CN117756301A - Device and method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage - Google Patents
Device and method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241001509286 Thiobacillus denitrificans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001397 Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004783 oxidative metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage, wherein the device comprises a water distribution tank, a water inlet pipe, a water distribution pipe, a water outlet pipe and a plurality of biological filters; the biological filter is filled with a filter material layer; the filter material in the filter material layer contains natural sulfur and/or pyrite, the surface of the filter material is provided with a biological film, and the biological film contains phosphorus accumulating bacteria and autotrophic thiobacillus denitrificans; compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention uses autotrophic thiobacillus to treat CO in air 2 HCO dissolved in water 3 ‑ And CO 3 2‑ As an inorganic carbon source, a reduced inorganic substance is used as an electron donor to reduce nitrate nitrogen in a low carbon nitrogen ratio water body lacking an organic carbon sourceIs a nitrogen process; in the process, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb phosphorus by taking nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor, and the phosphorus in water is absorbed for cell synthesis, so that the denitrification and dephosphorization functions are synchronously realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage.
Background
First, conventional denitrification process and disadvantages thereof
At present, the denitrification in the sewage treatment industry mainly adopts a treatment process that an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are connected in series at the rear end of a biological reaction tank, or a deep-bed denitrification filter is connected in series after secondary treatment.
The main purpose of the serial anoxic tank at the rear end of the biological reaction tank is to add carbon sources (methanol, ethanol, acetic acid and organic carbon sources) for denitrification and denitrification of heterotrophic microorganisms, and the purpose of the serial aerobic tank is to discharge nitrogen generated by denitrification out of the system through aeration, and meanwhile, the unconsumed carbon sources of the anoxic tank are removed, so that the COD of effluent is ensured not to exceed the standard and the sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank is ensured not to float. The process has the following disadvantages:
1. in order to ensure the denitrification effect, the carbon source is often excessively added, so that medicament waste is caused, and the operation cost is high;
2. in order to ensure that redundant carbon sources are fully consumed and the N2 generated in the denitrification process is discharged out of the system, the out-of-water COD is avoided exceeding standard, the out-water effect of the secondary sedimentation tank is ensured, a post-aerobic tank is required to be additionally arranged, the civil engineering investment is increased, and the equipment investment and the operation and maintenance cost of a blower, an aeration pipeline and the like are correspondingly increased.
3. The added carbon source is decomposed by microorganism and utilized by CO 2 The sewage treatment plant of the traditional technology has higher carbon emission and cannot adapt to transformation and upgrading of the sewage treatment industry under the double-carbon strategy.
The main purpose of the series deep-bed denitrification filter after the secondary treatment is to add a carbon source into the deep-bed denitrification filter and remove total nitrogen in sewage by utilizing the denitrification effect of heterotrophic microorganisms attached on the filter material. The process has the following disadvantages:
1. in view of the fact that no aerobic treatment process is adopted, total nitrogen in the effluent is easy to exceed standard when the carbon source is insufficient, COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent is excessive when the carbon source is excessive, and therefore great challenges are brought to process adjustment and cost control of operators.
2. In view of the fact that heterotrophic microorganisms proliferate at a high speed by using a carbon source, in order to ensure the treatment effect of the deep-bed denitrification filter, the heterotrophic microorganisms need to be backwashed regularly, the frequency of the heterotrophic microorganisms is generally once daily, and the operation energy consumption of the deep-bed denitrification filter is high; meanwhile, the filter tank cannot work during back flushing, so that the treatment load of other filter tanks is increased, and the treatment effect is affected.
(II) traditional dephosphorization technique and shortcoming thereof
The traditional dephosphorization process is mainly realized by means of excessive phosphorus release of microorganisms in an anaerobic state and excessive phosphorus absorption of microorganisms in an aerobic state; after phosphorus is absorbed by microorganisms, separation from the treatment system is realized mainly by virtue of sludge discharge.
In the anaerobic zone, facultative bacteria convert soluble BOD into volatile organic acids (VFA) through fermentation under anaerobic conditions without dissolved oxygen and nitrate nitrogen, the polyphosphate accumulating bacteria absorb the VFA and enter cells, assimilate and synthesize a storage substance of intracellular carbon source, namely poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), the required energy is derived from the reaction of the polyphosphate bacteria to convert organic phosphorus in the cells into inorganic phosphorus, and the phosphate is released; in the aerobic zone, the activity of the phosphorus accumulating bacteria is recovered and the phosphorus amount exceeding the growth requirement is stored in the form of phosphorus accumulating, energy is generated by oxidative metabolism of PHB for phosphorus absorption and phosphorus accumulating synthesis, the energy is stored in the form of high-energy bond of the polyphosphoric acid, the phosphate is removed from the liquid phase, and the generated high-phosphorus sludge is discharged in the form of residual sludge, so that the phosphorus is removed from the system.
However, the dephosphorization efficiency of the process is greatly influenced by the concentration of the phosphorus in the water, the concentration of the sludge and the sludge discharge amount, and the stable standard of the water outlet is difficult to ensure; therefore, in order to ensure the dephosphorization effect, a chemical dephosphorization process is often added in a secondary sedimentation tank or a subsequent advanced treatment section in actual operation, and the treatment cost is increased.
The chemical dephosphorization mainly comprises calcium salt chemical precipitation dephosphorization and aluminum and ferric salt chemical precipitation dephosphorization by a precipitation method, wherein the precipitation method comprises the steps ofThe reaction mechanism is that high-valence metal ions (Ca) are added into the wastewater 2+ 、Al 3+ 、Fe 3+ ) To precipitate it with phosphate ions and to assist coagulation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage comprises a water distribution tank, a water inlet pipe, a water distribution pipe, a water outlet pipe and a plurality of biological filters; a filter material layer is filled in the biological filter, and a supporting layer is arranged below the filter material layer; the filter material in the filter material layer contains natural sulfur and/or pyrite, the surface of the filter material is provided with a biological film, and the biological film contains phosphorus accumulating bacteria and autotrophic thiobacillus denitrificans;
the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water distribution tank, and external sewage enters the water distribution tank through the water inlet pipe; the water distribution tank is communicated with the biological filters through a water distribution pipe respectively, and the water outlet of the water distribution pipe, which is far away from the water distribution tank, is positioned at the bottom of the filter material layer of the biological filter; the outside of the biological filter is provided with a water outlet weir, and the water outlet pipe is arranged in the water outlet weir.
Preferably, the thickness of the filter material layer is between one meter and four meters.
Preferably, the filter material filter comprises an air inlet pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe is externally connected with a fan, and an air outlet of the air inlet pipe, which is far away from the fan end, is positioned at the bottom of a filter material layer of the biological filter.
Preferably, the device also comprises a back flushing device; the back flushing device comprises a back flushing water inlet pipe and a back flushing water outlet pipe, the back flushing water inlet pipe is externally connected with a back flushing water pump, and a water outlet of the back flushing water inlet pipe, which is far away from the back flushing water pump, is positioned at the bottom of the filter material layer; the backwash drain pipe is also installed in the water outlet weir.
The method for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage utilizes the device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage to treat sewage, and comprises the following steps:
the sewage enters a water distribution tank from a water inlet pipe, the sewage is uniformly distributed to a plurality of biological filters connected in parallel through the water distribution tank, the sewage uniformly flows upwards through a filter material layer from a water outlet of a water distribution pipe at the bottom of the biological filter, the treated supernatant enters an effluent weir in a falling mode, the effluent weir is connected with a water outlet pipe, and the sewage flows into a rear end unit after being collected by a water outlet pipe;
the sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage enter a device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing the sewage at the same time, and the water inlet rates of the sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage are required to be adjusted according to the actual sulfur content and nitrogen content, so that the S/N ratio is smaller than 3/4; the following reactions occur in the biofilter:
55 S+20 CO 2 +50 NO 3 - +38 H 2 O +4 NH 4 + →4C 5 H 7 O 2 N+25N 2 +55SO 4 2- +64H +
0.844 S 2 O 3 2- +NO 3 - +0.086 HCO 3 - +0.347 CO 2 +0.434 H 2 O+0.086 NH 4 + →0.5 N 2 +1.689 SO 4 2- +0.697 H + +0.086 C 5 H 7 O 2 N
0.421 H 2 S+0.421 HS − +NO 3 - +0.086 HCO 3 − +0.346 CO 2 +0.086 NH 4 + →0.5 N 2 +0.842 SO 4 2- +0.262 H + +0.086 C 5 H 7 O 2 N+0.434 H 2 O
therein S, S 2 O 3 2- 、H 2 S and HS − From sulfur-containing sewage, NO 3 - And NH 4 + From nitrogen-containing sewage, CO 2 And HCO 3 - CO from dissolution in water 2 ；
Meanwhile, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb phosphorus by taking nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor, and the phosphorus in water is absorbed for cell synthesis, so that the phosphorus removal of sewage is realized.
Preferably, when only nitrogen-containing sewage enters the water distribution tank, the thiobacillus denitrificans in the biological membrane of the filter material generates nitrogen by taking nitrate as an electron acceptor, and the sulfur element in the reaction formula comes from natural sulfur and/or pyrite in the filter material.
Preferably, the time interval from the outflow of sewage from the water distribution pipe at the bottom of the biological filter to the entry of sewage into the water outlet weir is 0.4h to 1.5h.
Preferably, the backwash interval is no longer than 15 days.
Preferably, the number of biofilters to be used is adjusted according to the sewage treatment scale.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The functions of sewage collaborative desulfurization, denitrification, dephosphorization and suspended matter removal are realized in one biological filter;
(2) The invention uses autotrophic thiobacillus to treat CO in air 2 HCO dissolved in water 3 - And CO 3 2- As the inorganic carbon source, in a reduced state (including S, S) - 、S 2- 、S 2 O 3 2- Fe and Fe 2+ Etc.) as electron donor, nitrate nitrogen (including NO) in low carbon nitrogen ratio water lacking organic carbon source 3 - -N and NO 2 - -N) reduction to nitrogen (N) 2 ) Is a process of (1); in the process, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb phosphorus by taking nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor, and the phosphorus in water is absorbed for cell synthesis, so that the denitrification and dephosphorization functions are synchronously realized;
(3) An air outlet of the air inlet pipe far away from the fan end is positioned at the bottom of a filter material layer of the biological filter, and air is blown into the biological filter by the air inlet pipe, so that CO in sewage is increased 2 The synchronous treatment of sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing sewage is convenient;
(4) The device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage can be used for replacing the traditional denitrification filter in a deep treatment section, and solves the problems that the denitrification in the traditional process is seriously dependent on an external carbon source, the treatment cost is high, the greenhouse gas emission is high, the operation energy consumption is high (the backwash frequency is high) and the like;
(5) The device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage can be used for replacing a high-density sedimentation tank and a sand filter tank of a deep treatment section, and solves the problems that the dephosphorizing efficiency of a secondary treatment section is unstable and the dephosphorizing effect is ensured to mainly depend on chemical dephosphorization;
(6) The sludge in the system is removed through back flushing, so that the problem that the floating of the sludge and the exceeding of phosphorus in water are caused by sludge discharge in the traditional process is avoided;
(7) Different numbers of biological filters can be connected in parallel according to different sewage treatment scales.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description of the embodiments will briefly describe the drawings that are required to be used in the description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device I for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of the device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a water distribution tank, 2-a water distribution pipe, 3-a water inlet pipe, 4-a back flushing water inlet pipe, 5-a water outlet pipe, 6-a back flushing water outlet pipe, 7-an air inlet pipe and 8-a filter material layer.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and examples.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.
Example 1
The following is a device for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage in embodiment 1 with reference to fig. 1-2, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a water distribution tank 1, a water inlet pipe 3, a water distribution pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 5 and a plurality of biological filters; the biological filter is filled with a filter material layer 8, and a supporting layer is arranged below the filter material layer 8; the filter material in the filter material layer 8 contains natural sulfur and pyrite, the surface of the filter material is provided with a biological film, and the biological film contains phosphorus accumulating bacteria and autotrophic thiobacillus denitrificans.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water inlet pipe 3 is communicated with the water distribution tank 1, and external sewage enters the water distribution tank 1 through the water inlet pipe 3; the water distribution tank 1 is communicated with the biological filters through a water distribution pipe 2, and the water outlet of the water distribution pipe 2, which is far away from the water distribution tank 1, is positioned at the bottom of a filter material layer 8 of the biological filter; the outer side of the biological filter is provided with a water outlet weir, and a water outlet pipe 5 is arranged in the water outlet weir.
The thickness of the filter material layer 8 of the device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage is between one meter and four meters.
The device for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage further comprises an air inlet pipe 7, wherein the air inlet pipe 7 is externally connected with a fan, and an air outlet of the air inlet pipe 7 far away from the fan end is positioned at the bottom of a filter material layer 8 of the biological filter, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage also comprises a back flushing device; the back flushing device comprises a back flushing water inlet pipe 4 and a back flushing water outlet pipe 6, the back flushing water inlet pipe 4 is externally connected with a back flushing water pump, and a water outlet of the back flushing water inlet pipe 4, which is far away from the end of the back flushing water pump, is positioned at the bottom of the filter material layer 8; a backwash drain 6 is also installed in the weir.
The method for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage utilizes the device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage to treat sewage, and comprises the following steps:
the sewage enters the water distribution tank 1 from the water inlet pipe 3, the sewage is uniformly distributed to a plurality of biological filters connected in parallel through the water distribution tank 1, the sewage uniformly flows upwards through the filter material layer 8 from the water outlet of the water distribution pipe 2 at the bottom of the biological filters, the treated supernatant enters the water outlet weir in a falling mode, the water outlet weir is connected with the water outlet pipe 5, and the sewage flows into the rear end unit after being summarized through the water outlet pipe 5.
The sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage enter a device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing the sewage at the same time, and the water inflow rates of the sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage are adjusted according to the actual sulfur content and nitrogen content, so that the S/N ratio is smaller than 3/4 (the excessive sulfur elements in the sewage are calculated according to the following chemical formula and exceed the treatment capacity); the following reactions occur in the biofilter:
55 S+20 CO 2 +50 NO 3 - +38 H 2 O +4 NH 4 + →4C 5 H 7 O 2 N+25N 2 +55SO 4 2- +64H +
0.844 S 2 O 3 2- +NO 3 - +0.086 HCO 3 - +0.347 CO 2 +0.434 H 2 O+0.086 NH 4 + →0.5 N 2 +1.689 SO 4 2- +0.697 H + +0.086 C 5 H 7 O 2 N
0.421 H 2 S+0.421 HS − +NO 3 - +0.086 HCO 3 − +0.346 CO 2 +0.086 NH 4 + →0.5 N 2 +0.842 SO 4 2- +0.262 H + +0.086 C 5 H 7 O 2 N+0.434 H 2 O
when the sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage enter the water distribution tank 1 at the same time, S, S 2 O 3 2- 、H 2 S and HS − From sulfur-containing sewage, NO 3 - And NH 4 + From nitrogen-containing sewage, CO 2 And HCO 3 - CO from dissolution in water 2 。
Meanwhile, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb phosphorus by taking nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor, and the phosphorus in water is absorbed for cell synthesis, so that the phosphorus removal of sewage is realized.
When the sewage containing nitrogen only enters the water distribution tank 1, the thiobacillus denitrificans in the biological membrane of the filter material takes nitrate as an electron acceptor to generate nitrogen, and the sulfur element in the reaction formula comes from natural sulfur and/or pyrite in the filter material.
The time interval from the outflow of sewage from the water outlet of the water distribution pipe 2 at the bottom of the biological filter to the entry of sewage into the water outlet weir is 0.4h to 1.5h.
The back flushing interval time is not longer than 15 days.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: the filter material only contains natural sulfur or pyrite.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: the biological film does not contain phosphorus accumulating bacteria, and the invention uses autotrophic thiobacillus to treat CO in the air 2 HCO dissolved in water 3 - And CO 3 2- As the inorganic carbon source, in a reduced state (including S, S) - 、S 2- 、S 2 O 3 2- Fe and Fe 2+ Etc.) as electron donor, nitrate nitrogen (including NO) in low carbon nitrogen ratio water lacking organic carbon source 3 - -N and NO 2 - -N) reduction to nitrogen (N) 2 )。
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification and equivalent changes to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing sewage is characterized by comprising a water distribution tank (1), a water inlet pipe (3), a water distribution pipe (2), a water outlet pipe (5) and a plurality of biological filters; a filter material layer (8) is filled in the biological filter, and a supporting layer is arranged below the filter material layer (8); the filter material in the filter material layer (8) contains natural sulfur and/or pyrite, the surface of the filter material is provided with a biological film, and the biological film contains phosphorus accumulating bacteria and autotrophic thiobacillus denitrificans;
the water inlet pipe (3) is communicated with the water distribution tank (1), and external sewage enters the water distribution tank (1) through the water inlet pipe (3); the water distribution tank (1) is communicated with the biological filters through a water distribution pipe (2), and a water outlet of the water distribution pipe (2) far from the water distribution tank (1) is positioned at the bottom of a filter material layer (8) of the biological filter; an effluent weir is arranged on the outer side of the biological filter, and the water outlet pipe (5) is arranged in the effluent weir.
2. The device for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the filter material layer (8) is between one and four meters.
3. The device for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 2, further comprising an air inlet pipe (7), wherein the air inlet pipe (7) is externally connected with a fan, and an air outlet of the air inlet pipe (7) far away from the fan end is positioned at the bottom of a filter material layer (8) of the biological filter.
4. The apparatus for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 3, further comprising a back flushing device; the back flushing device comprises a back flushing water inlet pipe (4) and a back flushing water outlet pipe (6), the back flushing water inlet pipe (4) is externally connected with a back flushing water pump, and a water outlet of the back flushing water inlet pipe (4) far away from the back flushing water pump end is positioned at the bottom of the filter material layer (8); the backwash drain pipe (6) is also arranged in the water outlet weir.
5. A method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization of sewage, characterized in that the sewage is treated by the device for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization of sewage according to claim 4, comprising the following steps:
sewage enters the water distribution tank (1) from the water inlet pipe (3), the sewage is uniformly distributed to a plurality of biological filters connected in parallel through the water distribution tank (1), the sewage uniformly flows upwards through the filter material layer (8) from the water outlet of the water distribution pipe (2) at the bottom of the biological filter, the treated supernatant enters the water outlet weir in a falling mode, the water outlet weir is connected with the water outlet pipe (5), and the sewage flows into the rear end unit after being summarized through the water outlet pipe (5);
the sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage enter a device for deeply desulfurizing, denitrifying and dephosphorizing the sewage at the same time, and the water inlet rates of the sulfur-containing sewage and the nitrogen-containing sewage are required to be adjusted according to the actual sulfur content and nitrogen content, so that the S/N ratio is smaller than 3/4; the following reactions occur in the biofilter:
55 S+20 CO 2 +50 NO 3 - +38 H 2 O +4 NH 4 + →4C 5 H 7 O 2 N+25N 2 +55SO 4 2- +64H +
0.844 S 2 O 3 2- +NO 3 - +0.086 HCO 3 - +0.347 CO 2 +0.434 H 2 O+0.086 NH 4 + →0.5 N 2 +1.689 SO 4 2- +0.697 H + +0.086 C 5 H 7 O 2 N
0.421 H 2 S+0.421 HS − +NO 3 - +0.086 HCO 3 − +0.346 CO 2 +0.086 NH 4 + →0.5 N 2 +0.842 SO 4 2- +0.262 H + +0.086 C 5 H 7 O 2 N+0.434 H 2 O
therein S, S 2 O 3 2- 、H 2 S and HS − From sulfur-containing sewage, NO 3 - And NH 4 + From nitrogen-containing sewage, CO 2 And HCO 3 - CO from dissolution in water 2 ；
Meanwhile, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb phosphorus by taking nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor, and absorb phosphorus in water for cell synthesis, so that phosphorus removal of sewage is realized; meanwhile, the filter material layer (8) realizes the function of removing suspended matters in sewage.
6. The method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 5, wherein when only nitrogen-containing sewage enters the water distribution tank (1), the thiobacillus denitrificans in the biological membrane of the filter material generates nitrogen gas by taking nitrate as an electron acceptor, and the sulfur element in the reaction formula comes from natural sulfur and/or pyrite in the filter material.
7. The method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 5, wherein the time interval from the outflow of sewage from the water outlet of the water distribution pipe (2) at the bottom of the biological filter to the inflow of sewage into the water outlet weir is 0.4h to 1.5h.
8. The method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 5, wherein the back flushing interval is not more than 15 days.
9. The method for deep desulfurization, denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of sewage according to claim 5, wherein the number of biofilters to be used is adjusted according to the scale of sewage treatment.
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