CN108893682A - Mould steel steel billet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mould steel steel billet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108893682A CN108893682A CN201810863475.1A CN201810863475A CN108893682A CN 108893682 A CN108893682 A CN 108893682A CN 201810863475 A CN201810863475 A CN 201810863475A CN 108893682 A CN108893682 A CN 108893682A
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910014458 Ca-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910006639 Si—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000600 Ba alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910014813 CaC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018473 Al—Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000727 Fe4N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000025599 Heat Stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910008455 Si—Ca Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWDBMHZWXLUGIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Mg] Chemical compound [C].[Mg] RWDBMHZWXLUGIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
Abstract
The present invention relates to mould steel steel billets and preparation method thereof, belong to Die Steel Products technical field.To be solved by this invention be the prior art is to improve the overall performance of mould steel to add rare earth element and a large amount of alloying elements, leads to the problem that production cost is excessively high, and there is provided mould steel steel billet, chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight to be for technical solution：C：0.45-1.05%, Cr：16-19%, Co：1.3-1.8%, Mn：0.3-0.7%, Si：0.15-0.40%, Mo：0.9-1.1%, Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：0.15-0.4%, Ti：0.1-0.5%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.012%, N≤0.0045%, surplus Fe.The excellent mould steel of comprehensive mechanical performance can be prepared using inventive die steel steel billet, had a extensive future.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mould steel steel billets and preparation method thereof, belong to Die Steel Products technical field.
Background technique
Electrical home appliances part, mechanotronics components, rubber product, ceramic, plastic products etc. mostly use mold
Molding, therefore, mold largely decides the quality of product, the development ability of benefit and product.However, due to it is long when
Between influenced by complicated factors such as higher temperature, pressure, stress, mould invalidation frequent occurrence, be mainly manifested in shape change
Change, dimension overproof etc., basic failure mode is shown as：The accident of surface abrasion and burn into fracture, deformation and mold
Damage.Therefore, the performances such as good mould steel needs wearability with higher, corrosion resistance, intensity, hardness.Wherein, the modern designs of plastics
Have that steel is most as yield in mould steel, the maximum kind of ratio, growth momentum is powerful in recent years, also mentions to the quality of product
Increasingly higher demands are gone out.
CN103060698A discloses a kind of preparation process of corrosion resistant mould steel, the mould steel composition by weight percent
For：C：1.0-1.2%, Cr：16-19%, Co：1.3-1.8%, Mn：0.2-0.6%, Si：0.2-0.7%, Mo：0.9-
1.4%, V：0.05-0.2%, Ti：0.05-0.4%, rare earth RE：0.05-0.4% and balance iron.Preparation method is in electric furnace
When melting, Ti and rare earth RE is added to handle, prepare 100~300kg ingot casting, using electroslag remelting, obtained after remelting by rolling
Band steel, rolling reduction is 50~70%, then band steel is heated to 650~760 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5~6 hours, it is furnace-cooled to 280~
320 DEG C, 3~5 hours are kept the temperature, is again heated to 650~690 DEG C, keep the temperature 32 hours, is cooled to 400 DEG C with 40 DEG C/h, then with
18 DEG C/h, it is cooled to 120 DEG C；Band steel obtained above is heat-treated, be again heated to 1000 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1-2h, oil
680 DEG C~710 DEG C of temperature range is reheated to after being cooled to not higher than 100 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3h, later water cooling；At tempering
After reason, then the head of band steel is heated to 320~400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4-5 hour, then misting cooling processing, the tail portion of band steel exists
900-1020 DEG C, 6-8 hours are kept the temperature, then air-cooled, being heated up to temperature in the middle part of last band steel again is 160~190 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2-3
Hour, it is cold to be put into heap in iron case.
Above-mentioned preparation process is to guarantee mould steel hardness with higher and toughness, and more alloying element and dilute need to be added
Earth elements La and Ce can neutralize the impurity such as oxygen, the sulphur in steel since the chemical property of rare earth element is active, be allowed to occur acute
Strong reaction makes the overall performance of steel be significantly improved to purify steel.However, but causing precious resources in this way
Waste, is added significantly to production cost.In addition, less than normal using ingot casting weight prepared by this method, the extent of spreading amd application is limited
System.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide mould steel steel billets and preparation method thereof, improve mould steel to solve the prior art
Overall performance need to add rare earth element and a large amount of alloying elements, lead to the problem that production cost is excessively high.
The present invention provides mould steel steel billet, chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight is：C：0.45-1.05%, Cr：16-
19%, Co：1.3-1.8%, Mn：0.3-0.7%, Si：0.15-0.40%, Mo：0.9-1.1%, Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：
0.15-0.4%, Ti：0.1-0.5%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.012%, N≤0.0045%, surplus Fe.
Further, chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight is：C：0.50-0.85%, Cr：16.5-18%, Co：1.4-
1.6%, Mn：0.45-0.6%, Si：0.21-0.35%, Mo：0.95-1.1%, Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：0.15-0.4%,
Ti：0.15-0.45%, P≤0.018%, S≤0.010%, N≤0.0030%, surplus Fe.
The present invention provides the preparation methods of the mould steel steel billet, include the following steps：Smelting obtain it is described chemistry at
Point molten steel, be cast as steel billet to get.
Preferably, the steel billet passes through electroslag remelting.Using a large amount of field trashes in electroslag remelting removal steel and improve steel
Macrostructure, the performance of steel can be effectively improved.
Further, described smelt includes EBT electric furnace smelting, the refining of LF furnace and VD refinement step.
Further, the EBT electric furnace smelting control parameter is as follows：
Oxidation and decarbonization amount >=0.4%；
The heat of oxidation controls oxidizing temperature >=1580 DEG C；
Heat of oxidation boiling time >=8min；
In 1550~1680 DEG C of dephosphorizations.
Wherein, heat of oxidation boiling time >=8min can make pernicious gas and field trash in steel sufficiently float.
Further, the LF furnace refining controlling parameter is as follows：
Make the silicate oxidizing slag of basicity R=4.0~6.0；
The white slag retention time >=18min；
Si and/or Al is added and carries out deep deoxidation desulfuration；
It is stirred using Argon, Argon amount is 50~1000m3/min；
Deoxidier is added in 1/4,1/2,3/4 period in a tapping period respectively；
The period deoxidier additional amount is respectively 55% by weight percentage:31%:14%；
Deoxidier gross mass：Quality of molten steel=2150：200000；
The deoxidier is in manganese metal, Si-Mn alloy, Al-Mn-Si alloy, Ca-Si alloy, Si-Ca-Ba alloy
It is one or more kinds of；
Nitrogen content≤60ppm in aluminum steel and/or ferrotianium control molten steel is added.
Wherein, it is stirred using Argon, the ascent rate of field trash can be accelerated, and small field trash can be made by colliding,
It polymerize and forms biggish field trash and be easy to float, but Argon amount need to be controlled in 50~1000m3In the range of/min, otherwise,
If argon blowing rate is more than 1000m3/ min can cause steel slag to be involved in molten steel, to bring more slag inclusions or field trash, simultaneously
Reduce the temperature of molten steel too many.
Further, the VD refining controlling parameter is as follows：
Refining agent is added into molten steel, the refining agent contains CaO；
Preferably, the refining agent also contains CaF2、Ca-Si、CaC2Middle one or more；
Refining liquid steel temperature >=1680 DEG C before being vacuum-treated；
In vacuum process, vacuum degree is less than time >=20min of 60Pa；
Obtain nitrogen content≤45ppm molten steel；
Tapping temperature >=1650 DEG C.
Wherein, the refining agent based on calcium oxide is sprayed into molten steel, calcium oxide to aluminium oxide affinity with higher,
Calcium aluminate salt can be formed, easily cohesion grows up and floats, and significantly reduces the field trash in molten steel, significantly improves the pure of steel
Degree.
Wherein, CaO-CaF is sprayed into molten steel2It can desulfuration；Spraying into Ca-Si can be changed the form of sulfide；Spray into CaC2Energy
Achieve the purpose that deoxidization desulfuration.
Wherein, it since the additional amount of steel grade of the present invention alloy in refining is big, if tapping temperature is lower than 1650 DEG C, refines
Time will be very long, and absorption of nitrogen by steel can be serious, be unfavorable for controlling nitrogen content to reduced levels；On the contrary, if tapping temperature >=1650 DEG C,
Then refining time will substantially shorten.
Further, the casting method is：It is molded into steel ingot, molding uses bet method, protected at the mouth of a river with inert gas
Shield casting.
Preferably, the inert gas is argon gas.
The present invention provides mould steel, it is prepared by the following method to obtain：The mould steel steel billet is taken, is forged, heat treatment,
To obtain the final product.
The present invention, at shunt lead, and controls nitrogen content to lower level using vanadium titanium microalloying, obtained steel billet energy
Enough it is further processed into the mould steel with good corrosion resistance, impact flexibility, plasticity, mouldability and cold-forming property.This hair
It is bright to additionally provide the preparation method of the mould steel steel billet, this method simple process, can by Control of Nitrogen Content 45ppm with
Under, it is practical, it has a good application prospect.
Specific embodiment
Raw material, equipment used in the specific embodiment of the invention are known product, are obtained by purchase commercial product.
The present invention provides mould steel steel billet, chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight is：C：0.45-1.05%, Cr：
16-19%, Co：1.3-1.8%, Mn：0.3-0.7%, Si：0.15-0.40%, Mo：0.9-1.1%, Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：
0.15-0.4%, Ti：0.1-0.5%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.012%, N≤0.0045%, surplus Fe.
Wherein, the effect of V：1, vanadium can improve the heat resistance of steel, improve the creep-resistant property and creep rupture strength of steel；2,
Stability of the steel in high temperature and pressure hydrogen is improved, steel is made to be up to 600 DEG C or more to the stability of hydrogen under high pressure；3, in pearly-lustre
In body low-alloy steel, vanadium can prevent the graphitization phenomenon of molybdenum steel at high temperature；4, by being precipitated in final ferritic structure, shape
At the VN precipitate of dispersed and tiny distribution, increase obdurability and anti-fatigue performance.
The effect of Ti：The trace Ti of addition forms Ti (CN) precipitate, and refinement crystal grain is played during heating of plate blank
The TiC precipitate of small and dispersed distribution is precipitated in final ferritic structure, plays the role of precipitation strength, moreover it is possible to improve for effect
The welding performance of finished product.
The high mould steel of nitrogen content will be slow precipitation nitride in long-time placement process, so that mould steel is become fragile, simultaneously
Have an adverse effect to the impact flexibility of steel, plasticity, cold-forming property, mouldability, welding performance etc..It endangers main performance
?：The precipitation of Fe4N leads to the timeliness and blue shortness of steel, reduces the toughness and plasticity of steel；Band is formed with the elements such as titanium, aluminium in steel
Corner angle and the crisp field trash of property；When residual nitrogen content is higher in steel, will lead to steel macrostructure it is loose in addition formed bubble.Invention
People is according to knowhow, and the additional amount of alloy, i.e., can reduce steel for Si, Ni etc. in strict control converter smelting, refining process
The element of middle nitrogen content is increased to the upper limit of specification, and causes the raised element of nitrogen in steel content to be controlled as far as possible Mn, Cr, Mo, V etc.
Make the negative effect in a certain range to reduce nitrogen.
The effect of C：Mould steel prepared by the present invention belongs to high-carbon steel, and C content increases the intensity, hardness and wearability to steel
Raising it is all advantageous, but will affect the toughness of steel, so being a key point to the control of C.The present invention controls C content and exists
In the range of 0.45-1.05%, the intensity, hardness and wearability of steel can either be improved, and will not generate to the toughness of steel obvious
Adverse effect.
In conclusion the present invention mainly passes through the content (V of V, Ti, N, C in control steel billet：0.15-0.4%, Ti：0.1-
0.5%, N≤0.0045%, C：0.45-1.05%), can achieve the purpose that improve mould steel comprehensive mechanical performance, to keep away
Exempt from using rare earth metal, and reduce the total addition level of alloying element, significantly reduces production cost.
In addition, impurity element S, P have adverse effect the toughness of mould steel.When being on active service at high operating temperatures, due to S, P
Equal Dynamic Segregation of the impurity elements to crystal boundary, can damage high-temp plastic, the toughness of mold, cause mold that high temperature embrittlement occurs.Have
It closes studies have shown that S, P content reduction, facilitate the cold-heat fatigue property for improving steel.
The present invention uses rare earth metal due to can be avoided, and reduces the total addition level of alloying element, generally
Reduce the introducing of the impurity such as S, P, therefore is able to control P content 0.020% hereinafter, S content controls by refinery practice
0.012% hereinafter, improving the quality of mould steel to mitigate the harm for even being eliminated micro impurity element, making it have
The excellent performances such as high corrosion-resistant, high rigidity, high-strength tenacity.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the mould steel steel billet, include the following steps：Smelting obtains the chemistry
The molten steel of ingredient, be cast as steel billet to get.
The nitrogen content of the smelting process of existing mold steel, gained steel billet is higher, generally in 120ppm or more, main cause
Have：1, prior art mainly reduces nitrogen content using the method for aluminum steel is fed in VD vacuum refining furnace, to the control energy of nitrogen
Power is extremely limited；2, aluminium is generallyd use when deoxidation as deoxidier, is easy so that the molten steel of alloying sucks nitrogen again；3, it smelts
Dissolution of the nitrogen in steel can gradually increase as the temperature rises in the process.Since nitrogen content is higher in steel billet, to mould steel
Mechanical performance can generate significant adverse influence.
The method that the present invention uses EBT electric furnace+LF furnace+VD to smelt, can make nitrogen content≤30ppm of molten steel.It is casting
Shi Caiyong bet method, and be poured in mouth of a river blanketing with inert gas, the nitrogen content of gained steel billet can be made to be less than or be equal to
The level of 45ppm.
Further, due in steel grade of the present invention carbon content it is higher, LF furnace alloy addition is more, therefore molten steel oxygen content
Higher, if will lead in smelting process with aluminium deoxidation, Al content loss, fluctuation range are big, are difficult to control, and later period steel ingot can be sent out
The problems such as raw Al layering.Therefore, the present invention is smelted using al-free deoxidation technique, uses manganese metal, Si-Mn alloy, Al-
Mn-Si alloy, Ca-Si alloy, Si-Ca-Ba alloy can achieve the effect that good deoxidation as deoxidier.Wherein, respectively
Tap at one 1/4,1/2,3/4 period in period is added above-mentioned deoxidier, these three period deoxidiers launch additional amount press than
Example is respectively 55%:31%:14%, be conducive to make the fusing of deoxidier more uniform, to realize al-free deoxidation.
The preparation of 1 inventive die steel steel billet of embodiment
1) EBT electric furnace smelting：
A) good raw material, the steel scrap (the preferably return material of this group) or high-quality that steel scrap should mostly use as far as possible are selected
The pig iron, it is desirable that not only S, P content want low in steel scrap, but also answer other harmful elements of strict control As, Sn, Pb and Cu etc..Use oxygen
Change method is smelted, and should ensure that the carbon amounts of going of the heat of oxidation, oxidation and decarbonization (decarburized amount >=0.4%).It is required that the heat of oxidation accomplishes high-temperature oxydation
(oxidizing temperature >=1580 DEG C) acutely boil, boiling time >=8min, in favor of pernicious gas and inclusion floating in steel.It is low
Dephosphorization is to 0.008% or less under warm (1550~1680 DEG C).
B) refractory material of high-quality resistance to erosion should be selected.High-quality magnesia carbon brick can be selected in furnace lining, and ladle selects high-alumina brick or magnesium
Carbon brick.
C) accurate control steel-making terminal, realizes tapping steel with high carbon, prevents Molten Steel over-oxidation；The quantity of slag under strict control is tapped, and
Slag modification is carried out in tapping process.W (FeO+MnO)≤3% in cinder inclusion is controlled, basicity of slag R >=2.5 avoid molten steel from returning
Phosphorus simultaneously carries out Si-Mn deoxidation in tapping process.
2) LF furnace refines：
The refining of LF furnace is steel inclusion to be removed, and reduces the gas content in steel, carries out making the big quantity of slag using refining furnace
Lime, fluorite are added in refining, and feeding temperature-raising carries out alloying quantitative adjusting, are carried out making deeply de- P, S operation of white slag, be protected with carbon dust
It holds, the white slag retention time >=18min, adds appropriate Si powder, Al powder, carry out deep deoxidation desulfuration, guarantee white slag good fluidity, temperature
Degree >=1610 DEG C, S≤0.006%, can also by supplement feed aluminum steel and plus ferrotianium mode control the nitrogen content in molten steel to≤
60ppm samples complete analysis, adjusting component；W (Q) 40%~60% is reduced by refining oxygen content, sulfur content reduces >=W
(S) 40%, significantly reduce the field trash in molten steel.Wherein,
A) it makes high alkalinity (R=4.0~6.0) silicate oxidizing slag, controls basicity of slag R >=3.5, w (Al2O3) in slag=
25%~30%, w (FeO+MnO)≤1.0% (more preferably less than 0.5%) in slag realize diffusive deoxidation of the clinker to molten steel, simultaneously
Complete the process task of desulfurization.After white slag refining, Si-Ca line is fed, denaturation treatment is carried out to field trash.Control steel inclusion
Ingredient guarantees w (Al2O3)≤25%.
B) it when smelting, is stirred using Argon, the ascent rate of field trash can be accelerated, and small field trash can be made to pass through
Collision, polymerization and form biggish field trash and be easy to float, but Argon amount to control it is appropriate (general Argon amount up to 50~
1000m3/ min), if argon blowing rate is too big or argon blowing time is too long, steel slag can be caused to be involved in molten steel, to bring more
Slag inclusion or field trash, while it is too many to reduce the temperature of molten steel.
C) double deoxidizer (manganese metal, Si-Mn alloy, Al-Mn-Si alloy, Ca-Si alloy, Si- are added into molten steel
Ca-Ba alloy etc. can be used as double deoxidizer), in 200t converter molten steel deoxidier additional amount be 2150kg, removal S, P, As,
The non-metallic inclusion of the harmful elements such as Sn, Pb and Cu.
3) VD is refined：
Utilize Argon stirring, vacuum outgas.Double refining is carried out using vacuum refining furnace, controls the nonmetallic folder in molten steel
Sundries, and carry out ingredient accurate adjustment；Refining agent based on calcium oxide is sprayed into molten steel, calcium oxide is with higher to aluminium oxide
Affinity can form calcium aluminate salt, and aluminic acid molybdenum fusing point is lower, and easily cohesion grows up and floats, and keep the field trash in molten steel obvious
It reduces, significantly improves the clarity of steel.Obtain size≤50 μm of most of field trashes.CaO-CaF is sprayed into molten steel2It can be into
Row desulfuration can also spray into Ca-Si powder, in the form of changing sulfide, or spray into CaC2Pulvis achievees the purpose that deoxidization desulfuration.It wants
Ask preceding refining liquid steel temperature >=1680 DEG C of vacuum processing, it is desirable that enter vacuum refining furnace slag thickness≤40mm；It had been vacuum-treated
Cheng Zhong guarantees to be greater than 20min in time of the final vacuum less than 60Pa.Smelting obtains the molten steel of following chemical components, by weight
Measure percentages：C：0.50-0.85%, Cr：16.5-18%, Co：1.4-1.6%, Mn：0.45-0.6%, Si：0.21-
0.35%, Mo：0.95-1.1%, Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：0.15-0.4%, Ti：0.15-0.45%, P≤0.018%, S≤
0.010%, N≤0.0030%, surplus Fe.It is >=1650 DEG C by tapping temperature control.Due to such steel refining when alloy
Additional amount at 5 tons or more, alloy addition is big, if tapping temperature be lower than 1650 DEG C, refining time will be very long, absorption of nitrogen by steel
It can be serious；On the contrary, refining time will substantially shorten if tapping temperature >=1650 DEG C.
4) electroslag remelting：
Using a large amount of field trashes in electroslag remelting removal steel and improve the macrostructures of steel, to effectively improve steel
The performance of material.
5) it is poured：
Bet method is used when molding, and in mouth of a river argon for protecting pouring, while also assuring ladle nozzle from feed trumpet mouth
Highly≤55mm.Using the above method prepare square ingot 3.5t, 4.0t, octagonal ingot 5.0t~8.0t, later respectively to steel ingot into
Row nitrogen and oxygen content detection.Casting mainly prevents the secondary oxidation of molten steel and brings field trash into, to improve the pure of mould steel
Cleanliness takes following technological operation：
A) inert gas shielding is poured.Molten steel is contacted with ingot mould and atmosphere (such as in electric furnace steel tapping-when rising in ingot mould
The processes such as ladle, ladle-ingot mould), all blanketing with inert gas (usually using argon gas), to prevent the secondary oxidation of molten steel.
B) reasonable pouring technology is controlled.Using bet method, steadily increase in ingot mould molten steel, molten steel is avoided to turn over
It rises, this is not only advantageous to Ingot Surface Quality, also avoids steel slag from being involved in molten steel and forms slag inclusion, influences the degree of purity of steel, very
To scrapping.
C) mould steel is put into ingot mould with covering slag, liquid slag floating head is generated when molten steel and powder contact in molten steel
Surface isolates molten steel with atmosphere and ingot mould, to reduce the argon of molten steel.
Claims (9)
1. mould steel steel billet, it is characterized in that：Chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight is：C：0.45-1.05%, Cr：16-19%,
Co：1.3-1.8%, Mn：0.3-0.7%, Si：0.15-0.40%, Mo：0.9-1.1%, Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：0.15-
0.4%, Ti：0.1-0.5%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.012%, N≤0.0045%, surplus Fe.
2. mould steel steel billet as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight is：C：0.50-
0.85%, Cr：16.5-18%, Co：1.4-1.6%, Mn：0.45-0.6%, Si：0.21-0.35%, Mo：0.95-1.1%,
Ni：0.8-1.0%, V：0.15-0.4%, Ti：0.15-0.45%, P≤0.018%, S≤0.010%, N≤0.0030% are remaining
Amount is Fe.
3. the preparation method of mould steel steel billet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：Include the following steps：Smelting obtains described
The molten steel of chemical component, be cast as steel billet to get；Preferably, the steel billet passes through electroslag remelting.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that：Described smelt includes EBT electric furnace smelting, the refining of LF furnace and VD
Refinement step.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that：The EBT electric furnace smelting control parameter is as follows：
Oxidation and decarbonization amount >=0.4%；
The heat of oxidation controls oxidizing temperature >=1580 DEG C；
Heat of oxidation boiling time >=8min；
In 1550~1680 DEG C of dephosphorizations.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that：The LF furnace refining controlling parameter is as follows：
Make the silicate oxidizing slag of basicity R=4.0~6.0；
The white slag retention time >=18min；
Si and/or Al is added and carries out deep deoxidation desulfuration；
It is stirred using Argon, Argon amount is 50~1000m3/min；
Deoxidier is added in 1/4,1/2,3/4 period in a tapping period respectively；
The period deoxidier additional amount is respectively 55% by weight percentage:31%:14%；
Deoxidier gross mass：Quality of molten steel=2150：200000；
The deoxidier is a kind of in manganese metal, Si-Mn alloy, Al-Mn-Si alloy, Ca-Si alloy, Si-Ca-Ba alloy
Or it is two or more；
Nitrogen content≤60ppm in aluminum steel and/or ferrotianium control molten steel is added.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that：The VD refining controlling parameter is as follows：
Refining agent is added into molten steel, the refining agent contains CaO；
Preferably, the refining agent also contains CaF2、Ca-Si、CaC2Middle one or more；
Refining liquid steel temperature >=1680 DEG C before being vacuum-treated；
In vacuum process, vacuum degree is less than time >=20min of 60Pa；
Obtain nitrogen content≤45ppm molten steel；
Tapping temperature >=1650 DEG C.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that：The casting method is：It is molded into steel ingot, under molding uses
Note method is poured in mouth of a river blanketing with inert gas；Preferably, the inert gas is argon gas.
9. mould steel, it is characterized in that：It is prepared by the following method to obtain：Mould steel steel billet described in taking as claimed in claim 1 or 22, forging,
Heat treatment to get.
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| CN113930657A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-14 | 江苏裕隆锻造有限公司 | Technological method for improving mechanical property of 410 forge piece |
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