CN117761823A - Optical waveguide device and head-mounted display device - Google Patents
Optical waveguide device and head-mounted display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117761823A CN117761823A CN202211139753.1A CN202211139753A CN117761823A CN 117761823 A CN117761823 A CN 117761823A CN 202211139753 A CN202211139753 A CN 202211139753A CN 117761823 A CN117761823 A CN 117761823A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses an optical waveguide device and head-mounted display equipment, wherein the optical waveguide device comprises a waveguide substrate, and at least one coupling-in region and at least two coupling-out regions which are arranged on the waveguide substrate; the coupling-in area is provided with a coupling-in grating for coupling light into the waveguide substrate; the coupling-out region is provided with a coupling-out grating, the coupling-out grating comprises a grating array formed by a plurality of grating units, each grating unit is of an asymmetric polygonal structure and comprises at least two pairs of straight sides which are parallel and have different normal vectors, and the coupling-out region is used for coupling out light rays propagating in the waveguide substrate after being expanded along two dimension directions. According to the scheme, the grating units with the asymmetric polygonal structures are adopted in the coupling-out areas, scattered pupil expansion is carried out on the light rays which are transmitted to the coupling-out areas through total reflection in the waveguide substrate in two dimension directions, so that the light rays emitted from the coupling-out areas can be paved in the coupling-out areas for human eyes to watch, and the optical transmission efficiency of the optical module is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of augmented reality, and particularly relates to an optical waveguide device and head display equipment.
Background
Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR for short), is a technology that ingeniously merges virtual information with the real world. Currently, optical waveguide devices are commonly used to implement augmented reality solutions.
The optical waveguide device is based on micro-nano optical technology, and realizes selective wavelength imaging by utilizing the selective directional diffraction of light by the diffraction of the nano grating. Although the existing grating structure is designed finely to achieve high diffraction efficiency on a certain diffraction order, as the existing grating structure is symmetrical, part of light rays of the symmetrical diffraction order can be lost, so that less light rays are coupled out at the human eye side, and the problem of low light efficiency utilization rate is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present application is to provide a new technical solution for an optical waveguide device and a head display apparatus.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided an optical waveguide device comprising a waveguide substrate, and at least one coupling-in region and at least two coupling-out regions disposed on the waveguide substrate;
the coupling-in area is provided with a coupling-in grating for coupling light into the waveguide substrate;
the coupling-out area is provided with a coupling-out grating, the coupling-out grating comprises a grating array formed by a plurality of grating units, each grating unit is of an asymmetric polygonal structure and comprises at least two pairs of straight sides which are parallel and have different normal vectors, and the coupling-out area is used for coupling out light rays propagating in the waveguide substrate after expanding along two dimension directions.
Optionally, the coupling-in grating is a one-dimensional grating, and the period of the coupling-in grating in the grating vector direction is T0;
the coupling-out grating is a two-dimensional grating, and has a first period T1 in a first direction and a second period T2 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
wherein the first direction is the same as the grating vector direction of the coupling-in grating, and the T1 is twice the T0.
Optionally, the at least two coupling-out regions include a first coupling-out region and a second coupling-out region, the first coupling-out region and the second coupling-out region are respectively provided with the coupling-out grating, and the coupling-out grating of the first coupling-out region and the coupling-out grating of the second coupling-out region have the same grating period and grating vector direction;
the grating units of the first coupling-out region and the grating units of the second coupling-out region are in one-to-one correspondence, and any two corresponding grating units are symmetrically arranged relative to the first direction.
Optionally, the grating unit is a parallelogram.
Optionally, the out-coupling regions are arranged in an even number on the waveguide substrate.
Optionally, the grating vector of the coupling-in grating is K1, the grating vectors of the coupling-out grating are K2 and K3, respectively, and the K1, K2 and K3 form a closed vector triangle.
Optionally, the sum of the grating vectors of the in-coupling grating and the at least two out-coupling gratings is 0.
Optionally, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are located on the same surface of the waveguide substrate to form a reflective diffractive optical waveguide; or,
the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are respectively positioned on two surfaces opposite to the waveguide substrate to form a transmission type diffraction optical waveguide.
Optionally, the arrangement of the at least two coupling-out regions includes at least one of: the at least two out-coupling regions are disposed adjacent to, spaced apart from, and at least partially overlapping one another on one surface of the waveguide substrate.
Optionally, at least one of the incoupling grating and the grating unit is a holographic grating or a photonic crystal grating.
Optionally, the coupling-in grating includes two one-dimensional gratings, and the two one-dimensional gratings are disposed at intervals, adjacently, or at least partially overlapped in the same coupling-in region.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a head-mounted display device including the optical waveguide device of the first aspect.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are that:
in the embodiment of the application, the coupling-out area adopts the asymmetric polygonal structure grating unit to expand pupils of light rays propagating in the waveguide substrate in two dimension directions, so that the light rays emitted from the coupling-out area can be paved on the coupling-out area watched by human eyes, the visual range of a user is enlarged, the optical transmission efficiency of the optical module is improved, and the immersion feeling of the user when the optical waveguide device is used can be improved.
Other features of the present application and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is one of the optical path diagrams of the optical waveguide device provided in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a second optical path diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a third schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100. a waveguide substrate; 110. a coupling-in region; 111. coupling into the grating; 120. a coupling-out region; 121. coupling out the grating; 1201. a grating unit; 1001. a first diffracted light; 1002. a second diffracted light; 1003. a first outgoing light ray; 1004. a third diffracted light; 1005. and a second emergent ray.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
According to one embodiment of the present application, an optical waveguide device is provided that is applicable in, for example, augmented reality devices. The augmented reality device includes, for example, AR smart glasses, AR helmets, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
Embodiments of the present application provide an optical waveguide device, referring to fig. 1, the optical waveguide device includes a waveguide substrate 100, and at least one coupling-in region 110 and at least two coupling-out regions 120 disposed on the waveguide substrate 100;
the coupling-in region 110 is provided with a coupling-in grating 111 for coupling light into the waveguide substrate 100;
the coupling-out region 120 is provided with a coupling-out grating 121, the coupling-out grating 121 includes a grating array formed by a plurality of grating units 1201, wherein each grating unit 1201 has an asymmetric polygonal structure, the grating units 1201 include at least two pairs of straight sides parallel to each other and having different normal vectors, and the coupling-out region 120 is configured to couple out light propagating in the waveguide substrate 100 after being expanded along two dimension directions.
Referring to fig. 1, an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present application includes a waveguide substrate 100 including two first surfaces and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The optical waveguide device further includes at least one coupling-in region 110 and at least two coupling-out regions 120, which are respectively and correspondingly used for coupling in imaging light and coupling out light. The coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 may be disposed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the waveguide substrate 100. The arrangement of the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 on the waveguide substrate 100 in the embodiment of the present application is not limited, that is, the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the embodiment shown in fig. 1, in which the coupling-in region 110 and the two coupling-out regions 120 are disposed on the same surface, for example, the first surface, of the waveguide substrate 100.
Alternatively, the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 may be located on the same side surface of the waveguide substrate 100. Of course, the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 may also be disposed on two opposite side surfaces of the waveguide substrate 100.
Likewise, when two or more coupling-in regions are provided on the waveguide substrate 100, these coupling-in regions may be located on the same side surface of the waveguide substrate 100, or may be designed to be located on opposite side surfaces of the waveguide substrate 100.
Likewise, when two or more outcoupling regions are provided on the waveguide substrate 100, different outcoupling regions 120 may be co-located on the same side surface of the waveguide substrate 100, or may be designed to be located on opposite side surfaces of the waveguide substrate 100.
That is, the optical waveguide device of the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the distribution positions of the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 on the waveguide substrate 100, so long as the coupling-in region 110 can couple light into the waveguide substrate 100, and the coupling-out region 120 can couple light out after the light propagates to the coupling-out region 120 by total reflection in the waveguide substrate 100.
In the embodiment of the present application, the coupling-out region 120 is provided with a coupling-out grating 121, and the coupling-out grating 121 may include, for example, a plurality of grating units 1201 (i.e., minimum repeating units in a grating array), and the plurality of grating units 1201 may form a grating array of a set shape. For example, a parallelogram array as shown in fig. 2.
The grating unit 1201 of the embodiment of the present application is completely different from the conventional grating structure symmetrical about the X-axis and/or the Y-axis, and is a grating structure symmetrical about neither the X-axis nor the Y-axis, and one shape of the grating unit 1201 is, for example, a shape including at least two pairs of straight sides parallel and different in normal vector, and exhibits, for example, a parallelogram structure, as shown in fig. 2. The structure can avoid losing part of light rays of the symmetrical diffraction orders, and the coupled light rays are coupled out in the coupling-out region 120 in a multi-directional overall expansion manner, so that the coupled light rays on the human eye side are increased, and the light efficiency utilization rate can be improved.
In this embodiment, the grating unit 1201 with an asymmetric polygonal structure is used in the coupling-out region 120 to expand the pupil of the light propagating in the waveguide substrate in two dimensions, so that the light exiting through the coupling-out region 120 can be spread over the coupling-out region 120 for viewing by human eyes, thus the visual range of the user is enlarged, which is beneficial to improving the optical transmission efficiency of the optical module, and the immersion feeling of the user when using the optical waveguide device is improved.
In the optical waveguide device of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, referring to fig. 2, the grating unit 1201 is parallelogram shaped.
When the grating unit 1201 is a parallelogram, the grating unit 1201 includes two pairs of straight sides that are parallel and have different normal vectors. This forms a quadrilateral of asymmetric structure, which is neither symmetrical about the X-axis nor about the Y-axis. When light is coupled out from the coupling-out region 120 through the grating unit 1201, as many light can be coupled out in two dimension directions as possible, which is beneficial to improving the light efficiency utilization rate and enabling the user to obtain good immersion experience.
Note that, the grating unit 1201 is not limited to having two pairs of straight sides with different parallel normal vectors forming an asymmetric quadrilateral, but may also include three pairs of straight sides with different parallel normal vectors forming an asymmetric hexagon, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to define that the normal vectors of the straight sides of the grating units 1201 are different, so that the structure of each grating unit 1201 does not have a symmetry axis, that is, the grating unit 1201 has an asymmetric structure, but is not limited to the parallelogram.
In the optical waveguide device of the embodiment of the present application, the coupling-in grating 111 receives the light emitted by, for example, an optical engine, and couples the light into the waveguide substrate 100, so as to generate the first diffracted light 1001 propagating toward the respective coupling-out gratings 121. Since the coupling-out gratings 121 disposed in the respective coupling-out regions 120 are identical, the propagation paths of the light rays are identical.
Referring to fig. 3, the same surface of the waveguide substrate 100 is respectively provided with a coupling-in region 110 and two coupling-out regions 120, wherein the two coupling-out regions 120 are symmetrically arranged in a left-right direction; the coupling-in regions 110 are provided with coupling-in gratings 111, and each of the coupling-out regions 120 is provided with a coupling-out grating 121, which is illustrated in fig. 3 as an example in which the light propagation path is described by taking the coupling-out grating 121 located on the right side as an example. Specifically:
referring to fig. 3, the first diffracted light 1001 symmetrically propagates the second diffracted light 1002 (having a diffraction order different from that of the first diffracted light 1001) to both sides when incident on the right coupling-out grating 121, and couples out the first exit light 1003. The second diffracted light 1002 continues to propagate in the original direction in the waveguide substrate 100, and when the second diffracted light 1002 is incident again on the right coupling-out grating 121, a third diffracted light 1004 is generated, and a second exit light 1005 is coupled out. The direction of the third diffracted ray 1004 is the same as the direction of the first diffracted ray 1001 (parallel to each other is shown in fig. 3), and the second diffracted ray 1002 continues to propagate in the original direction within the waveguide substrate 100. When the light rays such as the first diffracted light ray 1001 and the third diffracted light ray 1004 are incident to the right coupling-out grating 121 again, the coupled-out emergent light rays are generated, and simultaneously, the coupled-out emergent light rays are continuously transmitted forward, so that the pupil expansion is continuously performed on the light rays, more light rays can be conveniently coupled out, and more light rays can be coupled into human eyes.
It should be noted that, the coupling-out grating 121 entering the left side via the coupling-in grating 111 and the coupling-out grating 121 entering the right side behave the same, and can be in a symmetrical state. Finally, after the light rays are pupil-expanded by the left and right coupling-out gratings 121, the emergent light rays will be spread over the coupling-out area for human eyes to watch. Therefore, the visual angle of a user can be enlarged, and the light efficiency utilization rate can be improved.
According to the optical waveguide device, the coupling-out units of the asymmetric polygonal structure are arranged in the coupling-out region 120, so that when each grating unit diffracts light rays transmitted to the coupling-out region 120, more light rays are formed to be diffused and coupled along the set angles in two different transmission directions, and the light rays can be spread on the viewing region of human eyes as much as possible, so that the light efficiency of the optical waveguide device is improved.
In this embodiment of the present application, the coupling-in grating 111 is a one-dimensional grating, and a period of the coupling-in grating 111 in a grating vector direction is T0; the coupling-out grating 121 is a two-dimensional grating, the coupling-out grating 121 has a first period T1 in a first direction and a second period T2 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; wherein the first direction is the same as the grating vector direction of the coupling-in grating, and the T1 is twice the T0.
Wherein the coupling-in grating in the coupling-in region 110 is a one-dimensional grating. The direction of the one-dimensional grating vector is, for example, a vertical grating line, which is the direction of its periodic variation, and its length is equal to the reciprocal of the grating period.
In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the coupling-in regions 110 is not particularly limited, and may be one, two or more.
It should be noted that, when the coupling-in area 110 is provided in plural, the waveguide substrate 100 may have, for example, plural one-dimensional gratings with different vector directions.
Wherein the out-coupling grating in the out-coupling region 120 is a two-dimensional grating. The two-dimensional grating has two grating vectors in different directions, and the two grating vectors in the two directions are perpendicular to each other or can be any set included angle.
For example, a two-dimensional grating is periodically distributed in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
In the embodiment of the present application, the grating vector direction of the out-coupling grating 121 in the first direction is the same as the in-coupling grating vector direction of the in-coupling grating 111, and in this vector direction, the period T1 of the out-coupling grating 121 is preferably designed to be twice the period T0 of the in-coupling grating 111, and at this time, the first diffracted light 1001 forms 60 ° with the second diffracted light 1002.
In a specific example, the period T0 of the coupling-in grating 111 is 200nm-600nm; the first period T1 of the outcoupling grating 121 in a first direction is 400nm-1200nm, while the period in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction is 230nm-700nm. The light coupled out by the coupling-out area 120 can completely spread the human eyes, so that the light efficiency utilization rate is improved, and the light-emitting device is suitable for most users and can enable the users to obtain better immersion experience.
Taking the example of two out-coupling gratings 121 disposed on the waveguide substrate 100, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the vector directions and the period lengths of the two out-coupling gratings 121 are the same.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the at least two coupling-out regions 120 include a first coupling-out region and a second coupling-out region (located on the left and right sides in fig. 2 and symmetrically disposed), the coupling-out gratings 121 are respectively disposed in the first coupling-out region and the second coupling-out region, and the coupling-out gratings 121 in the first coupling-out region and the coupling-out gratings 121 in the second coupling-out region have the same grating period and grating vector direction;
the grating units 1201 of the first coupling-out region and the grating units 1201 of the second coupling-out region are in a one-to-one correspondence, and any two corresponding grating units 1201 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first direction. Wherein the first direction is consistent with the direction of the grating vector of the in-coupling grating 111.
It should be noted that, the grating units 1201 of the first coupling-out region and the grating units 1201 of the second coupling-out region are in a one-to-one correspondence, and the number of the grating units 1201 in the two coupling-out regions 120 is the same. Meanwhile, the two grating units 1201 in one-to-one correspondence also need to be symmetrically arranged about a first direction, wherein the first direction is a grating vector direction coupled into the grating 111. Thus, taking the example of disposing two out-coupling regions 120 on the waveguide substrate 100, the out-coupling gratings 121 of the two out-coupling regions 120 are in a symmetrical state. The light entering the two out-coupling regions via the in-coupling grating 101 behaves identically and exhibits a symmetrical state.
Referring to fig. 4, the arrangement of a symmetrical two-dimensional grating structure on the waveguide substrate 100 can effectively weaken the diffraction efficiency of the secondary diffracted light compared to a single two-dimensional grating structure, concentrating most of the energy in a necessary transmission area, i.e., a human eye viewing area. Taking the coupling-out grating 121 on the right side as an example, it receives the first diffracted light 1001 from the coupling-in grating 111 and generates the second diffracted light 1002 and the first outgoing light 1003. The coupling-out grating 121 on the right side can reduce the diffraction efficiency of the second diffracted light 1002 (the secondary light) and improve the diffraction efficiency of the first outgoing light 1003 (the primary light), thereby avoiding energy waste and improving the overall system efficiency.
In some examples of the present application, the out-coupling regions 120 are provided in an even number on the waveguide substrate 100.
The number of the coupling-out areas 120 is even, so that the grating units 1201 in the two coupling-out areas 120 are distributed symmetrically one by one, the coupling-out quantity of light is increased, the viewing area of the human eye 01 can be paved as much as possible after the light exits, and the immersion experience of a user can be improved.
In some examples of the present application, the grating vector of the coupling-in grating 111 is K1, the grating vectors of the coupling-out grating 121 are K2 and K3, respectively, and the K1, K2 and K3 form a closed vector triangle.
Therefore, the emergent angle of the light during coupling-out can be ensured to be consistent with the incident angle of the light during coupling-in through the coupling-in area 110, which is beneficial to expanding the field angle of the optical waveguide device.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the coupling-out regions 120 is not limited to one, and may be two or more. The sum of the vectors of the in-coupling grating and the respective out-coupling grating should satisfy the vector sum as 0.
In some examples of the present application, the sum of the grating vectors of the in-coupling grating 111 and the at least two out-coupling gratings 121 is 0.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, taking an example of providing one coupling-in grating 111 and two coupling-out gratings 121 on the waveguide substrate 100, grating vectors of three regions may form a closed polygon, so as to ensure that an outgoing angle of light during coupling-out is consistent with an incident angle during coupling-in of the coupling-in region 110. By adopting this structure, the angle of view of the optical waveguide device can be enlarged.
In some examples of the present application, the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 are located on the same surface of the waveguide substrate 100 to form a reflective diffractive optical waveguide; or,
the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 are respectively located on two surfaces opposite to the waveguide substrate 100 to form a transmissive diffraction optical waveguide.
The optical waveguide device can be flexibly designed as a reflective diffraction optical waveguide or a transmissive diffraction optical waveguide according to requirements, and the specific type of the optical waveguide device is not limited in the embodiment of the application.
In some examples of the present application, the at least two coupling-out regions 120 are disposed in at least one of the following manners: the at least two out-coupling regions 120 are disposed adjacently, at intervals, and at least partially overlapping on one surface of the waveguide substrate 100.
That is, at least two of the coupling-out regions 120 may be disposed on the surface of the waveguide substrate 100 in an overlapping or non-overlapping manner. The location of the coupling-out region 120 is flexible.
It should be noted that the overlapping refers to overlapping of the two or more coupling-out gratings 121 in the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate 100. Wherein the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate 100, i.e., the direction perpendicular to both surfaces of the waveguide substrate 100.
In some examples of the present application, at least one of the incoupling grating 111 and the grating unit 1201 is a holographic grating or a photonic crystal grating.
Wherein, the holographic grating is a grating manufactured by adopting a holographic technique. The optical holographic technology mainly uses the optical coherence superposition principle, namely simply by adjusting complex terms (time terms), so that the peak value of two light wave trains is superposed, and the peak Gu Diejia is obtained, thereby achieving the technology that the coherent field has higher contrast. The coupling-in grating 111 and/or the coupling-out grating 121 manufactured by adopting the holographic grating processing can not generate ghost light when performing light diffraction, the generated stray light is small, and the resolution of the obtained graph light is higher.
Photonic crystal gratings are regular optical structures fabricated from a periodic arrangement of media of different refractive indices. Such materials, because of their photonic band gap, are capable of blocking photons of a specific frequency, thereby affecting the movement of the photons. The coupling-in grating 111 and/or the coupling-out grating 121 manufactured by adopting photonic crystal processing can realize the selection of the wavelength of light, and improve the diffraction effect of the grating.
In some examples of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the in-coupling grating 111 includes two one-dimensional gratings, and the two one-dimensional gratings are disposed at intervals, adjacently, or at least partially overlapping in the same in-coupling region 110.
For example, in one coupling-in region 110, the coupling-in grating 111 is formed by two symmetrical one-dimensional gratings, which may be partially overlapped, separated or fully overlapped, so that the field angle FOV of the optical waveguide device may be enlarged, and a user may obtain a good immersion experience when using the optical waveguide device for visual experience.
In the optical waveguide device of the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 5, the coupling-in region 110 and the coupling-out region 120 are located on the same surface of the waveguide substrate 100, where the two coupling-out regions 120 are disposed adjacently and symmetrically, and the coupling-in region 110 is disposed in a direction inclined with respect to the symmetry axis of the two coupling-out regions 120.
The application also provides a head mounted display device comprising the optical waveguide device as described above.
For example, the head-mounted display apparatus includes a housing, and two optical waveguide devices disposed within the housing, which may correspond to the left and right eyes of a user, respectively.
The head-mounted display device of the embodiment of the application may be, for example, an augmented reality display device, such as AR glasses or AR helmets.
Although specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An optical waveguide device, characterized by comprising a waveguide substrate (100), and at least one coupling-in region (110) and at least two coupling-out regions (120) arranged on the waveguide substrate (100);
the coupling-in region (110) is provided with a coupling-in grating (111) for coupling light into the waveguide substrate (100);
the coupling-out region (120) is provided with a coupling-out grating (121), the coupling-out grating (121) comprises a grating array formed by a plurality of grating units (1201), each grating unit (1201) is of an asymmetric polygonal structure, the grating units (1201) comprise at least two pairs of straight sides which are parallel and have different normal vectors, and the coupling-out region (120) is used for expanding light rays propagating in the waveguide substrate (100) along two dimension directions and then emitting the light rays.
2. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the incoupling grating (111) is a one-dimensional grating, the period of the incoupling grating (111) in the direction of the grating vector being T0;
the out-coupling grating (121) is a two-dimensional grating, the out-coupling grating (121) having a first period T1 in a first direction and a second period T2 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
wherein the first direction is the same as the grating vector direction of the coupling-in grating, and the T1 is twice the T0.
3. The optical waveguide device according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least two out-coupling regions (120) comprise a first out-coupling region and a second out-coupling region, the first out-coupling region and the second out-coupling region being provided with the out-coupling grating (121) respectively, and the out-coupling grating (121) of the first out-coupling region and the out-coupling grating (121) of the second out-coupling region having the same grating period and grating vector direction;
the grating units (1201) of the first coupling-out region and the grating units (1201) of the second coupling-out region are in one-to-one correspondence, and any two corresponding grating units (1201) are symmetrically arranged relative to the first direction.
4. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grating unit (1201) is parallelogram shaped.
5. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the out-coupling regions (120) are arranged in an even number on the waveguide substrate (100).
6. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grating vector of the coupling-in grating (111) is K1, the grating vectors of the coupling-out grating (121) are K2, K3, respectively, the K1, K2 and K3 constituting a closed vector triangle.
7. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sum of the grating vectors of the in-coupling grating (111) and the at least two out-coupling gratings (121) is 0.
8. The optical waveguide device of claim 1, wherein the coupling-in region (110) and the coupling-out region (120) are co-located on the same surface of the waveguide substrate (100) to form a reflective diffractive optical waveguide; or,
the coupling-in region (110) and the coupling-out region (120) are respectively located on two surfaces opposite to the waveguide substrate (100) to form a transmissive diffractive optical waveguide.
9. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least two coupling-out regions (120) are arranged in at least one of the following ways: the at least two out-coupling regions (120) are adjacently disposed, spaced apart and at least partially overlapping on one surface of the waveguide substrate (100).
10. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the coupling-in grating (111) and the grating unit (1201) is a holographic grating or a photonic crystal grating.
11. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the incoupling grating (111) comprises two one-dimensional gratings, and that the two one-dimensional gratings are arranged at intervals, adjacently or at least partly overlapping in the same incoupling region (110).
12. A head-mounted display device comprising the optical waveguide device of any of claims 1-11.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211139753.1A CN117761823A (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Optical waveguide device and head-mounted display device |
| PCT/CN2023/106474 WO2024060796A1 (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2023-07-10 | Optical waveguide device and head-mounted display apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211139753.1A CN117761823A (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Optical waveguide device and head-mounted display device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117761823A true CN117761823A (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211139753.1A Pending CN117761823A (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Optical waveguide device and head-mounted display device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117761823A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024060796A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3339936A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-27 | Oculus VR, LLC | Waveguide display with a small form factor, a large field of view and a large eyebox |
| GB201903708D0 (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-05-01 | Wave Optics Ltd | Improved angular uniformity waveguide for augmented or virtual reality |
| CN211236328U (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-08-11 | 北京至格科技有限公司 | Waveguide device and display device |
| CN114137655B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-12-23 | 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 | Optical waveguide device for AR apparatus, method of manufacturing the same, and AR apparatus |
| KR20230133860A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2023-09-19 | 스냅 인코포레이티드 | Apparatus and method for compensating for pantoscopic tilt or wrap/sweep tilt effects on images displayed on an augmented reality or virtual reality display |
| CN113534328A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-10-22 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | Augmented reality diffraction optical waveguide and augmented reality display device |
| CN113777707B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2024-02-13 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Optical structure and optical device |
| CN114994825B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-03-10 | 嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司 | Diffractive optical waveguide, method of designing and method of forming the same, and display device |
| CN115016057B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-04 | 北京驭光科技发展有限公司 | Diffractive light waveguide and display apparatus having the same |
| CN219162419U (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-06-09 | 上海鲲游科技有限公司 | Coupling-out grating structure, diffraction optical waveguide and augmented reality device |
| CN116125585A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-16 | 舜宇奥来半导体光电(上海)有限公司 | Augmented reality waveguide structure |
-
2022
- 2022-09-19 CN CN202211139753.1A patent/CN117761823A/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-07-10 WO PCT/CN2023/106474 patent/WO2024060796A1/en unknown
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| WO2024060796A1 (en) | 2024-03-28 |
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