CN117773328A - Method for welding metal - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a metal welding method, which comprises the steps of providing a first metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is provided with a plurality of joint surfaces which are sequentially connected, and the heights of the joint surfaces are different; forming a second metal layer on the joint surface of the first metal layer; setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer, which is away from the first metal layer; setting welding parameters of a welding area; and irradiating laser to the welding area so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are combined by welding. According to the embodiment of the application, the first metal layer and the second metal layer which are in the special-shaped structures are combined into a whole through the laser welding technology, the welding parameters are adjusted in a partitioning mode according to the specific structure of the special-shaped structures, the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is guaranteed, and therefore combination of metal materials of the special-shaped structures except a simple plane can be achieved, and the overall rigidity of the composite metal structure can be enhanced.

Description

Method for welding metal

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of metal plate processing, in particular to a metal welding method.

Background

Existing metal bonding methods include cold/hot rolling, explosion forming, and the like. The cold/hot rolling method is to laminate metal/alloy plates with different components by utilizing the excellent plastic deformation capability of metal, and then to process and form the metal plates into a layered composite material by adopting a cold/hot processing method. Explosion forming is to compound metal blank by utilizing great chemical energy released by explosive material in the moment of explosion.

However, the above two methods can be applied only to the compounding of planar materials, but cannot be applied to the compounding of materials having a special-shaped structure such as an inclined plane. In the production process of some parts, special-shaped structural wires are needed to be adopted to preliminarily increase the overall rigidity of the parts, and then the combination of different metal materials is realized, so that the rigidity of the composite metal structure is ensured, but the prior art cannot be applied to the combination of materials with special-shaped structures such as inclined planes and the like.

Therefore, how to provide a metal welding method, which can be suitable for the compounding of metal materials with different structures, is a problem that needs to be solved by the existing manufacturers.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a metal welding method which can be suitable for compounding metal materials with different structures.

In view of this, the present application provides a welding method of a metal, the welding method of a metal including:

providing a first metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is provided with a plurality of joint surfaces which are sequentially connected, and the heights of the joint surfaces are different;

forming a second metal layer on the joint surface of the first metal layer;

setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer, which is away from the first metal layer;

setting welding parameters of the welding area; and

and irradiating laser to the welding area so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are combined through welding.

In the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the welding area includes a first welding area and a second welding area, and the setting of the welding area includes the following specific steps:

setting a welding interface between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, wherein the welding interface comprises a first welding sub-interface and a second welding sub-interface which are sequentially connected, the first welding sub-interface is a plane with constant welding depth, and the second welding sub-interface is an inclined plane with gradually changing welding depth;

setting the surface area of the second metal layer corresponding to the first welding sub-interface as the first welding area;

and setting the surface area of the second metal layer corresponding to the second welding sub-interface as the second welding area.

In the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the setting of the welding parameters of the welding area includes the following specific steps:

setting a plurality of welding subareas to be irradiated by laser on the first welding area and the second welding area, wherein the welding subareas are arranged in a matrix;

and adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding subareas.

In the metal welding method provided by the embodiment of the application, the area of the welding subarea meets the following formula: s=m×m, m is greater than or equal to t1×20, where S is the area of the welding sub-area, m is the side length of the welding sub-area, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area;

the spacing between adjacent welding subareas satisfies the following formula: T1X 120 is greater than or equal to L1 and greater than or equal to T1X 60, wherein L1 is the distance between adjacent welding subareas, T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area, and the welding depth is the distance from the surface of the second metal layer, which deviates from the first metal layer, to the welding interface.

In the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, after the setting of the plurality of welding areas to be irradiated by the laser, the method further includes the following steps:

dividing the welding subarea so as to arrange a plurality of welding blocks surrounding the central area of the welding subarea in the peripheral area of the welding subarea.

In the metal welding method provided by the embodiment of the application, the welding block comprises a plurality of parallel welding bars which are arranged at intervals.

In the metal welding method provided by the embodiment of the application, the side length of the welding block meets the following formula: d1 Not less than 1/5D2, wherein D1 is the side length of the welding block, and D2 is the side length of the welding subarea;

the spacing between adjacent welding blocks satisfies the following formula: and L2 is less than or equal to 1/5D2, wherein L2 is the distance between adjacent welding blocks, and D2 is the side length of the welding subarea.

In the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, after the setting of the plurality of welding sub-areas to be irradiated by the laser, the method further includes the following steps:

dividing the welding subareas so as to arrange a plurality of welding blocks in matrix arrangement in the welding subareas.

In the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-regions includes the following steps:

acquiring the welding depth of the first welding area;

adjusting laser parameters of the welding subareas corresponding to the first welding areas, wherein the energy of the laser adopted by the welding subareas corresponding to the first welding areas meets the following formula: n1 is larger than or equal to a multiplied by T1, wherein N1 is the energy of laser of the welding subarea corresponding to the first welding area, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area;

obtaining a welding depth of the second welding area, wherein the welding depth of the second welding area is a constant value of the following formula: t2=t1+ [ (m-c) ×tan θ ], where T2 is a welding depth of the second welding region, m is a distance from a center of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region to an outer edge of the second metal layer, c is a distance from a junction of the first welding sub-interface and the second welding sub-interface to the outer edge of the second metal layer, and θ is an angle between the second welding sub-interface and a horizontal plane; and

adjusting laser parameters of the welding subareas corresponding to the second welding areas, wherein the energy of the laser adopted by the welding subareas corresponding to the second welding areas meets the following formula: n2 is more than or equal to 1.1×a×T2, wherein N2 is the energy of the laser of the welding subarea corresponding to the second welding area.

In the metal welding method provided by the embodiment of the application, the second welding sub-interface is an inclined plane with gradient change of welding depth.

The metal welding method comprises the steps of providing a first metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is provided with a plurality of joint surfaces which are connected in sequence, and the heights of the joint surfaces are different; forming a second metal layer on the joint surface of the first metal layer; setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer, which is away from the first metal layer; setting welding parameters of a welding area; and irradiating laser to the welding area so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are combined by welding. According to the embodiment of the application, the first metal layer and the second metal layer which are in the special-shaped structures are combined into a whole through the laser welding technology, and the welding parameters are adjusted in a partitioning mode according to the specific structure of the special-shaped structures, so that the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is guaranteed. Therefore, not only the combination of the metal materials of the different structures except the simple plane can be realized, but also the overall rigidity of the composite metal structure can be enhanced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a composite metal corresponding to a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a second schematic structural diagram of a composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the V part in fig. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fifth sub-flowchart of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of welding parameters of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic of a three-point test.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a three-point test in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of main reference numerals:

first metal layer 10

Joint surface 11

Groove 101

Groove bottom wall 102

Groove sidewall 103

Second metal layer 20

Lower surface 21

Upper surface 23

Projections 22

Welding subarea 30

First welding sub-interface 41

Second welding sub-interface 42

First welding region 51

Second weld region 52

Welding block 31

Support block 110

Briquette 120

Product 100

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, features and advantages of the present application may be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, the described embodiments are merely some, rather than all, of the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for trimming a metal plate according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps.

Step S101, providing a first metal layer 10, where the first metal layer is provided with a plurality of bonding surfaces connected in sequence, and the heights of the plurality of bonding surfaces are different.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic first structural diagram of a composite metal corresponding to a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 includes a perspective view and a top view of a composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the first metal layer 10 includes a plurality of bonding surfaces 11 connected in sequence, and the plurality of bonding surfaces 11 are different in height. The joint surface 11 of the first metal layer 10 is provided with a groove 101, and the groove 101 is recessed relative to the joint surface 11. The groove 101 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section in a direction parallel to the thickness direction of the first metal layer 10, so that the opening size of the groove 101 gradually decreases as the depth of the groove 101 increases. The groove 101 has a groove bottom wall 102 and groove side walls 103 connecting the groove bottom wall 102.

Step S102, forming a second metal layer 20 on the bonding surface 11 of the first metal layer 10.

As shown in fig. 2, the lower surface 21 of the second metal layer 20 is disposed opposite the bonding surface 11. The bonding surface 11 of the first metal layer 10 is bonded to the lower surface 21 of the second metal layer 20. The projection 22 is provided protruding on the lower surface 21. The shape and size of the protrusions 22 on the second metal layer 20 are substantially identical to those of the grooves 101, and thus, the second metal layer 20 is formed on the first metal layer 10, and the protrusions 22 can be just accommodated in the grooves 101.

The method is characterized in that on the basis that the integral structure of the first metal layer 10 is kept unchanged, a plurality of joint surfaces 11 are sequentially connected to the first metal layer 10, and the heights of the joint surfaces 11 are different, so that the mechanical property of the integral material is enhanced. Specifically, the present embodiment digs the first metal layer 10 into the groove 101 and forms the protrusions 22 of the profile groove 101 on the second metal layer 20 to match the groove 101, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the overall material.

Step S103, a welding area is set on the surface of the second metal layer 20 facing away from the first metal layer 10.

During welding, laser light irradiates the upper surface 23 of the second metal layer 20 away from the first metal layer 10, and passes through the second metal layer 20 to reach the connection (welding) interface between the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20. Definition of welding depth: the laser passes through the second metal layer 20 to a thickness at the weld interface of the second metal layer 20 and the first metal layer 10.

Step S104, setting welding parameters of the welding area.

Step S105: and irradiating laser to the welding area so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are combined by welding.

It should be noted that, by laser irradiation, the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20 form a mixed metal molten pool at the bonding interface (welding interface) between the two, so that the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20 are effectively fused to obtain the corresponding composite metal material.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first sub-process of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, step S103 includes the steps of: step S1031, setting a welding interface between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method according to the embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 2 and 4 in combination, the first welding sub-interface 41 is a plane with a constant welding depth, and the second welding sub-interface 42 is a slope with a gradually changing welding depth.

The first welding sub-interface 41 is a connection interface between the bonding surface 11 of the first metal layer 10 and the lower surface 21 of the second metal layer 20. The second solder sub-interface 42 is the interface between the bump 22 of the second metal layer 20 and the groove sidewall 103 of the first metal layer 10.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where it is to be noted that the second welding sub-interface is an inclined plane with a gradient change in welding depth. Wherein the welding depth gradient change is a special form of gradual change of the welding depth.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 101 is not a trapezoid as shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 5, the groove 101 may also be designed to include a multi-stage stepped shape, and the side wall of the groove 101 is designed to be a stepped shape, so that the opening size of the groove 101 is ensured to gradually decrease as the depth of the groove 101 increases, and the shape of the corresponding protrusion 22 also relates to the stepped protrusion 22.

In step S1032, the surface area of the second metal layer 20 corresponding to the first welding sub-interface 41 is set as the first welding area 51.

In step S1033, the surface area of the second metal layer 20 corresponding to the second welding sub-interface 42 is set as the second welding area 52.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4 in combination, the welding depth T1 of the first welding region 51 is constant and has a minimum welding depth value. The welding depth of the second welding area is sequentially increased from T2, and the welding depth of the second welding area is sequentially increased from T1.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second sub-process of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, step S104 includes the steps of:

in step S1041, a plurality of welding sub-areas to be irradiated by laser are set in the first welding area and the second welding area, where the plurality of welding sub-areas are arranged in a matrix.

It should be noted that after the first welding area 51 and the second welding area 52 are partitioned, the welding parameters in different areas can be adjusted in a targeted manner, and meanwhile, the localized bonding mode reduces the risk of the material failing in the integral bonding under the subsequent stress-strain environment, that is, when the unit area stress of the material exceeds the unit area bonding force, the welding bonding area fails, and the welding area is partitioned due to the localization, and the regional failure does not affect the rest position blocks, so that the integral bonding failure is avoided.

Wherein the area of the welding subarea satisfies the following formula: s=m×m, m is equal to or greater than t1×20, where S is the area of the welding sub-area, m is the side length of the welding sub-area, T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area 51, and the welding depth is the distance from the outer surface of the second metal layer to the welding interface.

Wherein the spacing of adjacent welding subareas satisfies the following formula: T1X 120 is greater than or equal to L1 is greater than or equal to T1X 60, wherein L1 is the distance between adjacent welding subareas, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area 51.

The matrix of the welding sub-areas 30 shown in fig. 2 is merely illustrative, and the number of rows and columns of the actual matrix may be adjusted and designed according to the welding area. Each of the solder subregions 30 is square, and defines a unidirectional dimension m and an area m×m of each of the solder subregions 30. According to the verification result, in order to ensure that the welded material has enough welding strength, does not influence the overall planeness change of the welded material and has better material rigidity after welding, the unidirectional dimension m of the welding subarea 30 is required to be more than or equal to T1 multiplied by 20, wherein T1 is the welding depth (namely the minimum welding depth) of the first welding area 51; in addition, the pitch L1 of the adjacent two solder subregions 30 in the row and column directions (unidirectional direction) of the matrix may be selected in the range of t1×60 or more and t1×120 or less.

The first welding area 51 and the second welding area 52 adopt a plurality of welding subareas 30 which are arranged in the same matrix, the unidirectional dimension m of each welding subarea 30 is at least more than or equal to T1 multiplied by 20, and the unidirectional spacing between two adjacent welding subareas 30 is more than or equal to T1 multiplied by 60 and less than or equal to T1 multiplied by 120. It has been found that if the spacing between two adjacent weld sub-areas 30 in one direction is less than 60 times the depth of weld, the effect of improving the mechanical properties of the material is reduced, with an increased risk of deformation.

In one embodiment, the welding depth (i.e. the minimum welding depth) T1 of the first welding region 51 is 0.1mm, so that the area size of each welding sub-region 30 is required to be 2×2mm or more, and the unidirectional pitch of each welding sub-region 30 is 6-12mm.

Step S1042, adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding subareas.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, step S104 includes the steps of:

in step S1041, a plurality of welding sub-areas to be irradiated by laser are set in the first welding area and the second welding area, where the plurality of welding sub-areas are arranged in a matrix.

Step S1043, dividing the welding sub-area, so as to set a plurality of welding blocks surrounding the central area of the welding sub-area in the peripheral area of the welding sub-area.

It should be noted that, each of the solder sub-areas 30 is further divided into small blocks to form a plurality of solder blocks 31, so that failure analysis, that is, bonding of the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20, can be further reduced.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding sub-region 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, a plurality of solder bumps 31 surrounding the central region of the solder sub-region 30 are provided in the peripheral region of the solder sub-region 30. Wherein the four sides of the welding sub-area 30 are respectively provided with at least two welding blocks 31 arranged at intervals. In this embodiment, each of the solder bumps 31 is square. In other embodiments, the solder bumps 31 may be other shapes. Wherein the welding block 31 is filled with a plurality of lasers arranged in parallel and at intervals.

Through verification, the mode of dividing the welding subareas 30 into the welding blocks 31 which are arranged at intervals is not different from the laser welding binding force of the whole welding subareas 30, and meanwhile, the mode of dividing the welding subareas 30 into the welding blocks 31 which are arranged at intervals can further reduce failure risk, and meanwhile, the welding time can be effectively shortened, and the welding time is 40% of the welding time of the whole welding subareas 30.

Wherein the side length of the welding block 31 satisfies the following formula: d1 1/5D2, wherein D1 is the side length of the adjacent welding block 31 and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region 30. The pitch of adjacent welding blocks 31 satisfies the following formula: l2 +.1/5D 2, where L2 is the spacing between adjacent solder bumps 31 and D2 is the side length of the solder subregion 30.

In one embodiment, each of the solder sub-areas 30 may be divided into eight solder bumps 31 having an area of 0.46×0.46mm, respectively, arranged at a unidirectional spacing of 0.3 mm. Meanwhile, each welding block 31 is filled by a plurality of lasers which are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the adjacent lasers is 0.03mm.

Step S1042, adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding subareas.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, step S104 includes the steps of:

in step S1041, a plurality of welding sub-areas to be irradiated by laser are set in the first welding area and the second welding area, where the plurality of welding sub-areas are arranged in a matrix.

Step S1044, dividing the welding sub-area, so as to set a plurality of welding blocks arranged in a matrix in the welding sub-area.

It should be noted that, when a welding sub-area 30 needs higher welding strength, the welding sub-area 30 may be further divided, so that a plurality of welding blocks 31 arranged in a matrix are disposed in the welding sub-area 30. The embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 differs from that of fig. 7 in that: further welding blocks 31 are provided in the middle region of the welding sub-region 30 to increase the welding strength.

Wherein, the side length of the welding block 31 satisfies the following formula: d1 1/5D2, wherein D1 is the side length of the adjacent welding block, and D2 is the side length of the welding subarea 30;

the pitch between adjacent welding blocks 31 satisfies the following formula: and L2 is less than or equal to 1/5D2, wherein L2 is the distance between adjacent welding blocks, and D2 is the side length of the welding subarea 30.

Wherein the welding block 31 comprises a plurality of welding bars which are arranged in parallel and at intervals. The welding bar is a laser-irradiated region.

Step S1042, adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding subareas.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the welding interface has an inclined plane design, so after the welding area is partitioned, the laser parameters corresponding to different welding sub-areas 30 of the bar need to be adjusted in a targeted manner.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fifth sub-flow of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of welding parameters of a metal welding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, step S1042 includes the steps of:

step S10421, obtaining a welding depth of the first welding area.

Step S10422, adjusting a laser parameter of the welding sub-area corresponding to the first welding area, where the energy of the laser adopted by the welding sub-area corresponding to the first welding area satisfies the following formula: n1 is larger than or equal to a multiplied by T1, wherein N1 is the energy of laser of the welding subarea corresponding to the first welding area, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area.

Step S10423, obtaining a welding depth of the second welding area, wherein the welding depth of the second welding area is set by the following formula: t2=t1+ [ (m-c) ×tan θ ], where T2 is a welding depth of the second welding region, m is a distance from a center of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region to an outer edge of the second metal layer, c is a distance from a junction of the first welding sub-interface and the second welding sub-interface to the outer edge of the second metal layer, and θ is an angle between the second welding sub-interface and a horizontal plane.

Step S10424, adjusting a laser parameter of the welding sub-area corresponding to the second welding area, where the energy of the laser adopted by the welding sub-area corresponding to the second welding area satisfies the following formula: n2 is more than or equal to 1.1 xa x T2, wherein N2 is the energy of laser of the welding subarea corresponding to the second welding area, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area.

It should be noted that, through verification, the laser energy at least needs 1.1 times of the laser energy at the plane when welding at the inclined plane, so that the effective welding at the inclined plane can be realized. Meanwhile, in order to effectively avoid thermal deformation caused by excessive laser energy input, the laser energy at the inclined plane can be controlled to be 1.1 times of the laser energy at the plane.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a three-point test. As shown in fig. 12, the welded product is subjected to a three-point bending test, the product 100 is placed on two supporting blocks 110 spaced apart, and then a pressing block 120 is placed on the front surface of the product 100 to press down the product 100 to bend the product 100, and the related test results are obtained. The number of test samples is four, and the test samples are respectively: the product using the bevel weld shown in fig. 2, the product using the planar step weld shown in fig. 5, and a single first metal layer, a first metal layer and a second metal layer stacked on top of each other without being welded.

Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a three-point test according to an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, when the deformation (Extension) is in the range of 1-3mm, the larger the slope of the curve is, the more rigid is represented. As shown in fig. 13, compared with the first metal layer and the second metal layer which are stacked and not welded together, and the simple first metal layer, the rigidity of the composite metal product processed by the laser welding method of the present application is obviously improved.

Wherein, because the welding area comprises a plane and an inclined plane area, the conventional laser mode for plane welding cannot simultaneously consider the plane and the inclined plane, and the similar laser welding effect is ensured. Therefore, in the method for welding metal provided in the embodiment of the present application, the conventional welding pattern is processed by dividing the conventional welding pattern into blocks, and the welding pattern on the whole welding area is divided into blocks, and different welding energy gradients are set according to the depth of the corresponding bonding surface of the corresponding welding sub-area 30, so that the bonding surface at each position is guaranteed to have a good welding effect.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, since the welding regions include different first and second welding regions 51 and 52, one is a planar welding and one is a bevel welding. Therefore, the first welding area 51 and the second welding area 52 are provided with different welding energy gradients according to the welding depths corresponding to the subareas, so that good welding effect at each bonding interface is ensured. The metal welding method provided by the embodiment of the application can realize the anisotropic bonding of metal materials except for simple plane bonding materials. According to the embodiment of the application, the first metal layer and the second metal layer which are in the special-shaped structures are combined into a whole through the laser welding technology, and the welding parameters are adjusted in a partitioning mode according to the specific structure of the special-shaped structures, so that the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is guaranteed. Therefore, not only the combination of the metal materials of the different structures except the simple plane can be realized, but also the overall rigidity of the composite metal structure can be enhanced.

The welding method of the metal comprises the steps of providing a first metal layer, wherein the first metal layer comprises a plurality of joint surfaces which are connected in sequence, and the heights of the joint surfaces are different; forming a second metal layer on the joint surface of the first metal layer; setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer, which is away from the first metal layer; setting welding parameters of a welding area; and irradiating laser to the welding area so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are combined by welding. According to the embodiment of the application, the first metal layer and the second metal layer which are in the special-shaped structures are combined into a whole through the laser welding technology, and the welding parameters are adjusted in a partitioning mode according to the specific structure of the special-shaped structures, so that the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is guaranteed. Therefore, not only the combination of the metal materials of the different structures except the simple plane can be realized, but also the overall rigidity of the composite metal structure can be enhanced.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method of welding a metal, the method comprising:

providing a first metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is provided with a plurality of joint surfaces which are sequentially connected, and the heights of the joint surfaces are different;

forming a second metal layer on the joint surface of the first metal layer;

setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer, which is away from the first metal layer;

setting welding parameters of the welding area; and

and irradiating laser to the welding area so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are combined through welding.

2. The method of welding metal according to claim 1, wherein the welding area comprises a first welding area and a second welding area, and the setting of the welding area comprises the specific steps of:

setting a welding interface between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, wherein the welding interface comprises a first welding sub-interface and a second welding sub-interface which are sequentially connected, the first welding sub-interface is a plane with constant welding depth, and the second welding sub-interface is an inclined plane with gradually changing welding depth;

setting the surface area of the second metal layer corresponding to the first welding sub-interface as the first welding area;

and setting the surface area of the second metal layer corresponding to the second welding sub-interface as the second welding area.

3. The method of welding metal according to claim 2, wherein said setting welding parameters of said welding area comprises the specific steps of:

setting a plurality of welding subareas to be irradiated by laser on the first welding area and the second welding area, wherein the welding subareas are arranged in a matrix; and

and adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding subareas.

4. A method of welding metal according to claim 3, wherein the area of the weld sub-area satisfies the following formula: s=m×m, m is greater than or equal to t1×20, where S is the area of the welding sub-area, m is the side length of the welding sub-area, T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area, and the welding depth is the distance from the surface of the second metal layer facing away from the first metal layer to the welding interface;

the spacing between adjacent welding subareas satisfies the following formula: T1X 120 is greater than or equal to L1 and greater than or equal to T1X 60, wherein L1 is the distance between adjacent welding subareas, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area.

5. A method of welding metal according to claim 3, wherein said arranging a plurality of welding sub-areas to be irradiated with laser light is followed by the steps of:

dividing the welding subarea so as to arrange a plurality of welding blocks surrounding the central area of the welding subarea in the peripheral area of the welding subarea.

6. The method of welding metal according to claim 5, wherein the weld block comprises a plurality of parallel and spaced apart weld bars.

7. A method for welding metal according to claim 5, wherein,

the side length of the welding block meets the following formula: d1 Not less than 1/5D2, wherein D1 is the side length of the welding block, and D2 is the side length of the welding subarea;

the spacing between adjacent welding blocks satisfies the following formula: and L2 is less than or equal to 1/5D2, wherein L2 is the distance between adjacent welding blocks, and D2 is the side length of the welding subarea.

8. A method of welding metal according to claim 3, wherein said arranging a plurality of welding sub-areas to be irradiated with laser light is followed by the steps of:

dividing the welding subareas so as to arrange a plurality of welding blocks in matrix arrangement in the welding subareas.

9. The method of welding metal according to claim 2, wherein said adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-regions comprises the steps of:

acquiring the welding depth of the first welding area;

adjusting laser parameters of the welding subareas corresponding to the first welding areas, wherein the energy of the laser adopted by the welding subareas corresponding to the first welding areas meets the following formula: n1 is larger than or equal to a multiplied by T1, wherein N1 is the energy of laser of the welding subarea corresponding to the first welding area, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area;

obtaining a welding depth of the second welding area, wherein the welding depth of the second welding area is a constant value of the following formula: t2=t1+ [ (m-c) ×tan θ ], where T2 is a welding depth of the second welding region, m is a distance from a center of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region to an outer edge of the second metal layer, c is a distance from a junction of the first welding sub-interface and the second welding sub-interface to the outer edge of the second metal layer, and θ is an angle between the second welding sub-interface and a horizontal plane; and

adjusting laser parameters of the welding subareas corresponding to the second welding areas, wherein the energy of the laser adopted by the welding subareas corresponding to the second welding areas meets the following formula: n2 is more than or equal to 1.1×a×T2, wherein N2 is the energy of the laser of the welding subarea corresponding to the second welding area.

10. The method of welding metal according to claim 2, wherein the second welding sub-interface is a slope having a gradient of welding depth.