CN117774340B - Preparation method of microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint - Google Patents
Preparation method of microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of structural members of metal/CFRTP, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint. Aiming at the problems that the two materials are difficult to be compatible and a high-quality metal/CFRTP connecting component cannot be formed when the traditional metal/CFRTP structural component is prepared in a compounding way, and particularly aiming at ultrasonic welding of the metal/CFRTP, the invention adds a laser processing metal surface microstructure, a silane coupling agent and microcapsule implantation on the basis of the traditional ultrasonic welding process so as to further improve the mechanical locking and chemical bonding strength of a metal and carbon fiber connecting joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of structural members of metal/CFRTP, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint.
Background
The carbon fiber composite material (CFRP) has a series of excellent performances such as light weight, high strength and the like, and plays an extremely important role in the development of fields such as national defense science and technology, weaponry, civil aviation, mechanical delivery and the like. Particularly, carbon fiber composite materials are widely used in weaponry required to be light in weight, such as rockets, airplanes, vehicles, missiles and the like, and the trend of the carbon fiber composite materials is gradually increasing. In addition, the metal alloy is still a main lightweight material at present, and the composite connection of the metal and the carbon fiber composite material can well play the respective advantages of the metal material and the carbon fiber composite material, and is also an important requirement for the manufacturing of complex engineering components and the structural and functional integration of products.
The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material (CFRTP) is used as one of the carbon fiber composite materials, and has the characteristics of weldability and recoverability. Compared with the thermosetting carbon fiber composite material (CFRTS), the CFRTP and the metal have richer connection modes, mainly comprising bonding, mechanical fastening and welding, however, the traditional connection technology has a plurality of defects, the bonding technology is influenced by curing time and environmental sensitivity factors, and the mechanical fastening technology has the problems of stress concentration and the like. With the development of welding technology, laser welding, friction stir welding, resistance welding and other connecting technologies are gradually applied to the preparation of metal/CFRTP structural members. Compared with other welding technologies, the ultrasonic welding technology has the characteristics of short welding time and low energy input, but under the traditional ultrasonic welding technology, the two materials of metal and CFRTP have poor compatibility and weak interfacial adsorption force, so that the two materials cannot be tightly connected, and the problems cannot be further improved only by changing the technological parameters and the surface state of the materials.
Aiming at the problem that the metal/CFRTP is difficult to connect, the state of an interface to be connected between the metal/CFRTP and the CFRTP is changed by adopting a surface treatment mode, so that the connecting effect of the metal/CFRTP and the CFRTP is improved, however, whether the metal/CFRTP and the CFRTP are subjected to mechanical treatment or chemical treatment, the dissimilar materials with extremely poor compatibility are still required to be compounded. It is thus possible to achieve a metal/CFRTP connection by adding an intermediate medium, which places stringent requirements on the intermediate medium, which needs to be able to meet a high degree of compatibility with both metal and CFRTP. Therefore, the invention proposes embedding resin-based microcapsules on the metal surface, which can well solve the problem and further enhance the connection effect of the metal and the CFRTP.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the two materials are difficult to be compatible and a high-quality metal/CFRTP connecting component cannot be formed when the traditional metal/CFRTP structural component is prepared in a compounding way, and particularly aiming at ultrasonic welding of the metal/CFRTP, the invention adds a laser processing metal surface microstructure, a silane coupling agent and microcapsule implantation on the basis of the traditional ultrasonic welding process so as to further improve the mechanical locking and chemical bonding strength of a metal and carbon fiber connecting joint.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the aim:
A preparation method of a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint comprises the following steps:
Step 1, selecting a plate: selecting a required metal plate and a carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate into a shape and a size which are actually required;
Step 2, plate surface treatment: removing greasy dirt and an oxidation film on the surfaces of the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate;
Step 3, laser processing of the surface of the metal plate: carrying out laser drilling treatment on the metal plate subjected to the surface treatment to process a micron-sized porous structure;
step 4, modifying the metal plate surface silane coupling agent: attaching a silane coupling agent to the surface of the metal plate after laser processing, and carrying out high-temperature modification treatment;
And 5, preparing microcapsules: adding a high polymer resin material into a solvent, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent to form uniform cladding liquid, then soaking chopped fiber bundles into the cladding liquid, cooling and solidifying by using liquid nitrogen, separating the solvent, and drying to obtain resin-based microcapsules embedded with the chopped fiber bundles;
and 6, microcapsule implantation: embedding the resin-based microcapsule embedded with the chopped fiber bundles into a micron-sized porous structure on the modified metal plate;
step 7, ultrasonic welding: overlapping and fixing the to-be-connected parts of the surface-treated carbon fiber composite material plate and the microcapsule-embedded metal plate in a single-side lap joint mode, and performing ultrasonic welding;
And 8, cooling the finished product.
Further, in the step 1, the metal plate is made of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or stainless steel.
Further, absolute ethyl alcohol is used for the surface treatment of the plate in the step 2.
Further, in the step3, a nanosecond laser processing system is adopted for laser processing of the surface of the metal plate, and parameters of the nanosecond laser processing system are set as follows: the speed is 200-500 mm/s, the frequency is 25kHz, and the power is 75-155W.
Further, in the step 3, the width or diameter of the micron-sized porous structure is 300-400 μm, and the depth is 200-600 μm.
Further, the specific steps of modifying the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate in the step 4 are as follows:
Completely soaking the metal plate with clear water to generate a seamless water film, and immediately soaking the metal plate in the silane coupling agent for 1-2 min; and taking out the metal plate, drying the surface water film, and then keeping the metal plate at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 20min to finish the modification of the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate.
Further, the silane coupling agent in the step 4 is KH-550 type silane coupling agent.
Further, in the step 5, the polymer resin material is nylon or polyetheretherketone, when the polymer resin material is nylon, the solvent is formic acid, the emulsifier is phospholipid emulsifier with the mass fraction of 1%, and the weight percentages of nylon, chopped fiber bundles, formic acid and phospholipid emulsifier are 40%:10%:20%:30%; when the polymer resin material is polyether-ether-ketone, the solvent is methylene dichloride, and the emulsifier is polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier with the mass fraction of 5%, wherein the weight percentages of the polyether-ether-ketone, the chopped fiber bundles, the methylene dichloride and the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier are 40%:5%:25%:30%.
Further, the resin-based microcapsule embedding the chopped fiber bundles in the step 5 is a spherical microcapsule, and the diameter of the spherical microcapsule is 80-150 mu m.
Further, in the step 7, the ultrasonic welding is performed on an ultrasonic welding device, and parameters of the ultrasonic welding device are set as follows: the rated power is 4kW, the rated frequency is 20kHz, the maximum welding amplitude is 52 mu m, the welding time is 2500-4000 ms, and the welding pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. When the traditional ultrasonic welding method is adopted, the movement of the chopped carbon fiber bundles is blocked due to the high viscosity of the molten state of the resin, and the chopped carbon fiber bundles cannot enter holes in the surface of the metal plate. The invention utilizes the laser processing technology to process the surface of the metal plate into a micron-sized porous structure, and the resin-based microcapsule embedded with the chopped carbon fiber is embedded into the micron-sized porous structure on the surface of the metal plate, and in the ultrasonic welding process, the resin film on the surface of the microcapsule is melted at high temperature to release the chopped carbon fiber bundles in the microcapsule, so as to form a remarkable pinning effect; under the action of pressure, the molten resin of the carbon fiber composite material plate is filled into the micron-sized porous structure on the surface of the metal plate, is compatible with the resin film on the surface of the molten microcapsule, extrudes the molten microcapsule to be in close contact with the metal plate, and simultaneously facilitates the wetting and spreading of the resin on the surface of the metal plate, thereby providing a favorable environment for the chemical bonding effect of the connecting interface of the metal/carbon fiber composite material and forming a firm and reliable connecting joint. The method is applicable to joint connection of simple structural members such as L-shaped and T-shaped structures and complex structural members such as lattices.
2. The invention is the microcapsule-assisted metal/carbon fiber composite material strong pinning ultrasonic welding, and has the characteristic of good interface connection strength.
3. The laser processing microstructure and microcapsule implantation technology adopted by the invention are advanced and reasonable, have feasibility and can be used for the composite preparation of high-strength and high-quality metal/CFRTP structural members.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the micro morphology of the joint interface of the metal/carbon fiber composite joint of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a morphology of a micro-scale porous structure obtained using laser processing in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional profile of the micro-porous structure obtained by laser processing in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic topography of the joint interface of the metal/carbon fiber composite material without embedded microcapsules.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint comprises the following steps:
Step 1, selecting a plate: selecting a required metal plate and a carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate into a shape and a size which are actually required;
In this embodiment, 5052 aluminum alloy plate with length of 60mm, width of 20mm and thickness of 1mm and chopped carbon fiber reinforced nylon plate (SCF-PA) with the same size are selected, namely, the metal plate in this embodiment is 5052 aluminum alloy plate, and the carbon fiber composite plate is chopped carbon fiber reinforced nylon plate.
Step 2, plate surface treatment: removing greasy dirt and an oxidation film on the surfaces of the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 3, laser processing of the surface of the metal plate: carrying out laser drilling treatment on the surface-treated metal plate by adopting a nanosecond laser processing system, and processing a micron-sized porous structure;
Parameters of the nanosecond laser processing system are set as follows: the speed is 200mm/s, the frequency is 25kHz, the power is 75W, the processed micron-sized porous structure is cylindrical, the width or diameter is 300 mu m, and the depth is 200 mu m.
Step 4, modifying the metal plate surface silane coupling agent: the method comprises the following specific steps of:
Completely soaking the metal plate with clear water to generate a seamless water film, and immediately soaking the metal plate in the silane coupling agent for 1-2 min; taking out the metal plate, drying the surface water film, putting the metal plate into a box-type heating furnace, and then keeping the metal plate at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 20min to finish the modification of the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate, wherein the silane coupling agent in the embodiment is KH-550 type silane coupling agent.
And 5, preparing microcapsules: adding a high polymer resin material into a solvent, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent to form uniform cladding liquid, then soaking chopped fiber bundles into the cladding liquid, cooling and solidifying by using liquid nitrogen, separating the solvent, and drying to obtain resin-based microcapsules embedded with the chopped fiber bundles;
the polymer resin material of the embodiment is nylon, formic acid is selected as the solvent, and phospholipid emulsifier with mass fraction of 1% is selected as the emulsifier, wherein the weight percentages of the nylon, the chopped fiber bundles, the formic acid and the phospholipid emulsifier are 40%:10%:20%:30, the resin-based microcapsule embedding the chopped fiber bundles is a spherical microcapsule, and the diameter of the spherical microcapsule is 80-120 mu m.
And 6, microcapsule implantation: embedding the resin-based microcapsule embedded with the chopped fiber bundles into a micron-sized porous structure on the modified metal plate;
step 7, ultrasonic welding: overlapping and fixing the to-be-connected parts of the surface-treated carbon fiber composite material plate and the microcapsule-embedded metal plate in a single-side lap joint mode, and performing ultrasonic welding;
The ultrasonic welding of the present embodiment is performed on an ultrasonic welding apparatus whose parameters are set as follows: the rated power is 4kW, the rated frequency is 20kHz, the maximum welding amplitude is 52 mu m, the welding time is 2500ms, and the welding pressure is 0.3MPa. The actual energy consumption range of ultrasonic welding in the embodiment is 600-1000J.
And 8, cooling the finished product.
The microstructure of the metal/carbon fiber composite joint prepared in example 1 was observed, and the results are shown in fig. 1 to 3, wherein fig. 1 is a microscopic morphology of the joint connection interface of the metal/carbon fiber composite joint, fig. 2 is a morphology of the micron-sized porous structure obtained by laser processing, fig. 3 is a three-dimensional contour morphology of the micron-sized porous structure obtained by laser processing, and fig. 4 is a microscopic morphology of the joint connection interface of the metal/carbon fiber composite joint without embedded microcapsules.
The unilateral lap joint metal/carbon fiber composite material joint obtained by the embodiment has good appearance, and a large number of chopped carbon fiber bundles are released by the microcapsules melted at high temperature at the joint interface, so that the micron-sized porous structure on the surface of the metal plate is fully filled, and a remarkable pinning effect is formed; the molten resin of the carbon fiber composite material plate is filled into the micron-sized porous structure on the surface of the metal plate under the action of pressure, is fused with the resin film molten by the microcapsule, and is tightly contacted with the metal plate by extrusion, so that the wetting and spreading of the resin on the surface of the metal plate are facilitated; by virtue of the favorable conditions such as high temperature, pressure, extrusion of molten resin in the micron-sized porous structure and the like, chemical bonding action is formed at the connecting interface of the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate, and the chemical bonding action is particularly concentrated in the micron-sized porous structure; and testing the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint to be 1997.86N by adopting an Instron 5900 electronic universal tester. When the traditional ultrasonic welding method is adopted under the same surface treatment condition, the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint is 144.36N.
Example 2
A preparation method of a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint comprises the following steps:
Step 1, selecting a plate: selecting a required metal plate and a carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate into a shape and a size which are actually required;
in this embodiment, an AZ318 magnesium alloy plate with a length of 60mm, a width of 20mm and a thickness of 1mm and a chopped carbon fiber reinforced nylon plate (SCF-PA) with the same size are selected, namely, the metal plate in this embodiment is an AZ318 magnesium alloy plate, and the carbon fiber composite plate is a chopped carbon fiber reinforced nylon plate.
Step 2, plate surface treatment: removing greasy dirt and an oxidation film on the surfaces of the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 3, laser processing of the surface of the metal plate: carrying out laser drilling treatment on the surface-treated metal plate by adopting a nanosecond laser processing system, and processing a micron-sized porous structure;
Parameters of the nanosecond laser processing system are set as follows: the speed is 300mm/s, the frequency is 25kHz, the power is 110W, the processed micron-sized porous structure is cylindrical, the width or diameter is 350 mu m, and the depth is 500 mu m.
Step 4, modifying the metal plate surface silane coupling agent: the method comprises the following specific steps of:
Completely soaking the metal plate with clear water to generate a seamless water film, and immediately soaking the metal plate in the silane coupling agent for 1-2 min; taking out the metal plate, drying the surface water film, putting the metal plate into a box-type heating furnace, and then keeping the metal plate at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 20min to finish the modification of the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate, wherein the silane coupling agent in the embodiment is KH-550 type silane coupling agent.
And 5, preparing microcapsules: adding a high polymer resin material into a solvent, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent to form uniform cladding liquid, then soaking chopped fiber bundles into the cladding liquid, cooling and solidifying by using liquid nitrogen, separating the solvent, and drying to obtain resin-based microcapsules embedded with the chopped fiber bundles;
the polymer resin material of the embodiment is nylon, formic acid is selected as the solvent, and phospholipid emulsifier with mass fraction of 1% is selected as the emulsifier, wherein the weight percentages of the nylon, the chopped fiber bundles, the formic acid and the phospholipid emulsifier are 40%:10%:20%:30, the resin-based microcapsule embedding the chopped fiber bundles is a spherical microcapsule, and the diameter of the spherical microcapsule is 80-120 mu m.
And 6, microcapsule implantation: embedding the resin-based microcapsule embedded with the chopped fiber bundles into a micron-sized porous structure on the modified metal plate;
step 7, ultrasonic welding: overlapping and fixing the to-be-connected parts of the surface-treated carbon fiber composite material plate and the microcapsule-embedded metal plate in a single-side lap joint mode, and performing ultrasonic welding;
The ultrasonic welding of the present embodiment is performed on an ultrasonic welding apparatus whose parameters are set as follows: the rated power is 4kW, the rated frequency is 20kHz, the maximum welding amplitude is 52 mu m, the welding time is 3000ms, and the welding pressure is 0.4MPa. The practical energy consumption range of ultrasonic welding in the embodiment is 1000-1500J.
And 8, cooling the finished product.
The unilateral lap joint metal/carbon fiber composite material joint obtained by the embodiment has good appearance, the joint part is observed, the molten resin and the chopped carbon fiber bundles are filled in the micron-sized porous structure on the surface of the metal plate, a remarkable pinning effect is formed, and the bonding strength of the unilateral lap joint metal/carbon fiber composite material joint is improved; and testing the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint to be 1020.93N by adopting an Instron 5900 electronic universal tester. When the traditional ultrasonic welding method is adopted under the same surface treatment condition, the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint is 123.78N.
Example 3
A preparation method of a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint comprises the following steps:
Step 1, selecting a plate: selecting a required metal plate and a carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate into a shape and a size which are actually required;
In this embodiment, an SS304 stainless steel plate with a length of 60mm, a width of 20mm and a thickness of 1mm and a chopped carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone plate (SCF-PEEK) with the same size are selected, namely, the metal plate in this embodiment is an SS304 stainless steel plate, and the carbon fiber composite material plate is a chopped carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone plate.
Step 2, plate surface treatment: removing greasy dirt and an oxidation film on the surfaces of the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 3, laser processing of the surface of the metal plate: carrying out laser drilling treatment on the surface-treated metal plate by adopting a nanosecond laser processing system, and processing a micron-sized porous structure;
Parameters of the nanosecond laser processing system are set as follows: the speed is 500mm/s, the frequency is 25kHz, the power is 155W, the processed micron-sized porous structure is cylindrical, the width or diameter is 400 mu m, and the depth is 600 mu m.
Step 4, modifying the metal plate surface silane coupling agent: the method comprises the following specific steps of:
Completely soaking the metal plate with clear water to generate a seamless water film, and immediately soaking the metal plate in the silane coupling agent for 1-2 min; taking out the metal plate, drying the surface water film, putting the metal plate into a box-type heating furnace, and then keeping the metal plate at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 20min to finish the modification of the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate, wherein the silane coupling agent in the embodiment is KH-550 type silane coupling agent.
And 5, preparing microcapsules: adding a high polymer resin material into a solvent, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent to form uniform cladding liquid, then soaking chopped fiber bundles into the cladding liquid, cooling and solidifying by using liquid nitrogen, separating the solvent, and drying to obtain resin-based microcapsules embedded with the chopped fiber bundles;
The polymer resin material of the embodiment is polyether-ether-ketone, the solvent is dichloromethane, the emulsifier is polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier with mass fraction of 5%, and the weight percentages of the polyether-ether-ketone, the chopped fiber bundles, the dichloromethane and the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier are 40%:5%:25%:30, the resin-based microcapsule embedding the chopped fiber bundles is a spherical microcapsule, and the diameter of the spherical microcapsule is 120-150 mu m.
And 6, microcapsule implantation: embedding the resin-based microcapsule embedded with the chopped fiber bundles into a micron-sized porous structure on the modified metal plate;
step 7, ultrasonic welding: overlapping and fixing the to-be-connected parts of the surface-treated carbon fiber composite material plate and the microcapsule-embedded metal plate in a single-side lap joint mode, and performing ultrasonic welding;
The ultrasonic welding of the present embodiment is performed on an ultrasonic welding apparatus whose parameters are set as follows: the rated power is 4kW, the rated frequency is 20kHz, the maximum welding amplitude is 52 mu m, the welding time is 4000ms, and the welding pressure is 0.6MPa. The practical energy consumption of ultrasonic welding in this embodiment can be up to 2000J.
And 8, cooling the finished product.
The unilateral lap joint metal/carbon fiber composite material joint obtained by the embodiment has good appearance, the joint part is observed, the molten resin and the chopped carbon fiber bundles are filled in the micron-sized porous structure on the surface of the metal plate, a remarkable pinning effect is formed, and the bonding strength of the unilateral lap joint metal/carbon fiber composite material joint is improved; and testing the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint to be 983.57N by adopting an Instron 5900 electronic universal tester. When the traditional ultrasonic welding method is adopted under the same surface treatment condition, the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint is 110.12N.
Comparative example 1
The ultrasonic reinforced connection method of the aluminum alloy/SCF-PA comprises the following steps:
Step 1, selecting an experimental plate: 5052 aluminum alloy sheet having a length of 60mm, a width of 20mm and a thickness of 1mm and chopped carbon fiber reinforced nylon sheet (SCF-PA) of the same size were selected.
Step 2, plate surface treatment: the aluminum plate and the SCF-PA plate are scrubbed by absolute ethyl alcohol cleaning solution.
Step 3, electrolytic machining of the surface of the aluminum plate: the electrolytic machining process adopts a constant current mode for machining, the current is 5A, the electrolyte is selected to be 2mol/LNaOH solution, and the machining depth of the small hole is controlled through the duration time of electrolytic machining. A6*6-micron porous and inclined cylindrical lattice structure is processed, the diameter of the microstructure is 300 mu m, the depth is 500 mu m, the interval is 200 mu m, and the inclination angle is 60 degrees.
Step 4, treating the surface of the aluminum plate by using a silane coupling agent: the aluminum plate is completely soaked by clear water to generate a seamless water film, and the seamless water film is immediately soaked into the silane treating agent to enhance the bonding effect.
Step 5, ultrasonic welding: and combining the SCF-PA plate with the surface oil stain removed and the part to be connected of the aluminum plate obtained by electrolytic machining in a single-side lap joint mode, and performing ultrasonic welding, wherein the rated power of ultrasonic equipment is 4kW, the rated frequency is 20kHz, the welding time is 2500ms, the maximum welding amplitude is 52 mu m, and the welding pressure is 0.3MPa. The actual energy consumption of the ultrasonic welding in this embodiment is about 1000J.
And 6, cooling the finished product.
In the embodiment, the micron-sized porous and inclined cylindrical lattice structure is processed by electrolytic machining of the metal surface, and the molten resin and the chopped carbon fiber bundles are extruded into the metal surface by utilizing the action of an ultrasonic energy field, so that the tight combination of the metal/carbon fiber composite material can be promoted, and the prepared interface area has the problem of damage of the carbon fiber composite material. And testing the maximum tensile shear force of the metal/carbon fiber composite material joint to be 1087.64N by adopting an Instron 5900 electronic universal tester. In the embodiment 1 of the invention, a method of 'metal surface laser processing microstructure + silane coupling agent pretreatment + microcapsule implantation' is adopted, resin-based microcapsules embedding chopped fiber bundles are implanted into a micron-sized porous structure on the surface of a metal plate, the microcapsules are melted in the ultrasonic welding process, and the chopped carbon fiber bundles in the microcapsules are released, so that the melted resin and the chopped carbon fiber bundles are tightly adsorbed on the surface of the metal plate. Compared with electrolytic machining, the method has higher precision, is favorable for embedding microcapsules with specific sizes, further enhances the close contact among resin, carbon fiber bundles and metal, and has the advantages of tighter bonding interface, higher bonding strength and better shape. In terms of connection strength, the maximum tensile shear obtained by the method is increased by 910.22N by using the same material.
To sum up: the invention adopts a microcapsule-assisted metal/carbon fiber composite material strong pinning ultrasonic welding method, can realize the preparation of high-strength structural members of different metal materials (aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, stainless steel and the like) and carbon fiber composite materials (SCF-PA, SCF-PEEK and the like), and the experimental data are shown in table 1.
Table 1 experimental data for metal/carbon fiber composite joints in examples
While the principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, selecting a plate: selecting a required metal plate and a carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate into a shape and a size which are actually required;
Step 2, plate surface treatment: removing greasy dirt and an oxidation film on the surfaces of the metal plate and the carbon fiber composite material plate;
Step 3, laser processing of the surface of the metal plate: carrying out laser drilling treatment on the metal plate subjected to the surface treatment to process a micron-sized porous structure;
step 4, modifying the metal plate surface silane coupling agent: attaching a silane coupling agent to the surface of the metal plate after laser processing, and carrying out high-temperature modification treatment;
And 5, preparing microcapsules: adding a high polymer resin material into a solvent, uniformly stirring, adding an emulsifying agent to form uniform cladding liquid, then soaking chopped fiber bundles into the cladding liquid, cooling and solidifying by using liquid nitrogen, separating the solvent, and drying to obtain resin-based microcapsules embedded with the chopped fiber bundles;
and 6, microcapsule implantation: embedding the resin-based microcapsule embedded with the chopped fiber bundles into a micron-sized porous structure on the modified metal plate;
step 7, ultrasonic welding: overlapping and fixing the to-be-connected parts of the surface-treated carbon fiber composite material plate and the microcapsule-embedded metal plate in a single-side lap joint mode, and performing ultrasonic welding;
And 8, cooling the finished product.
2. The method for preparing the microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate in the step 1 is made of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or stainless steel.
3. The method for preparing the microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1, wherein absolute ethyl alcohol is used for the surface treatment of the plate in the step 2.
4. The method for preparing the microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate surface laser processing in the step 3 adopts a nanosecond laser processing system, and parameters of the nanosecond laser processing system are set as follows: the speed is 200-500 mm/s, the frequency is 25kHz, and the power is 75-155W.
5. The method for preparing a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the width or diameter of the micron-sized porous structure in the step 3 is 300-400 μm, and the depth is 200-600 μm.
6. The method for preparing the microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of modifying the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate in the step 4 are as follows:
Completely soaking the metal plate with clear water to generate a seamless water film, and immediately soaking the metal plate in the silane coupling agent for 1-2 min; and taking out the metal plate, drying the surface water film, and then keeping the metal plate at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 20min to finish the modification of the silane coupling agent on the surface of the metal plate.
7. The method for preparing a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the silane coupling agent in the step 4 is KH-550 type silane coupling agent.
8. The method for preparing the microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the polymer resin material is nylon or polyether ether ketone, when the polymer resin material is nylon, the solvent is formic acid, the emulsifier is phospholipid emulsifier with mass fraction of 1%, and the weight percentages of nylon, chopped fiber bundles, formic acid and phospholipid emulsifier are 40%:10%:20%:30%; when the polymer resin material is polyether-ether-ketone, the solvent is methylene dichloride, and the emulsifier is polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier with the mass fraction of 5%, wherein the weight percentages of the polyether-ether-ketone, the chopped fiber bundles, the methylene dichloride and the polyvinyl alcohol emulsifier are 40%:5%:25%:30%.
9. The method for preparing a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the resin-based microcapsule embedding the chopped fiber bundles in the step 5 is a spherical microcapsule, and the diameter of the spherical microcapsule is 80-150 μm.
10. The method for preparing a microcapsule strong pinning metal/carbon fiber composite material joint according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7, ultrasonic welding is performed on an ultrasonic welding device, and parameters of the ultrasonic welding device are set as follows: the rated power is 4kW, the rated frequency is 20kHz, the maximum welding amplitude is 52 mu m, the welding time is 2500-4000 ms, and the welding pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPa.
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