CN117749141A - Pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping method, computer program product and terminal - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pile-up pulse signal identification and forming method, a computer program product and a terminal, belonging to the technical field of signal processing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating the ratio between adjacent discrete pulse signalsSum signal rate of changeThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the ratioRatio of (2)If the ratio isDetermining the presence of a pulse signalStacking; calculating the ratioSum signal rate of changeSum ofWhen meeting the following requirements，At the time, the pulse signal is judgedThe position is the peak position of the stacking signal; mirror image forming is performed according to the peak positions of the signals. The pulse shape in the signal period is determined by the ratio of adjacent signals and the signal change rate, and the accumulated signals are identified according to the pulse shape, so that the accumulation of nanosecond pulse signals can be effectively identified. The invention can realize rapid decomposition and shaping of the accumulated pulse signals by carrying out mirror image processing according to the peak positions of the signal components without carrying out convolution processing and the like by using a shaping circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of signal processing technologies, and in particular, to a method for identifying and forming a pile-up pulse signal, a computer program product, and a terminal.
Background
In an environment with a high count rate, adjacent pulse signals may partially overlap, which is called pile-up pulse. Pile-up pulses affect the signal amplitude extraction and the energy resolution of the measurement system. Therefore, the identification and the decomposition forming of the pile-up pulse signals have positive significance for improving the performance of the measuring system.
The conventional method for solving the pile-up pulse is to use a pile-up rejection circuit to directly discard the pile-up pulse signal, however, this way can reduce the pulse passing rate and increase the dead time of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and decompose the deposited pulse. In the conventional pile-up pulse recognition method, whether pile-up exists is determined according to whether a forming signal contains a plurality of peaks. The method is convenient, no extra operation resource is needed, but for stacked pulses with smaller time intervals (such as ns level), the method has the problem that stacked pulse identification is not ideal, as in the research of a double-exponential signal Gaussian pulse forming algorithm based on wavelet transformation, which is proposed by Yang Xiaoyan and the like, the forming result is shown as shown in figure 1, (a) shows a mu s level input signal, (b) shows a Gaussian pulse forming result, (c) shows a trapezoidal pulse forming result, three square frame selection positions in the input signal are stacked pulses, and the identification and decomposition forming effects of the stacked pulses by Gaussian pulse forming (Gaussian Pulse Shaping) and trapezoidal pulse forming (Trapezoidal Pulse Shaping) are not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a pile-up pulse signal identification and forming method, a computer program product and a terminal.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of identifying and shaping a pile-up pulse signal, the method comprising the steps of:
calculating the ratio between adjacent discrete pulse signalsSum signal rate of change；
Calculating the ratioRatio of (2)If the ratio isJudging that pulse signals are accumulated;
calculating the ratioAnd rate of changeSum ofWhen meeting the following requirements，At the time, the pulse signal is judgedWhere is the peak position of the pile-up signal,a label that is a signal;
and carrying out mirror image processing according to the peak positions of the signals, and further obtaining a formed signal.
In one example, a determination is madeAfter the peak position of the pile-up signal, the method further comprises:
according to the ratioRatio ofDetermining a time constant for exponential decay of a signalAccording to time constantAnd the stacking signal peak position is used for determining and correcting the stacking amount of the stacking signal.
In one example, determining and correcting the pile-up amount of the pile-up signal includes:
taking outCorresponding to whenIs calculated byThe accumulation amount of the post-accumulation signal is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion,；
correction is performed according to the accumulation amount, and the correction expression is:
。
in one example, a time constant for exponential decay of a signal is determinedComprising the following steps:
selecting ratioWhen two adjacent discrete pulse signals are used, the ratio of the two adjacent discrete pulse signals is utilizedDeriving time constantTime constantThe computational expression is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion.
In one example, mirroring is performed according to each signal peak position, including:
determining satisfaction ofDiscrete data length of (2)And will meetPerforming mirror symmetry processing on the discrete data of the peak position to construct a shaped signal。
In one example, it will be satisfied thatPerforming mirror symmetry processing on the discrete data of the peak position to construct a shaped signalComprising:
sequence lengthIn, take，All for marking different signals;
exceeding the sequence lengthTaking out。
It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the examples above may be combined with each other or replaced to form a new technical solution.
The invention also includes a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the one pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping method of any one or more of the examples described above.
The invention also includes a terminal comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer instructions executable on the processor, the processor executing the steps of the pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping method formed by any one or more of the examples described above when the computer instructions are executed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses the ratio of adjacent signalsRate of change of signalThe pulse shape in the signal period is determined, the stacking signal is identified according to the pulse shape, and the effective identification of the stacking of ten-bit nanosecond pulse signals can be realized. Meanwhile, compared with the prior art that the forming circuit is utilized to form the signal after the accumulated signals are identified, the algorithm provided by the invention directly performs mirror image processing according to the peak positions of the signal components without convolution processing and the like, can realize rapid decomposition forming of the accumulated pulse signals, avoids signal trajectory loss caused by using the forming circuit, and improves the energy resolution of measurement.
Drawings
The following detailed description of the present invention is further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are provided to provide a further understanding of the present application, and in which like reference numerals are used to designate like or similar parts throughout the several views, and in which the illustrative examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present application and are not meant to be unduly limiting.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional pile-up pulse forming result, wherein (a) represents an input signal, (b) represents a Gaussian pulse forming result, and (c) represents a trapezoidal pulse forming result;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method provided by an example of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method provided by a preferred example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a time domain plot of piled-up pulse signals at 25ns intervals provided by a preferred example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a time domain diagram of the rising edges of pile-up pulse signals provided by a preferred example of the present invention with signal spacing of 25 ns;
FIG. 6 is a time domain plot of piled-up pulse signals at a signal interval of 290ns provided by a preferred example of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a time domain diagram of signals obtained by identifying and decomposing the accumulated pulse signals with a time interval of 25ns according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a signal time domain diagram after identifying and decomposing and shaping a pile-up pulse signal with a time interval of 290ns according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully understood from the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that directions or positional relationships indicated as being "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are directions or positional relationships described based on the drawings are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, ordinal words (e.g., "first and second," "first through fourth," etc.) are used to distinguish between objects, and are not limited to this order, but rather are not to be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In one example, as shown in fig. 2, a method of pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: calculating the ratio between adjacent discrete pulse signalsSum signal rate of change；
S2: calculating the ratioRatio of (2)If the ratio isJudging that pulse signals are accumulated;
s3: calculating the ratioAnd rate of changeSum ofWhen meeting the following requirements，At the time, the pulse signal is judgedWhere is the peak position of the pile-up signal,a label that is a signal;
s4: and carrying out mirror image processing according to the peak positions of the signals, and further obtaining a formed signal.
Specifically, in this example, the output signal of the detector is subjected to an analog-to-digital conversion process to obtain a discrete pulse signal, and the analog-to-digital conversion is preferably a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion module. In step S1, ratio ofSum signal rate of changeThe calculated expression of (2) is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,，for marking pulse signals at different points in time.
In step S2, the ratioThe calculated expression of (2) is:
when (when)When the pulse signals are not accumulated; when (when)At this time, the pulse signal is piled up.
In step S3, the rate of change of signalThe computational expression is:
。
the method of the invention directly identifies according to the pulse shape in the signal period, and compared with the pulse forming identification which can not finish the accumulated pulse identification with smaller time interval, the method can effectively acquire the change trend of the signal along with time through the analog-to-digital conversion and the ratio of adjacent signalsRate of change of signalThe pulse shape in the signal period is determined, the pile-up signal is identified according to the pulse shape, and the effective identification of the trailing edge pile-up signal of the ten-bit nanosecond pulse signal can be realized. Meanwhile, the signal is identified based on high-speed analog-to-digital conversion, mirror image processing is directly carried out according to the peak positions of the signal components, convolution processing and the like are not needed, and rapid decomposition forming of the stacked pulse signals can be achieved. In addition, the signal forming is not carried out by adopting the forming circuit, so that the signal trajectory loss caused by using the forming circuit is avoided, and the measured energy resolution is improved.
In one example, a determination is madeAfter the peak position of the pile-up signal, the method further comprises:
according to the ratioRatio ofDetermining a time constant for exponential decay of a signalAccording to time constantAnd the stacking signal peak position is used for determining and correcting the stacking amount of the stacking signal.
In one example, determining and correcting the pile-up amount of the pile-up signal includes:
taking outCorresponding to whenIs calculated byThe accumulation amount of the post-accumulation signal is expressed as:
where G represents the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion,；
correction is performed according to the accumulation amount, and the correction expression is:
。
in an exampleIn determining the time constant of the exponential decay of the signalComprising the following steps:
selecting ratioWhen two adjacent discrete pulse signals are used, the ratio of the two adjacent discrete pulse signals is utilizedDeriving time constantTime constantThe computational expression is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion.
In one example, mirroring the peak positions of the signal components includes:
determining satisfaction ofDiscrete data length of (2)And will meetPerforming mirror symmetry processing on the discrete data of the peak position to construct a shaped signal。
Preferably, the shaping signal is constructedComprising the following steps:
sequence lengthIn, take，All for marking different signals;
exceeding the sequence lengthTaking out。
Combining the above examples to obtain a preferred example of the method of the present invention is shown in fig. 3, in which the technical concept of the method of the present invention is described by taking the identification and shaping of the pile-up pulse signal with a signal interval of 25ns and the pile-up pulse signal with a signal interval of 290ns as examples, respectively, wherein the time domain diagram of the pile-up pulse signal with a signal interval of 25ns is shown in fig. 4, the time domain diagram of the rising edge of the pile-up pulse signal with a signal interval of 25ns is shown in fig. 5, and the time domain diagram of the pile-up pulse signal with a signal interval of 290ns is shown in fig. 6, and the preferred example method of the present invention includes the following steps:
s10: calculating the ratio between adjacent discrete signalsSum signal rate of change；
S20: calculating the ratioRatio of (2)Further according to the ratioThe magnitude relation with 1 further judges whether signal accumulation exists or not, when the ratio isJudging that pulse signals are accumulated;
s30: according to the ratioSum signal rate of changeDetermining peak position of pile-up signal, i.e. when，At the time, the pulse signal number is determinedThe position is the peak position of the stacking signal;
s40: according to the ratioNumber (number)Time constant of signal exponential decay is determinedAnd according to time constantAnd the stacking signal peak position is used for determining and correcting the stacking amount of the stacking signal.
S50: mirror image forming is carried out on the signal after the accumulation amount correction according to the peak value position of each signal component, a signal time domain diagram after the recognition and decomposition of the accumulated pulse signal with the time interval of 25ns is shown in fig. 7, a signal time domain diagram after the recognition and decomposition of the accumulated pulse signal with the time interval of 290ns is shown in fig. 8, n in the diagram represents the data sequence position corresponding to the starting moment of the occurrence of the signal, and it can be seen that the invention can effectively recognize ns-level accumulated pulses, and the accumulated pulse signal recognition capability is strong and the accuracy is high.
An example of the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the one pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping method of any one or a combination of the above examples. Wherein the processor may be a single or multi-core central processing unit or a specific integrated circuit, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the invention.
An example of the present invention also provides a terminal having the same inventive concept as any one or more of the examples corresponding to the above-described one pile-up pulse signal identifying and shaping method, including a memory and a processor, the memory storing thereon computer instructions executable on the processor, the processor executing the steps of the above-described one pile-up pulse signal identifying and shaping method when the processor executes the computer instructions. The processor may be a single or multi-core central processing unit or a specific integrated circuit, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the invention.
In an example, the terminal, i.e., the electronic device, is embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device, components of which may include, but are not limited to: the at least one processing unit (processor), the at least one memory unit, a bus connecting the different system components, including the memory unit and the processing unit.
Wherein the storage unit stores program code executable by the processing unit such that the processing unit performs steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention described in the above section of the exemplary method of the present specification. For example, the processing unit may perform one of the above-described pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping methods.
The memory unit may include readable media in the form of volatile memory units, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) 3201 and/or cache memory units, and may further include Read Only Memory (ROM).
The storage unit may also include a program/utility having a set (at least one) of program modules including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each or some combination of which may include an implementation of a network environment.
The bus may be one or more of several types of bus structures including a memory unit bus or memory unit controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.
The electronic device may also communicate with one or more external devices (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, bluetooth device, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device, and/or with any device (e.g., router, modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through an input/output (I/O) interface. And, the electronic device may also communicate with one or more networks such as a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the Internet, through a network adapter. The network adapter communicates with other modules of the electronic device via a bus. It should be appreciated that other hardware and/or software modules may be used in connection with an electronic device, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, data backup storage systems, and the like.
As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, the example embodiments described herein may be implemented in software, or may be implemented in software in combination with the necessary hardware. Thus, the technical solution according to the present exemplary embodiment may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (may be a CD-ROM, a U-disk, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to cause a computing device (may be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the present exemplary embodiment.
The foregoing detailed description of the invention is provided for illustration, and it is not to be construed that the detailed description of the invention is limited to only those illustration, but that several simple deductions and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and are to be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for identifying and shaping a pile-up pulse signal, comprising the steps of:
calculating the ratio between adjacent discrete pulse signalsSum signal rate->；
Calculating the ratioRatio of->If the ratio is->Judging that pulse signals are accumulated;
calculating the ratioAnd rate of change->Sum->When meeting->，/>When determining pulse signal +.>At the peak position of the pile-up signal, +.>A label that is a signal;
and carrying out mirror image processing according to the peak positions of the signals, and further obtaining a formed signal.
2. The method for identifying and forming a pile-up pulse signal according to claim 1, wherein the determination is made thatAfter the peak position of the pile-up signal, the method further comprises:
according to the ratioRatio->Time constant for determining the exponential decay of a signal +.>According to the time constant->And the stacking signal peak position is used for determining and correcting the stacking amount of the stacking signal.
3. The method of identifying and shaping a pile-up pulse signal according to claim 2, wherein determining a pile-up amount of the pile-up signal and correcting includes:
taking outCorresponding +.>Calculating +.>The accumulation amount of the post-accumulation signal is expressed as:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion,/, for>；
Correction is performed according to the accumulation amount, and the correction expression is:
。
4. the method of identifying and shaping stacked pulse signals as claimed in claim 2, wherein a time constant for exponential decay of the signal is determinedComprising the following steps:
selecting ratioThe ratio of two adjacent discrete pulse signals is used>Deriving time constant->Time constant->The computational expression is:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion.
5. The method of identifying and shaping a pile-up pulse signal according to claim 1, wherein mirroring is performed according to each signal peak position, comprising:
determining satisfaction ofDiscrete data length +.>And will meet->Mirror symmetry processing is carried out on the discrete data of the (4) with respect to the peak position so as to construct a shaped signal +.>。
6. The method for identifying and shaping pile-up pulse signals according to claim 5, wherein the method for identifying and shaping pile-up pulse signals is as followsMirror symmetry processing is carried out on the discrete data of the (4) with respect to the peak position so as to construct a shaped signal +.>Comprising:
sequence lengthIn, get->，/>All for marking different signals;
exceeding the sequence lengthTaking->。
7. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping method of any one of claims 1-6.
8. A terminal comprising a memory and a processor, said memory having stored thereon computer instructions executable on said processor, wherein said processor executes the steps of the pile-up pulse signal identification and shaping method of any of claims 1-6 when said computer instructions are executed.
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