CN117780404B - Drilling, loading and anchoring integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism and construction method - Google Patents
Drilling, loading and anchoring integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117780404B CN117780404B CN202410211015.6A CN202410211015A CN117780404B CN 117780404 B CN117780404 B CN 117780404B CN 202410211015 A CN202410211015 A CN 202410211015A CN 117780404 B CN117780404 B CN 117780404B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application provides an intelligent anchor rod mechanism integrating drilling, loading, anchoring and grouting and a construction method, comprising the following steps: the drill rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam; the rock drill is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam; the anchor rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam; the anchor rod mounting device is mounted on the telescopic propelling beam and used for driving the anchor rod to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam and performing grouting operation on the anchor rod; the telescopic propelling beam is provided with a side-shifting sliding seat matched with the rock drill, an anchor rod fiber lifting device for driving an anchor rod to move, a drill boom for pushing against a construction surface, and a telescopic driver for driving the rock drill and an anchor rod mounting device to move back and forth along the length of the telescopic propelling beam; the anti-slip device is arranged on one side of the drill boom facing the construction surface and is fixed on the construction surface through drilling positioning. The application can realize the automatic operations of drilling the anchor rod trolley, loading the anchor rod, applying prestress to the anchor rod and grouting the anchor rod, and remarkably improves the construction efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to an intelligent anchor rod mechanism integrating drilling, loading and anchoring and a construction method.
Background
The construction method for excavating the high-speed railway tunnel in China mainly comprises an open cut method, a mining method, a full face rock tunneling machine method, a shield method and the like, wherein more than 90% of domestic railway tunnels are excavated by the mining method. Mining methods are generally classified into full-section methods, step methods, and step-excavation methods. And selecting a corresponding excavation method according to the surrounding rock change condition. The rock is completely suspended and exposed after the mine method is excavated, and the primary support is the following and important working procedure after the excavation. Whether the primary support is timely and accurate will affect the life safety, construction quality and construction efficiency of operators. Primary supports typically include system anchors, steel frames, rebar meshes, and shotcrete. Wherein steelframe, reinforcing bar net and shotcrete belong to passive top layer support, and system's stock except possessing initiative support, can also go deep into inside the stratum and form tensile, shearing-resistant whole support effect jointly with the stratum. The system anchor rod mainly refers to a radial anchor rod.
Because the radial anchor rod is limited by construction equipment at present, the radial anchor rod cannot be operated according to quality and quantity according to the requirements of a design institute, the quality of the working procedure cannot be ensured, and the construction quality and efficiency of the whole tunnel are seriously affected. Such as some of the domestic improvements or simplified versions based on single arm drill jumpers. The design thought of the method accords with the construction efficiency of the domestic anchor rod. Also adopt the form of two arms, one arm is used for drilling, and one arm is artifical to carry out stock installation, improves at least one time in efficiency. But the installation of the anchor rod at least requires more than two persons to construct by means of the working platform of the anchor rod trolley.
Therefore, there is a need for an intelligent anchor rod mechanism capable of accurately positioning, suitable for anchor rod construction sites, capable of recording construction data, capable of positioning an in-tunnel operation scale, integrated with functions of drilling, anchor rod installation, grouting and the like, and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a drilling, loading, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism and a construction method, aiming at the problems that a radial anchor rod in the prior art is limited by construction equipment, the radial anchor rod cannot be operated according to quality and quantity according to the requirements of a design institute, the quality of the working procedure cannot be ensured, the construction quality and efficiency of the whole tunnel are seriously affected, and the like.
The core technology of the invention is mainly to develop a novel anchor rod mechanism integrating drilling, loading and grouting, and realize the automatic operations of drilling, loading and prestressing of an anchor rod trolley and grouting of the anchor rod.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a drilling, loading and bolting integrated intelligent bolting mechanism, comprising:
The drill rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam and is used for carrying out rock drilling and drilling operations;
The rock drill is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam and used for driving the drill rod to rotate and move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam;
the anchor rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam and used for grouting operation;
The anchor rod mounting device is mounted on the telescopic propelling beam and used for driving the anchor rod to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam and performing grouting operation on the anchor rod;
The telescopic propelling beam is provided with a side-shifting sliding seat matched with the rock drill, an anchor rod fiber lifting device for driving an anchor rod to move, a drill boom for pushing against a construction surface, and a telescopic driver for driving the rock drill and an anchor rod mounting device to move back and forth along the length of the telescopic propelling beam;
the anti-slip device is arranged on one side of the drill boom facing the construction surface and is positioned and fixed on the construction surface through drilling;
the drill rod connecting part is arranged on one side of the rock drill close to the drill rod, and is driven to rotate by a rotary motor on the rock drill, so that connection and disconnection with the drill rod and rotation of the drill rod are realized;
The anchor rod installation device comprises an anchor rod connection part connected with an anchor rod, an installation lifting driver for driving the anchor rod connection part to be in butt joint with the anchor rod, a locking driver for fixing the anchor rod, a tensioning driver for applying prestress to the anchor rod and a grouting connection port for providing grouting liquid for the anchor rod;
the side-shifting slide seat is used for driving the rock drill to move back and forth along the width direction of the telescopic propelling beam so as to disconnect and connect the anchor rod installation device.
Further, a side shifting driver is arranged on the side shifting sliding seat and used for driving the rock drill to drive the drill rod to move to one side of the drilling position and used for avoiding the operation of entering the anchor rod.
Further, the telescopic propelling beam is located at one end of the anti-slip device and is further provided with a front guide mechanism, the front guide mechanism is matched with the drill rod and used for being matched with the side-shifting driver to move the drill rod to one side of a drilling position, and the telescopic propelling beam is used for avoiding the anchor rod feeding operation of the anchor rod and guiding the drill rod.
Further, the telescopic propelling beam is provided with a middle fiber supporting device mechanism for limiting and fixing the drill rod, and the middle fiber supporting device mechanism realizes limiting and contact limiting of the drill rod through back and forth swinging and does not interfere rotation of the drill rod.
Further, the anti-slip device comprises a flexible plug which is used for pushing against a construction surface, an anti-slip drill bit which is used for positioning and drilling, a rotary motor which is used for driving the anti-slip drill bit to rotate, a drill bit base which is used for installing the anti-slip drill bit, a front end fixing seat which is used for installing the rotary motor, and a pushing spring which is arranged between the anti-slip drill bit and the front end fixing seat.
Further, the anti-slip drill bit is positioned at the center of the flexible plug and can extend into and out of a central hole of the flexible plug.
Further, a compensation telescopic oil cylinder for driving the drill boom to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam, and position compensation of the drill boom is achieved through the compensation telescopic oil cylinder.
Further, the rock drill is provided with the water inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe, cooling water is introduced through the water inlet pipe to perform drilling cooling and cleaning operations, and lubricating oil gas is introduced through the air inlet pipe to perform a lubricating effect.
Further, a pitching driver for driving the telescopic propulsion Liang Shixian to act horizontally and a spiral swinging oil cylinder for driving the telescopic propulsion beam to rotate are arranged on the telescopic propulsion beam, and the other end of the spiral swinging oil cylinder is arranged on the anchor rod trolley.
In a second aspect, the application provides a construction method of an intelligent anchor rod mechanism integrating drilling, loading, anchoring and grouting, comprising the following construction steps:
S00, adjusting the angle of the drill boom, abutting an anti-slip device on the drill boom on a construction surface, and drilling holes through the anti-slip device to be positioned on the construction surface;
starting the rock drill, and simultaneously propelling and rotationally driving a drill rod to perform impact operation;
s10, drilling after the hole is drilled;
S20, after drilling is finished, the rock drill retreats to an initial position, and the rock drill and the drill rod are moved to one side of the telescopic propelling beam through the side-shifting sliding seat so as to give out an operation space of the anchor rod;
S30, driving the anchor rod to move to a drilling position through the anchor rod fiber lifter, and aligning the hole;
s40, the anchor rod connecting part is aligned to the tail end of the anchor rod through installing a lifting driver to push the anchor rod into the anchor rod insertion hole, the anchor rod connecting part is fixedly connected with the anchor rod through a locking driver, prestress is applied to the anchor rod through a tensioning driver, and grouting operation is carried out on a grouting opening;
S50, stopping grouting after the grout overflows, retracting the tensioning driver and releasing the anchor rod by installing the locking driver;
S60, the anchor rod fiber lifter is retracted, the telescopic propelling beam is retracted to leave the construction surface, and the rock drill is retracted;
s70, circulating the steps S00-S60, and performing drilling operation of the next hole.
The main contributions and innovation points of the application are as follows: 1. compared with the prior art, the application can realize the automatic operations of drilling holes on the anchor rod trolley, loading anchor rods, applying prestress on the anchor rods and grouting the anchor rods, obviously improve the construction efficiency, obviously reduce the occupied construction sites on site and ensure the safety of personnel in place;
2. Compared with the prior art, the anti-slip device is used for positioning in a drilling mode, so that the problem that the traditional rubber plug is easy to slip is thoroughly avoided, the anchor rod can be accurately inserted into a drilled hole, and the construction efficiency is remarkably improved.
The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more thorough understanding of the other features, objects, and advantages of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an integrated drilling, anchoring and grouting intelligent rock bolt mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of an integrated drilling, anchoring and grouting intelligent rock bolt mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a drilling, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent rock bolt mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of a telescoping feed beam;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rock bolt lifter;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the anti-slip device;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 2;
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of C in fig. 2;
fig. 10 is an enlarged view of D in fig. 2;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the anchor rod installation apparatus.
In the figure, 1, a telescopic propelling beam; 2. a drill rod; 3. a rock drill; 4. a bolt; 5. an anchor rod installation device; 6. the anchor rod fiber lifter; 7. a pitch drive; 8. a spiral swing oil cylinder; 9. an anti-slip device; 11. a front guide mechanism; 12. a middle fiber supporting device mechanism; 13. a limit baffle; 14. a side-shifting slide seat; 15. a side shifting oil cylinder; 16. an anchor stock library; 17. compensating a telescopic oil cylinder; 18. a drill boom; 19. a telescopic drive; 31. a drill pipe connection; 32. a rotary motor; 51. an anchor rod connecting part; 52. installing a lifting driver; 53. a lock lever motor; 54. a lock nut motor; 55. tensioning the driver; 56. grouting connectors; 61. a supporting plate; 91. a flexible plug; 92. anti-slip drill bit; 93. a rotary motor; 94. a drill base; 95. a front end fixing seat; 96. the spring is pushed in.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with one or more embodiments of the present specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of one or more embodiments of the present description as detailed in the accompanying claims.
It should be noted that: in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding method are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described in this specification. In some other embodiments, the method may include more or fewer steps than described in this specification. Furthermore, individual steps described in this specification, in other embodiments, may be described as being split into multiple steps; while various steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.
Example 1
The application aims to provide a drilling, loading and anchoring integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism, in particular to figures 1-11, which comprises the following steps:
a drill rod 2 mounted on the telescopic push beam 1 for performing rock drilling and boring operations;
In the present embodiment, the drill rod 2 is a drilling and boring tool, the front end is fixed by a front guide mechanism 11 mounted on the telescopic push beam 1 (without affecting the rotation of the drill rod 2 and moving back and forth along the length direction of the drill rod 2 (hereinafter abbreviated as telescopic)), and the rear end is engaged with the rock drill 3 to perform drilling and boring operations on a construction surface by using the rock drill 3. The basic principle of the front guide mechanism 11 is that a drill rod 2 passes through a through hole by a rocker arm with a through hole, and then the rocker arm is driven to swing by a driving piece such as an oil cylinder, so that the drill rod 2 can be driven to move back and forth between a drilling position and a position avoiding the anchor rod 4.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the telescopic pushing beam 1 is further provided with a middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 for limiting and fixing the drill rod 2, the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 realizes limiting and contact limiting on the drill rod 2 through back and forth swinging, and does not interfere rotation and telescopic operation of the drill rod 2, wherein the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 mainly plays a role in limiting the middle part of the drill rod 2 and preventing the middle fiber supporting mechanism from shaking (because the drill rod 2 is longer and easy to shake) in the drilling and perforating process, and when the drilling reaches a certain degree, the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 can be separated from the drill rod 2 and then moves to one side. The basic principle of the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 is consistent with that of the front guide mechanism 11, and the structure that the swing arm is driven to swing by the oil cylinder is also utilized, and the difference is that the through hole of the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 can be opened and closed, namely, the structure similar to an electric clamping jaw is adopted, so that the drill rod 2 can be clamped (the rotation and the extension and the retraction of the drill rod 2 are not influenced) and released through the opening and closing operation.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, in order to enable the drill rod 2 to move to an accurate position, the travel of the front guide mechanism 11 may be limited firstly, that is, the travel of the front guide mechanism is limited to the maximum travel and the minimum travel of the oil cylinder, so that the drill rod 2 is located at the position of drilling and tapping when the oil cylinder is in the maximum travel, the oil cylinder is located at the position of avoiding the anchor rod 4 when the oil cylinder is in the minimum travel, so that an additional limit sensor is not needed, and then a mechanical limit structure, such as a limit baffle 13, is arranged at the position of avoiding the anchor rod 4 to limit the position of the drill rod 2, so as to play a role of temporary support. Of course, a sensor or software may also be used to limit the working stroke, i.e. the pivot angle, of the front guide 11.
The rock drill 3 is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam 1 and is used for driving the drill rod 2 to rotate and move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam 1; wherein, the drill rod connecting part 31 is arranged on one side of the rock drill 3 close to the drill rod 2, and the drill rod connecting part 31 is driven to rotate by a rotary motor 32 on the rock drill 3, so that the connection and disconnection with the drill rod 2 and the rotation of the drill rod 2 are realized.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the rock drill 3 is in the prior art, and is internally provided with a water pump and an air compressor, so that cooling water can be introduced through a water inlet pipe to perform drilling and cleaning operations, lubricating oil gas is introduced through an air inlet pipe to perform a lubricating function, mainly because heat is generated during drilling, water performs a cooling function, the air inlet pipe is filled with the lubricating oil gas to perform a lubricating function, and water vapor has a cleaning function. The rock drill 3 is mounted on the telescopic propelling beam 1 by means of a side-shifting carriage 14 mounted on the telescopic propelling beam 1, and the side-shifting carriage 14 drives the rock drill 3 to move the drill rod 2 to one side of the drilling position by means of a side-shifting drive, i.e. a side-shifting cylinder 15, for the operation of the rock feed bolt 4 for avoiding the rock bolt 4 (in practice in conjunction with the front guide 11), in which process it is also an object to disengage the rock drill 3 and the side-shifting carriage 14 from the rock bolt mounting device 5, so that the rock bolt mounting device 5 can be moved separately for the purpose of butt-joint with the rock bolt 4.
The rock drill 3 and the anchor rod installation device 5 can move back and forth in the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam 1, so that the operation of drilling and grouting of the anchor rod 4 can be realized.
The anchor rod 4 is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam 1 and is used for grouting operation;
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 7, the anchor rods 4 are in the prior art, the anchor rods 4 are installed on the anchor rod magazine 16 of the telescopic propelling beam 1, a plurality of anchor rods 4 can be installed on the anchor rod magazine 16, the anchor rod magazine 16 is in a plurality of disc-shaped structures, a plurality of installing holes are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction for installing the anchor rods 4, and the anchor rod magazine 16 can rotate, i.e. one anchor rod 4 can be sent to a designated position once. The designated position is a position for the anchor rod lifter 6 to grasp the anchor rod 4, the anchor rod lifter 6 mainly comprises a connecting rod structure and a driver for driving the connecting rod structure to move, such as an oil cylinder and the like, and a clamping jaw structure is arranged on the connecting rod structure and used for grasping the anchor rod 4, so that the anchor rod 4 is grasped and released (the extension and retraction of the anchor rod 4 are not influenced).
Preferably, the clamping jaw structure may be a supporting plate 61, a groove for placing the anchor rod 4 is formed on the supporting plate 61, and the supporting plate 61 can perform an action similar to up-down movement under the driving of a driver such as an oil cylinder, so that the anchor rod 4 can be lifted from below and then moved to a drilling position. The travel of this pallet 61 can also be defined by mechanical means and sensors to ensure that the bolt 4 is theoretically exactly moved to the drilling position (because of factors affecting whether the bolt 4 can be aligned with the drilling position and also the position of the telescopic pusher beam 1 itself, here by the anti-slip means 9 at the rear).
The anchor rod mounting device 5 is mounted on the telescopic propelling beam 1 and is used for driving the anchor rod 4 to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam 1 and performing grouting operation on the anchor rod 4;
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 11, the anchor rod installation apparatus 5 includes an anchor rod connection portion 51 connected to the anchor rod 4, an installation lifting driver 52 for driving the anchor rod connection portion 51 to interface with the anchor rod 4, a lock set driver for fixing with the anchor rod 4, a tension driver 55 for applying a pre-stress to the anchor rod 4, and a grout joint port 56 for providing a grout to the anchor rod 4. In practice, the lock pair driver is divided into a lock rod motor 53 and a lock nut motor 54, which are engaged to fix the anchor rod 4, and the anchor rod 4 is provided with external threads, so that the engagement and disengagement with the anchor rod 4 can be achieved by rotation. Preferably, the shank coupling portion 51 is directly above or below the shank coupling portion 31, such that only up and down movement is required to move the shank coupling portion 51 into position for abutting the shank 4, eliminating the need for complex positioning.
In actual operation, when the side-shifting slide 14 drives the rock drill 3 to move away, the front guide mechanism 11 simultaneously drives the drill rod 2 to move away, the anchor rod 4 is taken away from the anchor rod warehouse 16 by the anchor rod lifter 6 to move to a drilling position, then the anchor rod mounting device 5 moves towards the front end of the telescopic propelling beam 1 (because the anchor rod 4 is much shorter than the drill rod 2), then the lifting driver 52 is installed to drive the anchor rod connecting part 51 to descend or ascend, the tail end of the anchor rod 4 is aligned, the anchor rod 4 is inserted after alignment, namely, the anchor rod 4 is pushed to be inserted into a drilling hole, after 20cm of the anchor rod 4 is fed into the hole, the anchor rod lifter 6 is retracted, then the anchor rod 4 is pushed again, after all the anchor rod 4 is fed into the hole, the anchor rod mounting device 5 is stopped to advance, at this time, after repeated operations of locking the rod (the lock rod motor 53 is rotated in the forward direction) are performed, and then the lock nut (the lock nut 54 is rotated in the forward direction) are performed repeatedly until the lock rod is not moved, and then a prestressing force is applied by the tensioning driver 55, for example, 65KN prestressing force is applied, and grout is simultaneously injected through a grout injection port, and the grout is performed, and the lock nut is again rotated in the forward direction by the lock nut 54 until grout is stopped from the grout injection 4. At this time, the tension driver 55 is retracted a little, the lock rod motor 53 of the anchor rod installation device 5 is reversed to disengage the anchor rod 4, and after the disengagement, the anchor rod installation device 5 is lifted or lowered and is retracted.
The telescopic propelling beam 1 is provided with a side-shifting sliding seat 14 matched with the rock drill 3, an anchor rod fiber lifter 6 for driving an anchor rod 4 to move, a drill arm 18 for pressing on a construction surface, and a telescopic driver 19 for driving the rock drill 3 and an anchor rod mounting device 5 to move back and forth along the length of the telescopic propelling beam 1;
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a compensating telescopic cylinder 17 for driving the boom 18 to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam 1 is provided on the telescopic propelling beam 1, and the position compensation of the boom 18 is achieved by the compensating telescopic cylinder 17. The telescopic push beam 1 is divided into two parts, one part being a main body functioning as a guide rail and the other part being a stock house 16 for installing the anchors 4.
The main body part is of a telescopic structure, and the compensation telescopic oil cylinder 17 can drive the main body part to perform telescopic operation and telescopic compensation operation, so that a better anti-slip effect is achieved, and drilling and grouting operation of the anchor rod 4 are facilitated. The rear end of the main body portion is provided with a hydraulic propulsion motor (a telescopic driver 19) for driving the anchor rod mounting device 5 to move back and forth in the length direction of the main body through a transmission structure such as a chain (when the side-shifting slide seat 14 and the anchor rod mounting device 5 are not separated, the side-shifting slide seat 14 and the anchor rod mounting device 5 can move together, and only the anchor rod mounting device 5 can move independently after separation, so that the side-shifting slide seat 14 and the anchor rod mounting device 5 can be separated and locked, and the hydraulic propulsion motor belongs to conventional technical means and can be an electric clamping jaw and other existing structures, and the description is omitted here.
The telescopic pushing beam 1 is provided with a pitching driver 7 for driving the telescopic pushing beam 1 to realize horizontal and vertical movements and a spiral swinging oil cylinder 8 for driving the telescopic pushing beam 1 to rotate, and the other end of the spiral swinging oil cylinder 8 is arranged on the anchor rod trolley. Therefore, the horizontal and vertical states of the telescopic propulsion beam 1 can be switched, any angle between the two states can be stopped, and the spiral swinging oil cylinder 8 can drive the telescopic propulsion beam 1 to rotate.
The side-shifting slide seat 14 is used for driving the rock drill 3 to move back and forth along the width direction of the telescopic propelling beam 1 so as to disconnect and connect the anchor rod installation device 5, and a side-shifting driver (such as a side-shifting oil cylinder 15) is arranged on the side-shifting slide seat 14 and is used for driving the rock drill 3 to drive the drill rod 2 to move to one side of a drilling position and is used for avoiding the operation of the anchor rod 4 entering the anchor rod 4.
The anti-slip device 9 is arranged on one side of the drill boom 18 facing the construction surface, and is positioned and fixed on the construction surface through drilling.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the anti-slip device 9 includes a flexible head 91 for pressing against a construction surface, an anti-slip drill 92 for performing positioning drilling, a rotary motor 93 for driving the anti-slip drill 92 to rotate, a drill base 94 for mounting the anti-slip drill 92, a front end fixing seat 95 for mounting the rotary motor 93, and a push spring 96 provided between the anti-slip drill 92 and the front end fixing seat 95. The anti-slip drill 92 is located at the center of the flexible plug 91 and can be extended and retracted into and out of the center hole of the flexible plug 91.
Since the key of the anchor rod 4 to be able to be smoothly constructed is whether the anchor rod 4 can be smoothly inserted into the anchor rod 4 hole. The premise of ensuring that the rock face top at the front end of the telescopic propelling beam 1 cannot slide when the anchor rod 4 is inserted is that the telescopic propelling beam 1 is fixed relative to the rock face in the whole drilling, loading and anchoring process. Conventionally, only a rubber plug is used for buffering and is pressed on a rock surface. Because the tunnel rock surface is just blasted or just sprayed with concrete, the flatness of the position on which the telescopic propelling beam 1 is positioned can be all the same, and when the flexible rubber top head is propped against the rock surface with a large inclination angle, slippage easily occurs in the process of drilling operation. Once the sliding has occurred, the subsequent process is not performed, i.e. the anchor rod 4 cannot be installed into the hole. (it is described that the drill rod 2 is withdrawn after the anchor rod 4 is drilled, the drilling site is removed, the anchor rod 4 is sent to the drilling site, and the anchor rod 4 can be smoothly pushed in according to the angle of the drill rod 2). If the anchor rod 4 is not installed successfully, the subsequent prestressing and grouting cannot be achieved. Therefore, the anti-slip device 9 is driven by the rotary motor 93 to drill the anti-slip drill bit 92 into a rock surface, so that the problems can be solved, and meanwhile, the anti-slip effect can be further improved by matching the compensation telescopic cylinder 17 of the telescopic propelling beam 1, and the normal construction under the condition that the length of the anchor rods 4 of different surrounding rocks and different tunnel sections is different is solved.
The anchor rod trolley is in the prior art, an automobile wheel chassis is adopted to facilitate transfer and transportation, the technology is mature, the cost is controllable, diesel power is used for walking, and electric power is used for operation. The drilling, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod 4 mechanism is used as an operation arm, two arm forms are adopted, the drilling arm and the anchor rod 4 Shi Zuoping are adopted, the drilling and the anchor rod 4 installation are synchronously carried out, the drilling arm adopts a variable-size propelling beam, the drilling and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod 4 mechanism is suitable for a full section and a step method (including core soil), and the efficiency and the requirements of the full section can be met. Through the innovative application of the length-adjustable propelling guide rail, the problems of drilling and installation of the two-step/three-step and other small-space anchor rods 4 are solved, and the detachable function of the drill rod 2 is achieved.
Example two
Based on the same conception, the application also provides a construction method of the drilling, loading, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism, which comprises the following construction steps:
S00, adjusting the angle of the drill boom 18, abutting the anti-slip device 9 on the drill boom 18 on a construction surface, and drilling holes through the anti-slip device 9 to be positioned on the construction surface; starting the rock drill 3, and simultaneously propelling and rotationally driving the drill rod 2 to perform impact operation;
in the process of adjusting the drill boom 18, the compensation telescopic cylinder 17 of the telescopic propelling beam 1 can be supplemented to better fit the rock surface, and the angle adjustment of the drill boom 18 is realized through the pitching driver 7 and the spiral swinging cylinder 8.
In this embodiment, the water pump and the air compressor are required to be turned on during the rock drilling process of the rock drill 3, and because heat dissipation and lubrication are required, the water introduced from the water inlet pipe plays a role in cooling, the lubricating oil gas is introduced from the air inlet pipe, the lubricating effect is achieved, and in addition, the water and the air all have a cleaning effect. The hydraulic propulsion motor is used for driving the rock drill 3 and the anchor rod mounting device 5 to advance, the drill rod connecting part 31 enables the drill rod 2 to be inserted (namely, the drill rod 2 can be driven to rotate and can be jacked to enable the drill rod 2 to be drilled into a rock surface), the rotary motor 32 is turned on for driving the drill rod 2 to rotate, the hydraulic propulsion motor is turned on for driving the drill bit of the drill rod 2 to the rock surface to open the impact (pushing the drill rod 2 to strike back and forth), weak impact (low impact frequency and low pressure) is adopted when the rock drill 3 is used for drilling, and the strength depends on the rock drill 3.
S10, drilling after the hole is drilled;
In this embodiment, after the hole is drilled, a strong impact (high impact frequency, high pressure, e.g., 17.5 Mpa) is used to drill the hole (note rotation, impact, thrust gauge). During drilling, the drill rod 2 is long, so that the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 can support the drill rod 2 and cannot shake, and when the rock drill 3 is 50cm away from the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12, the middle fiber supporting mechanism 12 is opened and then moved to one side to avoid the rock drill 3.
S20, after drilling is finished, the rock drill 3 is retreated to an initial position, and the rock drill 3 and the drill rod 2 are moved to one side of the telescopic propelling beam 1 through the side-shifting slide seat 14 so as to leave an operation space of the anchor rod 4;
In this embodiment the rock drill 3 is stopped and retracted and removed, providing room for the subsequent grouting operation of the set bolt 4.
S30, driving the anchor rod 4 to move to a drilling position through the anchor rod fiber lifter 6, and aligning the hole;
In this embodiment, the anchor lifter 6 may simply lift the anchor 4 to a maximum stroke or software defined target distance to align the anchor 4 to the location of the borehole.
S40, the anchor rod connecting part 51 is aligned to the tail end of the anchor rod 4 through the installation of the lifting driver 52 to push the anchor rod 4 to be inserted into the hole, the anchor rod connecting part 51 is connected and fixed with the anchor rod 4 through the locking driver, and the tensioning driver 55 is used for applying prestress to the anchor rod 4 and grouting the grouting opening;
s50, stopping grouting after the grout overflows, retracting the tensioning driver 55 and releasing the anchor rod 4 by installing the locking driver;
S60, the anchor rod fiber lifter 6 retreats, the telescopic propelling beam 1 retreats away from the construction surface, and the rock drill 3 retreats;
In this embodiment this step corresponds to the return of the mechanisms to the initial position, the drill rod 2 being brought back to the initial drilling position by the front guide mechanism 11, the rock drill 3 also returning to the initial position, and everything back to the drilling front.
S70, circulating the steps S00-S60, and performing drilling operation of the next hole.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical features of the above embodiments may be combined in any manner, and for brevity, all of the possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments are not described, however, they should be considered as being within the scope of the description provided herein, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of the application should be assessed as that of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. Drilling, loading and anchoring integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism is installed on the anchor rod trolley, and is characterized in that the intelligent anchor rod mechanism comprises:
The drill rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam and is used for carrying out rock drilling and drilling operations;
The rock drill is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam and used for driving the drill rod to rotate and move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam;
the anchor rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam and used for grouting operation;
The anchor rod mounting device is mounted on the telescopic propelling beam and used for driving the anchor rod to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam and performing grouting operation on the anchor rod;
The telescopic propelling beam is provided with a side-shifting sliding seat matched with the rock drill, an anchor rod fiber lifting device for driving the anchor rod to move, a drill boom for pushing against a construction surface, and a telescopic driver for driving the rock drill and the anchor rod mounting device to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic propelling beam;
The anti-slip device is arranged on one side of the drill boom facing the construction surface and is positioned and fixed on the construction surface through drilling;
The drill rod connecting part is arranged on one side of the rock drill close to the drill rod, and is driven to rotate by a rotary motor on the rock drill, so that connection and disconnection with the drill rod and rotation of the drill rod are realized;
The anchor rod installation device comprises an anchor rod connection part connected with the anchor rod, an installation lifting driver for driving the anchor rod connection part to be in butt joint with the anchor rod, a locking driver for fixing the anchor rod, a tensioning driver for applying prestress to the anchor rod and a grouting connection port for providing grouting liquid for the anchor rod, wherein the locking driver comprises a lock rod motor and a locking nut motor;
The side-shifting slide seat is used for driving the rock drill to move back and forth along the width direction of the telescopic propelling beam so as to disconnect and connect the anchor rod mounting device; the side-shifting slide seat is provided with a side-shifting driver which is used for driving the rock drill to drive the drill rod to move to one side of a drilling position and is used for avoiding the operation of entering the anchor rod;
the anti-slip device comprises a flexible plug which is used for pushing against a construction surface, an anti-slip drill bit which is used for positioning and drilling, a rotary motor which is used for driving the anti-slip drill bit to rotate, a drill bit base which is used for installing the anti-slip drill bit, a front end fixing seat which is used for installing the rotary motor, and a propelling spring which is arranged between the anti-slip drill bit and the front end fixing seat; the anti-slip drill bit is positioned at the center of the flexible plug and can stretch into and out of a central hole of the flexible plug; the telescopic pushing beam is provided with a compensation telescopic oil cylinder for driving the drill boom to move back and forth along the length direction of the telescopic pushing beam, and position compensation of the drill boom is achieved through the compensation telescopic oil cylinder.
2. The intelligent integrated drilling, anchoring and grouting anchor rod mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic propelling beam is further provided with a front guide mechanism at one end of the anti-slip device, the front guide mechanism is matched with the drill rod and used for moving the drill rod to one side of a drilling position by matching with the side-shifting driver, so as to avoid the anchor rod entering operation of the anchor rod and guide the drill rod.
3. The intelligent drilling, anchoring and grouting integrated anchor rod mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a middle fiber supporting device mechanism for limiting and fixing a drill rod is arranged on the telescopic propelling beam, and the middle fiber supporting device mechanism realizes limiting and contact limiting of the drill rod through back and forth swinging and does not interfere rotation of the drill rod.
4. A drilling, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a water inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are arranged on the rock drill, cooling water is introduced into the water inlet pipe for drilling, cooling and cleaning operations, and lubricating oil gas is introduced into the air inlet pipe for lubrication.
5. A drilling, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a pitching driver for driving telescopic propulsion Liang Shixian to act horizontally and a spiral swinging oil cylinder for driving the telescopic propulsion beam to rotate are arranged on the telescopic propulsion beam, the telescopic propulsion beam is connected with one end of the spiral swinging oil cylinder, and the other end of the spiral swinging oil cylinder is arranged on an anchor rod trolley.
6. The construction method of the drilling, loading, anchoring and grouting integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following construction steps:
S00, adjusting the angle of the drill boom, abutting an anti-slip device on the drill boom on a construction surface, and drilling holes through the anti-slip device to be positioned on the construction surface;
starting the rock drill, and simultaneously propelling and rotationally driving a drill rod to perform impact operation;
s10, drilling after the hole is drilled;
S20, after drilling is finished, the rock drill retreats to an initial position, and the rock drill and the drill rod are moved to one side of the telescopic propelling beam through the side-shifting sliding seat so as to give out an operation space of the anchor rod;
S30, driving the anchor rod to move to a drilling position through the anchor rod fiber lifter, and aligning the hole;
s40, the anchor rod connecting part is aligned to the tail end of the anchor rod through installing a lifting driver to push the anchor rod into the anchor rod insertion hole, the anchor rod connecting part is fixedly connected with the anchor rod through a locking driver, prestress is applied to the anchor rod through a tensioning driver, and grouting operation is carried out on a grouting opening;
S50, stopping grouting after the grout overflows, retracting the tensioning driver and releasing the anchor rod by installing the locking driver;
S60, the anchor rod fiber lifter is retracted, the telescopic propelling beam is retracted to leave the construction surface, and the rock drill is retracted;
s70, circulating the steps S00-S60, and performing drilling operation of the next hole.
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| CN202410211015.6A CN117780404B (en) | 2024-02-27 | 2024-02-27 | Drilling, loading and anchoring integrated intelligent anchor rod mechanism and construction method |
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