CN117741106A - Device and method for measuring carbon dioxide flux on soil surface - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring carbon dioxide flux on soil surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN117741106A CN117741106A CN202311785855.5A CN202311785855A CN117741106A CN 117741106 A CN117741106 A CN 117741106A CN 202311785855 A CN202311785855 A CN 202311785855A CN 117741106 A CN117741106 A CN 117741106A
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- carbon dioxide
- open cavity
- measuring instrument
- soil
- cavity
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 230
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004158 soil respiration Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003141 isotope labeling method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A device and a method for measuring carbon dioxide flux on the surface of soil, wherein the device comprises an open cavity, a filter and a carbon dioxide measuring instrument; the open cavity is arranged on the surface of the soil, and the open cavity, the filter and the carbon dioxide measuring instrument form a closed gas flow path under the action of the built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument; the device also comprises a weight, fine sand, a fan, a carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity and a sensor component, wherein the weight is arranged at the top of the cavity, the fine sand is arranged around the bottom surface of the cavity, and the fan and the sensor component are arranged on the inner side wall of the cavity. Forming a closed gas flow path under the action of a carbon dioxide measuring instrument, recording carbon dioxide concentration C measured by the carbon dioxide measuring instrument in a plurality of different periods, and obtaining flux F and effective influence factor k of carbon dioxide on the soil surface by using a nonlinear fitting mode e . The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, good sealing performance, high detection speed and capability of rapidly and accurately measuring the soilCarbon dioxide flux on the soil surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide flux measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the carbon dioxide flux of the soil surface.
Background
The soil plays a very important role in the earth's carbon cycle, with a carbon content of about three times that of the atmosphere. Soil carbon accounts for 81.2% of the total carbon content of the ecological system, which indicates that the soil has strong carbon fixing capacity. Meanwhile, the soil respiration has double functions, and not only consumes organic matters in the soil, but also is an important emission source of carbon dioxide. The annual emission of carbon dioxide produced by soil respiration is ten times that of industrial emission, and thus the influence thereof is seen to be great. In fact, even a slight disturbance of the global soil carbon cycle causes a huge climate reaction.
The existing carbon dioxide flux measurement method comprises a static air chamber method, a vorticity covariance method, a flux tower method, an isotope labeling method, a soil respiration model method, an automatic soil respiration measurement system and the like. The static air chamber method uses a closed static air chamber to cover the soil surface and measure the change of the gas concentration to calculate the carbon dioxide flux, but the method is sensitive to environmental conditions, may be influenced by the temperature and humidity in the air chamber, and is not suitable for monitoring the instantaneous flux. The vorticity covariance utilizes the vorticity correlation measurement technology to estimate the carbon dioxide flux of the soil by measuring the gas flux in the vertical direction, but the method has expensive equipment and high requirements on the skills of operators. Is limited by wind speed and stability and is not suitable for low wind speed conditions. The flux tower method estimates the carbon dioxide flux of the soil by using parameters such as gas concentration and wind speed continuously measured by the flux tower. The method depends on the arrangement of the meteorological tower and may be affected by the height and position of the tower. At the same time, spatial variability on the microscale cannot be captured. Isotope technologies employing stable isotopes can provide valuable information for resolving the carbon partitioning patterns and sources of soil respiration, but require specialized equipment and expertise. The soil respiration model integrates environmental variables to estimate the soil respiration rate and provides important information about the dynamic process. However, the method is influenced by various factors of the soil, the uncertainty of parameters of the method can lead to the uncertainty of model prediction, and the method has limited applicability in different regions or soil types. Automated soil respiration systems may provide high time resolution by continuously monitoring carbon dioxide concentration, but equipment and maintenance costs may be limiting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device and a method for measuring the carbon dioxide flux on the soil surface.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an apparatus for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface, comprising: an open cavity, a filter and a carbon dioxide measuring instrument.
The bottom surface of the open cavity is open, the top of the open cavity is provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, and a particle filter and a water filter are arranged in the filter; the air outlet of the open cavity is communicated with the inlet of the filter through the connecting pipe, the outlet of the filter is communicated with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument through the connecting pipe, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument is communicated with the air inlet of the open cavity through the connecting pipe.
The open cavity is arranged on the surface of the soil, carbon dioxide separated out from the surface of the soil enters the carbon dioxide measuring instrument through the air outlet of the open cavity and the filter under the action of the built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument, and enters the open cavity from the air outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument to form a closed gas flow path.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the connecting pipe is made of PTFE or aluminum coating pipe; and a heat insulation material is wrapped outside the connecting pipe.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the device also comprises a weight and fine sand, wherein the weight is arranged at the top of the open cavity, and the fine sand is arranged around the bottom surface of the open cavity.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the novel carbon dioxide measuring instrument comprises an open cavity, and is characterized by further comprising a fan, a carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity and a sensor component, wherein the fan is arranged on the inner side wall of the open cavity, the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity is arranged on the inner side top wall of the open cavity, gas exchange is carried out between the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity and the open cavity through openings on two sides of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity, the sensor component comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and/or a pressure sensor, and the sensor component is arranged on the inner side wall of the open cavity.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method applied to the device for measuring the carbon dioxide flux of the soil surface comprises the following steps,
A. measurement procedure
Digging a shallow pit slightly larger than the open cavity on the surface of the soil to be detected, burying the edge of the open cavity into the pit, placing a weight on the top of the open cavity, and covering and filling the place, which is contacted with the surface of the soil to be detected, around the bottom surface of the open cavity with fine sand.
And starting the carbon dioxide measuring instrument and the fan, under the action of a built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument, enabling carbon dioxide separated out from the soil surface to enter the carbon dioxide measuring instrument through an air outlet of the open cavity and the filter, and enabling the carbon dioxide to enter the open cavity from the air outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument to form a closed gas flow path, and recording the carbon dioxide concentration C measured by the carbon dioxide measuring instrument.
B. Calculation process
Processing and analyzing according to the measured data, specifically, fitting by using the measured concentration C change of the carbon dioxide in the open cavity, wherein a fitting formula is as follows:
（1）
wherein C (t) is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cavity measured by a carbon dioxide instrument, and the unit is mol m -3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the F is the carbon dioxide flux of the soil surface, and the unit is mol m -2 s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S is the bottom area of the open cavity, and the unit is m 2 ；C env Representing the initial ambient carbon dioxide concentration, V is the total volume unit of the closed gas flow path of m 3 Including the volume of the connecting tube; k (k) e Is a dimensionless effective influencing factor, which is the sum of the diffusion loss coefficient and the chamber leakage coefficient.
By measuring multiple sets of carbon dioxideFitting a plurality of data by using the formula (1) to obtain the flux F of carbon dioxide on the soil surface and the effective influencing factor k e 。
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: according to the effective influencing factor k e And judging the value of the (5) to obtain the deployment time of the chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
the device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high stability and high repeatability, portability and portability, and can flexibly monitor in different places; the tightness of the device is enhanced by the fine sand and the heavy objects which are low in cost and easy to obtain, and the quality of the obtained data is ensured, so that the accuracy of measurement can be improved.
According to the invention, diffusion loss and chamber leakage are considered in the measuring process and the calculating process, the accuracy of measuring data and calculation is improved, the detection speed is high, and the carbon dioxide flux on the soil surface with higher reliability is obtained by utilizing a new nonlinear model fitting.
The detailed structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface according to a second embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface according to a third embodiment.
Description of the embodiments
In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface comprises an open cavity 1, a filter 2 and a carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3.
The bottom surface of the open cavity 1 is open, and the top is provided with an air outlet 1-1 and an air inlet 1-2. The filter 2 is provided with a particulate filter material and a water filter material for filtering particulate matter and water in the gas. The air outlet 1-1 of the open cavity 1 is communicated with the inlet of the filter 2 through a connecting pipe, the outlet of the filter 2 is communicated with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 through a connecting pipe, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 is communicated with the air inlet 1-2 of the open cavity 1 through a connecting pipe.
The open cavity 1 is arranged on the soil surface, carbon dioxide precipitated on the soil surface enters the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 through the air outlet 1-1 of the open cavity 1 and the filter 2 under the action of the built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3, and enters the open cavity 1 from the air outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 to form a closed gas flow path.
The material of the connecting pipe is a special pipe matched with gas, such as PTFE and aluminum coating pipe. And a heat insulation material is arranged outside the connecting pipe according to the requirement so as to avoid condensation of water in the connecting pipe.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the structure of a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on the soil surface in the second embodiment is basically the same as that in the first embodiment, and the difference is that: also comprises a weight 4 and fine sand 5. The weight 4 is arranged at the top of the open cavity 1, and the fine sand 5 is arranged around the bottom surface of the open cavity 1 to prevent the open cavity 1 from exchanging gas with the surrounding environment.
Embodiment III, as shown in FIG. 3, the structure of a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on the soil surface in the embodiment III is basically the same as that in the embodiment II, except that: when the volume of the open cavity 1 is sufficiently large, it further comprises a fan 6, a capnometer placement chamber 7 and a sensor assembly 8. The fan 6 is arranged on the inner side wall of the open cavity 1, so that the air in the top space of the open cavity 1 is uniformly mixed. The carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity 7 is arranged on the inner top wall of the open cavity 1, and the openings on two sides of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity are used for exchanging gas of the open cavity 1, so that the portability of the carbon dioxide flux device can be improved by arranging the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity 7 in the open cavity 1. The sensor assembly 8 comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and/or an air pressure sensor and the like, is arranged on the inner side wall of the open cavity 1, and can collect environmental data in the open cavity 1 so as to further improve the accuracy of measurement.
Embodiment four, the method of the device for measuring carbon dioxide flux of the soil surface based on any one of the embodiment two or three, comprises the following steps:
measurement procedure
Digging a shallow pit slightly larger than the open cavity 1 on the surface of the soil to be tested, embedding the edge of the open cavity 1 into the pit, placing a weight 4 at the top of the open cavity 1, and covering and filling the place, which is contacted with the surface of the soil to be tested, around the bottom surface of the open cavity 1 with fine sand 5, so that the tightness between the open cavity 1 and the surface of the soil to be tested can be enhanced, the possibility of gas leakage is effectively reduced to the minimum, and the open cavity 1 is prevented from exchanging gas with the surrounding external environment.
The carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 and the fan 6 are started, under the action of the built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3, carbon dioxide separated out from the soil surface enters the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 through the air outlet 1-1 of the open cavity 1 and the filter 2, and enters the open cavity 1 from the air outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 to form a closed gas flow path, and the carbon dioxide concentration C measured by the carbon dioxide measuring instrument 3 is recorded.
Calculation process
Processing and analyzing according to the measured data, specifically, fitting by using the measured concentration C change of the carbon dioxide in the open cavity 1, wherein a fitting formula is as follows:
（1）
wherein C (t) is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cavity measured by a carbon dioxide instrument, and the unit is mol m -3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the F is the carbon dioxide flux of the soil surface, and the unit is mol m -2 s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S is the bottom area of the open cavity 1, and the unit is m 2 ；C env Representing the initial ambient carbon dioxide concentration, V is the total volume unit of the closed gas flow path of m 3 Including the volume of the connecting tube; k (k) e Is a dimensionless effective influencing factor, which is the sum of the diffusion loss coefficient and the chamber leakage coefficient.
By measuring a plurality of sets of carbon dioxide concentrations CFitting a plurality of data by using a formula (1) to obtain the flux F of carbon dioxide on the soil surface and an effective influence factor k e 。
From equation (1), when k e When the value of t is more than or equal to 4,the value of (C) is lower than 0.02, the concentration of C (t) is almost unchanged, the gas concentration in the open cavity 1 is stable, and finally the equilibrium state is reached, so that the proper chamber deployment time is obtained, namely k obtained by fitting e The proper chamber deployment time can be determined.
Claims (6)
1. A device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on the surface of soil, which is characterized in that: comprises an open cavity, a filter and a carbon dioxide measuring instrument;
the bottom surface of the open cavity is open, the top of the open cavity is provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, and a particle filter and a water filter are arranged in the filter; the outlet of the open cavity is communicated with the inlet of the filter through a connecting pipe, the outlet of the filter is communicated with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument through a connecting pipe, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument is communicated with the air inlet of the open cavity through a connecting pipe;
the open cavity is arranged on the surface of the soil, carbon dioxide separated out from the surface of the soil enters the carbon dioxide measuring instrument through the air outlet of the open cavity and the filter under the action of the built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument, and enters the open cavity from the air outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument to form a closed gas flow path.
2. A device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting pipe is made of PTFE or aluminum coating pipe; and a heat insulation material is wrapped outside the connecting pipe.
3. A device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a weight and fine sand, wherein the weight is arranged at the top of the open cavity, and the fine sand is arranged around the bottom surface of the open cavity.
4. A device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the novel carbon dioxide measuring instrument comprises an open cavity, and is characterized by further comprising a fan, a carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity and a sensor component, wherein the fan is arranged on the inner side wall of the open cavity, the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity is arranged on the inner side top wall of the open cavity, gas exchange is carried out between the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity and the open cavity through openings on two sides of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument placing cavity, the sensor component comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and/or a pressure sensor, and the sensor component is arranged on the inner side wall of the open cavity.
5. A method for applying to a device for measuring carbon dioxide flux on a soil surface as claimed in claim 4, characterized by: comprises the following steps of the method,
A. measurement procedure
Digging a shallow pit slightly larger than the open cavity on the surface of the soil to be detected, burying the edge of the open cavity into the pit, placing a weight on the top of the open cavity, and covering and filling the place, which is contacted with the surface of the soil to be detected, around the bottom surface of the open cavity with fine sand;
starting a carbon dioxide measuring instrument and a fan, under the action of a built-in pump of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument, enabling carbon dioxide separated out from the soil surface to enter the carbon dioxide measuring instrument through an air outlet of the open cavity and a filter, enabling the carbon dioxide to enter the open cavity from the air outlet of the carbon dioxide measuring instrument to form a closed gas flow path, and recording the carbon dioxide concentration C measured by the carbon dioxide measuring instrument;
B. calculation process
Processing and analyzing according to the measured data, specifically, fitting by using the measured concentration C change of the carbon dioxide in the open cavity, wherein a fitting formula is as follows:
（1）
wherein C (t) is carbon dioxide instrumentThe obtained concentration of carbon dioxide in the chamber is expressed in mol m -3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the F is the carbon dioxide flux of the soil surface, and the unit is mol m -2 s -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S is the bottom area of the open cavity, and the unit is m 2 ；C env Representing the initial ambient carbon dioxide concentration, V is the total volume unit of the closed gas flow path of m 3 Including the volume of the connecting tube; k (k) e Is a dimensionless effective influence factor, and the effective influence factor is the sum of a diffusion loss coefficient and a chamber leakage coefficient;
by measuring a plurality of groups of data of carbon dioxide concentration C, fitting the plurality of data by using a formula (1) to obtain the flux F of the carbon dioxide on the soil surface and an effective influence factor k e 。
6. A method of measuring carbon dioxide flux from a soil surface as claimed in claim 5, wherein: according to the effective influencing factor k e And judging the value of the (5) to obtain the deployment time of the chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311785855.5A CN117741106A (en) | 2023-12-25 | 2023-12-25 | Device and method for measuring carbon dioxide flux on soil surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311785855.5A CN117741106A (en) | 2023-12-25 | 2023-12-25 | Device and method for measuring carbon dioxide flux on soil surface |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117741106A true CN117741106A (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311785855.5A Pending CN117741106A (en) | 2023-12-25 | 2023-12-25 | Device and method for measuring carbon dioxide flux on soil surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117741106A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-25 CN CN202311785855.5A patent/CN117741106A/en active Pending
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