CN117734381A - Electric automobile heat management system, electric automobile and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electric automobile heat management system, which comprises: the system comprises a water heating heat exchange system, a refrigerant heat exchange system, a motor electric control heat exchange system and a battery heat exchange system; the water heating heat exchange system is provided with a second heat exchanger in the vehicle and is used for heating the passenger cabin; the refrigerant heat exchange system is provided with a first heat exchanger in the vehicle and is used for refrigerating or heating the passenger cabin; the electric control heat exchange system of the motor and the battery heat exchange system are respectively and thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system, and the battery heat exchange system is thermally coupled with the water heating heat exchange system. According to the invention, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle is used for refrigerating and heating, the second heat exchanger in the vehicle is used for heating, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle is used for heating when the heating requirement is low, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle is used for mixing with the second heat exchanger in the vehicle which runs with low power for heating when the heating requirement is common, and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle which runs with high power is used for heating when the heating requirement is high, so that the refrigerating and heating requirements of users can be met, and the energy consumption can be reduced.

Description

Electric automobile heat management system, electric automobile and control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile thermal management systems, in particular to an electric automobile thermal management system, an electric automobile and a control method of the electric automobile thermal management system.

Background

At present, electric vehicles have become a trend of automobile development, and temperature control of a passenger cabin in the vehicle directly influences use experience of passengers.

However, most of HVAC (automotive HVAC is an accessory for heating ventilation and air conditioning) in existing vehicles is directly cooled and heated by refrigerant, and the existing HVAC assembly has two refrigerant heat exchangers, one refrigerant heat exchanger is used for heating and one refrigerant heat exchanger is used for cooling.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is based on the discovery and recognition by the inventors of the following problems and facts: the prior HAVC assembly in the HVAC is only provided with the first heat exchanger in the automobile, and can not meet the heating requirement when high-strength heating is required.

The present invention aims to solve at least to some extent one of the above technical problems.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electric automobile thermal management system, including a water heating heat exchange system, a refrigerant heat exchange system, a motor electric control heat exchange system, and a battery heat exchange system;

the refrigerant heat exchange system is provided with a refrigerant circulation flow path, a first plate heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger in the vehicle and a second plate heat exchanger are arranged on the refrigerant circulation flow path, wherein the first plate heat exchanger is used as a condenser in the refrigeration operation of the refrigerant heat exchange system, the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger are used as evaporators in the vehicle, the first plate heat exchanger is used as a condenser in the heating operation of the refrigerant heat exchange system, the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger are used as condensers in the vehicle, and the first plate heat exchanger is used as an evaporator; wherein the first heat exchanger in the vehicle is arranged in the passenger cabin;

The water heating heat exchange system is provided with a first water circulation flow path, a heater and an in-vehicle second heat exchanger are arranged on the water circulation flow path, the heater is used for heating the first water circulation flow path, and the in-vehicle second heat exchanger is arranged in the passenger cabin so as to heat the passenger cabin by utilizing the heat of the first water circulation flow path; wherein the second heat exchanger in the vehicle is arranged in the passenger cabin;

the battery heat exchange system is thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system through the second plate heat exchanger, a second water circulation flow path is formed in the battery heat exchange system, the second water circulation flow path circulates through the battery equipment and the second plate heat exchanger, and the heat of the motor electric control equipment absorbed by the second plate heat exchanger from the second water circulation flow path can be released to the refrigerant flow path flowing through the second plate heat exchanger;

the motor electric control heat exchange system is thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system through the first plate heat exchanger, the motor electric control heat exchange system is provided with a third water circulation flow path, the third water circulation flow path circulates through the motor electric control equipment and the first plate heat exchanger, and the heat of the motor electric control equipment absorbed by the first plate heat exchanger from the third water circulation flow path can be released to the refrigerant flow path flowing through the first plate heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, the battery heat exchange system is further provided with a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve, wherein a first port and a second port of the first three-way valve are connected to a second water circulation flow path between the first plate heat exchanger and the battery equipment, a first port and a second port of the second three-way valve are connected to a second water circulation flow path between the first plate heat exchanger and the battery equipment, and the battery heat exchange system is further provided with a bypass flow path, one end of the bypass flow path is communicated with a third port of the first three-way valve, and the other end of the bypass flow path is communicated with a third port of the second three-way valve.

In some embodiments, the first water circulation flow path of the water heating heat exchange system and the second water circulation flow path of the battery heat exchange system are coupled together through a first water four-way valve, two ports of the first water four-way valve are respectively communicated with the bypass flow path, and the other two ports of the first water four-way valve are respectively communicated with the first water flow path.

In some embodiments, the refrigerant heat exchange system is further provided with a compressor, a refrigerant four-way valve, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve and a third electronic expansion valve, wherein the second plate heat exchanger and the second electronic expansion valve are connected in series to form a first refrigerant branch; the first heat exchanger and the third electronic expansion valve in the vehicle are connected in series to form a second refrigerant branch; the second electronic expansion valve is used for throttling and cooling the refrigerant flowing out of the second plate heat exchanger during heating, and the third electronic expansion valve is used for throttling and cooling the refrigerant flowing out of the first plate heat exchanger during cooling;

The first refrigerant branch and the second refrigerant branch are connected in parallel and then connected with the first plate heat exchanger, the compressor and the refrigerant four-way valve to form a refrigerant circulation loop; wherein:

the refrigerant four-way valve is provided with a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port;

the first port of the refrigerant four-way valve is communicated with the compressor, the second port of the refrigerant four-way valve is communicated with the second plate heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in the vehicle, the third port of the refrigerant four-way valve is communicated with the outlet of the compressor, and the fourth port of the refrigerant four-way valve is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the first plate heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, a gas-liquid separator is arranged between the compressor and the refrigerant four-way valve;

the inlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the first port of the refrigerant four-way valve, and the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the air inlet of the compressor.

In some embodiments, the electric vehicle thermal management system further comprises: a flash vessel having a first inlet, a second inlet, and an air outlet;

the compressor has a first inlet and a second inlet;

the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a first gas inlet of the compressor, the gas outlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with a second gas inlet of the compressor, the first inlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve, and the second inlet of the flash evaporator is respectively communicated with the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve;

Wherein, the flash vessel is provided with the solenoid valve with between the compressor.

In some embodiments, the controller is electrically connected to the first water four-way valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, the first water four-way valve, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the second water four-way valve, respectively;

the controller can control the switching of the water heating heat exchange and the refrigerant heat exchange through the first water four-way valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve, can control the switching of the refrigerant heat exchange and the water heating heat exchange of the battery heat exchange system through the first water four-way valve, the first three-way valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve, and can control the cooling motor of the motor electric control heat exchange system through the second water four-way valve to cool the first plate heat exchanger or heat the first cold plate heat exchanger while controlling the cooling motor electric control.

In some embodiments, further comprising:

when the passenger cabin is refrigerated, the first electronic expansion valve has a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve is in a closed state, and the second electronic expansion valve is in a closed state;

When the battery is refrigerated, the third electronic expansion valve is in a closed state, and the second electronic expansion valve has a certain opening;

when the passenger cabin and the battery are used for refrigerating together, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are simultaneously in an open state, and the opening degrees of the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are changed according to the proportional requirements of the load of the passenger cabin and the load of the battery;

when the refrigerant heat exchange system independently heats the passenger cabin, the third electronic expansion valve has a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve is in an open state, and the second electronic expansion valve is in a closed state;

when the water heating heat exchange system independently heats the passenger cabin, the water heating heater works at full power;

when the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat the passenger cabin, the water heating heater works, the first electronic expansion valve has a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve is in an open state, and the second electronic expansion valve is in a closed state.

An embodiment according to a second aspect of the present invention provides an electric vehicle including: the electric automobile thermal management system.

An embodiment according to a third aspect of the present invention provides a control method of a thermal management system of an electric vehicle, including: and controlling the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system according to the heating requirement of the passenger cabin.

In some embodiments, the adjusting the switch of the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system according to the heating requirement of the passenger cabin includes:

acquiring the ambient temperature of the passenger cabin;

if the ambient temperature is higher than-10 ℃, the refrigerant heat exchange system is operated to heat the passenger cabin;

if the ambient temperature is between-10 ℃ and-20 ℃, the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat the passenger cabin;

and if the ambient temperature is less than-20 ℃, operating the water heating heat exchange system to heat the passenger cabin.

According to the HAVC assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for refrigerating and heating, the second heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for heating, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle are combined with each other, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for refrigerating when refrigerating is needed, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for heating when the refrigerating demand is lower, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle which runs at low power can be used for mixed heating when the refrigerating demand is generally, and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for heating when the refrigerating demand is higher.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle thermal management system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in cooling the passenger compartment according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a system schematic diagram of the electric vehicle thermal management system according to the present invention when cooling a battery;

FIG. 4 is a schematic system diagram of the electric vehicle thermal management system according to the present invention while cooling the passenger compartment and the battery;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system for independently heating a passenger compartment of a refrigerant heat exchange system according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system for individually heating a passenger compartment of a water-heating heat exchange system according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system for mixing a refrigerant heat exchange system and a water heating heat exchange system to heat a passenger compartment according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant heat exchange system in accordance with the present invention when heating a battery;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a system of the water heating heat exchange system according to the present invention when heating a battery;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a system for heating a battery with a combination of a refrigerant heat exchange system and a water heating heat exchange system according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system for simultaneously heating a passenger compartment and a battery of a water-heating heat exchange system according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a system in which a refrigerant heat exchange system and a water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat a passenger compartment and a battery when the heat demand of the battery is low and the heat demand of the passenger compartment is high according to the invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a system in which a refrigerant heat exchange system and a water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat a passenger cabin and a battery when the heat demand of the battery is high and the heat demand of the passenger cabin is also high according to the invention.

Reference numerals

1. A compressor; 2. an electromagnetic valve; 3. a refrigerant four-way valve; 4. a gas-liquid separator; 5. a flash; 6. a first electronic expansion valve; 7. a first plate heat exchanger; 8. a second electronic expansion valve; 9. a third electronic expansion valve; 10. a HAVC assembly; 101. a first heat exchanger in the vehicle; 102. a second heat exchanger in the vehicle; 103. an in-vehicle blower; 11. a first water pump; 12. a water heating heater; 13. a first water four-way valve; 14. a first three-way valve; 15. a battery; 16. a first water tank; 17. a second water pump; 18. a second three-way valve; 19. a second plate heat exchanger; 20. the motor is electrically controlled; 21. a second water tank; 22. a third water pump; 23. a second water four-way valve; 24. a water-cooled heat exchanger; 25. an external blower.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Throughout the specification and claims, the following terms have at least the meanings explicitly associated herein, unless the context dictates otherwise. The meanings identified below are not necessarily limiting terms, but merely provide illustrative examples of terms.

In the description of the present invention, the phrase "in a first embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it may. Similarly, the phrase "in some embodiments" as used herein, when used multiple times, does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it may. As used herein, the term "or" is an inclusive "or" operator and is equivalent to the term "and/or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "based on" is not exclusive and allows for being based on additional factors not described, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The scope of the invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims, and any examples set forth in this specification are not intended to be limiting, but merely set forth some of the many possible embodiments of the claimed invention. The various embodiments provided by the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include a first or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

At present, the electric vehicle has become the trend of automobile development, and is different from the fuel oil vehicle, the electric vehicle needs to control the temperature of a battery, and simultaneously, the electric vehicle also comprehensively meets the load requirements of a cockpit and electric control of a motor.

Many solutions have been proposed by many technicians for integrated thermal management of the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle, the motor controls and the battery. However, most of the HVAC (heating and ventilation system) in the existing scheme is directly cooled and directly heated by the refrigerant, a water heating system is absent, and when the ambient temperature is low and the heating demand is high, the heat supply effect of the refrigerant is not good, so that the vehicle use experience of a customer is affected.

Based on this, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, the HAVC assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the first heat exchanger in the vehicle is used for refrigerating or heating;

the second heat exchanger in the vehicle is arranged opposite to the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and is used for heating;

the air inlet and the air outlet of the fan respectively correspond to the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle, or the air inlet and the air outlet of the fan respectively correspond to the second heat exchanger in the vehicle and the first heat exchanger in the vehicle.

Specifically, the HAVC assembly can exchange heat to the passenger cabin, adjust the temperature in the passenger cabin, the inside refrigerant that can circulate of first heat exchanger in the car, can cool down for the passenger cabin through the first heat exchanger in the car, perhaps heat and heat up, the inside circulating water that can circulate of second heat exchanger in the car, can heat up for the passenger cabin, the fan setting in the car can induced draft and blow, the fan setting in the car is between second heat exchanger in the car and the first heat exchanger in the car, can carry the passenger cabin with the gas that second heat exchanger in the car and/or the first heat exchanger produced in the car in, the fan can set up a plurality of gears in the car, different gears have different blowing intensity, can make the user in the passenger cabin adjust cold wind or hot air intensity.

According to the HAVC assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for refrigerating and heating, the second heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for heating, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle are combined with each other, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for refrigerating when refrigerating is needed, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for heating when the refrigerating demand is lower, the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle which runs at low power can be used for mixed heating when the refrigerating demand is generally, and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle can be used for heating when the refrigerating demand is higher.

Example two

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric automobile thermal management system, including: the water heating heat exchange system, the refrigerant heat exchange system and the HAVC assembly 10;

the water heating heat exchange system and the refrigerant heat exchange system share one HAVC assembly 10.

Specifically, the water heating heat exchange system can circulate water, the refrigerant heat exchange system can circulate refrigerant, the water heating heat exchange system and the refrigerant heat exchange system share one HAVC assembly 10, the water heating heat exchange system can be respectively communicated with the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle and the first heat exchanger 101 in the vehicle in the HAVC assembly 10, the water heating heat exchange system heats the passenger cabin through circulating water, the refrigerant heat exchange system cools or heats the passenger cabin through circulating refrigerant, the temperature in the passenger cabin can be effectively regulated and controlled, a user in the passenger cabin can be in a comfortable environment, and the use experience of the user is improved.

In some embodiments, the motor electric control heat exchange system and the battery heat exchange system are respectively thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system, and the battery heat exchange system is also thermally coupled with the water heating heat exchange system.

Specifically, the electric motor control heat exchange system can cool the electric motor control 20, the battery heat exchange system can cool or heat the vehicle-mounted battery 15, the electric motor control 20 is also thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system, when the refrigerant heat exchange system is used for refrigerating, low-temperature water in the electric motor control heat exchange system can be directly utilized to take away heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat exchange system, when the refrigerant heat exchange system is used for heating, heat generated by the electric motor control 20 can also be utilized for heating the refrigerant, the battery heat exchange system is respectively thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system, the battery 15 can be refrigerated through the refrigerant heat exchange system, the battery 15 is heated through the water heating heat exchange system, the battery 15 is in a good running environment, and the service life of the battery 15 is prolonged.

In some embodiments, a refrigerant heat exchange system includes: the refrigerant four-way valve 3, the electromagnetic valve 2, the gas-liquid separator, the HAVC assembly 10, the first electronic expansion valve 6, the third electronic expansion valve 9, the flash generator 5, the first plate heat exchanger 7, the gas-liquid separator 4, the second plate heat exchanger 19 and the second electronic expansion valve 8;

Wherein, the outlet of the first heat exchanger 101 in the car of the HAVC assembly 10 is communicated with the third electronic expansion valve 9, the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve 9 is communicated with the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 8 and the inlet of the flash evaporator 5 respectively, the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 8 is communicated with the inlet of the second plate heat exchanger 19, the outlet of the second plate heat exchanger 19 is communicated with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 101 in the car, the first outlet of the flash evaporator 5 is communicated with the inlet of the electromagnetic valve 2, the outlet of the electromagnetic valve 2 is communicated with the first inlet of the compressor 1, the second outlet of the flash evaporator 5 is communicated with the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 6, the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve 6 is communicated with the inlet of the first plate heat exchanger 7, the outlet of the first plate heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the first inlet of the refrigerant four-way valve 3, the first outlet of the refrigerant four-way valve 3 is communicated with the gas-liquid separator 4, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 4 is communicated with the second inlet of the compressor 1, the outlet of the compressor 1 is communicated with the second inlet of the refrigerant valve 3, the second outlet of the four-way valve 3 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 101 in the car;

wherein, the first plate heat exchanger 7 is thermally coupled with the electric control heat exchange system of the motor, and the second plate heat exchanger 19 is thermally coupled with the heat exchange system of the battery.

Specifically, the refrigerant heat exchange system realizes the thermal coupling with the electric motor control heat exchange system through the first plate heat exchanger 7, can cool or heat up the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat exchange system through the electric motor control heat exchange system, and the refrigerant heat exchange system realizes the thermal coupling with the battery heat exchange system through the second plate heat exchanger 19, can take away the heat in the battery heat exchange system fast through the refrigerant, and is cooled down for the battery 15.

In some embodiments, the water heating heat exchange system comprises: the system comprises an HAVC assembly 10, a first water pump 11, a water heating heater 12 and a first water four-way valve 13;

wherein, the outlet of the second heat exchanger 102 in the car of the HAVC assembly 10 is communicated with the inlet of the first water pump 11, the outlet of the first water pump 11 is communicated with the inlet of the water heating heater 12, the outlet of the water heating heater 12 is communicated with the first inlet of the first water four-way valve 13, and the first outlet of the first water four-way valve 13 is communicated with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 102 in the car;

wherein, the first water four-way valve 13 is also communicated with a battery heat exchange system.

Specifically, the water heating heat exchange system can heat water through the water heating heater 12, then brings heat into the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle through the water, brings a large amount of heat for the passenger cabin, improves the temperature of the passenger cabin, heats the passenger cabin, meanwhile, the water heating heat exchange system is also communicated with the battery heat exchange system through the first water four-way valve 13, and can also bring heat into the battery heat exchange system through the water, so as to heat the battery 15.

In some embodiments, a battery heat exchange system includes: the second plate heat exchanger 19, the second three-way valve 18, the second water pump 17, the first water tank 16, the battery 15 heat exchange pipeline, the first water four-way valve 13 and the first three-way valve 14;

wherein the second outlet of the second plate heat exchanger 19 is communicated with the second three-way valve 18, the first outlet of the second three-way valve 18 is communicated with the second water pump 17, the outlet of the second water pump 17 is communicated with the inlet of the first water tank 16, the outlet of the first water tank 16 is communicated with the inlet of the heat exchange pipeline of the battery 15, the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline of the battery 15 is communicated with the first inlet of the first three-way valve 14, and the outlet of the first three-way valve 14 is communicated with the second inlet of the second plate heat exchanger 19;

wherein the second outlet of the second three-way valve 18 is also communicated with the second inlet of the first water four-way valve 13, and the second outlet of the first water four-way valve 13 is communicated with the second inlet of the first three-way valve 14.

Specifically, the battery heat exchange system circulates water in the heat exchange pipeline of the battery 15, so that the temperature of the battery 15 can be adjusted, when the temperature of the battery 15 is higher, the heat of the battery 15 can be taken away through the circulating water, the temperature of the circulating water is reduced through the refrigerant heat exchange system, when the temperature of the battery 15 is lower, the circulating water can be heated through the water heating heat exchange system, and then the heat is brought to the battery 15 through the circulating water, so that the battery 15 is heated.

In some embodiments, a motor electronically controlled heat exchange system includes: the system comprises a first plate heat exchanger 7, a motor electric control 20, a second water tank 21, a third water pump 22, a second water four-way valve 23, a water-cooled heat exchanger 24 and an external fan 25;

wherein, the second outlet of the first plate heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger 24, the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger 24 is communicated with the first inlet of the second water four-way valve 23, the first outlet of the second water four-way valve 23 is communicated with the inlet of the third water pump 22, the outlet of the third water pump 22 is communicated with the second inlet of the second water four-way valve 23, the second outlet of the second water four-way valve 23 is communicated with the inlet of the second water tank 21, the outlet of the second water tank 21 is communicated with the inlet of the electric motor control 20 heat exchange pipeline, the outlet of the electric motor control 20 heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the second inlet of the first plate heat exchanger 7, and the air outlet of the off-vehicle fan 25 corresponds to the water-cooled heat exchanger 24.

Specifically, the motor electric control heat exchange system can cool the motor electric control 20 through the circulating water and the water cooling heat exchanger 24, so that the motor electric control 20 runs normally, the heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat exchange system can be carried by the circulating water, the refrigerating effect of the refrigerant heat exchange system is guaranteed, and when the refrigerant heat exchange system heats, the circulating direction of the circulating water in the motor electric control heat exchange system can be adjusted through the second water four-way valve 23, so that the motor electric control 20 system can bring the heat generated by the motor electric control 20 to the refrigerant heat exchange system, and the heating effect of the refrigerant heat exchange system is guaranteed.

In some embodiments, further comprising:

the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the first water four-way valve 13, the second electronic expansion valve 8, the third electronic expansion valve 9, the first water four-way valve 13, the first three-way valve 14, the second three-way valve 18 and the second water four-way valve 23;

the controller can control the switching of water heating heat exchange and refrigerant heat exchange through the first water four-way valve 13, the second electronic expansion valve 8 and the third electronic expansion valve 9, and can control the switching of the refrigerant heat exchange and the water heating heat exchange of the battery heat exchange system through the first water four-way valve 13, the first three-way valve 14, the second three-way valve 18, the second electronic expansion valve 8 and the third electronic expansion valve 9, and can control the motor electric control heat exchange system to cool the first plate heat exchanger 7 or heat the first cold plate heat exchanger while controlling the motor electric control 20 through the second water four-way valve 23.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, when the passenger compartment is cooled, the first electronic expansion valve 6 has a certain opening degree, the electromagnetic valve 2 is closed, and the second electronic expansion valve 8 is closed for refrigerant circulation. The refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and enters the first plate heat exchanger 7, the high-temperature refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 101 in the vehicle for evaporation and heat absorption under the throttling action of the flash evaporator 5 and the third electronic expansion valve 9, and finally flows back to the compressor 1 by the refrigerant four-way valve 3 and the gas-liquid separator 4 to form refrigeration cycle. For waterway circulation, the high-temperature water solution exchanged by the first plate heat exchanger 7 enters the water-cooling heat exchanger 24 through the motor electric control 20, the second water tank 21, the third water pump 22 and the second water four-way valve 23, and heat is dissipated into the environment by an external fan. In addition, when the motor electric control 20 has a heat dissipation requirement, heat dissipation can be realized synchronously.

As shown in fig. 3, when the vehicle-mounted battery 15 is cooled, the circulation flow direction of the refrigerant and the heat exchange circulation flow direction of the outside environment of the vehicle are consistent with the cooling operation of the passenger cabin, at this time, the third electronic expansion valve 9 is in a closed state, the refrigerant enters the first plate heat exchanger 7 to evaporate and absorb heat under the throttling action of the second electronic expansion valve 8, the cooled low-temperature water solution cools the battery 15 through the second three-way valve 18, the second water pump 17 and the first water tank 16, and then flows back to the first plate heat exchanger 7 through the first three-way valve 14 to continue heat exchange to form the cooling circulation of the battery 15.

As shown in fig. 4, when the passenger compartment cooling and the battery 15 cooling are simultaneously provided, the passenger compartment cooling and the battery 15 cooling scheme are combined, at this time, the second electronic expansion valve 8 and the third electronic expansion valve 9 are simultaneously in an open state, and the opening degree of the two can be appropriately adjusted according to the proportional requirements of the passenger compartment load and the battery 15 load.

As shown in fig. 5, when the passenger compartment is heated, if the passenger compartment is not heated at a low ambient temperature (typically, -10 ℃ or higher), the refrigerant heat exchange system is operated to heat the passenger compartment, and at this time, the third electronic expansion valve 9 has a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve 2 is in an open state, and the second electronic expansion valve 8 is in a closed state. After being compressed by the compressor 1, the refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger 101 in the vehicle in the HAVC assembly 10 to release heat under the action of the reversing of the refrigerant four-way valve 3, then is throttled once by the third electronic expansion valve 9 and is partially evaporated in the flash evaporator 5, the supercooled liquid refrigerant continues to be throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 6 and is evaporated in the first plate heat exchanger 7 to absorb heat, and finally flows back to the compressor 1 through the refrigerant four-way valve 3 and the gas-liquid separator 4. Simultaneously, the gaseous refrigerant evaporated in the flash evaporator 5 flows into the middle pressure end of the compressor 1 to complete the air supplementing and enthalpy increasing, and the heating capacity is improved. For the water system exchanging heat with the outside environment of the vehicle, the second water four-way valve 23 switches the flow direction at the moment, and if the motor is electrically controlled 20 to dissipate heat, the refrigerant just carries the heat to enter the first plate heat exchanger 7 at the moment, so that the heat can be recycled.

As shown in fig. 6, when the ambient temperature is very low (generally below-20 ℃), the refrigerant heat exchange system cannot normally work, the water heating heat exchange system is used for heating, the water heating heater 12 starts to work, and when the passenger cabin needs to be heated, the high-temperature water solution heated by the water heating heater 12 releases heat in the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle, and then flows back to the water heating heater 12 through the first water pump 11 for heat exchange to form a water heating cycle.

As shown in fig. 7, when the heat supply load requirement of the vehicle interior is at a common value (generally-20 ℃ to-10 ℃), the refrigerant heat exchange system is independently turned on, the passenger cabin requirement cannot be met, the power consumption of the water heating heat exchange system is separately turned on, at this time, the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system can be adopted to supply heat together, and circulating air is initially heated in the HAVC assembly 10 through the first heat exchanger 101 in the vehicle interior, and then is reheated by the water heating heater 12 and then is fed into the passenger cabin. The water heating heater 12 can be operated without maximum power, and certain heat can be supplemented by the heat pump circulation, so that the dual purposes of heating effect and energy saving can be achieved in the mixed mode.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a heating scheme of the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system during heating of the battery 15 is provided, and by switching and adjusting the first water four-way valve 13, the first three-way valve 14 and the second three-way valve 18, the heating source of the battery 15 can be switched between the first plate heat exchanger 7 and the water heating heater 12 so as to meet different heat demands.

As shown in fig. 10, the operation scheme of the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system when the passenger cabin and the battery 15 have heating requirements is given, and is the accumulation of the heating of the refrigerant heat exchange system of the passenger cabin and the heating of the refrigerant heat exchange system of the battery 15, and similar to the foregoing, the description is omitted.

As shown in fig. 11, the heating scheme of the water heating heat exchange system is adopted for heating the passenger cabin and heating the battery 15, and the cycle is identical to that of the drawing, except that the heating requirement is present in the vehicle at this time, and the aqueous solution heated by the battery 15 continuously releases heat in the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle. In particular, heat flows through the battery 15 and then through the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle to preferentially ensure the heat demand of the battery 15.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, a hybrid heating scheme of a refrigerant heat exchange system and a water heating heat exchange system for heating a passenger cabin and a battery 15 is provided, wherein fig. 12 is suitable for a situation that the heat demand of the battery 15 is low and the heat demand of the passenger cabin is high, at this time, the heat of the battery 15 is derived from part of the heat generated by the heat pump, and the heat of the passenger cabin is derived from part of the heat generated by the heat pump and the heat generated by the water heating heater 12, so that the best state of the battery 15 is ensured and the passenger cabin demand is met to the greatest possible extent. The water heating heater 12 and the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle in fig. 13 are connected in series on the same flow path, so that the water heating heater is suitable for the situation that the heat requirement of the battery 15 and the heat requirement of the passenger cabin are high, at this moment, the heat of the battery 15 is completely derived from the water heating heater 12, and the rest heat and the heat generated by the heat pump cycle are sent into the passenger cabin by the first heat exchanger 101 in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger 102 in the vehicle together, so that the maximization and the optimization of the heat requirement distribution are realized.

Example III

The embodiment of the application also provides an electric automobile, which comprises: the electric automobile thermal management system.

Specifically, through the electric automobile thermal management system that this application provided, can be to the comprehensive thermal management of electric vehicle passenger cabin, the automatically controlled 20 of motor and battery 15, make refrigerant heat transfer system, hot-water heating heat transfer system, battery heat transfer system and automatically controlled heat transfer system of motor can link each other, satisfy customer's use needs, guarantee vehicle normal operating, improve energy utilization.

Example IV

The embodiment of the application also provides a control method of the electric automobile thermal management system, which comprises the following steps: refrigerant heat exchange system and water heating heat exchange system are controlled according to heating requirements of passenger cabins

Specifically, the heating requirement of the passenger cabin can be judged according to the temperature in the passenger cabin or the ambient temperature outside the passenger cabin, the refrigerant heat exchange system can be directly opened for heating when the heating requirement is smaller, the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system can be mixed for heating when the heating requirement is common, the water heating heat exchange system can be operated at low power, and the water heating heat exchange system can be operated at high power when the heating requirement is higher.

The electric vehicle can meet the heating requirement of the passenger cabin, save energy consumption, reduce heating cost and improve the endurance of the electric vehicle.

In some embodiments, the switch of the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system is adjusted according to the heating requirement of the passenger cabin, and the switch comprises:

acquiring the ambient temperature of the passenger cabin;

if the ambient temperature is higher than-10 ℃, the refrigerant heat exchange system is operated to heat the passenger cabin;

if the ambient temperature is between-10 ℃ and-20 ℃, the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat the passenger cabin;

and if the ambient temperature is less than-20 ℃, operating the water heating heat exchange system to heat the passenger cabin.

Specifically, the heating requirement of the passenger cabin can be judged according to the environmental temperature of the passenger cabin, and when the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat the passenger cabin, the water heating heat exchange system can operate with low power, so that the energy consumption is reduced. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "first embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least the first embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any first or second embodiments or examples. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. The electric automobile heat management system is characterized by comprising a water heating heat exchange system, a refrigerant heat exchange system, a motor electric control heat exchange system and a battery heat exchange system;

the refrigerant heat exchange system is provided with a refrigerant circulation flow path, a first plate heat exchanger (7), a first heat exchanger (101) and a second plate heat exchanger (19) in the vehicle are arranged on the refrigerant circulation flow path, wherein the first plate heat exchanger (7) is used as a condenser in the refrigeration operation of the refrigerant heat exchange system, the first plate heat exchanger (101) and the second plate heat exchanger (19) are used as evaporators in the heating operation of the refrigerant heat exchange system, the first plate heat exchanger (7) is used as the condenser in the heating operation of the refrigerant heat exchange system, the first plate heat exchanger (101) and the second plate heat exchanger (19) are used as the condensers in the vehicle, and the first plate heat exchanger (7) is used as the evaporators; wherein the first heat exchanger (101) in the vehicle is arranged in the passenger cabin;

the water heating heat exchange system is provided with a first water circulation flow path, a heater and an in-vehicle second heat exchanger (102) are arranged on the water circulation flow path, the heater is used for heating the first water circulation flow path, and the in-vehicle second heat exchanger (102) is arranged in the passenger cabin so as to heat the passenger cabin by utilizing the heat of the first water circulation flow path; wherein the second heat exchanger (102) in the vehicle is arranged in the passenger cabin;

The battery heat exchange system is thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system through the second plate heat exchanger (19), and a second water circulation flow path is formed in the battery heat exchange system, and can circularly flow through battery equipment and the second plate heat exchanger (19), so that the second plate heat exchanger (19) can release heat of the motor electric control equipment absorbed by the second plate heat exchanger (19) from the second water circulation flow path to the refrigerant flow path flowing through the second plate heat exchanger (19);

the motor electric control heat exchange system is thermally coupled with the refrigerant heat exchange system through the first plate heat exchanger (7), the motor electric control heat exchange system is provided with a third water circulation flow path, the third water circulation flow path circularly flows through the motor electric control equipment and the first plate heat exchanger (7), and the heat of the motor electric control equipment absorbed by the first plate heat exchanger (7) from the third water circulation flow path can be released to the refrigerant flow path flowing through the first plate heat exchanger (7).

2. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, wherein,

the battery heat exchange system is further provided with a first three-way valve (14) and a second three-way valve (18), wherein a first port and a second port of the first three-way valve (14) are connected to a second water circulation flow path between the first plate heat exchanger (7) and the battery equipment, a first port and a second port of the second three-way valve (18) are connected to a second water circulation flow path between the first plate heat exchanger (7) and the battery equipment, the battery heat exchange system is further provided with a bypass flow path, one end of the bypass flow path is communicated with a third port of the first three-way valve (14), and the other end of the bypass flow path is communicated with a third port of the second three-way valve (18).

3. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 2, wherein,

the first water circulation flow path of the water heating heat exchange system is coupled with the second water circulation flow path of the battery heat exchange system through a first water four-way valve (13), two ports of the first water four-way valve (13) are respectively communicated with the bypass flow path, and the other two ports of the first water four-way valve (13) are respectively communicated with the first water flow path.

4. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein,

the refrigerant heat exchange system is further provided with a compressor (1), a refrigerant four-way valve (3), a first electronic expansion valve (6), a second electronic expansion valve (8) and a third electronic expansion valve (9), wherein the second plate heat exchanger (19) and the second electronic expansion valve (8) are connected in series to form a first refrigerant branch; the first heat exchanger (101) and the third electronic expansion valve (9) in the vehicle are connected in series to form a second refrigerant branch; the second electronic expansion valve (8) is used for throttling and cooling the refrigerant flowing out of the second plate heat exchanger (19) during heating, and the third electronic expansion valve (9) is used for throttling and cooling the refrigerant flowing out of the first plate heat exchanger (7) during cooling;

The first refrigerant branch and the second refrigerant branch are connected in parallel and then connected with the first plate heat exchanger (7), the compressor (1) and the refrigerant four-way valve (3) to form a refrigerant circulation loop; wherein:

the refrigerant four-way valve (3) is provided with a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port;

the first port of the refrigerant four-way valve (3) is communicated with the compressor (1), the second port of the refrigerant four-way valve (3) is communicated with the second plate heat exchanger (19) and the first heat exchanger (101) in the vehicle, the third port of the refrigerant four-way valve (3) is communicated with the outlet of the compressor (1), and the fourth port of the refrigerant four-way valve (3) is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the first plate heat exchanger (7).

5. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 4, wherein,

a gas-liquid separator (4) is arranged between the compressor (1) and the refrigerant four-way valve (3);

the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (4) is communicated with the first port of the refrigerant four-way valve (3), and the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator (4) is communicated with the air inlet of the compressor (1).

6. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 5, wherein,

the electric vehicle thermal management system further includes: a flash vessel (5), the flash vessel (5) having a first inlet, a second inlet and an air outlet;

The compressor (1) has a first inlet and a second inlet;

the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (4) is communicated with a first gas inlet of the compressor (1), the gas outlet of the flash evaporator (5) is communicated with a second gas inlet of the compressor (1), the first inlet of the flash evaporator (5) is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve (6), and the second inlet of the flash evaporator (5) is respectively communicated with the second electronic expansion valve (8) and the third electronic expansion valve (9);

wherein, be provided with solenoid valve (2) between flash vessel (5) and compressor (1).

7. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 6, further comprising:

the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the first water four-way valve (13), the second electronic expansion valve (8), the third electronic expansion valve (9), the first water four-way valve (13), the first three-way valve (14), the second three-way valve (18) and the second water four-way valve (23);

the controller can control the switching of water heating heat exchange and refrigerant heat exchange through the first water four-way valve (13), the second electronic expansion valve (8) and the third electronic expansion valve (9), can control the switching of the refrigerant heat exchange and the water heating heat exchange of the battery heat exchange system through the first water four-way valve (13), the first three-way valve (14), the second three-way valve (18), the second electronic expansion valve (8) and the third electronic expansion valve (9), and can control the cooling motor electric control (20) of the motor electric control heat exchange system through the second water four-way valve (23) and simultaneously cool the first plate heat exchanger (7) or heat the first cold plate heat exchanger.

8. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 7, further comprising:

when the passenger cabin is refrigerated, the first electronic expansion valve (6) has a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve (2) is in a closed state, and the second electronic expansion valve (8) is in a closed state;

when the battery is refrigerated, the third electronic expansion valve (9) is in a closed state, and the second electronic expansion valve (8) has a certain opening degree;

when the passenger cabin and the battery are used for refrigerating together, the second electronic expansion valve (8) and the third electronic expansion valve (9) are simultaneously in an open state, and the opening degrees of the second electronic expansion valve (8) and the third electronic expansion valve (9) are changed according to the proportional requirements of the load of the passenger cabin and the load of the battery (15);

when the refrigerant heat exchange system independently heats the passenger cabin, the third electronic expansion valve (9) has a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve (2) is in an open state, and the second electronic expansion valve (8) is in a closed state;

when the water heating heat exchange system independently heats the passenger cabin, the water heating heater (12) works at full power;

when the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat the passenger cabin, the water heating heater (12) works, the first electronic expansion valve (6) has a certain opening degree, the electromagnetic valve (2) is in an opening state, and the second electronic expansion valve (8) is in a closing state.

9. An electric automobile, characterized by comprising:

the electric vehicle thermal management system of any one of claims 1-8.

10. A control method of an electric vehicle thermal management system, the electric vehicle thermal management system being the electric vehicle thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising:

and controlling the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system according to the heating requirement of the passenger cabin.

11. The control method according to claim 10, wherein the adjusting the switch of the refrigerant heat exchanging system and the water heating heat exchanging system according to the heating demand of the passenger compartment comprises:

acquiring the ambient temperature of the passenger cabin;

if the ambient temperature is higher than-10 ℃, the refrigerant heat exchange system is operated to heat the passenger cabin;

if the ambient temperature is between-10 ℃ and-20 ℃, the refrigerant heat exchange system and the water heating heat exchange system are mixed to heat the passenger cabin;

and if the ambient temperature is less than-20 ℃, operating the water heating heat exchange system to heat the passenger cabin.