CN117781170A - Solid-state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer - Google Patents
Solid-state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN117781170A CN117781170A CN202311571665.3A CN202311571665A CN117781170A CN 117781170 A CN117781170 A CN 117781170A CN 202311571665 A CN202311571665 A CN 202311571665A CN 117781170 A CN117781170 A CN 117781170A
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- hydrogen
- hydrogen storage
- air interlayer
- heat exchange
- storage device
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage and release, and particularly relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage device with an air interlayer, which is mainly applied to the aspects of hydrogen storage and release. The solid-state hydrogen storage device comprises a tank body, a hydrogen pipeline and a heat exchange component; wherein the tank body comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; an air interlayer is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell; the inner shell is internally filled with alloy powder to adsorb hydrogen; a heat exchange component is arranged in the inner shell; the outer shell is provided with a quick connector communicated with the air interlayer and used for adjusting the air pressure in the air interlayer; a hydrogen pipeline made of stainless steel is arranged in the tank body. Through double-deck jar body structure, U type heat transfer part, stainless steel hydrogen pipeline and surface stainless steel wire net parcel processing with air interlayer, realize this device have high-efficient, safe and high-quality effect in the aspect of to hydrogen storage and release.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, and particularly relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage device with an air interlayer, which is mainly applied to the aspects of hydrogen storage and release.
Background
Currently, in the big background of a double-carbon target and an energy crisis, hydrogen energy is used as a green energy source, and the source is rich and the application is wide. The world disputes rise the hydrogen energy to the national strategy, and preempt the industrial development first machine and the high point. Hydrogen has the characteristics of inflammability, explosiveness, low density, easy diffusion and the like, and is very difficult to store and transport. Whether to develop efficient, safe and economical hydrogen storage technology becomes one of the key problems in realizing the commercial application of hydrogen energy. The existing hydrogen storage modes mainly comprise high-pressure gas hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, solid hydrogen storage and the like. Wherein the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is to compress hydrogen under high pressure and store the hydrogen in a high-density gaseous form; the low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage is to cool the compressed hydrogen to below 252.65 ℃ below zero and store the hydrogen in an adiabatic vacuum storage device; solid state hydrogen storage is a means of physical adsorption and chemical hydride to effect storage and transport of hydrogen. However, the energy consumption and the cost of low-temperature hydrogen storage are high, and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is unfavorable for long-distance transportation. In contrast, solid-state hydrogen storage technology has significant advantages in both transportation cost and safety, and has attracted considerable attention as a research hotspot in the field of hydrogen energy. In practical applications and studies, it is necessary to provide reaction conditions in a hydrogen storage device as a reaction site due to the accompanying pressure, composition and energy changes during the hydrogen charging and discharging process.
One of the important roles of solid-state hydrogen storage devices is to transfer heat, because metal hydrides are accompanied by intense energy release, absorption phenomena during the process of absorbing and desorbing hydrogen. The existing solid-state hydrogen storage device has the defects that the structure is complicated, the heat transfer uniformity is low, the internal temperature fluctuation is large and difficult to control, and the shell and the internal heat exchange structure are easy to break under the action of powder expansion and extrusion.
Based on this, to a novel centralized intelligent high oxygen production device, the following technical problems are to be solved:
1. the problem that the use safety performance of the hydrogen storage and release device cannot be ensured due to the fact that the internal structure of the hydrogen storage device is complex and the internal temperature and pressure fluctuation is large.
2. The design defect of the heat exchange component in the tank body causes the problem that the alloy powder in the tank body cannot be fully chemically reacted with hydrogen to generate insufficient hydrogen storage and release efficiency.
3. The traditional hydrogen pipeline is made of powder metallurgy materials, and because the powder materials are low in mechanical strength, the powder materials are easy to deform and even break to lose efficacy under the extrusion action of hydrogen storage materials in a tank body in the hydrogen storage and release process, and great potential safety hazards are caused to a solid hydrogen storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a solid state hydrogen storage device with an air sandwich.
The device comprises a tank body, a hydrogen pipeline and a heat exchange component;
the tank body comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; an air interlayer is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell;
the inner shell is internally filled with alloy powder for adsorbing hydrogen;
a heat exchange component is arranged in the inner shell;
the outer shell is provided with a quick connector communicated with the air interlayer and used for adjusting the air pressure in the air interlayer;
a hydrogen pipeline is arranged in the tank body.
On the basis of the scheme, the heat exchange component further comprises a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes;
the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are uniformly arranged at intervals in the inner shell along the circumferential direction around the axis of the inner shell.
On the basis of the scheme, further, the U-shaped heat exchange tube is internally filled with a heat conducting medium, and the temperature of the heat conducting medium is controlled by a heat conducting oil furnace outside the tank body.
On the basis of the scheme, a plurality of ribs are welded between two vertical pipes of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe and between two vertical pipes of the adjacent U-shaped heat exchange pipe;
the ribs are uniformly arranged at intervals along the height direction.
On the basis of the scheme, further, the wall thickness of the outer shell is larger than that of the inner shell.
On the basis of the scheme, further, the stainless steel wire mesh is wrapped on the outer wall of the hydrogen pipeline and used for preventing powder from entering the hydrogen pipeline.
Based on the scheme, the hydrogen pipeline is further flute-shaped and made of 316 stainless steel.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a stable and efficient generating environment for hydrogen storage and release through the structure of the hydrogen storage tank body with the air interlayer.
And (II) the U-shaped heat exchange tube adopted in the device is matched with a plurality of fin structures arranged around the U-shaped heat exchange tube, so that chemical reaction is fully carried out on hydrogen and alloy powder in the hydrogen storage and release process, and a good and full generation environment is provided for the application of the hydrogen.
And thirdly, improving the material quality of the flute-type hydrogen pipeline, and changing a porous medium pipe made of the traditional powder metallurgy material into a 316 stainless steel pipe with higher strength as a hydrogen transmission channel so as to achieve the purposes of reinforcing the hydrogen pipeline and preventing deformation and fracture.
And fourthly, the stainless steel wire mesh which is wrapped on the outer wall of the hydrogen pipeline and is larger than 200 meshes can effectively filter powder generated in the hydrogen release process of alloy powder, and impurities in hydrogen are removed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hydrogen storage device;
FIG. 2 is a heat exchange structure;
FIG. 3 is a flute type hydrogen line;
wherein, 1-valve, 2-flange, 3-hydrogen pipeline, 4-quick-operation joint, 5-heat transfer part, 6-fin, 7-jar body, 7 a-inlayer casing, 7 b-skin casing.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
as shown in figure 1, the device comprises a valve 1, a flange 2, a hydrogen pipeline 3, a quick connector 4, a heat exchange component 5, ribs 6 and a tank 7, wherein the tank 7 adopts a double-layer structure, and the bottom of the tank 7 is an elliptical end socket. The tank 7 comprises an inner shell 7a and an outer shell 7b which are coaxially arranged; an air interlayer is formed between the inner layer casing 7a and the outer layer casing 7b, and the wall thickness of the outer layer casing 7b is larger than that of the inner layer casing 7 a. As an example, the pressure in the air interlayer is kept consistent with the atmospheric pressure outside the tank 7 before hydrogen storage.
The upper part of the air interlayer is close to the top of the tank body 7, a quick connector 4 is arranged, and the quick connector 4 is a channel for connecting the air interlayer formed by the inner layer shell 7a and the outer layer shell 7b with the atmosphere outside the tank body 7 and is used for adjusting the air pressure difference between the air interlayer and the atmosphere in the tank body 7; the quick connector 4 is used for adjusting the positive and negative pressure states between the air interlayer and the atmospheric pressure outside the tank 7 according to the requirements of hydrogen storage and hydrogen release environment, and providing chemical reaction conditions for chemical reaction between the alloy powder in the inner shell 7a of the tank and the hydrogen. In addition, because the air interlayer exists in the tank body 7 and has the characteristics of double-layer shells, the air interlayer in the device also plays roles in preserving heat and increasing the strength of the tank body 7, the influence on the shells and the hydrogen pipeline 3 caused by the expansion and extrusion of powder is avoided, and the high efficiency and safety of the hydrogen storage and release process are ensured.
The lower end of the hydrogen pipeline 3 is inserted into the inner shell 7a, the upper end of the hydrogen pipeline is positioned through the flange 2 arranged at the upper end of the neck of the tank body 7, air holes are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the hydrogen pipeline 3, the diameter of each air hole is 5mm, the holes are circumferentially perforated by 2, the radial positions with 50mm intervals are rotated by 90 degrees for repeated perforation, and the circulation is performed until the hydrogen pipeline 3 inserted into the hydrogen storage tank is covered. The air holes are used for providing channels for hydrogen gas input and delivery. The upper end of the neck of the tank body 7 is welded with a flange 2 (the flange is provided with an upper flange piece and a lower flange piece, the flange is welded at the moment), a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are reserved in the middle of the flange 2 (the upper flange piece and the lower flange piece), a valve 1 is arranged at the hydrogen inlet and the outlet of the tank body 7, the valve 1 is used for controlling hydrogen to enter and exit the tank body 7, the flange 2 is provided with an upper flange piece and a lower flange piece, and the upper flange piece, the lower flange piece and a flange sealing gasket have the functions of connection and sealing. As an example, when the alloy powder is put into the tank 7, the lower flange is fixedly connected with the outlet of the tank 7, the upper flange is removed, the alloy powder is filled into the inner shell 7a, when the filled alloy powder reaches 90% of the total capacity of the inner shell 7a, the flange gasket is sleeved above the lower flange, at the same time, the upper flange is welded around the outer wall of the upper end of the hydrogen pipeline 3, the hydrogen pipeline 3 and the upper flange are welded into a whole, the welded hydrogen pipeline 3 and the upper flange are slowly inserted into the cavity of the inner shell 7a of the hydrogen storage tank 7 along with the hydrogen inlet and outlet of the tank 7, at this time, 90% of alloy powder is filled in the cavity, when the lower end surface of the upper flange is about 10cm away from the upper end surface of the lower flange, the alloy powder is added again, after the alloy powder is fully filled into the inner shell 7a, the upper flange is pressed onto the flange gasket and the lower flange, and the upper flange is connected in a sealing manner.
As an example, the particle size of the alloy powder filled in the inner shell 7a of the device is between 50 and 200 meshes, the alloy powder can generate physical change in the hydrogen storage and release processes, the volume of the alloy powder can expand by about 20%, the alloy powder forms a hard and loose porous block shape (similar to sintered coke) due to extrusion, and the alloy powder is completely solidified after the completion of multiple hydrogen absorption and release, and no powder state appears. In view of the fact that powder appears when the alloy powder reacts with hydrogen in the initial stage, in order to avoid the powder blocking the hydrogen pipeline 3 and affecting the purity of the produced hydrogen, the stainless steel wire mesh is wrapped on the outer surface of the hydrogen pipeline 3, the mesh number of the stainless steel wire mesh is larger than that of the alloy powder, and the quality of the produced hydrogen is improved (according to the basis of the powder science and the filtering technology, the unit of the powder particle size and the unit of the wire mesh aperture can be expressed by the mesh number, and the larger the mesh number is, the smaller the particle size is, and the smaller the mesh aperture is). Furthermore, the material selection of the hydrogen pipeline 3 is also free from the limitation of the traditional material, and is processed by adopting 316 stainless steel, so that the strength of the hydrogen pipeline 3 is improved, and the deformation and fracture phenomena caused by the chemical reaction of alloy powder and hydrogen are prevented.
The hydrogen inlet and outlet sides of the outer shell 7b of the tank body 7 are welded with a quick connector 4 which is used as a channel for inflating and deflating the air interlayer, so that the positive and negative pressure states between the air interlayer and the atmospheric pressure outside the tank body 7 can be conveniently adjusted.
The inner shell 7a is internally filled with alloy powder, and in addition, a heat exchange component 5 is arranged in the inner shell 7a, as shown in fig. 2, the heat exchange component 5 comprises a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes, and the plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction around the axis of the tank 7. As an example, the tube changing member 5 includes two oppositely disposed U-shaped heat exchanging tubes; red copper ribs 6 are welded between two vertical pipes of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe and between adjacent U-shaped heat exchange pipes (a plurality of layers of ribs 6 are uniformly arranged at intervals along the height direction of the U-shaped pipe), the ribs 6 are arranged at intervals up and down at equal intervals, and the interval between the adjacent upper ribs 6 and the adjacent lower ribs 6 is 20mm; the U-shaped heat exchange tube 5 is filled with heat conducting medium. As an example, the temperature of the heat-conducting medium is controlled by a heat-conducting furnace outside the tank 7, and in the process of hydrogen storage, in order to enable the hydrogen to fully react with the alloy powder to fully absorb the hydrogen, the temperature of the heat-conducting medium in the heat-exchanging component 5 needs to be controlled at 150 ℃ by the heat-conducting furnace; when the hydrogen is required to be released, the heat conduction furnace adjusts the temperature of the heat conduction medium to 310 ℃, and the U-shaped heat exchange tube and the fins in the heat exchange part 5 are used for providing sufficient and uniform heat environment for hydrogen release, and the heat conduction furnace is matched with a double-layer tank structure with an air interlayer to realize safe and efficient hydrogen storage and release.
As shown in fig. 3, the hydrogen pipeline 3 is made of 316 stainless steel, has a flute-shaped pipe structure, and has a pipe wall opening, and the outer wall of the hydrogen pipeline 3 is coated with a stainless steel wire mesh larger than 200 meshes, so that the dual functions of strengthening the pipe wall strength of the hydrogen pipeline 3 and filtering pure hydrogen of alloy powder are achieved.
Working principle:
and (3) a hydrogen charging process: firstly, 1MPa of high-pressure air is filled into an air interlayer between the inner shell 7a and the outer shell 7b, so that the heat exchange effect of the inner wall and the outer wall is improved, and the expansion resistance of the inner shell 7b is enhanced. Then hydrogen is conveyed to the inner layer shell 7a through the valve 1, the hydrogen pipeline 3 and the stainless steel wire mesh, and is contacted with alloy powder in the inner layer shell 7a to generate chemical reaction, so that a large amount of heat is released. At the moment, the heat is absorbed by the fins 6 and the heat conducting medium in the U-shaped heat exchange tube, so that the temperature in the tank body 7 is in a safe and stable state in the hydrogen charging reaction process.
And (3) a hydrogen release process: the air in the air interlayer between the inner shell 7a and the outer shell 7b is pumped to a vacuum state close to-0.1 MPa, so as to improve the heat preservation effect of the wall surface. The temperature of the heat conducting medium in the hydrogen pipeline 3 is adjusted to 310 ℃ through the heat conducting furnace, heat is fully and comprehensively transferred to the alloy powder through the pipe wall of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe and the ribs 6, and the powder absorbs a large amount of heat to generate chemical reaction to release hydrogen. For alloy powder which does not participate in hydrogen storage and hydrogen discharge chemical reaction, the particle size of the powder is smaller than 200 meshes, powder can be generated in the hydrogen release process, and a stainless steel wire mesh with the size larger than 200 meshes is arranged on a hydrogen pipeline 3 of the device, so that the fine alloy powder can be filtered, is prevented from being discharged from a tank 7 through the hydrogen pipeline 3 and a valve 1, and hydrogen impurities are eliminated.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The solid hydrogen storage device with the air interlayer is characterized by comprising a tank body (7), a hydrogen pipeline (3) and a heat exchange component (5);
wherein the tank body (7) comprises an inner shell (7 a) and an outer shell (7 b); an air interlayer is formed between the inner layer shell (7 a) and the outer layer shell (7 b);
the inner shell (7 a) is internally filled with alloy powder for adsorbing hydrogen;
a heat exchange component (5) is arranged in the inner shell (7 a);
the outer shell (7 b) is provided with a quick connector (4) communicated with the air interlayer and used for adjusting the air pressure in the air interlayer;
a hydrogen pipeline (3) is arranged in the tank body (7).
2. A solid state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchanging element (5) comprises a plurality of U-shaped heat exchanging tubes;
the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction around the axis of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes in the inner shell (7 a).
3. The solid hydrogen storage device with the air interlayer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the U-shaped heat exchange tube is internally filled with a heat conducting medium, and the temperature of the heat conducting medium is controlled by a heat conducting oil furnace outside the tank body (7).
4. A solid state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of ribs (6) are welded between two vertical pipes of the U-shaped heat exchange tube and between two vertical pipes of adjacent U-shaped heat exchange tubes;
the ribs (6) are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction.
5. A solid state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein the wall thickness of the outer shell (7 b) is greater than the wall thickness of the inner shell (7 a).
6. A solid state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein the outer wall of the hydrogen pipe (3) is wrapped with stainless steel wire mesh for preventing powder from entering the hydrogen pipe (3).
7. A solid state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen gas pipeline (3) is flute-shaped and is made of 316 stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311571665.3A CN117781170A (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Solid-state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311571665.3A CN117781170A (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Solid-state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117781170A true CN117781170A (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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ID=90384007
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311571665.3A Pending CN117781170A (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Solid-state hydrogen storage device with air interlayer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117781170A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-23 CN CN202311571665.3A patent/CN117781170A/en active Pending
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