CN117779498A - Method for color fixation in cotton fabric dyeing with reactive dyes using atomization combined with vacuum suction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for fixing colors in the dyeing of reactive dye cotton fabrics by using atomization combined with vacuum suction, and belongs to the technical field of fabric dyeing. The method disclosed in the present invention uses reactive dye pad dyeing to dye cotton fabrics, and then atomizes the color-fixing alkali dose, and the atomized color-fixing liquid droplets are dispersed on the cotton fabrics, and at the same time, the cotton fabrics are Confined spaces are evacuated. This method reduces the amount of water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide used in the reactive dye fixation process. While ensuring that the color depth of the fabric remains unchanged, the amount of fixing liquid is significantly reduced. The reduction in the dosage of water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide greatly reduces the industrial cost of dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes, reduces the difficulty of treatment of fixative waste liquid, and can greatly reduce environmental pollution.

Description

Method for color fixation in cotton fabric dyeing with reactive dyes using atomization combined with vacuum suction

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fabric dyeing, and in particular relates to a method for fixing the color of reactive dye cotton fabric by utilizing atomization combined with vacuum suction.

Background technique

Reactive dyes are water-soluble dyes, which contain active groups that can react with hydroxyl groups in cellulose and amino groups in proteins. During dyeing, they are mainly fixed by covalent bonds generated by reactions with fibers. Reactive dyes are popular because of their bright colors, good levelness, high color fastness, and complete color spectrum. However, when using reactive dyes for dyeing, problems such as low dye utilization and the need to use a large amount of sodium chloride in dyeing and color fixation usually occur. This not only increases the difficulty of sewage treatment, but also does not conform to the current development theme of environmentally friendly production and energy conservation. At present, research on improving the color fixation rate of reactive dyes mainly focuses on: fiber cationic modification, non-aqueous medium dyeing, foam dyeing and other directions. However, in practice, it is found that dyeing using the fiber cationic modification method is prone to uneven dyeing; and the toxicity and recovery problems of solvents used in non-aqueous medium dyeing have not been solved; the need to add a large amount of foaming agents and other additives in foam dyeing to maintain the stability of the foam-dyeing liquid system is not conducive to the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, and the pollution is serious.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for color fixation in dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes using atomization combined with vacuum suction.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve it:

The invention discloses a method for color-fixing in the dyeing of reactive dye cotton fabrics by using atomization combined with vacuum suction. After the cotton fabric is dyed using reactive dye pad dyeing, the dose of color-fixing alkali is atomized. The final solid color droplets are dispersed onto the cotton fabric, and the closed space where the cotton fabric is located is evacuated at the same time.

Further, include the following steps:

(1) Dyeing: Put the cotton fabric into the reactive dye dyeing solution, fully soak it, press it with a rolling mill, and then dry it;

(2) Fixation: The fixation liquid is evenly and fully combined with the dyed cotton fabric through atomization and vacuum suction;

(3) Steaming: Steam the cotton fabric combined with the fixing liquid to fix the color;

(4) Wash, soap and dry the fabric after dyeing and color fixation.

Further, the concentration of each component in the reactive dye liquor in step (1) is: reactive dye RGB blue 30g/L, urea 20g/L, anti-staining salt S 5g/L, and the solvent is water.

Further, in step (1), the cotton fabric is immersed in the dyeing solution for uniform coloring, and then pad-dyed with a pad car. The padding rate is 95% to 110%. The immersion and pad-dying are repeated again to complete the dyeing.

Further, in step (1), the temperature used by the heat setting machine to dry the fabric is 80-90°C, and the time is 3-6 minutes.

Further, the specific operations of step (2) are:

Atomizing and spraying the cotton fabric with the fixing liquid, and combining vacuum suction under the condition of ensuring airtightness, so that the fixing liquid is evenly distributed on the cotton fabric, until the liquid carrying rate of the cotton fabric is 75% to 95%, and then going to step (4);

The components of the solid color liquid are: sodium hydroxide 0-5g/L, sodium carbonate 17-22g/L, sodium chloride 0-200g/L, and the solvent is water.

Further, the specific conditions of step (3) are:

The steaming temperature is 98°C and the steaming time is 1.5 to 3 minutes.

Further, step (4) includes cold water washing, hot water washing and soaping liquid in sequence, specifically as follows:

The cold water washing temperature is 30°C, the cold water washing time is 3 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1:30;

The hot water washing temperature is 80°C, the hot water washing time is 10 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1:30;

The soaping liquid is prepared with 1.5% owf soap powder. The soaping temperature is 95°C, the soaping time is 10 minutes, and the bath ratio is 1:30.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

Compared with the various problems of the above-mentioned reactive dye dyeing, the present invention uses water as a solvent, and there is no problem of solvent toxicity; the method of atomizing the color fixing liquid combined with vacuum suction solves the problem of uneven dyeing that is very easy to occur in the fiber cationic modified dyeing; at the same time, there is no need to add extra auxiliaries to maintain the stability of the solution system. Compared with other methods used for active dye dyeing and color fixing, the present invention has the advantages of: water saving, no sodium chloride, no sodium hydroxide, and simple operation. The small droplets generated by atomization in the present invention can significantly reduce the amount of water while ensuring that the color fixing liquid is evenly distributed on the fabric, avoiding the problem of uneven color fixing, and can achieve the purpose of saving costs and protecting the environment.

The invention provides a method for fixing color during dyeing of reactive dye cotton fabric by using atomization combined with vacuum suction, which reduces the amount of water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide used in the process of fixing reactive dye. While ensuring that the color depth of the fabric remains unchanged, the amount of fixing liquid is significantly reduced. The combination of atomized alkali agent and vacuum suction helps the color-fixing alkali agent to be more uniformly combined with the fabric. The liquid-carrying rate of cotton fabric is 75% to 95%, which reduces the amount of water and helps reduce the hydrolysis of reactive dyes. The atomized fixing solution can avoid the dissolution of reactive dyes in the fixing agent when the fabric is padded with alkali agents, and reduces the amount of sodium chloride added to prevent the dye from dissolving in the fixing solution, which is conducive to better fixation of the dye. on the fabric. Reducing the amount of liquid carried is also beneficial to reducing the migration of dyes and preventing uneven dyeing of fabrics. At the same time, vacuum suction helps the fixing liquid to be evenly distributed on the fabric, enhances the uniformity of the reactive dye fixation, and prevents the "yin and yang side" and white core phenomena that occur due to uneven distribution of the fixing liquid on thicker fabrics. The reduction in the dosage of water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide greatly reduces the industrial cost of dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes, reduces the difficulty of treatment of fixative waste liquid, and can greatly reduce environmental pollution.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the dyeing process of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a dyeing flow chart of the present invention. An atomizing spray device is placed on one side of the dyed fabric to evenly distribute the prepared fixing liquid on the surface of the fabric, and an atomizing spray device is placed on the other side of the dyed fabric. The vacuum suction device enables the fixing liquid to effectively penetrate the fabric and evenly distribute it in various positions of the fabric. This can fully fix the color of the fabric and ensure uniform color fixation of the fabric.

Example 1

This embodiment uses atomization combined with vacuum suction to fix the color of reactive dye cotton fabrics during dyeing. The steps are as follows:

(1) Cotton fabric dyeing: Put the reactive dye RGB blue into a beaker, add a small amount of water and stir. After the dye is partially dissolved, add the weighed urea and continue stirring. After stirring evenly, add the anti-dyeing salt S; the concentration of each component is as follows : Reactive dye RGB blue 30g/L, urea 20g/L, anti-staining salt S5g/L. Dip the cut fabric into the dyeing solution to make it evenly colored, pad and dye it with a uniform pad (the padding rate is 95% to 110%), and repeat the dipping and padding again. The pad-dyed fabric is dried with a heat setting machine at a drying temperature of 80 to 90°C and a drying time of 3 to 6 minutes.

(2) Fabric color fixation: Put the accurately weighed reagent into a beaker, add water to dissolve it evenly, and then add it to the atomizer. The concentrations of each component are as follows: sodium hydroxide 5g/L, sodium carbonate 20g/L, sodium chloride 200g/L, and the sample liquid carrying rate is 75% to 95%. Combined with vacuum suction under the condition of ensuring air tightness, the color-fixing alkali agent is evenly distributed on the fabric. The fabric with the color-fixing alkali agent is put into a steamer to be steamed. The steaming process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 98°C and the steaming time is 1.5 to 3 minutes.

(3) Post-washing treatment: Wash the sample after dyeing and color-fixing with cold water at 30°C for 3 minutes, and then wash it with hot water at 80°C for 10 minutes. The bath ratio is 1:30; then put the fabric washed in hot water into 1.5% ( owf) soap powder, the liquor ratio is 1:30, the soaping temperature is 95°C, and the soaping time is 10 minutes. After soaping, take out the fabric, wash it with cold water, and dry it.

Example 2

This embodiment uses atomization combined with vacuum suction to fix the color of reactive dye cotton fabrics during dyeing. The steps are as follows:

(1) Cotton fabric dyeing: Put the reactive dye RGB blue into a beaker, add a small amount of water and stir. After the dye is partially dissolved, add the weighed urea and continue stirring. After stirring evenly, add the anti-dyeing salt S; the concentration of each component is as follows : Reactive dye RGB blue 30g/L, urea 20g/L, anti-staining salt S5g/L. Dip the cut fabric into the dyeing solution to make it evenly colored, pad and dye it with a uniform pad (the padding rate is 95% to 110%), and repeat the dipping and padding again. The pad-dyed fabric is dried with a heat setting machine at a drying temperature of 80 to 90°C and a drying time of 3 to 6 minutes.

(2) Fabric color fixation: Put the accurately weighed reagent into a beaker, add water to dissolve it evenly, and then add it to the atomizer. The concentrations of each component are as follows: sodium hydroxide 5g/L, sodium carbonate 20g/L, sodium chloride 0g/L, and the sample liquid carrying rate is 75% to 95%. Combined with vacuum suction under the condition of ensuring air tightness, the color-fixing alkali agent is evenly distributed on the fabric. The fabric with the color-fixing alkali agent is put into a steamer to be steamed. The steaming process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 98°C and the steaming time is 1.5 to 3 minutes.

(3) Post-washing treatment: Wash the sample after dyeing and color-fixing with cold water at 30°C for 3 minutes, and then wash it with hot water at 80°C for 10 minutes. The bath ratio is 1:30; then put the fabric washed in hot water into 1.5% ( owf) soap powder, the liquor ratio is 1:30, the soaping temperature is 95°C, and the soaping time is 10 minutes. After soaping, take out the fabric, wash it with cold water, and dry it.

Example 3

This embodiment uses atomization combined with vacuum suction to fix the color of reactive dye cotton fabrics during dyeing. The steps are as follows:

(1) Cotton fabric dyeing: Put the reactive dye RGB blue into a beaker, add a small amount of water and stir. After the dye is partially dissolved, add the weighed urea and continue stirring. After stirring evenly, add the anti-dyeing salt S; the concentration of each component is as follows : Reactive dye RGB blue 30g/L, urea 20g/L, anti-staining salt S5g/L. Dip the cut fabric into the dyeing solution to make it evenly colored, pad and dye it with a uniform pad (the padding rate is 95% to 110%), and repeat the dipping and padding again. The pad-dyed fabric is dried with a heat setting machine at a drying temperature of 80 to 90°C and a drying time of 3 to 6 minutes.

(2) Fabric color fixation: Place the accurately weighed reagent into a beaker, add water to dissolve it evenly, and then add it to the atomizer for atomization spraying. The concentration of each component is as follows: sodium hydroxide 0g/L, sodium carbonate 20g/L, sodium chloride 0g/L, and the sample liquid rate is 75% to 95%. Under the condition of ensuring airtightness, combine vacuum suction to make the color fixation alkali agent evenly distributed on the fabric. Put the fabric with the color fixation alkali agent into a steamer for steaming. The steaming process conditions are as follows: temperature is 98℃, and the steaming time is 1.5min to 3min.

(3) Post-washing treatment: After dyeing and fixing, wash the sample with 30°C cold water for 3 min, and then wash it with 80°C hot water for 10 min, with a bath ratio of 1:30; then put the fabric washed with hot water into a soap solution prepared with 1.5% (owf) soap powder for soaping, with a bath ratio of 1:30, a soaping temperature of 95°C, and a soaping time of 10 min. After the soaping is completed, take out the fabric, wash it with cold water, and dry it.

Determination of the K/S value of the apparent color depth of the fabric: Use a computer colorimeter to measure the K/S value of the dyed sample, using a D65 light source and a 10° observation angle. Each sample is tested three times and the average value is taken.

Color fastness to rubbing: Tested with reference to GB/T 3920-2008 "Color Fastness to Rubbing Test for Color Fastness of Textiles".

Color fastness to washing with soap: Tested in accordance with GB/T 3921-2008 “Textiles - Color fastness - Color fastness to washing with soap”.

Color fastness to perspiration: Refer to GB/T 3922-2013 "Textiles Color Fastness Test - Color Fastness to Perspiration" for testing.

Table 1 K/S value and color fastness of denim yarn dyed according to Example 3

From the measured data in Table 1, it can be seen that the color fastness of the cotton fabric sample of Example 3 can meet the requirements.

Comparative example 1

The traditional dyeing and fixation method of reactive dye cotton fabrics, the steps are as follows:

(1) Dyeing of cotton fabric: Put the reactive dye RGB blue into a beaker, add a small amount of water and stir, add the weighed urea after the dye is partially dissolved and continue stirring, add the resist salt S after stirring evenly; the concentration of each component is as follows: 30g/L reactive dye RGB blue, 20g/L urea, 5g/L resist salt S. Put the cut fabric into the dye solution and immerse it to make it evenly colored, use a uniform padding machine to pad (rolling rate is 95% to 110%), and repeat this process twice. The fabric after padding is dried with a heat setting machine, the drying temperature is 80-90℃, and the drying time is 3-6min.

(2) Fabric fixation: Put the accurately weighed reagent into a beaker, add water to dissolve it evenly, then fully soak the dyed sample with the prepared fixing solution, and use a uniform padding car to pad it. The concentration of each component of the solid color solution is as follows: sodium hydroxide 5g/L, sodium carbonate 20g/L, sodium chloride 200g/L, and the sample liquid carrying rate is 95% to 10%. Put the fabric with the color-fixing alkali agent into a steamer and steam it. The conditions for the steaming process are as follows: the temperature is 98°C and the steaming time is 1.5 to 3 minutes.

(3) Post-washing treatment: Wash the sample after dyeing and color-fixing with cold water at 30°C for 3 minutes, and then wash it with hot water at 80°C for 10 minutes. The bath ratio is 1:30; then put the fabric washed in hot water into 1.5% ( owf) soap powder, the liquor ratio is 1:30, the soaping temperature is 95°C, and the soaping time is 10 minutes. After soaping, take out the fabric, wash it with cold water, and dry it.

Table 2 K/S value and color fastness of fabrics dyed according to Comparative Example 1

Comparing Table 2 and Table 1, it can be seen that when other conditions remain unchanged, the K/S value of the samples obtained by fixing by atomization combined with vacuum suction (without sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide) is higher than that of the samples obtained by traditional pad dyeing (the fixing solution contains sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide), and the color fastness is consistent. This shows that the fixing method of atomization combined with vacuum suction can make the fixing solution evenly distributed on the fabric, and the same dyeing effect as traditional pad dyeing can be obtained without using sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide.

Comparative example 2

According to the formula of Comparative Example 1, the amount of sodium chloride in the fixing solution was changed to 0g/L, and the other conditions remained unchanged. The K/S value of the dyed sample is 13.091.

Comparative example 3

According to the formula of Comparative Example 1, the dosage of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride in the fixing solution was changed to 0g/L, and the other conditions remained unchanged. The K/S value of the dyed sample is 17.501.

It can be seen from Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 that when using reactive RGB blue dye to dye cotton fabrics, the color fixation method of atomization combined with vacuum suction can be obtained without adding sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide. The K/S value of the sample is basically consistent with the sample obtained by fixing the color using the traditional padding method in the presence of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide. This is because in the traditional pad-liquid fixation method, the dyed cotton fabric will come into contact with a fixing solution that far exceeds its own mass. Some of the dye will be dissolved in the fixing solution, and some of the dye will be hydrolyzed, causing it to be fixed on the fabric. The amount of dye is reduced.

It can be seen from Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 that when using reactive RGB blue dye to dye cotton fabrics, the traditional pad solution fixation method without adding sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide will significantly reduce the K/S value of the sample obtained by fixation. . This is because the reduction in the amount of sodium chloride increases the free water in the fixing solution, resulting in increased hydrolysis of the dye on the dyed fabric. At the same time, the amount of dye dissolved in the fixing solution increases, and the amount of dye fixed on the fabric decreases. Sodium hydroxide plays a role in color fixation. The reduction in the amount of sodium hydroxide reduces the color fixation amount of the dye. The reactive dye cannot fully combine and fix with the fiber, the dye utilization rate decreases, and the color of the obtained sample is light.

The above contents are only for illustrating the technical ideas of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made based on the technical ideas proposed by the present invention and based on the technical solutions shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A method for fixing colors in dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes by combining atomization and vacuum suction is characterized in that after the cotton fabrics are dyed by adopting a reactive dye pad dyeing mode, the color fixing alkaline agent is atomized, color fixing liquid drops after atomization are dispersed on the cotton fabrics, and meanwhile, the vacuum treatment is carried out on a closed space where the cotton fabrics are located.

2. The method for fixing colors in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

(1) Dyeing: putting cotton fabric into reactive dye liquor, fully soaking, rolling by a padder, and drying;

(2) Fixation: uniformly and fully combining the color fixing liquid with dyed cotton fabric in a mode of combining atomization and vacuum suction;

(3) Steaming: steaming and fixing the cotton fabric combined with the fixing liquid;

(4) And (3) washing, soaping and drying the dyed and fixed fabric.

3. The method of fixing colors in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of each component in the reactive dye liquor in step (1) is: 30g/L of reactive dye RGB blue, 20g/L of urea and 5g/L of anti-staining salt S, and the solvent is water.

4. The method for fixing color in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabric by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the cotton fabric is soaked in a dye liquor for uniform coloring, then padding is carried out by a padder, the padding residual rate is 95% -110%, and the soaking and padding are repeated again to complete the dyeing.

5. The method for fixing color in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabric by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 2, wherein the temperature used for drying the fabric by the heat setting machine in the step (1) is 80-90 ℃ for 3-6 min.

6. The method for fixing color in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 2, wherein the specific operation of the step (2) is as follows:

and (3) atomizing and spraying the cotton fabric by using the color fixing liquid, combining vacuum suction under the condition of ensuring air tightness, so that the color fixing liquid is uniformly distributed on the cotton fabric until the liquid carrying rate of the cotton fabric is 75% -95%, and turning to the step (4).

7. The method for fixing colors in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 6, wherein the color fixing liquid comprises the following components: 0-5 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 17-22g/L of sodium carbonate, 0-200 g/L of sodium chloride and water as solvent.

8. The method for fixing color in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 2, wherein the specific conditions of the step (3) are as follows:

steaming temperature is 98 ℃, and steaming time is 1.5-3 min.

9. The method for fixing color in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 2, wherein the step (4) comprises the following steps of cold water washing, hot water washing and soaping liquid in sequence:

cold water washing temperature is 30 ℃, cold water washing time is 3min, bath ratio is 1:30;

the hot water washing temperature is 80 ℃, the hot water washing time is 10min, and the bath ratio is 1:30.

10. the method for fixing color in dyeing reactive dye cotton fabrics by combining atomization and vacuum suction according to claim 9, wherein the soap lotion is prepared by using 1.5% owf soap powder, the soap lotion temperature is 95 ℃, the soap lotion time is 10min, and the bath ratio is 1:30.