CN117739755A - Delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical triggering technology, in particular to a delay mechanical fuse triggered by inertial force self-energy storage, which comprises a shell structure and a firing pin arranged in the shell structure; the shell structure comprises a conical sleeve, a lock protection cylinder, a bottom sleeve, a partition body and an initiation cylinder which are connected in sequence; the conical sleeve is conical and forms the head end of the shell structure, and the trigger cylinder forms the tail end of the shell structure; the firing pin sets up at the inside central authorities of initiating section of thick bamboo, and the inside inertia body that is provided with of shell structure, bottom cover internal fixation have the bearing dish, and the bearing dish is towards the integrative fixed tubular part that is provided with in one side central authorities of top tray, is provided with trigger spring between bearing dish and the inertia body, and trigger spring keeps the pressurized state in shell structure. The trigger spring plays a role in elastic energy storage, so that the energy is stored first and then elastic potential energy is released at the moment of shell firing, and the firing pin is driven by the transmission mechanism to strike the detonator.

Description

Delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mechanical triggering technology, in particular to a delay mechanical fuse triggered by inertial force self-energy storage.

Background

The mechanical fuze is an important explosion device and is widely applied to the fields of military, civil engineering, mines and the like. The working principle of the explosive is based on the mechanical principle, and the explosive can be reliably detonated, so that the explosion effect is realized.

Common fuses are mechanical fuses, electrical fuses, optical fuses, magnetic fuses, and the like. Unlike conventional electronic triggering fuses, mechanical fuses do not have any electronic components during activation and can be ensured in high electromagnetic interference or radiation environments.

The first task of the fuze is to ensure that ammunition does not detonate before flying to a target area, which is called safety; and secondly, the ammunition is detonated at the most favorable time according to the requirement, so that the best damage effect is achieved, and the method is called reliability.

The principle is that after the explosive is emitted, the explosive drives the fuze structure to fly together at high speed, under the action of strong acceleration, the trigger piece can sink relative to the fuze structure due to the action of inertia force, and the rotating needle is not blocked after sinking; the rotating needle is driven to rotate by the spring; when the rotating needle rotates to the firing pin, the firing pin triggers the explosive to detonate through the connecting rod.

The fuze is realized by a spring in a delayed way; allowing the spring to wind and lock in an initial state; because the explosive generally generates high temperature in the launching process, in the high-temperature environment, for the curved lamellar spring, metal fatigue is easy to cause the spring middle section, the outer hook and the inner hook to be broken, and the normal work of the spring is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by utilizing inertia force so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a time delay mechanical fuze triggered by self energy storage by utilizing inertia force comprises a shell structure and a firing pin arranged in the shell structure;

the shell structure comprises a conical sleeve, a lock protection cylinder, a bottom sleeve, a partition body and an initiation cylinder which are connected in sequence; the conical sleeve is conical and forms the head end of the shell structure, and the trigger cylinder forms the tail end of the shell structure;

the firing pin is arranged in the center of the interior of the initiating cylinder, an inertial body is arranged in the shell structure, a bearing tray is fixedly arranged in the bottom sleeve, a tubular part is integrally and fixedly arranged in the center of one surface of the bearing tray, which faces to the top plate, a trigger spring is arranged between the bearing tray and the inertial body, and the trigger spring is kept in a pressed state in the shell structure;

The inertial body moves towards the tail end along the axial direction of the shell structure at the initial stage of shell firing, and then spirally resets; the transmission mechanism is kept static in the process that the inertial body moves towards the tail end along the axis direction of the shell structure, and the firing pin is driven to move towards the tail end of the shell structure through the transmission mechanism in the process that the inertial body is spirally reset.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: the inner wall of the lock protection cylinder is provided with an embedding channel along the direction parallel to the axis of the lock protection cylinder, and the embedding channel is communicated with the inside of the lock protection cylinder through a penetrating channel;

the width of the embedded channel is larger than that of the penetrating channel, an outlet is formed in the tail end of the penetrating channel, and the width of the outlet is the same as that of the embedded channel;

the inner part of the inertial body is provided with a containing cavity along the radial direction of the inertial body, and one end of the containing cavity facing the inner part of the inertial body penetrates through the inner wall of the inertial body; a bayonet is formed in the circumferential outer wall of the inertia body and is communicated with the other end of the accommodating cavity;

the accommodating cavity is in sliding fit with the inserted link, a circle of flange is integrally formed on a section of the inserted link, which is close to the inner side wall of the inertial body, and the inserted link is in elastic sliding fit with the accommodating cavity through the embedded spring;

The embedded spring is positioned in the accommodating cavity, one end of the embedded spring is abutted against the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, the other end of the embedded spring is abutted against the flange, and the embedded spring is kept pressed in the accommodating cavity; the inserted link is located the one end of inertia body outside and integrally formed with the gomphosis portion, gomphosis portion with the adaptation of inlay way, gomphosis portion corresponds with the bayonet socket.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: a top disc is fixedly arranged in the shell structure and fixedly connected with the conical sleeve, a guide column is fixedly arranged between the top disc and the bearing disc, and the guide column is positioned in the center of the shell structure;

the outer wall of the guide post is provided with a groove structure, the groove structure comprises a straight section and a spiral section, wherein the straight section is parallel to the axis of the guide post, and the straight section is opposite to the outlet;

one end of the tubular part facing the inertia body is fixed with a collar, one end of the trigger spring is abutted against the collar, and the other end is abutted against the push sleeve.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: the transmission mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve which is rotatably arranged outside the tubular part, a plurality of sliding holes are formed in the inertial body at equal intervals along the circumference, a plurality of transmission rods are fixedly arranged on the rotating sleeve at equal intervals along the circumference, and the transmission rods are in sliding fit with the sliding holes;

The transmission mechanism further comprises a central shaft, one end of the central shaft is rotatably arranged at the center of one face, deviating from the tubular part, of the supporting plate, the central shaft is connected with the rotating sleeve through a speed reducing structure, the other end of the central shaft is fixedly provided with a speed reducing wheel in a coaxial mode, and the speed reducing wheel is connected with the firing pin through a deflection structure.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: a resistance component is also arranged in the shell structure and is matched with the speed reducing wheel to increase the resistance of rotation of the speed reducing wheel;

the resistance component comprises a sleeve piece fixedly arranged in the partition body and distributed along the radial direction of the partition body, the sleeve piece is in sliding fit with the movable piece, one end of the movable piece penetrates out of the sleeve piece, and the other end of the movable piece stretches into the sleeve piece;

one end of the movable part extending out of the sleeve part is rotatably provided with a roller, and the outer edge of the speed reducing wheel is provided with a circle of smooth pits;

the roller is in rolling fit with the smooth pit, a resistance-increasing spring is further arranged in the sleeve, and one end of the resistance-increasing spring is abutted against one end of the movable piece, which extends into the sleeve.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: the resistance component is also provided with a resistance adjusting structure, the resistance adjusting structure comprises an adjusting piece, the sleeve piece is also provided with a hollowed-out groove, and the other end of the resistance increasing spring is abutted against the adjusting piece; one end of the adjusting piece penetrates through the hollowed-out groove to extend into the sleeve piece and is in sliding fit with the sleeve piece; the other end of the adjusting piece is fixed with an internal thread sleeve which is in threaded fit with the resistance adjusting screw rod;

one end of the resistance adjusting screw rod is in running fit with the inner wall of the partition body, a first bevel gear is fixed at the other end of the resistance adjusting screw rod, and the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear coaxially fixed on the central shaft.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: the speed reducing structure comprises a large gear ring coaxially fixed on the rotating sleeve, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the eccentric position of the bearing plate, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the bearing plate;

a pinion is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft and meshed with the large gear ring; the other end of the rotating shaft is fixed with a small gear ring which is meshed with a large gear fixed on the central shaft.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: the deflection structure comprises a follow-up shaft fixed on one surface of the speed reduction wheel, which is away from the central shaft, and a triangular rotating piece is fixedly arranged at one end of the follow-up shaft, which is away from the speed reduction wheel;

A sliding sleeve is fixedly arranged in the initiating cylinder along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder, the sliding sleeve is in sliding sleeve connection with the telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod extends into the sliding sleeve, and the other end extends out of the sliding sleeve;

a sliding rod is also fixed in the initiating cylinder, the sliding rod is also arranged along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder, and one end of the telescopic rod extending out of the sliding sleeve is in sliding fit with the sliding rod; the telescopic rod is rotatably provided with a trigger wheel which is used for being matched with the triangular rotating piece;

one end of the telescopic rod extending out of the sliding sleeve is rotationally connected with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the firing pin; an avoidance spring is further arranged in the sliding sleeve, one end of the avoidance spring is abutted against the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and the other end of the avoidance spring is abutted against one end of the telescopic rod extending into the sliding sleeve;

a socket is formed at the center of the inside of the trigger cylinder, and the striker is slidably inserted into the socket.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: a first inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess is formed in the center of one surface of the top disc, which faces the bearing disc, and a second inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess is formed in the bottom of the tubular part;

the centers of the two ends of the guide post are respectively provided with an outer hexagonal pyramid-shaped bulge;

One end of the plurality of transmission rods, which is far away from the bearing plate, is fixed through a top stabilizing ring.

The delay mechanical fuze triggered by inertial force self-energy storage is as follows: a plurality of second balls are embedded on the outer wall of the tubular part along the circumference at equal intervals in a rolling way, a circle of rollaway nest is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve, and the second balls are embedded in the rollaway nest in a rolling way;

the partition body is internally and fixedly provided with a lifting piece, the sleeve piece penetrates through and is sleeved with the lifting piece, and the resistance adjusting screw rod is in running fit with the lifting piece.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the trigger spring plays a role in elastic energy storage, so that the energy is stored first and then elastic potential energy is released at the moment of shell firing, and the firing pin is driven by the transmission mechanism to strike the detonator.

In the invention, when the shell is in the stage to be shot, the trigger spring only keeps a pre-pressing state, and can store energy and release elastic potential energy further only at the shooting moment, high-elastic energy storage locking is not needed in the early stage, and the problem of reduced resilience force caused by stress yielding basically does not occur; moreover, the trigger spring is only in a pre-pressed state before being launched, so that the elastic force is not large, the possibility of unlocking due to the influence of external force is not high, and the safety is higher.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a delayed mechanical fuse triggered by inertial force self-energy storage.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a delayed mechanical fuse triggered by inertial force self-energy storage.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the direction M-M of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the N-N direction of fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional view of fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of D in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional view of fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view at E in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the fuze with the cone sleeve broken away.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the lock protection cartridge further detached from fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the construction of the rear half section of the taper sleeve of fig. 13 removed.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged view at F in fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the insert, the fitting spring, and the mass block in half-section after being detached from the inertial body.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fuze detached from the housing structure and the housing structure is dismembered.

Fig. 18 is a mating view of the internal components of the housing structure of fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the partial components of fig. 18 disassembled.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of fig. 19 further broken away.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view of another orientation of fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a view of the tray and guide post disassembled.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of the alternate orientation of fig. 22.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the mating structure of the large gear and the speed reducing wheel.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 24 at another view angle.

Fig. 26 is a schematic view of the fig. 25 base station.

Fig. 27 is a schematic view of the roller and the reduction gear engaged.

Fig. 28 is a schematic view of the structure when the triangle rotation member and the trigger wheel have not been contacted.

Fig. 29 is a schematic view of the alternate orientation of fig. 28.

Fig. 30 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 29 disassembled.

In the figure: 1. a conical sleeve; 2. a lock protection cylinder; 201. embedding; 202. crossing; 203. an outlet; 3. a bottom sleeve; 4. a partition body; 5. an initiating cylinder; 6. a top plate; 601. a first inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess; 7. a tray; 701. a tubular portion; 702. a second inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess; 8. a guide post; 801. a straight section; 802. a helical section; 803. an outer hexagonal pyramid-shaped protrusion; 9. pushing the sleeve; 10. a first ball; 11. an inertial body; 1101. a receiving chamber; 1102. a bayonet; 1103. a slide hole; 12. a collar; 13. a trigger spring; 14. a rod; 1401. a flange; 1402. a fitting portion; 15. a fitting spring; 16. increasing mass; 17. a transmission rod; 18. a rotating sleeve; 1801. a raceway; 19. a second ball; 20. a top stabilizing ring; 21. a large gear ring; 22. a pinion gear; 23. a rotating shaft; 24. a small gear ring; 25. a large gear; 26. a central shaft; 27. a speed reducing wheel; 28. a roller; 29. a movable member; 30. a sleeve member; 3001. a hollow groove; 31. resistance increasing springs; 32. an adjusting member; 33. an internal thread sleeve; 34. a lifting member; 35. resistance-adjusting screw rod; 36. a first bevel gear; 37. a second bevel gear; 38. a follower shaft; 39. a triangular rotating member; 40. a sliding sleeve; 41. a telescopic rod; 42. a trigger wheel; 43. an avoidance spring; 44. a slide bar; 45. a connecting rod; 46. a striker.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 30, as an embodiment of the present invention, the delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by inertial force includes a housing structure and a striker 46 disposed in the housing structure;

the shell structure comprises a conical sleeve 1, a lock protection cylinder 2, a bottom sleeve 3, a partition body 4 and an initiation cylinder 5 which are connected in sequence; the conical sleeve 1, the lock protection cylinder 2, the bottom sleeve 3, the partition body 4 and the initiating cylinder 5 are sequentially and fixedly connected to form an integral shell, wherein the conical sleeve 1 is conical and forms the head end of the shell structure, the initiating cylinder 5 forms the tail end of the shell structure, and the firing pin 46 is arranged in the center of the interior of the initiating cylinder 5.

Because the head end of the shell structure is conical, the air resistance can be greatly reduced in the flying process, the tail end of the fuze is arranged on the shell before the shell is used, and the detonator on the shell corresponds to the firing pin 46, but the detonator and the firing pin are not contacted.

An inertial body 11 is arranged in the shell structure, a bearing tray 7 is fixedly arranged in the bottom sleeve 3, a trigger spring 13 is arranged between the bearing tray 7 and the inertial body 11, and the trigger spring 13 is kept in a pressed state in the shell structure;

the inertial body 11 moves towards the tail end along the axis direction of the shell structure at the initial stage of shell firing, and then spirally resets; the transmission mechanism is kept stationary during the process that the inertial body 11 moves towards the tail end along the axis direction of the shell structure, and the firing pin 46 is driven to move towards the tail end of the shell structure through the transmission mechanism during the spiral resetting process of the inertial body 11.

At the moment of projectile firing, the projectile accelerates from a stationary moment to fly, and the projectile moves together with the fuze; as is known, the firing of the shell is substantially the same as the firing of the bullet, the instantaneous acceleration of the discharge is maximum, and the shell advances in the discharge with acceleration; the projectile loses its thrust after leaving the bore and begins to slow down.

At the moment of firing of the shell, i.e. in the acceleration phase, the inertial body 11 will move towards the tail end along the axis of the casing structure and further compress the trigger spring 13 due to the inertial force; after the cannon ejects out of the chamber, the shell is accompanied with the fuze to start decelerating, so that the inertia force is reduced; in the process, the trigger spring 13 drives the inertial body 11 to reset; and the inertial body 11 moves spirally in the resetting process, and the firing pin 46 is driven by the transmission mechanism to move towards the tail end of the fuze and strike the detonator on the shell.

The inertial body 11 moves towards the tail end along the axial direction of the shell structure during the firing process of the shell with the fuze, so that the trigger spring 13 is further compressed, and the trigger spring 13 is enabled to store energy; the trigger spring 13 then drives the inertial body 11 to move helically to drive the striker 46.

Note that the magnitude of the inertial force depends on the mass of the object, and that the source of the inertial force is the mass, and that the mass is the only measure of the inertial force, as known from newton's second law; therefore, in the process of firing the shell, the inertial body 11 with larger mass receives larger inertial force; while the striker 46 of minimal mass experiences minimal inertial forces.

In addition, referring to fig. 16 and 20, in order to increase the mass of the inertial body 11, a detachable mass-increasing block 16 is further disposed on the inertial body 11.

The trigger spring 13 plays a role in elastic energy storage, so that energy is stored firstly and then elastic potential energy is released at the moment of shell firing, and the firing pin 46 is driven by the transmission mechanism to strike the detonator; the conventional mechanical fuze needs to store energy in advance and lock the energy storage state of the elastic element before the shell is launched, and only releases elastic potential energy at the moment of launching to perform delay triggering. If the length of time for storing energy and locking the energy storage is too long, the elastic member may be stressed and yield to reduce the resilience force in the high-elastic energy storage locking state, so that sufficient driving force cannot be provided after triggering, and it is difficult to ensure that the striker 46 has sufficient impact force to collide with the detonator.

Meanwhile, the elastic piece always keeps a high-elastic locking state in the stage of the shell to be shot, so that the shell is extremely easy to be influenced by external force to unlock, and the safety risk is quite high.

In the invention, when the shell is in the stage to be shot, the trigger spring 13 only keeps a pre-pressing state, and can store energy and release elastic potential energy only at the moment of shooting, high-elastic energy storage locking is not needed in the early stage, and the problem of reduced resilience force caused by stress yielding basically does not occur; moreover, since the trigger spring 13 is only in a pre-pressed state before being launched, the elastic force is not large, the possibility of unlocking due to the influence of external force is not high, and the safety is higher.

As a further aspect of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 14, 15, and 16, a recessed channel 201 is formed on the inner wall of the lock protection cylinder 2 along a direction parallel to the axis thereof, and the recessed channel 201 is communicated with the interior of the lock protection cylinder 2 through a through channel 202;

the width of the embedded channel 201 is larger than that of the penetrating channel 202, and an outlet 203 is formed at the tail end of the penetrating channel 202, wherein the width of the outlet 203 is the same as that of the embedded channel 201;

The inside of the inertial body 11 is provided with a containing cavity 1101 along the radial direction thereof, and one end of the containing cavity 1101 facing the inside of the inertial body 11 penetrates through the inner wall of the inertial body 11; a bayonet 1102 is formed on the circumferential outer wall of the inertial body 11, and the bayonet 1102 is communicated with the other end of the accommodating cavity 1101;

the accommodating cavity 1101 is in sliding fit with the inserting rod 14, a circle of flange 1401 is integrally formed on a section of the inserting rod 14, which is close to the inner side wall of the inertia body 11, and the inserting rod 14 is in elastic sliding fit with the accommodating cavity 1101 through the embedded spring 15;

wherein, the embedded spring 15 is located in the accommodating cavity 1101, one end of the embedded spring 15 abuts against the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 1101, the other end abuts against the flange 1401, and the embedded spring 15 is kept pressed in the accommodating cavity 1101; an engagement portion 1402 is integrally formed at one end of the plunger 14 located outside the inertial body 11, the engagement portion 1402 is adapted to the insertion path 201, and the engagement portion 1402 corresponds to the bayonet 1102.

In the initial state, under the action of the elasticity of the trigger spring 13, the inertia body 11 always has a trend of moving towards the head end of the shell structure; however, since the fitting portion 1402 is fitted to the end of the fitting channel 201, the plunger 14 cannot move further toward the head end, and the inertial body 11 cannot move further toward the head end, so that the trigger spring 13 is ensured to maintain a certain pre-compression force.

At the moment that the shell is launched together with the fuze, the inertial body 11 moves towards the tail end of the shell structure due to the action of inertial force, and the trigger spring 13 is further compressed; in this process, the inertial body 11 drives the insert rod 14 to approach the outlet 203, the engaging portion 1402 slides along the insertion path 201, and a portion of the insert rod 14 extending out of the inertial body 11 slides along the insertion path 202.

When the engaging portion 1402 slides to the outlet 203, the inserting rod 14 drives the engaging portion 1402 to slide out of the outlet 203 along the radial direction of the inertial body 11 under the action of the engaging spring 15, so that one end of the inserting rod 14 protrudes from the accommodating cavity 1101 and protrudes from the inner wall of the inertial body 11; at the same time, fitting portion 1402 is recessed into bayonet 1102 and is completely enveloped by bayonet 1102. Thereafter, the inertial body 11 can be rotated since the plunger 14 is no longer constrained by the fitting portion 1402 and the fitting channel 201.

As a further aspect of the present invention, please refer to fig. 3, 17, 18, and 19; a top disc 6 is fixedly arranged in the shell structure, the top disc 6 is fixedly connected with the conical sleeve 1, a guide column 8 is fixedly arranged between the top disc 6 and the bearing disc 7, and the guide column 8 is positioned in the center of the shell structure;

Specifically, a first inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess 601 is formed in the center of the surface of the top plate 6 facing the bearing plate 7, a tubular portion 701 is integrally and fixedly formed in the center of the surface of the bearing plate 7 facing the top plate 6, and a second inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess 702 is formed in the bottom of the tubular portion 701;

the centers of both ends of the guide post 8 are provided with outer hexagonal pyramid-shaped protrusions 803.

The outer hexagonal pyramid-shaped protrusions 803 are respectively arranged at the centers of the two ends of the guide column 8 and can be respectively clamped with the first inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess 601 and the second inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped recess 702, so that on one hand, the guide column 8 can be ensured to be unable to move, on the other hand, the guide column 8 can be ensured to be unable to rotate, and finally, the guide column 8 is fixed between the top disc 6 and the bearing disc 7; moreover, after the structure is adopted, the guide post 8 is more convenient to detach, and when the guide post 8 is detached, the guide post 8 can be automatically detached only by detaching the top disc 6 or detaching the bearing disc 7.

In addition, the conical outer hexagonal protrusions and the conical inner hexagonal depressions are matched, so that the novel guide column has a certain fool-proof function, and is more convenient and rapid when the guide column 8 is assembled on the top plate 6 and the bearing plate 7.

Referring to fig. 20, the outer wall of the guide post 8 is provided with a groove structure, which includes a flat section 801 and a spiral section 802, wherein the flat section 801 is parallel to the axis of the guide post 8, and the flat section 801 faces the outlet 203.

When one end of the plunger 14 protrudes from the accommodation chamber 1101, it is inserted into the flat section 801; along with the continuous decrease of the acceleration of the shell, the trigger spring 13 drives the inertial body 11 to move towards the head end of the shell structure; because one end of the inserted link 14 is embedded into the groove structure, and the guide post 8 is fixed, the inertial body 11 moves towards the head end of the shell structure under the action of the inserted link 14 and the groove structure, and rotates while moving, and integrally performs spiral motion in the process that the trigger spring 13 drives the inertial body 11 to move towards the head end of the shell structure.

Since the inertial body 11 rotates, in order to keep the trigger spring 13 stable and reduce the friction between the trigger spring 13 and the inertial body 11, referring to fig. 3, 4 and 23, the outer portion of the guide post 8 is further slidably sleeved with a push sleeve 9, and a plurality of first balls 10 are engaged on a surface of the push sleeve 9 facing the inertial body 11 in a rolling manner along a circumference, and the first balls 10 are in rolling contact with a surface of the inertial body 11 facing the push sleeve 9.

The tubular part 701 is fixed with a collar 12 at one end facing the inertial body 11, and the trigger spring 13 has one end abutting against the collar 12 and the other end abutting against the push sleeve 9.

After the arrangement, the push sleeve 9 is pushed to move by the trigger spring 13, the push sleeve 9 is pushed to move and then the inertial body 11 is pushed to move, and the push sleeve 9 can be kept not to rotate completely in the process that the inertial body 11 moves and rotates, so that the trigger spring 13 and the inertial body 11 are prevented from directly contacting to generate rotation friction.

As a still further aspect of the present invention, please refer to fig. 3, 10, 19, 20, and 21; the transmission mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve 18 rotatably arranged outside the tubular part 701, a plurality of sliding holes 1103 are formed on the inertia body 11 at equal intervals along the circumference, a plurality of transmission rods 17 are fixedly arranged on the rotating sleeve 18 at equal intervals along the circumference, and the transmission rods 17 are in sliding fit with the sliding holes 1103;

the transmission mechanism further comprises a central shaft 26, one end of the central shaft 26 is rotatably mounted at the center of one surface of the bearing plate 7, which is away from the tubular part 701, the central shaft 26 is connected with the rotating sleeve 18 through a speed reducing structure, the other end of the central shaft 26 is coaxially and fixedly mounted with a speed reducing wheel 27, and the speed reducing wheel 27 is connected with the firing pin 46 through a deflection structure.

When the inertial body 11 moves spirally, the transmission rod 17 drives the rotating sleeve 18 to rotate around the tubular part 701; since the rotation sleeve 18 is in a rotating fit with the tubular portion 701 and the transmission rod 17 is in a sliding fit with the slide hole 1103, the rotation sleeve 18 is rotated only when the inertial body 11 makes a spiral motion.

In addition, in order to ensure stability between the plurality of transmission rods 17, in particular when the inertial body 11 slides close to the outlet 203, the ends of the plurality of transmission rods 17 remote from the support plate 7 are fixed by means of the top stabilizing ring 20.

Since the trigger spring 13 needs to be further compressed by the huge inertial force of the inertial body 11 when the shell and the fuze are fired, the trigger spring 13 reserves a larger elastic force; the expansion and contraction amount of the trigger spring 13 needs to be larger, namely the length of the guide post 8 needs to be longer;

this tends to result in the inertial body 11 rotating more turns during the resetting process; but the trigger striker 46 strikes the speed reduction wheel 27 of the detonator and cannot rotate a full turn, so that a differential transmission between the central shaft 26 and the swivel 18 needs to be achieved by a speed reduction structure.

Meanwhile, since the action of the striker 46 striking the detonator is faster, the striker 46 is not driven to act by the rotation of the speed reducing wheel 27, but is driven to act by the rotation of the speed reducing wheel 27 to the later stage. And it is the previous stage of rotation by the speed reducing wheel 27 that does not drive the striker 46 to act to delay the action.

Referring to fig. 19 and 21, a plurality of second balls 19 are fitted on the outer wall of the tubular portion 701 at equal intervals along the circumference, a ring of rolling paths 1801 is provided on the inner wall of the rotor 18, and the second balls 19 are fitted in the rolling paths 1801 in a rolling manner.

By means of the rolling fit of the second balls 19 and the rolling path 1801, the rotating fit between the rotating sleeve 18 and the tubular part 701 is achieved, and the rotating friction force of the rotating sleeve and the tubular part is reduced, and meanwhile the rotating sleeve and the tubular part can be prevented from axial displacement.

As a still further aspect of the present invention, referring to fig. 25 and 26, a resistance component is further disposed inside the housing structure, and the resistance component is matched with the speed reducing wheel 27, so as to increase the resistance of the rotation of the speed reducing wheel 27;

the resistance component comprises a sleeve piece 30 fixedly arranged in the partition body 4 and distributed along the radial direction of the partition body 4, the sleeve piece 30 is in sliding fit with the movable piece 29, one end of the movable piece 29 penetrates out of the sleeve piece 30, and the other end of the movable piece 29 stretches into the sleeve piece 30;

one end of the movable piece 29 extending out of the sleeve piece 30 is rotatably provided with a roller 28, and the outer edge of the speed reducing wheel 27 is provided with a circle of smooth pits;

the roller 28 is in rolling fit with the smooth pit, a resistance increasing spring 31 is further arranged in the sleeve member 30, and one end of the resistance increasing spring 31 is abutted against one end of the movable member 29 extending into the sleeve member 30;

likewise, the resistance increasing spring 31 is also held under pressure in the sleeve 30.

The resistance component is further provided with a resistance adjusting structure, the resistance adjusting structure comprises an adjusting piece 32, the sleeve piece 30 is further provided with a hollowed-out groove 3001, and the other end of the resistance increasing spring 31 is in contact with the adjusting piece 32; one end of the adjusting member 32 extends into the sleeve member 30 through the hollow groove 3001 and is in sliding fit with the sleeve member 30; the other end of the adjusting piece 32 is fixed with an internal thread sleeve 33, and the internal thread sleeve 33 is in threaded fit with a resistance adjusting screw rod 35;

one end of the resistance adjusting screw rod 35 is in running fit with the inner wall of the partition body 4, a first bevel gear 36 is fixed at the other end, and the first bevel gear 36 is meshed with a second bevel gear 37 coaxially fixed on the central shaft 26.

When the central shaft 26 drives the speed reducing wheel 27 to rotate, the smooth pits at the outer edge of the speed reducing wheel 27 also rotate, and when the roller 28 transits from the current smooth pit to the next smooth pit in the process of matching the smooth pits with the roller 28, the movable piece 29 is driven to extend further into the sleeve piece 30, and the resistance increasing spring 31 is further compressed, so that the rotation resistance of the speed reducing wheel 27 is added, and the rotation speed of the speed reducing wheel 27 is reduced; the rotating speed of the speed reducing wheel 27 is reduced as much as possible by the aid of the resistance component on the premise that the compression length of the trigger spring 13 is not changed, so that the time delay time of the fuse is longer under the condition of the same specification and size.

It should be noted that, in theory, the delay time is to be increased, and the compression amount of the trigger spring 13 can be increased without changing the specification and the size of the trigger spring 13; however, the pressure of the trigger spring 13 given by the inertial body 11 cannot be adjusted during the firing of the projectile, and is therefore not feasible;

or the size of the trigger spring 13 is reduced, so that the elastic modulus of the trigger spring is reduced; however, if the elastic modulus of the trigger spring 13 is reduced, the trigger condition of the inertial body 11 is reduced, and the safety of the projectile is affected. Specifically, the inertial body 11 is triggered by the plunger 14 sliding to the outlet 203; while when the plunger 14 slides to the outlet 203, the inertial body 11 gives the trigger spring 13 a; that is, the condition that the fuze is triggered is that the inertial force must reach a to be achieved, and if the elastic modulus of the trigger spring 13 is reduced, the inertial force that the fuze is triggered must be smaller than a under the same condition, which results in that the shell needs to be carefully stored in the stage to be fired, because the threshold that the fuze is triggered is lowered.

Aiming at the problem, the conventional mechanical fuze at present adopts a spring (coil spring) to realize driving, so that the delay time of the fuze is required to be increased, and on one hand, the increasing amount is required to be increased; however, due to the structural characteristics of the spring, the space occupation area is larger on the premise that the spring can store the same elastic potential energy, and the elastic potential energy provided by the spring is still limited even on the premise of full hair; if the energy storage capacity is further improved, the specification of the spring needs to be increased, and the space occupied by the spring is further increased, so that the volume of the fuze is limited.

The resistance force born by the rotation of the speed reducing wheel 27 can be continuously reduced through the arranged resistance adjusting screw rod 35, and the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 13 is the largest in the initial stage of resetting the trigger spring, namely the rotation torque of the central shaft 26 is the largest; as the trigger spring 13 is reset, the torque provided by it is also reduced; the problem exists in both the conventional clockwork spring and the cylindrical spring, and in the process of releasing the elastic potential energy, the moment provided in the early stage is larger and the moment provided in the later stage is smaller because the elastic potential energy is continuously reduced; reflected in the fuze, it is the rotating member (the balance spring escapement in conventional mechanical fuzes) that triggers the striker 46 that rotates at a high speed in the early stage and then continuously slows down. In order to ensure that the striker 46 can be effectively triggered, it is necessary to ensure that the rotary member has a certain turning moment before the striker 46 is triggered; assuming that the torque is T ₁ While the earlier torque is T ₂ It is apparent that the torque is from T ₂ Transition to T continuously ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the invention, in the process of rotating the central shaft 26, the bevel gear set drives the resistance adjusting screw rod 35 to rotate, so that the internal thread sleeve 33 is continuously close to the inner wall of the partition body 4, and the adjusting piece 32 is continuously far away from the central shaft 26, so that the compression amount of the resistance increasing spring 31 is continuously reduced; the effect achieved is that, as the elastic potential energy of the trigger spring 13 decreases, the rotational resistance of the reduction wheel 27 decreases, keeping the total torque of the rotation of the reduction wheel 27 relatively constant over the interval.

In order to maintain the stability of the sleeve member 30 and the resistance adjusting screw rod 35, a lifting member 34 is fixedly installed in the partition body 4, the sleeve member 30 passes through and is sleeved with the lifting member 34, and the resistance adjusting screw rod 35 is in running fit with the lifting member 34.

As a still further solution of the present invention, referring to fig. 18 to 21, the deceleration structure includes a large gear ring 21 coaxially fixed on the rotating sleeve 18, and a rotating shaft 23 is rotatably disposed at an eccentric position of the supporting plate 7, and the rotating shaft 23 penetrates through the supporting plate 7;

a pinion gear 22 is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft 23, and the pinion gear 22 is meshed with the large gear ring 21; the other end of the rotating shaft 23 is fixed with a small gear ring 24, and the small gear ring 24 is meshed with a large gear 25 fixed on a central shaft 26.

Note that the modulus of the large ring gear 21 is smaller than that of the large gear 25, and the modulus of the small gear 22 is larger than that of the small ring gear 24, so that differential transmission between the rotor sleeve 18 and the center shaft 26 is achieved, and the transmission is a down-speed transmission.

As a still further aspect of the present invention, referring to fig. 28 to 30, the yaw structure includes a follower shaft 38 fixed to a surface of the speed reducing wheel 27 facing away from the central shaft 26, and a triangular rotating member 39 is fixedly mounted at an end of the follower shaft 38 facing away from the speed reducing wheel 27;

A sliding sleeve 40 is fixedly arranged in the initiating cylinder 5 along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder, the sliding sleeve 40 is in sliding sleeve connection with a telescopic rod 41, one end of the telescopic rod 41 extends into the sliding sleeve 40, and the other end extends out of the sliding sleeve 40;

a sliding rod 44 is also fixed in the initiating cylinder 5, the sliding rod 44 is also arranged along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder 5, and one end of the telescopic rod 41 extending out of the sliding sleeve 40 is in sliding fit with the sliding rod 44; a trigger wheel 42 is rotatably arranged on the telescopic rod 41, and the trigger wheel 42 is used for being matched with the triangular rotating piece 39;

one end of the telescopic rod 41 extending out of the sliding sleeve 40 is rotationally connected with one end of a connecting rod 45, and the other end of the connecting rod 45 is rotationally connected with a firing pin 46; an avoidance spring 43 is further arranged in the sliding sleeve 40, one end of the avoidance spring 43 is abutted against the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 40, and the other end is abutted against one end of the telescopic rod 41 extending into the sliding sleeve 40;

a socket is formed at the center of the inside of the trigger cylinder 5, and the striker 46 is slidably inserted into the socket.

Wherein, a section of the telescopic rod 41 extending into the sliding sleeve 40 is integrally formed with a protruding part, the protruding part is in sliding fit with the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 40, obviously, the avoiding spring 43 is also kept pressed, and the triggering wheel 42 can be kept at the current position by the aid of the arranged avoiding spring 43; and the telescopic rod 41 is prevented from being completely separated from the sliding sleeve 40 by the provided protruding part.

The cam rotating piece 39 is driven to rotate by the follow-up shaft 38 in the rotating process of the speed reducing wheel 27, and the earlier stage of the rotation of the cam rotating piece 39 is not contacted with the trigger wheel 42; the triangular rotating member 39 is not in contact with the trigger wheel 42 until the speed reducing wheel 27 rotates to near the end of the stroke; as the triangle rotary member 39 continues to rotate, the trigger wheel 42 is driven to be far away from the follow-up shaft 38, and drives the telescopic rod 41 to move along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder 5, and the telescopic rod 41 drives the firing pin 46 to move downwards through the connecting rod 45, so as to trigger the detonator.

Because the sliding sleeve 40 and the telescopic rod 41 are arranged along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder 5, at the moment of the firing of the shell and the fuze, the sliding sleeve 40 and the telescopic rod 41 can not drive the firing pin 46 to move along the axis of the initiating cylinder 5 due to the inertia force; the striker 46 generates inertial forces only due to its own mass during firing of the projectile and fuze, but the striker 46 itself is of limited mass and insufficient to overcome the pre-compression spring force of the retraction spring 43, so the striker 46 remains substantially inactive during firing of the projectile.

The above-described embodiments are illustrative, not restrictive, and the technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention are included in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A time delay mechanical fuse triggered by inertial force self-energy storage, comprising a housing structure and a striker (46) disposed within the housing structure;

the shell structure comprises a conical sleeve (1), a lock protection cylinder (2), a bottom sleeve (3), a partition body (4) and an initiation cylinder (5) which are connected in sequence; the conical sleeve (1) is conical and forms the head end of the shell structure, and the initiating cylinder (5) forms the tail end of the shell structure, and is characterized in that:

the firing pin (46) is arranged in the center of the interior of the initiating cylinder (5), the shell structure is internally provided with an inertial body (11), the bottom sleeve (3) is internally fixedly provided with a bearing tray (7), a tubular part (701) is integrally and fixedly arranged at the center of one surface of the bearing tray (7) facing the top tray (6), a trigger spring (13) is arranged between the bearing tray (7) and the inertial body (11), and the trigger spring (13) is kept in a pressed state in the shell structure;

the inertial body (11) moves towards the tail end along the axis direction of the shell structure at the initial section of shell firing, and then spirally resets; the transmission mechanism is kept static in the process that the inertia body (11) moves towards the tail end along the axis direction of the shell structure, and the firing pin (46) is driven to move towards the tail end of the shell structure through the transmission mechanism in the process that the inertia body (11) is spirally reset.

2. The delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by utilizing inertia force according to claim 1, wherein an embedded channel (201) is formed on the inner wall of the lock protection cylinder (2) along the direction parallel to the axis of the lock protection cylinder, and the embedded channel (201) is communicated with the inside of the lock protection cylinder (2) through a penetrating channel (202);

the width of the embedded channel (201) is larger than that of the penetrating channel (202), an outlet (203) is formed in the tail end of the penetrating channel (202), and the width of the outlet (203) is the same as that of the embedded channel (201);

an accommodating cavity (1101) is arranged in the inertial body (11) along the radial direction of the inertial body, and one end of the accommodating cavity (1101) facing the interior of the inertial body (11) penetrates through the inner wall of the inertial body (11); a bayonet (1102) is formed in the circumferential outer wall of the inertia body (11), and the bayonet (1102) is communicated with the other end of the accommodating cavity (1101);

the accommodating cavity (1101) is in sliding fit with the inserting rod (14), a circle of flange (1401) is integrally formed on one section of the inserting rod (14) close to the inner side wall of the inertia body (11), and the inserting rod (14) is in elastic sliding fit with the accommodating cavity (1101) through the embedded spring (15);

the embedded spring (15) is positioned in the accommodating cavity (1101), one end of the embedded spring (15) is abutted against the inner wall of the accommodating cavity (1101), the other end of the embedded spring is abutted against the flange (1401), and the embedded spring (15) is kept under pressure in the accommodating cavity (1101); an engagement portion (1402) is integrally formed at one end of the insertion rod (14) located outside the inertial body (11), the engagement portion (1402) is adapted to the insertion channel (201), and the engagement portion (1402) corresponds to the bayonet (1102).

3. The time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by utilizing inertia force according to claim 2, wherein a top disc (6) is fixedly arranged inside the shell structure, the top disc (6) is fixedly connected with the conical sleeve (1), a guide post (8) is fixedly arranged between the top disc (6) and the bearing disc (7), and the guide post (8) is positioned in the center inside the shell structure;

a groove structure is arranged on the outer wall of the guide post (8), the groove structure comprises a straight section (801) and a spiral section (802), the straight section (801) is parallel to the axis of the guide post (8), and the straight section (801) is opposite to the outlet (203);

one end of the tubular part (701) facing the inertia body (11) is fixed with a collar (12), one end of the trigger spring (13) is abutted against the collar (12), and the other end is abutted against the push sleeve (9).

4. A time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self energy storage by utilizing inertia force according to claim 3, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve (18) rotatably arranged outside the tubular part (701), a plurality of sliding holes (1103) are formed on the inertia body (11) at equal intervals along the circumference, a plurality of transmission rods (17) are fixedly arranged on the rotating sleeve (18) at equal intervals along the circumference, and the transmission rods (17) are in sliding fit with the sliding holes (1103);

The transmission mechanism further comprises a central shaft (26), one end of the central shaft (26) is rotatably arranged at the center of one face, deviating from the tubular part (701), of the bearing disc (7), the central shaft (26) is connected with the rotating sleeve (18) through a speed reducing structure, a speed reducing wheel (27) is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the other end of the central shaft (26), and the speed reducing wheel (27) is connected with the firing pin (46) through a deflection structure.

5. A time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by inertial force according to claim 4, characterized in that a resistance component is also arranged inside the housing structure, and the resistance component is matched with the speed reduction wheel (27) and is used for increasing the resistance of rotation of the speed reduction wheel (27);

the resistance component comprises sleeve pieces (30) fixedly arranged in the partition body (4) and distributed along the radial direction of the partition body (4), the sleeve pieces (30) are in sliding fit with the movable pieces (29), one end of each movable piece (29) penetrates out of the corresponding sleeve piece (30), and the other end of each movable piece extends into the corresponding sleeve piece (30);

one end of the movable piece (29) extending out of the sleeve piece (30) is rotatably provided with a roller (28), and the outer edge of the speed reducing wheel (27) is provided with a circle of smooth pits;

the roller (28) is in rolling fit with the smooth pit, a resistance-increasing spring (31) is further arranged in the sleeve piece (30), and one end of the resistance-increasing spring (31) is abutted against one end of the movable piece (29) extending into the sleeve piece (30).

6. The delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by utilizing inertia force according to claim 5, wherein a resistance adjusting structure is further arranged on the resistance component and comprises an adjusting piece (32), a hollowed groove (3001) is further formed in the sleeve piece (30), and the other end of the resistance increasing spring (31) is abutted against the adjusting piece (32); one end of the adjusting piece (32) penetrates through the hollowed-out groove (3001) to extend into the sleeving piece (30) and is in sliding fit with the sleeving piece (30); an internal thread sleeve (33) is fixed at the other end of the adjusting piece (32), and the internal thread sleeve (33) is in threaded fit with the resistance adjusting screw rod (35);

one end of the resistance adjusting screw rod (35) is in running fit with the inner wall of the partition body (4), a first bevel gear (36) is fixed at the other end of the resistance adjusting screw rod, and the first bevel gear (36) is meshed with a second bevel gear (37) coaxially fixed on the central shaft (26).

7. A time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by inertial force according to claim 4, characterized in that said deceleration structure comprises a large gear ring (21) coaxially fixed on said rotating sleeve (18), said bearing disk (7) being provided with a rotating shaft (23) in rotation at the eccentric position, said rotating shaft (23) penetrating said bearing disk (7);

A pinion (22) is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft (23), and the pinion (22) is meshed with the large gear ring (21); the other end of the rotating shaft (23) is fixed with a small gear ring (24), and the small gear ring (24) is meshed with a large gear (25) fixed on a central shaft (26).

8. A time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by inertial force according to claim 4, characterized in that said deflection structure comprises a follower shaft (38) fixed on the side of said speed reduction wheel (27) facing away from the central shaft (26), a triangular rotating member (39) being fixedly mounted at the end of said follower shaft (38) facing away from said speed reduction wheel (27);

a sliding sleeve (40) is fixedly arranged in the initiating cylinder (5) along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder, the sliding sleeve (40) is in sliding sleeve connection with a telescopic rod (41), one end of the telescopic rod (41) extends into the sliding sleeve (40), and the other end extends out of the sliding sleeve (40);

a sliding rod (44) is also fixed in the initiating cylinder (5), the sliding rod (44) is also arranged along the radial direction of the initiating cylinder (5), and one end of the telescopic rod (41) extending out of the sliding sleeve (40) is in sliding fit with the sliding rod (44); a trigger wheel (42) is rotatably arranged on the telescopic rod (41), and the trigger wheel (42) is used for being matched with the triangular rotating piece (39);

one end of the telescopic rod (41) extending out of the sliding sleeve (40) is rotationally connected with one end of the connecting rod (45), and the other end of the connecting rod (45) is rotationally connected with the firing pin (46); an avoidance spring (43) is further arranged in the sliding sleeve (40), one end of the avoidance spring (43) is abutted against the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (40), and the other end of the avoidance spring is abutted against one end of the telescopic rod (41) extending into the sliding sleeve (40);

A socket is formed in the center of the inside of the trigger cylinder (5), and the striker (46) is slidably inserted into the socket.

9. The time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by utilizing inertia force according to claim 4, wherein a first inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped concave (601) is formed in the center of one surface of the top disc (6) facing the bearing disc (7), and a second inner hexagonal pyramid-shaped concave (702) is formed in the bottom of the tubular part (701);

the centers of two ends of the guide column (8) are respectively provided with an outer hexagonal pyramid-shaped bulge (803);

one end of the plurality of transmission rods (17) far away from the bearing plate (7) is fixed through a top stabilizing ring (20).

10. A time delay mechanical fuse triggered by self-energy storage by inertial force according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of second balls (19) are embedded on the outer wall of the tubular part (701) along the circumference at equal intervals in a rolling way, a circle of rollaway nest (1801) is arranged on the inner wall of the swivel (18), and the second balls (19) are embedded in the rollaway nest (1801) in a rolling way;

the partition body (4) is internally and fixedly provided with a lifting piece (34), the sleeving piece (30) penetrates through the lifting piece (34) and is sleeved with the lifting piece, and the resistance adjusting screw rod (35) is in running fit with the lifting piece (34).