be effectively ensured to meet the test requirement.
In the invention, the axial pressure applied to the sample can be provided by a lever-type consolidation instrument matched with a load sensor, and when the axial pressure is applied, the vertical load acting on the piston can be transmitted to the sample through an upper pressure head. The confining pressure applied to the sample can be provided by the confining pressure pressurizing unit, and the stability of confining pressure in the sample process can be effectively ensured by a constant pressurizing mode. The corrosion process in the wet environment to which the test specimen is subjected may be provided by a hydraulic pressurizing unit. The corrosion process in the dry environment to which the test specimen is subjected may be provided by a forced air drying unit. Because the water pressure pressurizing unit and the air blast drying unit are communicated with the inner cavity of the composite circulating pipe through the same three-way valve I, the working condition environment of the inner edge of the air shaft wall corroded under the dry and wet circulating condition can be truly simulated through the mode of circularly controlling the water pressure pressurizing unit and the air blast drying unit. The invention improves the prior test device for researching the dry-wet cycle corrosion of the inner edge of the concrete sample under the condition of lacking high ground stress and the embarrassment that the prior dry-wet cycle test device has poor effect, effectively solves the technical defects that the prior dry-wet cycle test device can not provide the pressurization and voltage stabilization for simulating the high ground stress, has poor dry-wet cycle effect and is not suitable for the working condition of the wind shaft, can effectively simulate the process that the sample is corroded by the long-term dry-wet cycle of the corrosive solution under the confining pressure and the shaft pressure, and is beneficial to the deep research on the problem that the inner edge of the wind shaft is corroded by the long-term ventilation and the exhaust of the interior to form water vapor containing corrosive ions and the dry-wet cycle of rainwater.
The invention also provides a test method for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind well under the dry-wet circulation condition, which adopts a test system for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind well under the dry-wet circulation condition and comprises the following steps:
Step one: firstly, assembling a hollow concrete sample to be tested between a lower pressure head and an upper pressure head, coaxially sleeving a heat shrinkage pipe outside the hollow concrete sample, heating the upper end and the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe by using a hot air gun, sleeving the upper end of the heat shrinkage pipe outside the upper pressure head in a sealing manner after heat shrinkage, sleeving the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe outside the lower pressure head in a sealing manner after heat shrinkage, then completing the assembly operation of a dry-wet circulation test unit, and establishing connection among a confining pressure pressurizing unit, a hydraulic pressure pressurizing unit, a blast drying unit and the dry-wet circulation test unit;
Step two: the set axial pressure is loaded on a main plug body of the piston by utilizing a lever-type consolidation apparatus matched with a load sensor and is further transmitted to the upper end of a hollow concrete sample, and meanwhile, the lower end face of the main plug body is utilized to tightly press a sealing ring in an upper annular groove IV of an upper pressure head downwards by utilizing the action of the axial pressure, so that good sealing fit is formed between the upper pressure head and the main plug body;
Then, firstly closing a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve, opening a valve at one side of a first inlet end of the three-way valve, and setting the opening pressure of the overflow valve as the confining pressure required by the test; starting the hydraulic pump to start working, pumping out the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank by using the hydraulic pump, outputting the hydraulic oil to the energy accumulator through the first hydraulic quick connector, conveying the hydraulic oil to the first inlet end of the three-way valve through the second hydraulic quick connector after the pressure stabilizing effect of the energy accumulator, conveying the hydraulic oil to the first interface end of the three-way pipeline through the outlet end of the three-way valve, conveying the hydraulic oil to the inlet end A of the oil passage II through the second interface end of the three-way pipeline, and then entering the confining pressure loading cavity for continuous accumulation; after the oil passage I is observed that hydraulic oil is full of the confining pressure loading cavity, the valve at one side of the second inlet end of the three-way valve is opened firstly, then the threaded joint is inserted into the oil passage I through threaded fit, so that hydraulic oil overflowed from the confining pressure loading cavity is conveyed to the second inlet end of the three-way valve through the hydraulic quick joint III, and the hydraulic oil is converged with hydraulic oil entering from the first inlet end to jointly maintain the constant state of the internal pressure of the confining pressure loading cavity;
In the process, a pressure signal A of an energy accumulator is acquired in real time by utilizing a pressure gauge I, a pressure signal B at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve II is acquired in real time by utilizing a pressure gauge II, and a pressure signal C at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve II is acquired in real time by utilizing a pressure gauge III; the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity is kept constant by using the overflow valve, when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity exceeds the confining pressure required by the test, the overflow valve is automatically opened to discharge part of hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil tank, and when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity is smaller than or equal to the confining pressure required by the test, the overflow valve is automatically closed to ensure the confining pressure required by the test;
Step three: the electromagnetic directional valve is electrically operated at the right position, so that the P port and the A port of the electromagnetic directional valve are in a communicated state;
Step four: firstly closing a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve, opening a valve at one side of a first inlet end of the three-way valve, starting a liquid pump to start working, pumping out the corrosive solution in the corrosion-resistant water tank by using the liquid pump, conveying the corrosive solution to the first inlet end of the three-way valve through a hydraulic quick connector IV, conveying the corrosive solution to an inlet end C of a ventilation water channel I through an outlet end of the three-way valve I, flowing through the ventilation water channel I and a small-diameter section liquid passing hole, entering an inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation inner pipe, spraying the corrosive solution into the inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation outer pipe through a plurality of large holes on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, spraying the corrosive solution uniformly to the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample after atomizing the small holes on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe, and continuously eroding the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample; meanwhile, the corrosive solution flowing down from the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample is collected in real time by utilizing the large-diameter section counter bore and is discharged into the sinking groove through the vertical communication hole, and finally, the corrosive solution is discharged through the ventilation water channel II, the communication pipeline II and the electromagnetic directional valve and is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipeline 75;
In the process, a flow rate signal A at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve is collected in real time by using a flow rate meter IV, and a flow rate signal B at an outlet end A of a ventilation water channel II is collected in real time by using a flow rate meter V;
after the process is continued for the set time A, stopping the operation of the liquid pump, and stopping the erosion process;
step five: firstly closing a valve at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve, opening a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve, simultaneously pressing down an outer pipe control rod to enable a dry-wet circulation outer pipe to fold downwards and shrink, starting a blower to work, compressing air by the blower to form high-speed air flow, conveying the high-speed air flow to a drying pipeline, drying the high-speed air flow by the drying pipeline, supplying the high-speed air flow to the second inlet end of the three-way valve, conveying the high-speed air flow to an inlet end C of a ventilation water channel I through an outlet end of the three-way valve, flowing through the ventilation water channel I and a small-diameter section through liquid holes, entering an inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation inner pipe, uniformly and rapidly spraying a plurality of large holes on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe to the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample, and rapidly drying the inner wall of the hollow concrete sample subjected to corrosion spraying; in the process, air-dried air sequentially flows through the large-diameter section counter bore, the vertical communication hole, the sinking groove and the ventilation water passage II to enter the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve, and then is discharged to the outside through the outer discharge pipeline;
after the process is continued for the set time B, the air blower stops working, and the air drying process is stopped;
Step six: the fourth step and the fifth step are executed in a circulating way to carry out a dry-wet circulating test, in the whole test process, stress change signals of the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample are collected in real time by utilizing a strain sensor and are sent to a data collection instrument in real time, PH change signals of the corrosion solution sprayed on the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample are collected in real time by utilizing a PH detection sensor and are sent to the data collection instrument in real time, and stress change data of the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample and PH change data of the corrosion solution are obtained and recorded by utilizing the data collection instrument; ending the set of test procedures after the cycle reaches the set test times;
step seven: closing the hydraulic pump, and adjusting the opening pressure of the overflow valve to the lowest, so that the hydraulic oil in the confining pressure loading cavity flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through the three-way pipeline and the overflow valve, and the hydraulic oil can be recycled in the next group of tests.
In the fourth step, when the flow rate of the second outlet end A of the ventilation water channel is far lower than the set flow rate value, the electromagnetic directional valve is controlled to work at the left position, the vacuumizing pump is started to work, negative pressure is provided for the B port of the electromagnetic directional valve by the vacuumizing pump, and the P port acts on the second ventilation water channel, so that the corrosion solution which flows slowly or cannot flow normally due to blockage is pumped out.
The method has simple operation process and ideal simulation effect, fully considers the actual conditions of the sample under stable high ground stress and in a dry-wet circulation state in the process of simulating the corrosion of the shaft by the corrosion solution, can help to acquire real test data more accurately, can help to research the change rule of the sulfate after corrosion under the dry-wet circulation of the well wall concrete truly, and provides reliable reference basis for the safety evaluation of the shaft of the wind well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dry-wet cycle test unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a base of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower ram of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an upper ram in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the piston of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a composite circulation pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the dry and wet circulation inner pipe in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the wet and dry circulation outer tube in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a piston; 2. an upper pressure head; 3. a dry-wet circulation inner pipe; 4. a dry-wet circulation outer tube; 5. a lower pressure head; 6. a base; 7. an oiling cylinder; 8. an outer tube control rod; 9. a hollow concrete sample; 10. a heat shrinkage tube; 11. a ventilation water passage I; 12. a first vertical channel; 13. a small-diameter section liquid passing hole; 14. an oil passage I; 15. a first sealing ring; 16. a connection station; 17. annular grooves II; 18. an inner pipe clamping groove; 19. the outer tube compresses the spring hook; 20. a large-diameter section counter bore; 21. positioning columns; 22. a threaded hole A; 23. a ventilation water passage II; 24. sinking the groove; 25. a vertical communication hole; 26. an oil passage II; 27. a first filter element; 28. A liquid pump; 29. A check valve IV; 30. a flow rate meter IV; 31. a blower; 32. a timer; 33. a three-way valve I; 34. a second sealing ring; 35. a fifth flow rate meter; 36. a hydraulic quick joint V; 37. an electromagnetic reversing valve; 38. a data acquisition instrument; 39. a third pressure gauge; 40. a three-way valve II; 41. a second pressure gauge; 42. a hydraulic quick joint II; 43. an accumulator; 44. a hydraulic quick joint III; 45. a first pressure gauge; 46. a first check valve; 47. a hydraulic pump; 48. a second filter element; 49. an overflow valve; 50. a small-diameter section mounting hole; 51. an annular step; 52. a large-diameter section mounting hole; 53. a hydraulic oil tank; 54. a corrosion resistant water tank; 55. a vacuum pump; 56. a drying pipeline; 57. a main plug body; 58. an annular connecting table; 59. an annular groove I; 60. a vertical channel II; 61. a sample testing area; 62. an annular assembly region; 63. an annular loading zone; 64. a rod body mounting hole; 65. large holes; 66. a small hole; 67. buffer enlarging holes; 68. a confining pressure loading cavity; 69. an annular groove III; 70. annular grooves IV and 71, annular grooves V and 72, a three-way pipeline 74, a threaded joint 75 and an outer-row pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the invention provides a test system for corrosion of a concrete well wall of an air shaft under a dry-wet circulation condition, which comprises a dry-wet circulation test unit, a confining pressure pressurizing unit, a water pressure pressurizing unit, a blast drying unit and a test data acquisition unit;
The dry-wet cycle test unit consists of a base 6, an oiling cylinder 7, a composite circulating pipe, a lower pressure head 5, a hollow concrete sample 9, an upper pressure head 2, a piston 1, an outer pipe control rod 8 and a heat shrinkage pipe 10;
The base 6 is horizontally arranged, the central area of the upper end surface of the base is a sample test area 61, the peripheral edge part of the upper end surface of the base is an annular assembly area 62, and the part of the upper end surface between the sample test area 61 and the annular assembly area 62 is an annular loading area 63; a second ventilation and water passage 23 and a second oil passage 26 are respectively formed in the base 6 at two opposite sides; one end of the second ventilation and water-through channel 23 extends to the end face of the side edge of the base 6 and is used as an outlet end A, and the other end of the second ventilation and water-through channel 23 extends to the sinking groove 24 and is used as an inlet end A; one end of the second oil passage 26 extends to the end face of the side edge of the base 6 and serves as an inlet end B, and the other end of the second oil passage 26 extends to the annular loading area 63 and serves as an outlet end B; a sinking groove 24 is formed in the central area of the sample testing area 61;
The oiling cylinder 7 is vertically arranged above the base 6, and the size of the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder is matched with the size of the annular assembly area 62; the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the annular assembly area 62, and meanwhile, the lower opening end and the annular assembly area are in sealing fit;
The size of the lower pressure head 5 is matched with the size of the sample test area 61, the upper section and the lower section of the axle center part of the lower pressure head are respectively provided with a large-diameter section counter bore 20 and a small-diameter section mounting hole 50, the large-diameter section counter bore 20 and the small-diameter section mounting hole 50 are mutually communicated to form an axial through stepped hole, and an annular step 51 is formed at the communicating position; the inner surface of the small-diameter section mounting hole 50 is provided with an internal thread structure B; the size of the annular step 51 is matched with the size of the sinking groove 24, and a plurality of vertical communication holes 25 are formed in the annular step in a spreading manner; the lower pressure head 5 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sample test area 61, and the lower pressure head and the sample test area are in sealing fit;
As a preferable way, the upper end of the sample testing area 61 of the base 6 is provided with a third annular groove 69 at the outer side of the sinking groove 24, and the third annular groove 69 is provided with a third sealing ring; the lower end face of the lower pressure head 5 is in sealing fit with the sample test area 61 through a third sealing ring, and as further preferable, the third sealing ring is an O-shaped sealing ring;
The composite circulating pipe consists of a dry-wet circulating inner pipe 3 positioned inside and a dry-wet circulating outer pipe 4 sleeved outside the dry-wet circulating inner pipe 3; the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3 consists of an upper connecting section positioned at the top, a main body section positioned in the middle and a lower connecting section positioned at the bottom, the outer surface of the upper connecting section is of a smooth structure, a plurality of large holes 65 are formed in the main body section in a spreading manner on the pipe body, an external thread structure B is arranged on the outer side of the lower connecting section, and the lower connecting section is fixedly assembled in a small-diameter section mounting hole 50 on the lower pressure head 5 through threaded fit between the external thread structure B and the internal thread structure B; the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 is of a foldable pipe body structure, the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, the upper end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is tightly contacted with the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, the lower end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is fixedly connected with the lower part of the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, a plurality of small holes 66 are formed in the pipe body of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe in a spreading manner, the connecting table 16 is fixedly connected on the outer side of the upper end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4, and a vertical rod body mounting hole 64 is formed in the end part of the connecting table 16; the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 is of a foldable pipe body structure, so that after the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 is folded, the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3 can be completely exposed, and then the rapid ventilation and drying operation can be directly carried out by directly utilizing the large holes 65 on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, so that the drying treatment of the hollow concrete sample 9 can be more efficiently realized.
The outer diameter of the hollow concrete sample 9 is matched with the outer diameter of the sample test area 61, the hollow concrete sample is coaxially sleeved outside the composite circulating pipe, the lower end face of the hollow concrete sample is abutted against the upper end face of the lower pressure head 5, and the upper end face of the hollow concrete sample is abutted against the lower end face of the upper pressure head 2 and is higher than the main body section of the composite circulating pipe and lower than the upper end edge of the composite circulating pipe;
The size of the upper pressure head 2 is matched with the size of the lower pressure head 5, the upper section and the lower section of the axle center part of the upper pressure head are respectively provided with a small-diameter section liquid passing hole 13 and a large-diameter section mounting hole 52, and the small-diameter section liquid passing hole 13 and the large-diameter section mounting hole 52 are mutually communicated to form an axial through stepped hole; the size of the large-diameter section mounting hole 52 is matched with the size of the connecting section on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, a plurality of annular grooves five 71 are formed in the inner surface of the large-diameter section mounting hole vertically, and a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings are correspondingly assembled in the plurality of annular grooves five 71; the upper pressure head 2 is provided with a second vertical channel 60 deviating from the axis; the upper pressure head 2 is coaxially sleeved outside the upper connecting section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3 through a large-diameter section mounting hole 52, and is in sliding sealing fit with the upper connecting section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3 through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings;
The piston 1 consists of a main plug body 57 positioned at the center and an annular connecting table 58 coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the main plug body 57, the size of the main plug body 57 is matched with the size of the upper pressure head 2, a ventilation water passage I11 and a vertical passage I12 are formed in the main plug body at intervals, one end of the ventilation water passage I11 extends to the axis of the lower end face of the main plug body 57 and serves as an outlet end C, the other end of the ventilation water passage I extends to the side face of the main plug body 57 and serves as an inlet end C, the vertical passage I12 is eccentrically arranged and vertically penetrates through the main plug body 57, the outer diameter of the annular connecting table 58 is matched with the inner diameter of the upper opening end of the oiling cylinder 7, an oil passage I14 is vertically and completely formed in the main plug body, and an internal thread structure A is arranged on the inner surface of the oil passage I14; the piston 1 is arranged in the upper space of the inner cavity of the oiling cylinder 7, the outer edge surface of the annular connecting table 58 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the oiling cylinder 7, the lower end surface of the main plug body 57 is axially connected with the upper end surface of the upper pressure head 2 in pairs Ji Deya, meanwhile, the lower end of the first vertical channel 12 and the upper end of the second vertical channel 60 are communicated with each other, and the outlet end C of the first ventilation and water passage 11 and the upper end of the small-diameter section liquid passing hole 13 on the upper pressure head 2 are communicated with each other;
As a preferable way, the upper end surface of the upper pressure head 2 is provided with a fourth annular groove 70 at the outer side of the small-diameter section liquid passing hole 13, a fourth sealing ring is assembled in the fourth annular groove 70, and the upper end surface of the upper pressure head 2 is in sealing fit with the lower end surface of the main plug body 57 through the fourth sealing ring; further preferably, the fourth seal ring is an O-ring seal.
The lower end of the outer tube control rod 8 sequentially passes through the first vertical channel 12 and the second vertical channel 60 and is fixedly inserted into a rod body mounting hole 64 on the connecting table 16;
Preferably, the rod body mounting hole 64 is a threaded hole, the lower end of the outer tube control rod 8 is provided with an external thread structure, and the outer tube control rod 8 is fixedly inserted into the rod body mounting hole 64 through threaded fit.
The heat shrinkage tube 10 is coaxially sleeved outside the hollow concrete sample 9, the upper end of the heat shrinkage tube is hermetically sleeved outside the upper pressure head 2, and the lower end of the heat shrinkage tube is hermetically sleeved outside the lower pressure head 5; meanwhile, an annular confining pressure loading cavity 68 is formed among the piston 1, the upper pressure head 2, the heat shrinkage tube 10, the lower pressure head 5, the oiling cylinder 7 and the base 6;
The confining pressure pressurizing unit consists of a hydraulic oil tank 53, a hydraulic pump 47, a first hydraulic quick connector 46, an energy accumulator 43, a second three-way valve 40, a second hydraulic quick connector 42, a third hydraulic quick connector 44, a three-way pipeline 72, an overflow valve 49, a first pressure gauge 45, a second pressure gauge 41 and a third pressure gauge 39; the oil suction port of the hydraulic pump 47 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 53, the oil discharge port of the hydraulic pump 47 is connected with the working port of the energy accumulator 43 through the first hydraulic quick connector 46, the working port of the energy accumulator 43 is connected with the first inlet end of the three-way valve II 40 through the second hydraulic quick connector 42, the outlet end of the three-way valve II 40 is connected with the first interface end of the three-way pipeline 72, the second inlet end of the three-way valve II 40 is connected with the threaded connector 74 through the third hydraulic quick connector 44, and the external thread structure A on the threaded connector 74 is matched with the internal thread structure A in the oil passage I14; the second interface end of the three-way pipeline 72 is connected with the inlet end A of the oil passage II 26, and the third interface end of the three-way pipeline 72 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 53 through the overflow valve 49; the first pressure gauge 45 is connected with a working oil port of the energy accumulator 43, the second pressure gauge 41 is connected with a first inlet end of the second three-way valve 40, and the third pressure gauge 39 is connected with a second inlet end of the second three-way valve 40;
The hydraulic pressurizing unit consists of a corrosion-resistant water tank 54, a liquid pump 28, a hydraulic quick connector IV 29, a flow rate meter IV 30, a three-way valve I33, a vacuumizing pump 55, a hydraulic quick connector V36, an electromagnetic reversing valve 37 and a flow rate meter V35, wherein a liquid suction port of the liquid pump 28 is connected with the corrosion-resistant water tank 54, a liquid discharge port of the liquid pump 28 is connected with a first inlet end of the three-way valve I33 through the hydraulic quick connector IV 29 and the flow rate meter IV 30 in sequence, and an outlet end of the three-way valve I33 is connected with an inlet end B of a ventilation and water passage I11; the vacuumizing pump 55 is connected with a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 37 through a hydraulic quick connector five 36, a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 37 is connected with an outlet end A of the ventilation water channel two 23 through a flow rate meter five 35, and a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 37 is connected with an outer discharge pipeline 75;
Preferably, the electromagnetic directional valve 37 is a two-position three-way directional valve, which is operated in the right position when it is not powered, the passage between the port P and the port a is communicated, the port B is blocked, and is operated in the right position when it is powered, the communication between the port P and the port B is blocked, and the port a is blocked. Further, the controller is connected to an electromagnetic directional valve 37.
The blast drying unit mainly comprises a blast blower 31 and a drying pipeline 56, wherein an air outlet of the blast blower 31 is connected with a second inlet end of the first three-way valve 33 through the drying pipeline 56;
The test data acquisition unit consists of a data acquisition instrument 38, a strain sensor and a PH detection sensor; the strain sensor and the PH detection sensor are attached to the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample 9, and the signal wires connected with the strain sensor and the PH detection sensor extend to the outside of the upper end of the main plug body 57 through the inner cavity of the outer pipe control rod 8 and are connected with the data acquisition instrument 38. The outer tube control rod 8 is filled with a sealing device in a gap outside the signal wire, the sealing device is formed by combining an adhesive and nylon Long Wangzu, and a large number of test processes show that the sealing method has good waterproof sealing effect.
In order to facilitate the observation of the air supply time in real time and conveniently in the air supply drying process, the air blast drying unit further comprises a timer 32, and the timer 32 is connected in series in the air supply pipeline.
In order to avoid that impurities enter the confining pressure pressurizing unit to cause damage or blockage of the hydraulic element, a second filter element 48 is connected in series to an oil inlet pipeline between the hydraulic pump 47 and the hydraulic oil tank 53, the second filter element 48 is positioned on the oil suction port side of the hydraulic pump 47, in order to avoid that impurities enter the hydraulic pressure pressurizing unit to cause blockage of the valve body, a first filter element 27 is connected in series to an inlet pipeline between the liquid suction pump 28 and the corrosion-resistant water tank 54, and the first filter element 27 is positioned on the liquid suction port side of the liquid suction pump 28.
The outer edge surface of the annular connecting table 58 on the piston 1 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves I59, a sealing ring I15 is arranged in each annular groove I59, and the annular connecting table 58 on the piston 1 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the oiling cylinder 7 through the sealing ring I15. Further preferably, the first seal ring 15 is an O-ring seal.
In order to quickly and reliably perform assembly operation of the oiling barrel and the base, and ensure that the assembled oiling barrel and base can be stably and reliably connected together, a plurality of threaded holes A22 are uniformly formed in the annular assembly area 62 of the base 6 in the circumferential direction, a plurality of positioning columns 21 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular assembly area 62 of the base 6 in a staggered manner in the area where the plurality of threaded holes A22 are located, a plurality of annular grooves II 17 are formed in the upper end of the annular assembly area 62 of the base 6 in the inner side of the plurality of threaded holes A22 in a coaxial manner, and a sealing ring II 34 is assembled in each annular groove II 17, and as further preferable, the sealing ring II 34 is an O-shaped sealing ring;
The lower end surface of the oiling cylinder 7 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes corresponding to the positioning columns 21, and a plurality of threaded holes B corresponding to the threaded holes A22; the plurality of locating holes at the lower end of the oiling cylinder 7 are sleeved on the plurality of locating columns 21 and fixedly connected with the base 6 through a plurality of connecting bolts penetrating through the plurality of threaded holes A22 and the plurality of threaded holes B, and the lower end face of the oiling cylinder 7 is in sealing fit with the upper end face of the base 6 through the second sealing ring 34.
The lower end of the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3 is annularly provided with a plurality of inner pipe clamping grooves 18, a plurality of outer pipe compression spring hooks 19 are fixedly connected to the inside of the lower end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 corresponding to the plurality of inner pipe clamping grooves 18, and the plurality of outer pipe compression spring hooks 19 are hooked in the plurality of inner pipe clamping grooves 18 to position and connect the lower end of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 with the lower end of the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3.
The upper end of the small-diameter section liquid passing hole 13 is coaxially provided with a buffer expansion hole 67 towards the outside, and the size of the buffer expansion hole 67 is larger than that of the outlet end C of the first ventilation water passage 11.
In order to facilitate the automated control of the test procedure, a control unit is also provided, which is connected to the hydraulic pump 47, the fluid pump 28, the solenoid directional valve 37 and the blower 31. Preferably, the controller is a PLC controller.
In the invention, the sunk groove is arranged in the central area of the sample test area on the base, so that a liquid collecting area or an air collecting area can be conveniently formed in the center of the upper end surface of the base, and meanwhile, the sunk groove and the external space in the center of the sample test area are communicated by matching with the ventilation water channel II arranged in the base, so that the corrosive solution or air flow entering the sunk groove can be conveniently and rapidly discharged to the outside. The annular loading area and the external space are communicated through the oil passage II arranged in the base, so that hydraulic oil can be conveniently injected into the confining pressure loading cavity through the annular loading area, and then the confining pressure loading of the hollow concrete sample assembled in the sample test area can be conveniently carried out. Through having seted up big footpath section counter bore in the upper portion center of lower pressure head, can provide accommodation space for the wet circulation outer tube of doing under the fold-down state on the one hand, and then can avoid producing the interference to the quick air-jet operation of wet circulation inner tube of doing because of the existence of wet circulation outer tube of doing in the dry circulation in-process, be favorable to directly utilizing the big hole on the wet circulation inner tube of doing to carry out quick air-dry processing to the sample inner wall, on the other hand can be convenient for form annular liquid collecting region in the outside of combined type circulating pipe lower extreme, owing to still offered a plurality of vertical intercommunicating pores on the annular step on the pressure head simultaneously, just so can be with the corrosive solution who participated in the experiment and the quick outside derivation of air current fast, the effect of wet circulation of doing and the high efficiency of test process have been effectively ensured. Because in the corrosion test process of the sample by utilizing the sulfate corrosion solution, if ventilation and drying are not timely or liquid drainage is not timely, sulfate crystals are remained on the inner side wall of the sample, and the crystals can be accumulated between the inner wall of the sample and the composite circulating pipe in a large quantity after repeated dry and wet circulation, so that the corrosion effect of the sample in the subsequent dry and wet circulation test process is easily affected, the test accuracy and the whole test effect can be reduced, and the timeliness of the air drying and liquid drainage process can be effectively ensured by matching the vertical through hole on the upper center large-diameter section counter bore of the lower pressure head and the vertical through hole on the annular step with the sinking groove in the center of the base, and further the condition that the crystals remain on the sample can be effectively avoided.
The annular connecting table on the piston is matched with the oiling cylinder in a sliding sealing way, so that the sealing performance of the confining pressure loading cavity can be effectively ensured in the axial loading process, and meanwhile, the matching mode can ensure that the dry-wet cycle test unit has errors in the preparation height of the sample or can effectively ensure the smooth proceeding of the test process when the dry-wet cycle corrosion test is carried out on the samples with different heights. A ventilation water passage I communicated with the center of the lower end and an external space is formed in the main plug body on the piston, meanwhile, a small-diameter section liquid passing hole and a large-diameter section mounting hole which are communicated are formed in the axis of the upper pressure head, so that external corrosive solution and air flow can be conveniently injected into a composite circulating pipe arranged in the large-diameter section mounting hole, and further, the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample sleeved outside the composite circulating pipe can be conveniently subjected to corrosion test and air drying treatment. The first vertical channel is eccentrically arranged on the main plug body on the piston, and the second vertical channel is eccentrically arranged on the upper pressure head, so that the outer tube control rod can conveniently extend into the confining pressure loading cavity through the first vertical channel and the second vertical channel after being communicated. Because the outer tube control rod is hollow structure, can draw forth the signal line of installing at the inside sensor of confining pressure loading chamber through the inner chamber of outer tube control rod to be located outside data acquisition appearance and can acquire test data in real time. Meanwhile, the signal wires are led out from the inner cavity of the outer tube control rod in a concentrated manner, so that the overall tightness is not affected, the inner cavity of the outer tube control rod can be conveniently subjected to sealing treatment after being subjected to wire passing, and the sealing performance of the confining pressure loading cavity is further improved.
The main section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe inside the composite circulation pipe is provided with large holes, and meanwhile, the pipe body of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe is provided with small holes, so that when the pressurized corrosion solution is sprayed out from the small holes on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe to the outside after passing through the large holes on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe, spray liquid with good atomization effect can be formed, and the corrosion process of the corrosive solution of a shaft can be better simulated. Through at the upper end externally mounted connection platform of wet circulation outer tube, simultaneously, fixed cartridge in the body of rod mounting hole on connection bench with the lower extreme of outer tube control lever, on the one hand can realize the fixed of outer tube control lever, on the other hand, can drive wet circulation outer tube in the vertical whole removal of doing through outer tube control lever, thereby can be convenient for realize the assembly and the separation operation between wet circulation outer tube and the wet circulation inner tube of doing fast, finally, because wet circulation outer tube is collapsible structure, can also make outer tube compression spring hook compress and with interior pipe draw-in groove quick separation through the mode of pulling up earlier, rotatory, the repressing again, then adopt the control outer tube control lever to fold down the big hole of making wet circulation outer tube and wet circulation inner tube separation mode of doing so that dry in the wet circulation inner tube main part section, so that can spout the dry sample inner wall fast in the dry circulation, simultaneously, also can be convenient for with dry wet circulation outer tube expansion completely through the mode of pull-up outer tube control lever, thereby can satisfy different experimental demands, the flexibility has been improved effectively.
The hydraulic quick connector I, the energy accumulator and the hydraulic quick connector II are sequentially arranged between the hydraulic pump and the first inlet end of the three-way valve II, so that connection of a confining pressure part pipeline can be established in a quick plugging mode, and meanwhile, the energy accumulator can be utilized to perform pressure stabilization treatment on hydraulic oil entering the three-way valve II, so that the hydraulic oil output to the first inlet end of the three-way valve II can be more stable, and stability of a confining pressure loading process can be guaranteed. The outlet end of the three-way valve II is communicated with the confining pressure loading cavity through a three-way pipeline and the oil passage II, and the second inlet end of the three-way valve II is communicated with the confining pressure loading cavity through the hydraulic quick connector III and the oil passage I, so that hydraulic oil at the first inlet end of the three-way valve II can be injected into the confining pressure loading cavity and continuously accumulated in the confining pressure loading cavity, after the confining pressure loading cavity is filled, the hydraulic oil overflowed from the confining pressure loading cavity flows out from the oil passage I and is output to the second inlet end of the three-way valve II through the hydraulic quick connector III, and then is converged with the hydraulic oil entering from the first inlet end in the three-way valve II, and the confining pressure loading operation can be jointly realized after the hydraulic oil is converged; and an overflow valve is arranged between the outlet end of the three-way pipeline and the hydraulic oil tank, so that the constant pressure of the interior of the confining pressure loading cavity can be ensured in the loading process of hydraulic oil, when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity exceeds the set pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve is opened, part of hydraulic oil is led into the hydraulic oil tank, and when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity is smaller than or equal to the set pressure of the overflow valve, the overflow valve is closed so as to effectively maintain the constant state of the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity. The working oil port of the energy accumulator is connected with a first pressure gauge, so that the pressure state of the energy accumulator can be displayed in real time. The second pressure gauge is arranged at the first inlet end side of the second three-way valve, so that the pressure at the first inlet end side of the second three-way valve can be conveniently detected and displayed in real time. The pressure gauge III is arranged at the second inlet end side of the three-way valve II, so that the pressure of the second inlet end side of the three-way valve II can be detected and displayed in real time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity can be displayed in the field, whether the pressure in the circulating confining pressure loading process is stable or not can be further judged, and further the accuracy of the test can be guaranteed. The hydraulic quick connector IV is connected in series between the liquid pump and the first inlet end of the three-way valve, so that the establishment of a pipeline connection state between the liquid pump and the three-way valve can be realized quickly, and meanwhile, the connection state can be separated conveniently, so that the corrosive solution can be extracted conveniently, conveyed into the inner cavity of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe through the first ventilation water passage and the small-diameter section liquid passing hole, and then sprayed out sequentially from the large hole on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe and the small hole on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe to form spray liquid with good atomization effect and sprayed onto the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample to realize the corrosion process of the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample. Through connecting the air-blower in second entrance point one side of three way valve one, can be when the hollow concrete sample is dried to needs, be convenient for utilize the air-blower to supply high-speed air current to the dry and wet circulation inner tube in, the high-speed air current of entering spouts the hollow concrete sample fast through the big hole on the dry and wet circulation inner tube, forms the air that flows at a high speed at the internal surface of hollow concrete sample, and then can realize the drying treatment to hollow concrete sample fast. The outlet end A of the ventilation water channel II is respectively connected with the vacuumizing pump and the external discharge pipeline through the connecting electromagnetic directional valve, so that the communication state between the ventilation water channel II and the vacuumizing pump or between the ventilation water channel II and the external discharge pipeline can be conveniently switched, when the corrosion test is carried out on the hollow concrete sample by using the corrosion solution in a spraying way, on one hand, the corrosion solution sprayed onto the hollow concrete sample can be timely discharged by using the external discharge pipeline in the communication state, on the other hand, when the flow speed of the corrosion solution discharged outwards is slower or when the corrosion solution cannot be normally discharged outwards due to blockage, the negative pressure of the vacuumizing pump is used for acting on the ventilation water channel II, so as to effectively ensure timely discharge of the corrosion solution, thus avoiding influence on the concentration and PH value of the corrosion solution which is newly input subsequently because the waste liquid of the corrosion solution cannot be discharged in time, and further effectively ensuring the test precision. Through the arrangement of the flow meter IV, the flow data entering the ventilation water channel I can be detected and displayed in real time; through the setting of the flow velocity meter five, the flow data of the ventilation water channel two can be conveniently detected and displayed in real time, and whether the situation of blockage occurs in the process of discharging the fluid can be judged. The strain sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample, so that the internal wind force during ventilation drying and the strain change of the inner wall of the hollow concrete sample under the wet circulation condition can be conveniently measured, and the performance change rule of the concrete after corrosion under the dry and wet circulation can be effectively obtained. The PH detection sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample, so that PH value data of the internal corrosion solution in the test process can be conveniently obtained through PH change signals acquired by the PH detection sensor when spraying corrosion. Therefore, through real-time monitoring of various parameters in the test process, the dry-wet circulation effect can be effectively ensured to meet the test requirement.
In the invention, the axial pressure applied to the sample can be provided by a lever-type consolidation instrument matched with a load sensor, and when the axial pressure is applied, the vertical load acting on the piston can be transmitted to the sample through an upper pressure head. The confining pressure applied to the sample can be provided by the confining pressure pressurizing unit, and the stability of confining pressure in the sample process can be effectively ensured by a constant pressurizing mode. The corrosion process in the wet environment to which the test specimen is subjected may be provided by a hydraulic pressurizing unit. The corrosion process in the dry environment to which the test specimen is subjected may be provided by a forced air drying unit. Because the water pressure pressurizing unit and the air blast drying unit are communicated with the inner cavity of the composite circulating pipe through the same three-way valve I, the working condition environment of the inner edge of the air shaft wall corroded under the dry and wet circulating condition can be truly simulated through the mode of circularly controlling the water pressure pressurizing unit and the air blast drying unit. The invention improves the prior test device for researching the dry-wet cycle corrosion of the inner edge of the concrete sample under the condition of lacking high ground stress and the embarrassment that the prior dry-wet cycle test device has poor effect, effectively solves the technical defects that the prior dry-wet cycle test device can not provide the pressurization and voltage stabilization for simulating the high ground stress, has poor dry-wet cycle effect and is not suitable for the working condition of the wind shaft, can effectively simulate the process that the sample is corroded by the long-term dry-wet cycle of the corrosive solution under the confining pressure and the shaft pressure, and is beneficial to the deep research on the problem that the inner edge of the wind shaft is corroded by the long-term ventilation and the exhaust of the interior to form water vapor containing corrosive ions and the dry-wet cycle of rainwater.
The invention also provides a test method for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind well under the dry-wet circulation condition, which adopts a test system for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind well under the dry-wet circulation condition and comprises the following steps:
Step one: firstly, a hollow concrete sample 9 to be tested is assembled between a lower pressure head 5 and an upper pressure head 2, then a heat shrinkage pipe 10 is coaxially sleeved outside the hollow concrete sample 9, the upper end and the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe 10 are heated by a heat gun, the upper end of the heat shrinkage pipe 10 is hermetically sleeved outside the upper pressure head 2 after heat shrinkage, the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe is hermetically sleeved outside the lower pressure head 5 after heat shrinkage, then, the assembly operation of a dry-wet cycle test unit is completed, and the connection among a confining pressure pressurizing unit, a hydraulic pressure pressurizing unit, an air blast drying unit and the dry-wet cycle test unit is established;
Step two: the set axial pressure is loaded on the main plug body 57 of the piston 1 by utilizing a lever-type consolidation apparatus matched with a load sensor and is further transmitted to the upper end of the hollow concrete sample 9, and meanwhile, the sealing ring four in the annular groove four 70 on the upper pressure head 2 is pressed downwards by utilizing the action of the axial pressure on the lower end surface of the main plug body 57, so that good sealing fit is formed between the upper pressure head 2 and the main plug body 57;
Then, firstly closing the valve at the side of the second inlet end of the three-way valve II 40, opening the valve at the side of the first inlet end of the three-way valve II 40, and setting the opening pressure of the overflow valve 49 as the confining pressure required by the test; starting the hydraulic pump 47 to start working, pumping out the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 53 by using the hydraulic pump 47, outputting the hydraulic oil to the accumulator 43 through the first hydraulic quick connector 46, conveying the hydraulic oil to the first inlet end of the second three-way valve 40 through the second hydraulic quick connector 42 after the pressure stabilizing effect of the accumulator 43, conveying the hydraulic oil to the first interface end of the three-way pipeline 72 through the outlet end of the second three-way valve 40, conveying the hydraulic oil to the inlet end A of the second oil passage 26 through the second interface end of the three-way pipeline 72, and further entering the confining pressure loading cavity 68 for continuous accumulation; after the oil passage I14 is observed that the hydraulic oil is full of the confining pressure loading cavity 68, the valve at one side of the second inlet end of the three-way valve II 40 is opened, and then the threaded joint 74 is inserted into the oil passage I14 through threaded fit, so that the hydraulic oil overflowed from the confining pressure loading cavity 68 is conveyed to the second inlet end of the three-way valve II 40 through the hydraulic quick joint III 44 and is converged with the hydraulic oil entering from the first inlet end to jointly maintain the constant state of the internal pressure of the confining pressure loading cavity 68;
In the process, the pressure signal A of the accumulator 43 is collected in real time by utilizing the first pressure gauge 45, the pressure signal B at one side of the first inlet end of the three-way valve II 40 is collected in real time by utilizing the second pressure gauge 41, and the pressure signal C at one side of the second inlet end of the three-way valve II 40 is collected in real time by utilizing the third pressure gauge 39; maintaining the constant internal confining pressure of the confining pressure loading cavity 68 by using the overflow valve 49, when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity 68 exceeds the confining pressure required by the test, automatically opening the overflow valve 49 to discharge part of hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil tank 53, and when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity 68 is less than or equal to the confining pressure required by the test, automatically closing the overflow valve 49 to ensure the confining pressure required by the test;
Step three: the electromagnetic directional valve 37 is electrified to work at the right position, so that the P port and the A port of the electromagnetic directional valve 37 are in a communicated state;
Step four: firstly closing a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve I33, opening a valve at one side of a first inlet end of the three-way valve I33, starting the liquid pump 28 to start working, pumping out the corrosive solution in the corrosion-resistant water tank 54 by using the liquid pump 28, conveying the corrosive solution to the first inlet end of the three-way valve I33 through a hydraulic quick connector IV 29, conveying the corrosive solution to an inlet end C of a ventilation water channel I11 through an outlet end of the three-way valve I33, flowing through the ventilation water channel I11 and a small-diameter section liquid passing hole 13, entering an inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, spraying the corrosive solution into the inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 through a plurality of large holes 65 on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, spraying the corrosive solution uniformly to the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample 9 after atomizing the plurality of small holes 66 on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4, and continuously eroding the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample 9; meanwhile, the large-diameter section counter bore 20 is utilized to collect the corrosive solution flowing down from the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample 9 in real time, the corrosive solution is discharged into the sinking groove 24 through the vertical communication hole 25, and finally, the corrosive solution is discharged through the ventilation water channel II 23, the communication pipeline II and the electromagnetic directional valve 37 and is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipeline 75;
In the process, a flow rate signal A at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve I33 is collected in real time by using a flow rate meter IV 30, and a flow rate signal B at an outlet end A of a ventilation water channel II 23 is collected in real time by using a flow rate meter V35;
after the process is continued for the set time A, the liquid pump 28 is stopped to stop the erosion process;
Step five: firstly closing a valve at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve I33, opening a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve I33, simultaneously pressing down an outer pipe control rod 8 to enable a dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 to fold downwards and shrink, starting a blower 31 to start working, compressing air through the blower 31 to form high-speed air flow, conveying the high-speed air flow to a drying pipeline 56, drying the high-speed air flow by the drying pipeline 56, supplying the high-speed air flow to the second inlet end of the three-way valve I33, conveying the high-speed air flow to an inlet end C of a ventilation water channel I11 through an outlet end of the three-way valve I33, flowing through the ventilation water channel I11 and a small-diameter section through liquid hole 13, entering an inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, uniformly and rapidly spraying a plurality of large holes 65 on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3 to the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample 9, and rapidly drying the inner wall of the hollow concrete sample 9 subjected to corrosion spraying; in the process, air after air drying sequentially flows through the large-diameter section counter bore 20, the vertical communication hole 25, the sinking groove 24 and the ventilation water passage II 23 to enter the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 37, and then is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipeline 75;
after the process is continued for the set time B, the blower 31 is stopped to stop the air drying process;
Step six: the fourth step and the fifth step are executed in a circulating way to carry out a dry-wet circulating test, in the whole test process, stress change signals of the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample 9 are collected in real time by utilizing a strain sensor and are sent to a data collection instrument 38 in real time, PH change signals of the corrosion solution sprayed to the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample 9 are collected in real time by utilizing a PH detection sensor and are sent to the data collection instrument 38 in real time, and stress change data of the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample 9 and PH change data of the corrosion solution are obtained and recorded by utilizing the data collection instrument 38; ending the set of test procedures after the cycle reaches the set test times;
Step seven: the hydraulic pump 47 is turned off to minimize the opening pressure of the relief valve 49, and the hydraulic oil in the confining pressure loading chamber 68 is returned to the hydraulic oil tank 53 through the three-way pipe 72 and the relief valve 49 so as to be recycled in the next set of tests.
In order to avoid the influence on the concentration and the PH value of the newly input corrosive solution caused by the incapability of timely discharging the corrosive solution waste liquid, and further reduce the simulation effect, in the fourth step, when the flow rate of the outlet end A of the ventilation water channel II 23 is far lower than the set flow rate value, the electromagnetic directional valve 37 is controlled to be electrically operated at the left position, the vacuumizing pump 55 is started to start to work, the vacuumizing pump 55 is utilized to provide negative pressure for the port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 37, and the negative pressure acts on the ventilation water channel II 23 through the port P, so that the corrosive solution which flows slowly or cannot normally flow out due to blockage is pumped out to the outside.
Preferably, since the water vapor is discharged after the etching solution on the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample 9 is dried during the dry and wet cycle test, a large amount of anhydrous sulfate is crystallized and attached to the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample 9. If the cleaning is not performed in time, the subsequent dry-wet circulation effect is affected, so that the inner side walls of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe 3, the dry-wet circulation outer pipe 4 and the hollow concrete sample 9 need to be cleaned regularly.
The method has simple operation process and ideal simulation effect, fully considers the actual conditions of the sample under stable high ground stress and in a dry-wet circulation state in the process of simulating the corrosion of the shaft by the corrosion solution, can help to acquire real test data more accurately, can help to research the change rule of the sulfate after corrosion under the dry-wet circulation of the well wall concrete truly, and provides reliable reference basis for the safety evaluation of the shaft of the wind well.
Claims (10)
1. The test system for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the air shaft under the dry and wet circulation condition comprises a dry and wet circulation test unit, a confining pressure pressurizing unit, a water pressure pressurizing unit and a blast drying unit, and is characterized by further comprising a test data acquisition unit;
The dry-wet circulation test unit consists of a base (6), an oiling cylinder (7), a composite circulation pipe, a lower pressure head (5), a hollow concrete sample (9), an upper pressure head (2), a piston (1), an outer pipe control rod (8) and a heat shrinkage pipe (10);
The base (6) is horizontally arranged, the central area of the upper end face of the base is a sample test area (61), the peripheral edge part of the upper end face of the base is an annular assembly area (62), and the part of the upper end face between the sample test area (61) and the annular assembly area (62) is an annular loading area (63); a ventilation water passage II (23) and an oil passage II (26) are respectively arranged at two opposite sides inside the base (6); one end of the ventilation water passage II (23) extends to the end face of the side edge of the base (6) and is used as an outlet end A, and the other end of the ventilation water passage II (23) extends into the sinking groove (24) and is used as an inlet end A; one end of the oil passage II (26) extends to the end face of the side edge of the base (6) and is used as an inlet end B, and the other end of the oil passage II (26) extends to the annular loading area (63) and is used as an outlet end B; a sinking groove (24) is formed in the central area of the sample test area (61);
The oiling cylinder body (7) is vertically arranged above the base (6), and the size of the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder body is matched with the size of the annular assembly area (62); the lower opening end of the oiling cylinder body (7) is fixedly connected to the annular assembly area (62), and meanwhile, the lower opening end and the annular assembly area are in sealing fit;
The size of the lower pressure head (5) is matched with the size of the sample test area (61), the upper section and the lower section of the axle center part of the lower pressure head are respectively provided with a large-diameter section counter bore (20) and a small-diameter section mounting hole (50), the large-diameter section counter bore (20) and the small-diameter section mounting hole (50) are mutually communicated to form an axial through stepped hole, and an annular step (51) is formed at the communicating position; an internal thread structure B is arranged on the inner surface of the small-diameter section mounting hole (50); the size of the annular step (51) is matched with the size of the sinking groove (24), and a plurality of vertical communication holes (25) are formed in the annular step in a spreading manner; the lower pressure head (5) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sample test area (61) and is in sealing fit with the sample test area;
The composite circulating pipe consists of a dry-wet circulating inner pipe (3) positioned inside and a dry-wet circulating outer pipe (4) sleeved outside the dry-wet circulating inner pipe (3); the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3) consists of an upper connecting section positioned at the top, a main body section positioned in the middle and a lower connecting section positioned at the bottom, the outer surface of the upper connecting section is of a smooth structure, a plurality of large holes (65) are uniformly formed in the main body section all over the pipe body, an external thread structure B is arranged on the outer side of the lower connecting section, and the lower connecting section is fixedly assembled in a small-diameter section mounting hole (50) on the lower pressure head (5) through threaded fit between the external thread structure B and the internal thread structure B; the dry-wet circulation outer tube (4) is of a foldable tube body structure, the dry-wet circulation outer tube (4) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the dry-wet circulation inner tube (3), the upper end of the dry-wet circulation outer tube is tightly contacted with the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner tube (3), the lower end of the dry-wet circulation outer tube is fixedly connected with the lower part of the main body section of the dry-wet circulation inner tube (3), a plurality of small holes (66) are formed in the tube body of the dry-wet circulation outer tube (4), a connecting table (16) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper end of the dry-wet circulation outer tube (4), and a vertical rod body mounting hole (64) is formed in the end part of the connecting table (16);
The outer diameter of the hollow concrete sample (9) is matched with the outer diameter of the sample test area (61), the hollow concrete sample is coaxially sleeved outside the composite circulating pipe, the lower end face of the hollow concrete sample is abutted on the upper end face of the lower pressure head (5), and the upper end face of the hollow concrete sample is abutted on the lower end face of the upper pressure head (2) and is higher than the main body section of the composite circulating pipe;
The size of the upper pressure head (2) is matched with the size of the lower pressure head (5), the upper section and the lower section of the axle center part of the upper pressure head are respectively provided with a small-diameter section liquid passing hole (13) and a large-diameter section mounting hole (52), and the small-diameter section liquid passing hole (13) and the large-diameter section mounting hole (52) are mutually communicated to form an axial through stepped hole; the size of the large-diameter section mounting hole (52) is matched with the size of the connecting section on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3), a plurality of annular grooves five (71) are formed in the inner surface of the large-diameter section mounting hole in the vertical direction, and a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings are correspondingly assembled in the plurality of annular grooves five (71); a vertical channel II (60) is formed on the upper pressure head (2) deviating from the axis; the upper pressure head (2) is coaxially sleeved outside the upper connecting section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3) through a large-diameter section mounting hole (52), and is in sliding sealing fit with the upper connecting section of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3) through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings;
The piston (1) consists of a main plug body (57) positioned at the center and an annular connecting table (58) coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the main plug body (57), the size of the main plug body (57) is matched with the size of an upper pressing head (2), a ventilation water passage I (11) and a vertical passage I (12) are formed in the main plug body at intervals, one end of the ventilation water passage I (11) extends to the axis of the lower end face of the main plug body (57) and serves as an outlet end C, the other end of the ventilation water passage I extends to the side face of the main plug body (57) and serves as an inlet end C, the vertical passage I (12) is eccentrically arranged and vertically penetrates through the main plug body (57), the outer diameter of the annular connecting table (58) is matched with the inner diameter of the upper opening end of the oiling cylinder (7), an oil passage I (14) is vertically and internally provided with an internal thread structure A; the piston (1) is arranged in the upper space of the inner cavity of the oiling cylinder body (7), the outer edge surface of the annular connecting table (58) is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the oiling cylinder body (7), the lower end surface axial pair Ji Deya of the main plug body (57) is connected to the upper end surface of the upper pressure head (2), meanwhile, the lower end of the first vertical channel (12) is communicated with the upper end of the second vertical channel (60), and the outlet end C of the first ventilation water channel (11) is communicated with the upper end of the small-diameter section liquid passing hole (13) on the upper pressure head (2);
the outer tube control rod (8) is a hollow rod body, and the lower end of the outer tube control rod sequentially penetrates through the first vertical channel (12) and the second vertical channel (60) and is fixedly inserted into a rod body mounting hole (64) on the connecting table (16);
The heat shrinkage pipe (10) is coaxially sleeved outside the hollow concrete sample (9), the upper end of the heat shrinkage pipe is hermetically sleeved outside the upper pressure head (2), and the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe is hermetically sleeved outside the lower pressure head (5); meanwhile, an annular confining pressure loading cavity (68) is formed among the piston (1), the upper pressure head (2), the heat shrinkage tube (10), the lower pressure head (5), the oiling cylinder (7) and the base (6);
The confining pressure pressurizing unit consists of a hydraulic oil tank (53), a hydraulic pump (47), a first hydraulic quick connector (46), an energy accumulator (43), a second three-way valve (40), a second hydraulic quick connector (42), a third hydraulic quick connector (44), a three-way pipeline (72), an overflow valve (49), a first pressure gauge (45), a second pressure gauge (41) and a third pressure gauge (39); an oil suction port of the hydraulic pump (47) is connected with a hydraulic oil tank (53), an oil discharge port of the hydraulic pump is connected with a working port of the energy accumulator (43) through a first hydraulic quick connector (46), the working port of the energy accumulator (43) is connected with a first inlet end of a second three-way valve (40) through a second hydraulic quick connector (42), an outlet end of the second three-way valve (40) is connected with a first interface end of a three-way pipeline (72), a second inlet end of the second three-way valve (40) is connected with a threaded connector (74) through a third hydraulic quick connector (44), and an external threaded structure A on the threaded connector (74) is matched with an internal threaded structure A in the first oil passage (14); the second interface end of the three-way pipeline (72) is connected with the inlet end A of the oil passage II (26), and the third interface end of the three-way pipeline (72) is connected with the hydraulic oil tank (53) through the overflow valve (49); the first pressure gauge (45) is connected with a working oil port of the energy accumulator (43), the second pressure gauge (41) is connected with a first inlet end of the second three-way valve (40), and the third pressure gauge (39) is connected with a second inlet end of the second three-way valve (40);
The hydraulic pressurizing unit consists of a corrosion-resistant water tank (54), a liquid drawing pump (28), a hydraulic quick connector IV (29), a flow rate meter IV (30), a three-way valve I (33), a vacuum pump (55), a hydraulic quick connector V (36), an electromagnetic reversing valve (37), a flow rate meter V (35) and a combination, wherein a liquid drawing port of the liquid drawing pump (28) is connected with the corrosion-resistant water tank (54), a liquid discharging port of the liquid drawing pump is sequentially connected with a first inlet end of the three-way valve I (33) through the hydraulic quick connector IV (29) and the flow rate meter IV (30), and an outlet end of the three-way valve I (33) is connected with an inlet end B of a ventilation and water passage I (11); the vacuumizing pump (55) is connected with a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve (37) through a hydraulic quick connector five (36), a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve (37) is connected with an outlet end A of the ventilation water passage two (23) through a flow rate meter five (35), and a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve (37) is connected with an outer exhaust pipeline (75);
The blast drying unit mainly comprises a blast blower (31) and a drying pipeline (56), wherein an air outlet of the blast blower (31) is connected with a second inlet end of a first three-way valve (33) through the drying pipeline (56);
The test data acquisition unit consists of a data acquisition instrument (38), a strain sensor and a PH detection sensor; the strain sensor and the PH detection sensor are attached to the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample (9), and the signal wires connected with the strain sensor and the PH detection sensor extend to the outer part of the upper end of the main plug body (57) through the inner cavity of the outer pipe control rod (8) and are connected with the data acquisition instrument (38).
2. The system for testing corrosion of a concrete well wall of an air shaft under dry and wet cycle conditions according to claim 1, wherein the forced air drying unit further comprises a timer (32), and the timer (32) is connected in series in an air supply pipeline.
3. The test system for corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind well under dry and wet circulation conditions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a filter element II (48) is connected in series on an oil inlet pipeline between a hydraulic pump (47) and a hydraulic oil tank (53), the filter element II (48) is positioned on an oil suction port side of the hydraulic pump (47), a filter element I (27) is connected in series on a liquid inlet pipeline between a liquid suction pump (28) and a corrosion-resistant water tank (54), and the filter element I (27) is positioned on the liquid suction port side of the liquid suction pump (28).
4. A test system for corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind shaft under a dry and wet circulation condition according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of annular grooves I (59) are formed in the outer edge surface of an annular connecting table (58) on the piston (1), a sealing ring I (15) is arranged in each annular groove I (59), and the annular connecting table (58) on the piston (1) is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the oiling cylinder (7) through the sealing ring I (15).
5. The test system for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind shaft under the dry and wet circulation condition according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of threaded holes A (22) are uniformly formed in the annular assembly area (62) of the base (6) in an annular manner, a plurality of positioning columns (21) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular assembly area (62) of the base (6) in a staggered manner in the area where the plurality of threaded holes A (22) are located, a plurality of annular grooves II (17) are formed in the upper end of the annular assembly area (62) of the base (6) in the inner side of the plurality of threaded holes A (22) in a coaxial manner, and a sealing ring II (34) is assembled in each annular groove II (17);
The lower end face of the oiling cylinder body (7) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes corresponding to a plurality of positioning columns (21), and a plurality of threaded holes B are formed in positions corresponding to a plurality of threaded holes A (22); the plurality of locating holes of oiling barrel (7) lower extreme suit is on a plurality of reference columns (21), and through wearing to locate a plurality of screw holes A (22) and a plurality of connecting bolt and base (6) fixed connection in a plurality of screw holes B, and seal cooperation between the up end of sealing washer two (34) and base (6) is passed through to the lower terminal surface of oiling barrel (7).
6. The test system for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind shaft under the dry and wet circulation condition according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of inner pipe clamping grooves (18) are formed in the lower end of the main body section of the dry and wet circulation inner pipe (3) in a circumferential direction, a plurality of outer pipe compression spring hooks (19) are fixedly connected to the inside of the lower end of the dry and wet circulation outer pipe (4) corresponding to the plurality of inner pipe clamping grooves (18), and the plurality of outer pipe compression spring hooks (19) are hooked in the plurality of inner pipe clamping grooves (18) to fixedly connect the lower end of the dry and wet circulation outer pipe (4) with the lower end of the main body section of the dry and wet circulation inner pipe (3).
7. The test system for corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind shaft under a dry and wet circulating condition according to claim 6, wherein the upper end of the small-diameter section liquid passing hole (13) is provided with a buffering expansion hole (67) coaxially towards the outside, and the size of the buffering expansion hole (67) is larger than that of the outlet end C of the ventilation water passage I (11).
8. The system for testing corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind well under dry and wet circulation conditions according to claim 7, further comprising a controller, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the hydraulic pump (47), the liquid pumping pump (28), the electromagnetic directional valve (37) and the blower (31).
9. A method for testing corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind well under dry-wet cycle conditions, which adopts the test system for corrosion of the concrete well wall of the wind well under dry-wet cycle conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one: firstly, assembling a hollow concrete sample (9) to be tested between a lower pressure head (5) and an upper pressure head (2), coaxially sleeving a heat shrinkage pipe (10) on the outer part of the hollow concrete sample (9), heating the upper end and the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe (10) by using a hot air gun, enabling the upper end of the heat shrinkage pipe (10) to be hermetically sleeved on the outer part of the upper pressure head (2) after heat shrinkage, enabling the lower end of the heat shrinkage pipe to be hermetically sleeved on the outer part of the lower pressure head (5) after heat shrinkage, then completing the assembling operation of a dry-wet cycle test unit, and establishing connection among a confining pressure pressurizing unit, a hydraulic pressure pressurizing unit, a blast drying unit and the dry-wet cycle test unit;
Step two: the set axial pressure is loaded on a main plug body (57) of the piston (1) by utilizing a lever-type consolidation apparatus matched with a load sensor and is further transmitted to the upper end of a hollow concrete sample (9), and meanwhile, the sealing ring in an upper annular groove IV (70) of an upper pressure head (2) is tightly pressed downwards by utilizing the action of the axial pressure on the lower end surface of the main plug body (57), so that good sealing fit is formed between the upper pressure head (2) and the main plug body (57);
Then, firstly closing a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve II (40), opening a valve at one side of a first inlet end of the three-way valve II (40), and setting the opening pressure of an overflow valve (49) as the confining pressure required by the test; starting the hydraulic pump (47) to work, pumping out the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank (53) by using the hydraulic pump (47), outputting the hydraulic oil to the energy accumulator (43) through the first hydraulic quick connector (46), conveying the hydraulic oil to the first inlet end of the second three-way valve (40) through the second hydraulic quick connector (42) after the pressure stabilizing effect of the energy accumulator (43), conveying the hydraulic oil to the first interface end of the three-way pipeline (72) through the outlet end of the second three-way valve (40), conveying the hydraulic oil to the inlet end A of the second oil passage (26) through the second interface end of the three-way pipeline (72), and continuously accumulating the hydraulic oil in the confining pressure loading cavity (68); after the oil passage I (14) is used for observing that hydraulic oil is full of the confining pressure loading cavity (68), the valve at one side of the second inlet end of the three-way valve II (40) is opened, then the threaded joint (74) is inserted into the oil passage I (14) through threaded fit, so that hydraulic oil overflowed from the confining pressure loading cavity (68) is conveyed to the second inlet end of the three-way valve II (40) through the hydraulic quick joint III (44), and the hydraulic oil flowing into the first inlet end is converged to jointly maintain the constant state of the internal pressure of the confining pressure loading cavity (68);
In the process, a pressure signal A of an energy accumulator (43) is collected in real time by utilizing a pressure meter I (45), a pressure signal B at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve II (40) is collected in real time by utilizing a pressure meter II (41), and a pressure signal C at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve II (40) is collected in real time by utilizing a pressure meter III (39); maintaining the constant internal confining pressure of the confining pressure loading cavity (68) by utilizing the overflow valve (49), when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity (68) exceeds the confining pressure required by the test, automatically opening the overflow valve (49) to discharge part of hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil tank (53), and when the pressure in the confining pressure loading cavity (68) is less than or equal to the confining pressure required by the test, automatically closing the overflow valve (49) to ensure the confining pressure required by the test;
step three: the electromagnetic directional valve (37) is electrically operated at the right position, and the P port and the A port of the electromagnetic directional valve (37) are in a communicated state;
step four: firstly closing a valve at the second inlet end side of the three-way valve I (33), opening a valve at the first inlet end side of the three-way valve I (33), starting a liquid suction pump (28) to start working, pumping out the corrosive solution in the corrosion-resistant water tank (54) by using the liquid suction pump (28), conveying the corrosive solution to the first inlet end of the three-way valve I (33) through a hydraulic quick connector IV (29), conveying the corrosive solution to an inlet end C of a ventilation water channel I (11) through an outlet end of the three-way valve I (33), flowing through the ventilation water channel I (11) and a small-diameter section through liquid hole (13), entering an inner cavity of a dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3), spraying the corrosive solution into the inner cavity of the dry-wet circulation outer pipe (4) through a plurality of large holes (65) on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3), uniformly spraying the corrosive solution to the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample (9) after atomizing the small holes (66) on the dry-wet circulation outer pipe (4), and continuously eroding the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample (9); meanwhile, the large-diameter section counter bore (20) is utilized to collect the corrosive solution flowing down from the inner side wall of the hollow concrete sample (9) in real time, the corrosive solution is discharged into the sinking groove (24) through the vertical communication hole (25), and finally, the corrosive solution is discharged through the ventilation water channel II (23), the communication pipeline II and the electromagnetic directional valve (37) and then is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipeline (75);
in the process, a flow rate signal A at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve I (33) is acquired in real time by using a flow rate meter IV (30), and a flow rate signal B at an outlet end A of a ventilation water channel II (23) is acquired in real time by using a flow rate meter V (35);
After the process is continued for the set time A, the liquid pump (28) stops working, and the erosion process is stopped;
Step five: firstly closing a valve at one side of a first inlet end of a three-way valve I (33), opening a valve at one side of a second inlet end of the three-way valve I (33), simultaneously pressing down an outer pipe control rod (8) to enable a dry-wet circulation outer pipe (4) to fold and shrink downwards, starting a blower (31) to start working, compressing air through the blower (31) to form high-speed air flow, conveying the high-speed air flow to a drying pipeline (56), drying the high-speed air flow by the drying pipeline (56), then supplying the high-speed air flow to the second inlet end of the three-way valve I (33), conveying the high-speed air flow to an inlet end C of a ventilation water channel I (11) through an outlet end of the three-way valve I (33), flowing through the ventilation water channel I (11) and a small-diameter section through liquid holes (13) and then entering an inner cavity of the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3), and uniformly and rapidly spraying a plurality of large holes (65) on the dry-wet circulation inner pipe (3) to the inner side wall of a hollow concrete sample (9), and rapidly drying the corroded hollow concrete sample (9); in the process, air after air drying sequentially flows through the large-diameter section counter bore (20), the vertical communication hole (25), the sinking groove (24) and the ventilation water passage II (23) to enter the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve (37), and then is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipeline (75);
after the process is continued for the set time B, the air blower (31) is stopped to stop the air drying process;
Step six: the fourth step and the fifth step are executed in a circulating way to carry out a dry-wet circulating test, in the whole test process, stress change signals of the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample (9) are collected in real time by utilizing a strain sensor and sent to a data acquisition instrument (38) in real time, PH change signals of the corrosion solution sprayed on the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample (9) are collected in real time by utilizing a PH detection sensor and sent to the data acquisition instrument (38) in real time, and stress change data of the inner surface of the hollow concrete sample (9) and PH change data of the corrosion solution are obtained and recorded by utilizing the data acquisition instrument (38); ending the set of test procedures after the cycle reaches the set test times;
Step seven: the hydraulic pump (47) is closed, the opening pressure of the overflow valve (49) is regulated to the lowest, and hydraulic oil in the confining pressure loading cavity (68) flows back to the hydraulic oil tank (53) through the three-way pipeline (72) and the overflow valve (49) so as to be recycled in the next group of tests.
10. The method for testing corrosion of a concrete well wall of a wind shaft under dry and wet circulation conditions according to claim 9, wherein in the fourth step, when the flow rate of the outlet end A of the ventilation and water-passing channel II (23) is far lower than a set flow rate value, the electromagnetic directional valve (37) is controlled to be electrically operated at the left position, the vacuumizing pump (55) is started to work, negative pressure is provided for the port B of the electromagnetic directional valve (37) by the vacuumizing pump (55), and the corrosion solution which flows slowly or cannot normally flow out due to blockage is pumped out to the outside by acting on the ventilation and water-passing channel II (23) through the port P.
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| WO2018052469A2 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-22 | Brian Giles | Method of reinforced cementitious construction by high speed extrusion printing and apparatus for using same |
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| CN106759813A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-31 | 中建地下空间有限公司 | A kind of vertical shaft for deep tunnel drainage system |
| CN108693043A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of concrete for hydraulic structure Hydraulic fracturing test device, concrete for making mold and test method |
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