CN117778861A - Production method of die casting die steel with high impact toughness - Google Patents
Production method of die casting die steel with high impact toughness Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FCIGAJDXXXJHIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[V].[Cr].[Fe] Chemical compound [Mo].[V].[Cr].[Fe] FCIGAJDXXXJHIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of die-casting die steel with high impact toughness, belonging to the technical field of die-casting die steel production. The production method comprises the following steps of smelting the high-molybdenum die-casting die steel in a long flow process: and (3) carrying out continuous casting in a converter, LF, RH and protection mode, and carrying out electroslag remelting, forging and heat treatment in an atmosphere protection ingot drawing mode. Smelting high-alloy die casting die steel through a long process to obtain a raw material blank with ultralow harmful elements, carrying out ingot drawing electroslag remelting to enable the material to be low in segregation and solidify, and obtaining a high yield, carrying out forging deformation with a large forging ratio and secondary grading quenching to obtain a uniform and refined structure, and finally obtaining a pure, uniform and fine-grained forging module, wherein the transverse unnotched impact energy of the material core is larger than 350J.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel production for die casting dies, and particularly relates to a production method of die casting die steel with high impact toughness.
Background
With the rapid development of the die industry and the popularization of the concept of automobile light weight, more and more automobile parts are made of aluminum alloy die casting processing and forming technology, but with the large-scale die casting and higher requirements of high-temperature performance, the current high-alloy die casting die steel has obvious size effect increase, heavy alloy segregation, serious harmful element grain boundary segregation and coarse core structure, and serious influence on the transverse impact performance of materials, and becomes a technical bottleneck for limiting domestic materials, so that a large amount of domestic high-end die steel depends on imported materials. Therefore, in a series of attack relations such as chemical composition design, production flow process optimization and the like, the large-scale production of the XGYZ01 die-casting die steel with the help of the characteristics of long-flow smelting procedures, atmosphere protection ingot drawing electroslag remelting and comprehensive and complex forging heat treatment process is developed to meet the market demands of high-end die-casting.
The XGYZ01 steel has the advantages of high purity, uniformity, compactness and the like, and even structure and tiny reinforced grain boundaries can effectively improve the impact toughness of materials, so that the final service life of the die casting die is obviously prolonged under the action of the actual complex cavity and high-temperature repeated cold-hot alternating stress.
The die casting die steel is smelted by adopting an electric furnace or an intermediate frequency furnace at present due to high alloy content, is limited by scrap steel conditions, has lower content of five harmful elements, copper, titanium, phosphorus and the like than the purity of molten steel smelted by a long process, and can be used for checking the long process technology of the H13 type die steel of which the patent is only a small amount of low molybdenum (1.2 percent), and has no patent related to the long process production technology of the high alloy die steel with high molybdenum (2.4 percent) due to the fact that the temperature drop of the molten steel is rapid due to the excessive alloy addition amount and continuous casting is difficult. The high-quality high-alloy steel is severely segregated by alloy, and uniformly solidifies in electroslag remelting procedures, and mainly uses electroslag production of a fixed crystallizer with simple operation, and has a withdrawal type electroslag production mode with great operation control difficulty, but after solidification and shrinkage of steel ingots in the fixed crystallizer, a closed air gap is generated with the wall of the crystallizer, the cooling strength of the steel ingots is weaker than the air cooling effect of the withdrawal type steel ingots, and the fixed remelting ingots are of a dwarf type, different from the withdrawal type slender remelting ingots, the sawing proportion of riser heads and dummy ingot ends is high, the yield is about 10 percent less than that of the withdrawal type, and the quality and economic benefit are low. The purity and solidification uniformity of the cast ingot are beneficial to better improving the material structure in the later forging and heat treatment links, and the core structure of the large-specification remelted ingot is guaranteed to be thoroughly forged through an effective deformation forging process, and grains are refined by matching with a twice forced cooling process. The material purity, uniformity and compactness are excellent, the final impact performance index is high, and the service life requirement of the high-pressure die casting die is effectively met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a production method of high impact toughness die-casting die steel, which is used for obtaining steel with excellent purity, uniformity and compactness through effective process control, ensuring high final impact performance index and effectively meeting the service life requirement of a high-pressure die-casting die.
The invention aims to provide a production method of high impact toughness die casting die steel, which comprises the working procedures of high alloy raw material billet smelting, constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting, forging and heat treatment; the production method comprises the following steps:
(1) A high alloy raw material billet smelting process with a long flow: blast furnace deep desulfurization molten iron, dephosphorization converter, decarburization converter, LF furnace, RH furnace and continuous casting machine; the converter executes a duplex process, the adding amount of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-iron alloy is 115kg/t to 135kg/t steel, and 1Nm is kept after tapping 3 Performing nitrogen bottom blowing with large air volume per minute, controlling the alkalinity of refining slag to be 3-5 by LF refining white slag, performing RH vacuum treatment for more than or equal to 30 minutes, protecting continuous casting by argon, and using a side water opening;
(2) Constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting process: phi 600+/-5 mm of 4+/-0.1 m electroslag ingot after constant-melting-speed ingot drawing type electroslag remelting is carried out on the fixed-length continuous casting billet, the secondary current is 9-11KA, the secondary voltage is 50-70V and the drawing speed is 3-4mm/min, the high alloy steel is 430-470kg/h for constant-melting-speed ingot drawing production, the process atmosphere is protected, and the atmosphere oxygen in a protective cover is less than or equal to 100ppm;
(3) Forging and heat treatment processes: after high-temperature diffusion, the electroslag ingot is subjected to multidirectional upsetting and drawing deformation by a press, after forging, residual temperature grading quenching water is added into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing, after micro-cracks are polished at room temperature and material heads at two ends are removed, the electroslag ingot is added into an electric heating furnace for heat preservation, secondary grading quenching water is added, and after the target temperature is reached, the electroslag ingot is added into the electric annealing furnace for spheroidizing annealing.
The die-casting die steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.35 to 0.45 percent, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Si, 0.30 to 0.60 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.0010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, and Cr:5.00-5.30%, mo:2.30-2.60%, V0.50-0.80%, as+Sn+Sb+Pb+Bi less than or equal to 0.010%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The step (1) of the invention adopts a large-slag-quantity duplex process, the endpoint P is less than or equal to 0.006%, calcium carbide and aluminum particles are added for deoxidizing to produce white slag, the RH vacuum circulation time is more than or equal to 30min, O is less than or equal to 0.0012%, N is less than or equal to 0.0060%, the continuous casting argon protection nitrogen increasing is less than 5ppm, the tundish temperature is 1516-1531 ℃, and the pulling speed is 0.5-0.8m/min.
The electroslag remelting slag in the step (2) is CaF and Al 2 O 3 And (3) preparing secondary voltage and current parameters by the CaO and MgO quaternary slag system, and ensuring the melting speed of 450+/-30 kg/h and the stress relief annealing of the electric slag ingot with phi 600mm in the ingot drawing process.
According to the invention, before forging in the step (3), the forging is carried out for 20-24 hours at 1270-1290 ℃, the forging is firstly carried out for upsetting, the single upsetting ratio is more than or equal to 2, then the forging is carried out for drawing and upsetting, the forging is finished into the size of a final forging, the forging is put into a quenching water tank for graded quenching, the surface of the final forging is returned to 330-370 ℃, then is put into an annealing furnace for annealing, after annealing, surface crack detection and polishing and two-end head sawing are carried out, the temperature is raised to 1020-1040 ℃ for 6-7 hours, and the forging is carried out for carrying out secondary graded quenching until the surface is returned to 330-370 ℃, and then is put into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing at 850-870 ℃ and 730-750 ℃.
The die casting die steel obtained by the method is subjected to a transverse impact test by a method of national standard high-quality alloy die steel (GB/T24594), and the average impact power is detected to be more than 350J.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in: 1. the content of P, S, O, N, cu, al, ti, five harmful elements and other residual harmful elements in the steel can be effectively reduced by the smelting control of the long-flow fine high-alloy steel in the step (1), the purity of the elements of the die steel material can be obviously improved by the smelting control of the short-flow scrap steel, and the yield of raw materials can be obviously improved by the die casting in the production of continuous casting billets in the short-flow mode. 2. The atmosphere protection ingot drawing type constant melting speed electroslag remelting solidification control is carried out, the links of oxygenation and nitrogen increase can be restrained, the supercooling degree of a low melting speed shallow molten pool during solidification is effectively enhanced, the segregation degree of alloy carbide is reduced, and the yield can be improved by 10% compared with that of a fixed crystallizer electroslag. 3. And (3) forging and heat treatment, namely homogenizing the segregation condition of the high alloy carbide, performing strong heat stress processes of upsetting, drawing and deforming with a large forging ratio, performing Yu Wencui water after forging and performing secondary grading treatment on the twice strong cold quenching water, effectively refining the uniform structure of grains, and finally spheroidizing the secondary carbide of the annealed material in a uniform temperature atmosphere through an electric annealing furnace. Through the whole process control of smelting, electroslag and forging heat treatment in the steps (1) - (3), the purity, uniformity and compactness of the die steel are effectively improved, and as shown in the attached drawings, the transverse impact energy of the material is finally higher than 350J, and the service requirement of 169J in the national standard is far exceeded, so that the service life of the die casting die is remarkably prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a ribbon segregation micrograph of XGYZ01 die casting die steel of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an annealed microstructure micrograph of XGYZ01 die-casting die steel of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic view of grain size of XGYZ01 die casting die steel of example 1 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A production method of high impact toughness die casting die steel comprises the working procedures of smelting high alloy raw material blank in a long flow, protecting and ingot drawing electroslag remelting in a constant melting speed atmosphere, forging and heat treatment; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) A high alloy raw material billet smelting process with a long flow: blast furnace deep desulfurization molten iron, dephosphorization converter, decarburization converter, LF furnace, RH furnace and continuous casting machine; the converter executes a duplex process, and the adding amount of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-iron alloy is 125kg/tThe steel is designed in a mode of addition and kept at 1Nm after tapping 3 Performing nitrogen bottom blowing with large air volume per min, adding calcium carbide and aluminum particle deoxidized white slag into LF refining to control the alkalinity of refining slag to be 4.31, performing RH vacuum treatment for 30min with the highest vacuum degree of 86Pa, and protecting and using a side water opening by continuous casting argon;
the converter adopts a large-slag-quantity duplex process, and the endpoint P is as follows: 0.005%, adding calcium carbide and aluminum particles to deoxidize and make white slag, and carrying out RH vacuum circulation for 30min, wherein O:0.0012%, N:0.0053 percent, nitrogen is increased by 4ppm under the protection of continuous casting argon, the tundish temperature is 1531 ℃, and the pulling speed is 0.71m/min.
(2) Constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting process: phi 600mm 4m electroslag ingots subjected to constant melting speed ingot drawing type electroslag remelting are carried out on the fixed-length continuous casting billets, secondary current 9.4-10.7KA, secondary voltage 54.5-69.4V and drawing speed 3.5mm/min are designed to be matched, 437kg/h of high alloy steel is produced through constant melting speed ingot drawing, the process atmosphere is protected, and the atmosphere oxygen in a protective cover is 87ppm;
the electroslag remelting slag is CaF and Al 2 O 3 And (3) performing stress relief annealing on the CaO and MgO quaternary slag system phi 600mm electroslag ingot.
(3) Forging and heat treatment processes: after high-temperature diffusion, the electroslag ingot is subjected to multidirectional upsetting and drawing deformation by a press, after forging, residual temperature grading quenching water is added into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing, after micro-cracks are polished at room temperature and material heads at two ends are removed, the electroslag ingot is added into an electric heating furnace for heat preservation, secondary grading quenching water is added, and after the target temperature is reached, the electroslag ingot is added into the electric annealing furnace for spheroidizing annealing.
Before forging, the forging is carried out for 20 hours at 1279 ℃, the initial forging temperature is 1193 ℃, the forging is carried out by a 3150 ton oil press, the single forging ratio is 2, the three times of drawing, the two times of forging and the final forming die specification are 245 x 811 x Lmm, and the final forging temperature is 871 ℃, so that the final forging size is formed.
The forged forging is put into a quenching water tank for graded quenching, water is firstly put into the quenching water tank for 6 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and returned to temperature, water is put into the quenching water tank for 4 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and returned to temperature for 4 minutes, water is put into the quenching water tank for 4 minutes, water is discharged again and returned to temperature for 4 minutes, finally, the surface of the forged forging is returned to the temperature of 347 ℃ and then put into an annealing furnace for annealing, after the surface crack detection and polishing and the sawing of two ends of the forging water head, heating to 1030 ℃ for 6 hours, discharging, carrying out secondary stage quenching, feeding water for 5 minutes, discharging water for 4 minutes, respectively feeding water, discharging water, returning the temperature for 4 minutes, carrying out twice, returning the temperature to 364 ℃ until the surface is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing at 860 ℃ and 740 ℃ in an electric annealing furnace.
The detection results of the mass fractions of the steel components of the finished die casting die are shown in the following table;
(4) Finally, impact test detection is carried out in a mode of national standard 'high-quality alloy die steel' (GB/T24594), the highest and the lowest values are removed, and the impact test results are shown in the following table.
Example 2
The production method of the die casting die steel with high impact toughness comprises the following steps:
a production method of high impact toughness die casting die steel comprises the working procedures of smelting high alloy raw material blank in a long flow, protecting and ingot drawing electroslag remelting in a constant melting speed atmosphere, forging and heat treatment; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) A high alloy raw material billet smelting process with a long flow: blast furnace deep desulfurization molten iron, dephosphorization converter, decarburization converter, LF furnace, RH furnace and continuous casting machine; the converter executes a duplex process, the adding amount of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-iron alloy is 115kg/t steel, the adding mode is designed, and 1Nm is kept after tapping 3 Performing nitrogen bottom blowing with large air volume per min, adding calcium carbide and aluminum particle deoxidized white slag into LF refining to control the alkalinity of refining slag to be 4.11, performing RH vacuum treatment for 30min with the maximum vacuum degree of 85Pa, and protecting and using a side water opening by continuous casting argon;
the converter adopts a large-slag-quantity duplex process, and the endpoint P is as follows: 0.006%, RH vacuum cycle time 30min, O:0.0010%, N:0.0060 percent, nitrogen is increased by 3ppm under the protection of continuous casting argon, the tundish temperature is 1526 ℃, and the pulling speed is 0.72m/min.
(2) Constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting process: phi 600mm 4m electroslag ingots subjected to constant melting speed ingot drawing type electroslag remelting are carried out on the fixed-length continuous casting billets, secondary current 9.5-10.2KA, secondary voltage 54.3-63.7V and drawing speed 3.4mm/min are designed to be matched, 443kg/h of high alloy steel is subjected to constant melting speed ingot drawing production, process atmosphere is protected, and atmosphere oxygen in a protective cover is 76ppm;
the electroslag remelting slag is CaF and Al 2 O 3 And (3) performing stress relief annealing on the CaO and MgO quaternary slag system phi 600mm electroslag ingot.
(3) Forging and heat treatment processes: after high-temperature diffusion, the electroslag ingot is subjected to multidirectional upsetting and drawing deformation by a press, after forging, residual temperature grading quenching water is added into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing, after micro-cracks are polished at room temperature and material heads at two ends are removed, the electroslag ingot is added into an electric heating furnace for heat preservation, secondary grading quenching water is added, and after the target temperature is reached, the electroslag ingot is added into the electric annealing furnace for spheroidizing annealing.
Before forging, the forging is carried out for 20 hours at 1281 ℃, the initial forging temperature is 1184 ℃, the forging is carried out by a 3150 ton oil press, the single forging ratio is 2, the three times of drawing, the two times of forging and the final forming die specification are 255 x 813 x Lmm, and the final forging temperature is 859 ℃, so that the final forging size is formed.
After forging, the forging is put into a quenching water tank for graded quenching, water is firstly put into the quenching water tank for 6 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and water is discharged for 4 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes again, the temperature of the surface of the final discharged forging is returned to 362 ℃ and then is put into an annealing furnace for annealing, after surface crack detection and polishing and sawing of two ends of the forging, the surface crack detection and grinding and sawing of the two ends of the forging are put into the annealing furnace, the temperature is raised to 1030 ℃ and kept for 6 hours, secondary graded quenching is carried out after the forging, water is put into the quenching water for 5 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes, water is respectively put into the quenching water and the water is discharged for 4 minutes, the surface temperature is returned to 367 ℃, and the isothermal spheroidizing annealing is carried out after the surface temperature is returned to 860 ℃ and 740 ℃.
The detection results of the mass fractions of the steel components of the finished die casting die are shown in the following table;
(4) Finally, impact test detection is carried out in a mode of national standard 'high-quality alloy die steel' (GB/T24594), the highest and the lowest values are removed, and the impact test results are shown in the following table.
Example 3
A production method of high impact toughness die casting die steel comprises the working procedures of smelting high alloy raw material blank in a long flow, protecting and ingot drawing electroslag remelting in a constant melting speed atmosphere, forging and heat treatment; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) A high alloy raw material billet smelting process with a long flow: blast furnace deep desulfurization molten iron, dephosphorization converter, decarburization converter, LF furnace, RH furnace and continuous casting machine; the converter executes a duplex process, the adding amount of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-iron alloy is 135kg/t steel, the adding mode is designed, and 1Nm is kept after tapping 3 Performing nitrogen bottom blowing with large air volume per min, adding calcium carbide and aluminum particle deoxidized white slag into LF refining to control the alkalinity of refining slag to be 4.24, performing RH vacuum treatment for 30min with the maximum vacuum degree of 64Pa, and protecting and using a side water opening by continuous casting argon;
the converter adopts a large-slag-quantity duplex process, and the endpoint P is as follows: 0.004%, RH vacuum cycle time 30min, O:0.0011%, N:0.0052%, nitrogen increasing under continuous casting argon protection, wherein the tundish temperature is 1524 ℃, and the pulling speed is 0.71m/min.
(2) Constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting process: phi 600mm x 4m electroslag ingots after constant melting speed ingot drawing type electroslag remelting are carried out on the fixed-length continuous casting billets, the secondary current is designed to be 9.6-11.0KA, the secondary voltage is designed to be 55.6-62.5V, the drawing speed is matched with 3mm/min, 452kg/h of high alloy steel is subjected to constant melting speed ingot drawing production, the process atmosphere is protected, and the atmosphere oxygen in a protective cover is 69ppm;
the electroslag remelting slag is CaF and Al 2 O 3 And (3) performing stress relief annealing on the CaO and MgO quaternary slag system phi 600mm electroslag ingot.
(3) Forging and heat treatment processes: after high-temperature diffusion, the electroslag ingot is subjected to multidirectional upsetting and drawing deformation by a press, after forging, residual temperature grading quenching water is added into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing, after micro-cracks are polished at room temperature and material heads at two ends are removed, the electroslag ingot is added into an electric heating furnace for heat preservation, secondary grading quenching water is added, and after the target temperature is reached, the electroslag ingot is added into the electric annealing furnace for spheroidizing annealing.
Before forging, the forging is carried out for 20 hours at 1278 ℃, the initial forging temperature is 1181 ℃, the forging is carried out by a 3150 ton oil press, the single forging ratio is 2, the three times of drawing, the two times of forging and the final forming die specification are 2641 x 812 x Lmm, and the final forging temperature is 875 ℃, so that the final forging size is formed.
The forged forging is put into a quenching water tank for graded quenching, water is firstly put into the quenching water tank for 6 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and returned to temperature, water is put into the quenching water tank for 4 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and returned to temperature for 4 minutes, water is put into the quenching water tank for 4 minutes, water is discharged again and returned to temperature for 4 minutes, finally, the surface of the forged forging is returned to the temperature of 354 ℃ and then put into an annealing furnace for annealing, after the surface crack detection and polishing and the sawing of two ends of the forging head are carried out, heating to 1030 ℃ for 6 hours, discharging, carrying out secondary stage quenching, feeding water for 5 minutes, discharging water for 4 minutes, respectively feeding water, discharging water, returning the temperature for 4 minutes, carrying out twice, returning the temperature to 370 ℃ until the surface is in the isothermal spheroidizing annealing at 860 ℃ and 740 ℃ in the electric annealing furnace.
The detection results of the mass fractions of the steel components of the finished die casting die are shown in the following table;
(4) Finally, impact test detection is carried out in a mode of national standard 'high-quality alloy die steel' (GB/T24594), the highest and the lowest values are removed, and the impact test results are shown in the following table.
Example 4
A production method of high impact toughness die casting die steel comprises the working procedures of smelting high alloy raw material blank in a long flow, protecting and ingot drawing electroslag remelting in a constant melting speed atmosphere, forging and heat treatment; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) A high alloy raw material billet smelting process with a long flow: blast furnace deep desulfurization molten iron, dephosphorization converter, decarburization converter, LF furnace, RH furnace and continuous casting machine; the converter executes a duplex process, the adding amount of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-iron alloy is 128kg/t steel, the adding mode is designed, and 1Nm is kept after tapping 3 High-gas-content nitrogen bottom blowing per min, and adding carbon during LF refiningCalcium-dissolving, aluminum particle deoxidizing and white slag-making, refining slag alkalinity controlling 4.17, RH vacuum treatment time 30min, maximum vacuum degree 79Pa, continuous casting argon protection and side water opening use;
the converter adopts a large-slag-quantity duplex process, and the endpoint P is as follows: 0.006%, RH vacuum cycle time 30min, O:0.0010 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.0060 percent, nitrogen is increased by 1ppm under the protection of continuous casting argon, the tundish temperature is 1518 ℃, and the pulling speed is 0.70m/min.
(2) Constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting process: phi 600mm x 4m electroslag ingot after constant melting speed ingot drawing type electroslag remelting is carried out on the fixed-length continuous casting billet, the secondary current is 9.5-10.7KA, the secondary voltage is 54.4-67.1V and the drawing speed is 4mm/min, the production of 447kg/h constant melting speed ingot drawing of high alloy steel is carried out, the process atmosphere is protected, and the atmosphere oxygen in a protective cover is 81ppm;
the electroslag remelting slag is CaF and Al 2 O 3 And (3) performing stress relief annealing on the CaO and MgO quaternary slag system phi 600mm electroslag ingot.
(3) Forging and heat treatment processes: after high-temperature diffusion, the electroslag ingot is subjected to multidirectional upsetting and drawing deformation by a press, after forging, residual temperature grading quenching water is added into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing, after micro-cracks are polished at room temperature and material heads at two ends are removed, the electroslag ingot is added into an electric heating furnace for heat preservation, secondary grading quenching water is added, and after the target temperature is reached, the electroslag ingot is added into the electric annealing furnace for spheroidizing annealing.
Before forging, the forging is carried out for 20 hours at 1282 ℃, the initial forging temperature is 1184 ℃, the forging is carried out by a 3150 ton oil press, the single forging ratio is 2, the three times of drawing, the two times of forging and the final forming die specification are 276 x 810 x Lmm, and the final forging temperature is 864 ℃, so that the final forging size is formed.
The forged forging is put into a quenching water tank for graded quenching, water is firstly put into the quenching water tank for 6 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and returned to temperature, water is put into the quenching water tank for 4 minutes, water is discharged for 4 minutes and returned to temperature for 4 minutes, water is put into the quenching water tank for 4 minutes, water is discharged again and returned to temperature for 4 minutes, finally, the surface of the forged forging is returned to temperature of 352 ℃ and then put into an annealing furnace for annealing, after the surface crack detection and polishing and the sawing of two ends of the forging head are carried out, heating to 1030 ℃ for 6 hours, discharging, carrying out secondary stage quenching, feeding water for 5 minutes, discharging water for 4 minutes, respectively feeding water, discharging water, returning the temperature for 4 minutes, carrying out twice, returning the temperature to 357 ℃, and carrying out isothermal spheroidizing annealing at 860 ℃ and 740 ℃ in an electric annealing furnace.
The detection results of the mass fractions of the steel components of the finished die casting die are shown in the following table;
(4) Finally, impact test detection is carried out in a mode of national standard 'high-quality alloy die steel' (GB/T24594), the highest and the lowest values are removed, and the impact test results are shown in the following table.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be encompassed by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A production method of die casting die steel with high impact toughness is characterized by comprising the following steps: the production method comprises the working procedures of long-flow high alloy raw material billet smelting, constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting, forging and heat treatment; the production method comprises the following steps:
(1) A high alloy raw material billet smelting process with a long flow: blast furnace deep desulfurization molten iron, dephosphorization converter, decarburization converter, LF furnace, RH furnace and continuous casting machine; the converter executes a duplex process, the adding amount of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-iron alloy is 115-135kg/t of steel, nitrogen is blown at bottom after tapping, LF refining white slag is used for controlling the alkalinity of refining slag to be 3-5, RH vacuum treatment time is more than or equal to 30min, continuous casting argon protection is carried out, and a side water opening is used;
(2) Constant melting speed atmosphere protection ingot drawing type electroslag remelting process: phi 600+/-5 mm multiplied by 4+/-0.1 m electroslag ingot after constant-melting-speed ingot drawing type electroslag remelting is carried out on the fixed-length continuous casting billet, the secondary current is 9-11KA, the secondary voltage is 50-70V and the drawing speed is 3-4mm/min, the high alloy steel is 430-470kg/h for constant-melting-speed ingot drawing production, the process atmosphere is protected, and the atmosphere oxygen in the protective cover is less than or equal to 100ppm;
(3) Forging and heat treatment processes: after high-temperature diffusion, the electroslag ingot is subjected to multidirectional upsetting and drawing deformation by a press, after forging, residual temperature grading quenching water is added into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing, after micro-cracks are polished at room temperature and material heads at two ends are removed, the electroslag ingot is added into an electric heating furnace for heat preservation, secondary grading quenching water is added, and after the target temperature is reached, the electroslag ingot is added into the electric annealing furnace for spheroidizing annealing.
2. The method for producing high impact toughness die casting die steel according to claim 1, wherein: the die-casting die steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.35 to 0.45 percent, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Si, 0.30 to 0.60 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.0010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, and Cr:5.00-5.30%, mo:2.30-2.60%, V0.50-0.80%, as+Sn+Sb+Pb+Bi less than or equal to 0.010%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. The method for producing high impact toughness die casting die steel according to claim 1, wherein: the step (1) adopts a large slag quantity duplex process, the endpoint P is less than or equal to 0.006%, calcium carbide and aluminum particles are added for deoxidizing to produce white slag, the RH vacuum circulation time is more than or equal to 30min, O is less than or equal to 0.0012%, N is less than or equal to 0.0060%, the continuous casting argon protection nitrogen increment is less than 5ppm, the tundish temperature is 1516-1531 ℃, and the pulling speed is 0.5-0.8m/min.
4. A method for producing a high impact toughness die casting die steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: the electroslag remelting slag in the step (2) is CaF and Al 2 O 3 And (3) preparing secondary voltage and current parameters by the CaO and MgO quaternary slag system, and ensuring the melting speed of 450+/-30 kg/h and the stress relief annealing of the electric slag ingot with phi 600mm in the ingot drawing process.
5. A method for producing a high impact toughness die casting die steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: and (3) before forging, carrying out heat preservation for 20-24 hours at 1270-1290 ℃, firstly upsetting and deforming, wherein the single upsetting ratio is more than or equal to 2, then drawing and upsetting to obtain the final forging size, putting the final forging into a quenching water tank, carrying out graded quenching water, finally putting the surface of the yielding forging into an annealing furnace for annealing after the surface of the yielding forging is returned to 330-370 ℃, carrying out surface crack detection grinding and two-end head sawing after annealing, putting into a furnace for heating to 1020-1040 ℃ for heat preservation for 6-7 hours, discharging and carrying out secondary graded quenching until the surface is returned to 330-370 ℃, and putting into an electric annealing furnace for isothermal spheroidizing annealing at 850-870 ℃ and 730-750 ℃.
6. A method for producing a high impact toughness die casting die steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: the transverse impact energy of the die casting die steel obtained by the method is more than 350J.
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