CN110435384A - A kind of electric automobile heat-pump air-conditioning system - Google Patents
A kind of electric automobile heat-pump air-conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110435384A CN110435384A CN201910582510.7A CN201910582510A CN110435384A CN 110435384 A CN110435384 A CN 110435384A CN 201910582510 A CN201910582510 A CN 201910582510A CN 110435384 A CN110435384 A CN 110435384A
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种电动汽车热泵空调系统,通过车外换热器、第一膨胀阀和车内第一换热器实现第一车内制冷回路或电池升温回路;车内第一换热器与车内第二换热器串联后,第一支路通过流量控制阀和气液分离器连接电动压缩机吸气入口形成补气增焓回路,第二支路通过第一膨胀阀和车外换热器形成车内制热回路;电动压缩机连接车内第一换热器后,第三支路连接第二膨胀阀和车内第二换热器形成第二车内制冷回路,第四支路连接第一膨胀阀和车外换热器形成电池降温回路;本发明热泵空调系统与电池温控系统结合,既提高了空调的低温制热性能,又解决了低温电池冷启动问题,高温环境下同时实现车内制冷和电池降温。
The invention discloses a heat pump air conditioning system for an electric vehicle, which realizes a first in-vehicle refrigeration circuit or a battery heating circuit through an out-of-vehicle heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and a first in-vehicle heat exchanger; After the second heat exchanger in the car is connected in series, the first branch is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor through the flow control valve and the gas-liquid separator to form a supplementary air and enthalpy increase loop, and the second branch passes through the first expansion valve and exchanges heat outside the car. After the electric compressor is connected to the first heat exchanger in the car, the third branch connects the second expansion valve and the second heat exchanger in the car to form the second refrigeration circuit in the car, and the fourth branch The first expansion valve and the external heat exchanger are connected to form a battery cooling circuit; the heat pump air conditioning system of the invention is combined with the battery temperature control system, which not only improves the low temperature heating performance of the air conditioner, but also solves the problem of cold start of the low temperature battery. In-car cooling and battery cooling are achieved at the same time.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种电动汽车空调系统领域,特别是涉及一种电动汽车热泵空调系统。The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle air conditioning systems, in particular to a heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
随着电动汽车电机、电池、电控技术的日益成熟和电动汽车的快速发展,对电动汽车乘客空调舒适性的要求越来越高,同时电动汽车低温启动性能是电动汽车电池系统目前存在的主要问题之一,电池的性能和寿命仍然是电动汽车行业发展的瓶颈。With the increasing maturity of electric vehicle motors, batteries, and electronic control technologies and the rapid development of electric vehicles, the requirements for the comfort of electric vehicle passenger air conditioners are getting higher and higher. One of the problems, the performance and life of the battery is still the bottleneck of the development of the electric vehicle industry.
当前电动汽车空调制冷通常采用电动压缩机制冷剂降温,而制热过程,由于没有发动机余热的利用,通常采用电加热辅助系统实现制热,电加热系统的能效比小于1,制热效率低,耗电量大,严重影响电动汽车续航里程;现有热泵空调系统虽然采用了三换热器制热,但是没有补气增焓回路,造成热泵空调系统在低温环境下排气温度过高、车外换热器结霜问题,影响热泵空调系统的换热性能和低温制热性能;现有技术并未对电池温度进行控制,然而,温度对电池性能的影响较大,包括电池的电阻、充放电性能、安全、寿命等;温度过低,影响电池的功率和能量的输出,无法满足电动汽车冷启动的动力要求,温度过高导致电池寿命缩短,安全性降低。At present, electric vehicle air conditioning and refrigeration usually use electric compressor refrigerant to cool down, and in the heating process, because there is no use of engine waste heat, electric heating auxiliary system is usually used to achieve heating. The energy efficiency ratio of the electric heating system is less than 1, and the heating efficiency is low. The large amount of electricity will seriously affect the cruising range of electric vehicles; although the existing heat pump air conditioning system uses three heat exchangers for heating, but there is no air supply and enthalpy increase circuit, resulting in the heat pump air conditioning system in the low temperature environment. The problem of frosting on the heat exchanger affects the heat exchange performance and low temperature heating performance of the heat pump air conditioning system; the existing technology does not control the battery temperature, however, the temperature has a great impact on the battery performance, including the resistance of the battery, charging and discharging Performance, safety, life, etc.; if the temperature is too low, it will affect the power and energy output of the battery, and it cannot meet the power requirements of the cold start of electric vehicles. Too high temperature will shorten the battery life and reduce the safety.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种电动汽车热泵空调系统,以解决上述现有技术存在的问题,提高热泵空调系统的低温制热性能,降低能耗,提高制热效率,实现对电池的温度控制。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system to solve the above problems in the prior art, improve the low temperature heating performance of the heat pump air conditioning system, reduce energy consumption, improve heating efficiency, and realize temperature control of the battery.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:本发明提供一种电动汽车热泵空调系统,包括:电动压缩机、车内第一换热器、车内第二换热器、流量控制阀、气液分离器、第一膨胀阀、车外换热器、水泵、电池包、第二膨胀阀;In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a heat pump air conditioning system for an electric vehicle, comprising: an electric compressor, a first heat exchanger in the car, a second heat exchanger in the car, a flow control valve, a gas Liquid separator, first expansion valve, external heat exchanger, water pump, battery pack, second expansion valve;
所述电动压缩机排气出口连接所述车外换热器的一端,所述车外换热器的另一端通过所述第一膨胀阀连接所述车内第一换热器的一端,所述车内第一换热器的另一端通过所述气液分离器连接所述电动压缩机吸气入口,形成第一车内制冷回路或电池升温回路;The exhaust outlet of the electric compressor is connected to one end of the outside heat exchanger, and the other end of the outside heat exchanger is connected to one end of the first heat exchanger inside the vehicle through the first expansion valve, so the The other end of the first heat exchanger in the vehicle is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor through the gas-liquid separator to form a first in-vehicle refrigeration circuit or a battery heating circuit;
所述电动压缩机排气出口连接所述车内第一换热器,所述车内第二换热器与所述车内第一换热器串联后分成第一支路和第二支路,第一支路包括:通过所述流量控制阀和所述气液分离器连接所述电动压缩机吸气入口,形成补气增焓回路;第二支路包括:通过所述第一膨胀阀连接所述车外换热器的一端,所述车外换热器的另一端通过所述气液分离器连接所述电动压缩机吸气入口,形成车内制热回路;The exhaust outlet of the electric compressor is connected to the first heat exchanger in the vehicle, and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle is connected in series with the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and then divided into a first branch and a second branch. , the first branch circuit includes: connecting the suction inlet of the electric compressor through the flow control valve and the gas-liquid separator to form a supplementary gas and enthalpy increase circuit; the second branch circuit includes: passing through the first expansion valve One end of the outside heat exchanger is connected, and the other end of the outside heat exchanger is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor through the gas-liquid separator to form an inside heating circuit;
所述电动压缩机排气出口连接所述车内第一换热器后分成第三支路和第四支路,第三支路包括:通过所述第二膨胀阀连接所述车内第二换热器的一端,所述车内第二换热器的另一端通过所述流量控制阀和所述气液分离器连接所述电动压缩机吸气入口,形成第二车内制冷回路;第四支路包括:通过第一膨胀阀连接车外换热器的一端,所述车外换热器的另一端通过所述气液分离器连接所述电动压缩机吸气入口,形成电池降温回路;The exhaust outlet of the electric compressor is connected to the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and then divided into a third branch and a fourth branch. The third branch includes: connecting the second in-vehicle through the second expansion valve. One end of the heat exchanger and the other end of the second heat exchanger in the vehicle are connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor through the flow control valve and the gas-liquid separator to form a second refrigeration circuit in the vehicle; The four branches include: one end connected to the outside heat exchanger through the first expansion valve, and the other end of the outside heat exchanger connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor through the gas-liquid separator to form a battery cooling circuit ;
所述电池包、水泵和车外换热器串行连接,形成电池温度控制系统。The battery pack, the water pump and the external heat exchanger are connected in series to form a battery temperature control system.
优选的,所述电动压缩机为封闭式电动压缩机。Preferably, the electric compressor is a hermetic electric compressor.
优选的,所述电动压缩机排气出口设置有四通换向阀。Preferably, the exhaust outlet of the electric compressor is provided with a four-way reversing valve.
优选的,所述电动汽车热泵空调系统中设置有第一电磁阀、第二电磁阀和第三电磁阀,通过所述第一电磁阀、第二电磁阀和第三电磁阀的开关控制所述第一车内制冷回路或电池升温回路、所述车内制热回路、所述第二车内制冷回路及电池降温回路的切换。Preferably, the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system is provided with a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve, and the switches of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are used to control the Switching of the first in-vehicle refrigeration circuit or the battery heating circuit, the in-vehicle heating circuit, the second in-vehicle refrigeration circuit and the battery cooling circuit.
优选的,所述车内第一换热器与所述车内第二换热器并排安装,所述车内第二换热器的一侧设置有鼓风机,所述车内第一换热器与所述鼓风机分别设置在所述车内第二换热器的相对侧。Preferably, the first in-vehicle heat exchanger and the in-vehicle second heat exchanger are installed side by side, a blower is provided on one side of the in-vehicle second heat exchanger, and the in-vehicle first heat exchanger and are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the second heat exchanger in the vehicle from the blower.
优选的,所述水泵与所述电池包设置在所述车外换热器的同一侧,所述车外换热器的另一侧设置有风扇。Preferably, the water pump and the battery pack are arranged on the same side of the outside heat exchanger, and a fan is arranged on the other side of the outside heat exchanger.
优选的,所述车内第一换热器与所述车内第二换热器之间设置有水平方向的上隔离板和下隔离板,所述上隔离板连接所述车内第一换热器与所述车内第二换热器的顶端,所述下隔离板连接所述车内第一换热器与所述车内第二换热器的底端,所述上隔离板与所述下隔离板中间设置有竖直方向的导风板,所述上隔离板上设置有导风口,所述导风口设置在所述车内第二换热器与所述导风板之间,所述导风口上设置有导风罩。Preferably, a horizontal upper isolation plate and a lower isolation plate are arranged between the first in-vehicle heat exchanger and the in-vehicle second heat exchanger, and the upper isolation plate is connected to the in-vehicle first heat exchanger. The top end of the heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle, the lower isolation plate is connected to the bottom end of the first heat exchanger in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle, and the upper isolation plate is connected to the bottom end of the second heat exchanger in the vehicle. A vertical air guide plate is arranged in the middle of the lower isolation plate, and an air guide port is arranged on the upper isolation plate, and the air guide port is arranged between the second heat exchanger in the vehicle and the air guide plate , the air guide is provided with an air guide cover.
本发明公开了以下技术效果:The present invention discloses the following technical effects:
1.本发明在车内制热时,制冷剂通过车内两个换热器,部分可控流量回到电动压缩机进气口形成补气增焓回路,通过补气增焓回路将中温高压的制冷剂补充到压缩机进气口或者工作腔中,增加了电动压缩机的制冷剂流量及排气量,降低了电动压缩机的排气温度,实现了补气流量的准确控制,同时通过补气增焓回路增加了车外换热器制冷剂焓差,提高了热泵空调系统的换热性能和低温制热性能;1. When the present invention is used for heating in the car, the refrigerant passes through the two heat exchangers in the car, and part of the controllable flow returns to the air inlet of the electric compressor to form an air supplement and enthalpy increase circuit. The refrigerant is supplemented to the air inlet or working chamber of the compressor, which increases the refrigerant flow and exhaust volume of the electric compressor, reduces the exhaust temperature of the electric compressor, and realizes the accurate control of the air supply flow. The air supply and enthalpy increase circuit increases the refrigerant enthalpy difference of the external heat exchanger, and improves the heat exchange performance and low temperature heating performance of the heat pump air conditioning system;
2.本发明在车内制热时,车外换热器与电池换热器融合设计,制冷剂通过车外换热器与电池产生的余热进行交换实现车内制热,充分利用电池冷却系统余热,降低能耗,提高换热效率,同时有效解决了车外换热器低温换热时结霜的问题;2. In the present invention, when heating in the car, the external heat exchanger and the battery heat exchanger are integrated and designed, and the refrigerant is exchanged with the waste heat generated by the external heat exchanger and the battery to realize the heating in the car, and the battery cooling system is fully utilized. waste heat, reduce energy consumption, improve heat exchange efficiency, and effectively solve the problem of frost formation during low temperature heat exchange of the external heat exchanger;
3.本发明通过第一膨胀阀和第二膨胀阀的共同作用,能够在高温环境下同时实现车内制冷和电池降温控制,在高温环境下既保证了车内的舒适度,又保证了电池的正常使用。3. The present invention, through the joint action of the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve, can simultaneously realize the control of in-vehicle cooling and battery cooling in a high-temperature environment, which not only ensures the comfort of the vehicle but also ensures the battery’s cooling in a high-temperature environment. normal use.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本发明电动汽车热泵空调系统结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system of the present invention;
图2为本发明电动汽车热泵空调系统车内制冷原理结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of the in-vehicle refrigeration principle of the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;
图3为本发明电动汽车热泵空调系统车内制热原理结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of the in-vehicle heating principle of the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;
图4为本发明电动汽车热泵空调系统电池升温原理结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery heating principle of the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;
图5为本发明电动汽车热泵空调系统车内制冷同时电池降温原理结构示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the principle structure of the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system in-vehicle cooling while the battery is cooling down;
图6为本发明电动汽车热泵空调电池温度控制系统原理结构示意图;6 is a schematic structural diagram of the principle structure of the battery temperature control system of the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioner according to the present invention;
其中,1为电动压缩机,2为四通换向阀,3为车内第一换热器,4为第一电磁阀,5为第二电磁阀,6为车内第二换热器,7为鼓风机,8为第一单向阀,9为流量控制阀,10为气液分离器,11为第一膨胀阀,12为第二单向阀,13为风扇,14为车外换热器,15为水泵,16为电池包,17为第二膨胀阀,18为第三电磁阀,19为导风罩,20为导风板,21为上隔离板,22为下隔离板。Among them, 1 is the electric compressor, 2 is the four-way reversing valve, 3 is the first heat exchanger in the car, 4 is the first solenoid valve, 5 is the second solenoid valve, 6 is the second heat exchanger in the car, 7 is the blower, 8 is the first one-way valve, 9 is the flow control valve, 10 is the gas-liquid separator, 11 is the first expansion valve, 12 is the second one-way valve, 13 is the fan, and 14 is the heat exchange outside the vehicle 15 is a water pump, 16 is a battery pack, 17 is a second expansion valve, 18 is a third solenoid valve, 19 is an air guide hood, 20 is an air guide plate, 21 is an upper isolation plate, and 22 is a lower isolation plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参照图1,本发明提供一种电动汽车热泵空调系统,包括:电动压缩机1、车内第一换热器3、车内第二换热器6、流量控制阀9、气液分离器10、第一膨胀阀11、车外换热器14、水泵15、电池包16、第二膨胀阀17、第一电磁阀4、第二电磁阀5、第三电磁阀18;Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a heat pump air conditioning system for an electric vehicle, including: an electric compressor 1 , a first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle, a second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle, a flow control valve 9 , and a gas-liquid separator 10 , the first expansion valve 11, the external heat exchanger 14, the water pump 15, the battery pack 16, the second expansion valve 17, the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5, and the third solenoid valve 18;
其中,电动压缩机1为封闭式电动压缩机,电动压缩机1排气出口设置有四通换向阀2;Among them, the electric compressor 1 is a closed electric compressor, and the exhaust outlet of the electric compressor 1 is provided with a four-way reversing valve 2;
车内第一换热器3与车内第二换热器6并排安装,车内第二换热器6的一侧设置有鼓风机7,车内第一换热器3与鼓风机7分别设置在车内第二换热器6的相对侧,鼓风机7用于将车内第一换热器3或车内第二换热器6周围的热量吹入车舱内;The first heat exchanger 3 in the car and the second heat exchanger 6 in the car are installed side by side, a blower 7 is arranged on one side of the second heat exchanger 6 in the car, and the first heat exchanger 3 and the blower 7 in the car are respectively arranged at On the opposite side of the second heat exchanger 6 in the car, the blower 7 is used to blow the heat around the first heat exchanger 3 in the car or the second heat exchanger 6 in the car into the cabin;
车内第一换热器3与车内第二换热器6之间设置有水平方向的上隔离板21和下隔离板22,上隔离板21连接车内第一换热器3与车内第二换热器6的顶端,下隔离板22连接车内第一换热器3与车内第二换热器6的底端,上隔离板21与下隔离板22中间设置有竖直方向的导风板20,上隔离板21上设置有导风口,导风口设置在车内第二换热器6与导风板20之间,导风口上设置有导风罩19;A horizontal upper isolation plate 21 and a lower isolation plate 22 are arranged between the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle and the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle, and the upper isolation plate 21 connects the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle with the interior of the vehicle. The top of the second heat exchanger 6, the lower insulating plate 22 connects the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle and the bottom end of the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle, and a vertical direction is arranged between the upper insulating plate 21 and the lower insulating plate 22 The air guide plate 20 is provided with an air guide opening on the upper isolation plate 21, the air guide opening is arranged between the second heat exchanger 6 and the air guide plate 20 in the vehicle, and the air guide hood 19 is arranged on the air guide opening;
电池包16为电动汽车的能源,水泵15与电池包16设置在车外换热器14的同一侧,车外换热器14的另一侧设置有风扇13,风扇13用于提高车外换热器14的换热效率;The battery pack 16 is the energy source of the electric vehicle. The water pump 15 and the battery pack 16 are arranged on the same side of the outside heat exchanger 14 , and a fan 13 is arranged on the other side of the outside heat exchanger 14 . The heat exchange efficiency of the heater 14;
通过第一电磁阀4、第二电磁阀5和第三电磁阀18的开关控制第一车内制冷回路或电池升温回路、车内制热回路、第二车内制冷回路及电池降温回路的切换。The switching of the first in-vehicle refrigeration circuit or the battery heating circuit, the in-vehicle heating circuit, the second in-vehicle refrigeration circuit and the battery cooling circuit is controlled by the switches of the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5 and the third solenoid valve 18 .
电动压缩机1排气出口连接车外换热器14的一端,车外换热器14的另一端通过第一膨胀阀11连接车内第一换热器3的一端,车内第一换热器3的另一端通过气液分离器10连接电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成第一车内制冷回路或电池升温回路;The exhaust outlet of the electric compressor 1 is connected to one end of the outside heat exchanger 14 , the other end of the outside heat exchanger 14 is connected to one end of the inside first heat exchanger 3 through the first expansion valve 11 , and the inside of the first heat exchange The other end of the device 3 is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 10 to form a first in-vehicle refrigeration circuit or a battery heating circuit;
电动压缩机1排气出口连接车内第一换热器3,车内第二换热器6与车内第一换热器3串联后分成第一支路和第二支路,第一支路包括:通过流量控制阀9和气液分离器10连接电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成补气增焓回路;第二支路包括:通过第一膨胀阀11连接车外换热器14的一端,车外换热器14的另一端通过气液分离器10连接电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成车内制热回路;The exhaust outlet of the electric compressor 1 is connected to the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle, and the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle is connected in series with the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle and then divided into a first branch and a second branch. The circuit includes: connecting the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 through the flow control valve 9 and the gas-liquid separator 10 to form a gas supplementation and enthalpy increasing circuit; the second branch includes: connecting one end of the off-vehicle heat exchanger 14 through the first expansion valve 11 , the other end of the heat exchanger 14 outside the vehicle is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 10 to form a heating circuit in the vehicle;
电动压缩机1排气出口连接车内第一换热器3后分成第三支路和第四支路,第三支路包括:通过第二膨胀阀17连接车内第二换热器6的一端,车内第二换热器6的另一端通过流量控制阀9和气液分离器10连接电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成第二车内制冷回路;第四支路包括:通过第一膨胀阀11连接车外换热器14的一端,车外换热器14的另一端通过气液分离器10连接电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成电池降温回路;The exhaust outlet of the electric compressor 1 is connected to the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle and then divided into a third branch and a fourth branch. One end, the other end of the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 6 is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 through the flow control valve 9 and the gas-liquid separator 10 to form a second in-vehicle refrigeration circuit; the fourth branch includes: through the first expansion The valve 11 is connected to one end of the off-vehicle heat exchanger 14, and the other end of the off-vehicle heat exchanger 14 is connected to the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 10 to form a battery cooling circuit;
电池包16、水泵15和车外换热器14串行连接,形成电池温度控制系统。The battery pack 16, the water pump 15 and the external heat exchanger 14 are connected in series to form a battery temperature control system.
电动汽车热泵空调系统工作模式:Electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system working mode:
1.电动汽车热泵空调系统车内制冷模式:1. In-vehicle cooling mode of electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system:
参照图2,关闭第二电磁阀5、第三电磁阀18和水泵15,打开第一电磁阀4和导风板20,电动压缩机1将高温高压制冷剂排出,通过四通换向阀2下入口和左出口进入车外换热器14,与外界环境的空气进行换热降温,风扇13的开启有助于提高换热效率;从车外换热器14流出的中温高压制冷剂通过第一膨胀阀11的节流作用,变成低温低压的制冷剂,所述低温低压的制冷剂通过第一电磁阀4进入车内第一换热器3,吸收车内空气热量,车内第一换热器3周围空气降温,鼓风机7将车内第一换热器3周围冷空气吹入车舱内,实现车内温度的降低,从车内第一换热器3流出的制冷剂经四通换向阀2的右进口和上出口,通过单向阀12和气液分离器10,进入电动压缩机1吸气入口,实现车内制冷功能。2, close the second solenoid valve 5, the third solenoid valve 18 and the water pump 15, open the first solenoid valve 4 and the air deflector 20, the electric compressor 1 discharges the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant through the four-way reversing valve 2 The lower inlet and the left outlet enter the outside heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the air in the outside environment to cool down. The opening of the fan 13 helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency; the medium temperature and high pressure refrigerant flowing out of the outside heat exchanger 14 passes through the first The throttling action of the expansion valve 11 turns into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle through the first solenoid valve 4 and absorbs the heat of the air in the vehicle. The air around the heat exchanger 3 cools down, and the blower 7 blows the cold air around the first heat exchanger 3 in the car into the cabin to reduce the temperature in the car. The refrigerant flowing out from the first heat exchanger 3 in the car passes through four The right inlet and upper outlet of the reversing valve 2 pass through the one-way valve 12 and the gas-liquid separator 10, and enter the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 to realize the cooling function in the vehicle.
2.电动汽车热泵空调系统车内制热模式:2. In-vehicle heating mode of electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system:
参照图3,关闭第一电磁阀4、第三电磁阀18和水泵15,打开第二电磁阀5和导风板20,电动压缩机1将高温高压制冷剂排出,通过四通换向阀2下入口和右出口进入车内第一换热器3,与车内环境的冷空气进行换热,车内第一换热器3周围空气升温,从车内第一换热器3流出的制冷剂通过第二电磁阀5进入车内第二换热器6,再次与车内冷空气进行换热,第二换热器6周围空气升温,鼓风机7将车内第一换热器3和车内第二换热器6周围的热空气吹入车舱内,实现车内温度升高;从车内第二换热器6流出的中温高压制冷剂一方面通过流量控制阀9和气液分离器10进入电动压缩机1进气口形成补气增焓回路;从车内第二换热器6流出的中温高压制冷剂,另一方面通过第一单向阀8进入第一膨胀阀11,在第一膨胀阀11的节流作用下变成低温低压的制冷剂,低温低压的制冷剂进入车外换热器14,与电池包16冷却产生的余热进行热交换,风扇13的开启提高了换热效率;从车外换热器14流出的制冷剂经四通换向阀2的左进口和上出口,通过第二单向阀12和气液分离器10,进入电动压缩机1吸气入口,实现车内制热功能。3, close the first solenoid valve 4, the third solenoid valve 18 and the water pump 15, open the second solenoid valve 5 and the air deflector 20, the electric compressor 1 discharges the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant through the four-way reversing valve 2 The lower inlet and the right outlet enter the first heat exchanger 3 in the car, and exchange heat with the cold air in the car environment. The agent enters the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle through the second solenoid valve 5, and exchanges heat with the cold air in the vehicle again. The hot air around the second heat exchanger 6 in the car is blown into the cabin to increase the temperature inside the car; the medium temperature and high pressure refrigerant flowing out from the second heat exchanger 6 in the car passes through the flow control valve 9 and the gas-liquid separator on the one hand. 10 Enter the air inlet of the electric compressor 1 to form a supplementary air and enthalpy increase circuit; the medium temperature and high pressure refrigerant flowing out from the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle enters the first expansion valve 11 through the first check valve 8 on the other hand. Under the throttling action of the first expansion valve 11, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the external heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the waste heat generated by the cooling of the battery pack 16. Thermal efficiency: The refrigerant flowing out of the external heat exchanger 14 enters the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 through the left inlet and upper outlet of the four-way reversing valve 2, through the second one-way valve 12 and the gas-liquid separator 10, Realize the heating function in the car.
3.电动汽车热泵空调系统电池升温控制模式:3. Electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system battery heating control mode:
参照图4,在低温环境下,电动汽车冷启动时,关闭第二电磁阀5和第三电磁阀18,打开第一电磁阀4、导风板20和水泵15,电动压缩机1将高温高压制冷剂排出,通过四通换向阀2下入口和左出口进入车外换热器14,同时,电池温度控制系统中的电池低温冷却剂通过水泵15的驱动进入车外换热器14,与车外换热器14中的高温高压制冷剂进行换热,风扇13的开启提高了换热效率;从车外换热器14流出的中温高压制冷剂通过第一膨胀阀11的节流作用,变成低温低压的制冷剂,所述低温低压的制冷剂通过第一电磁阀4进入车内第一换热器3实现换热,从车内第一换热器3流出的制冷剂经四通换向阀2的右进口和上出口,通过第二单向阀12和气液分离器10,进入电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成制冷剂循环;从车外换热器14流出的电池中温冷却剂经电池16的水套回到水泵15形成回路,实现电池的升温控制。4, in a low temperature environment, when the electric vehicle is cold started, close the second solenoid valve 5 and the third solenoid valve 18, open the first solenoid valve 4, the wind deflector 20 and the water pump 15, the electric compressor 1 will be high temperature and high pressure. The refrigerant is discharged and enters the external heat exchanger 14 through the lower inlet and left outlet of the four-way reversing valve 2. At the same time, the low temperature coolant of the battery in the battery temperature control system is driven by the water pump 15 and enters the external heat exchanger 14. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the off-vehicle heat exchanger 14 performs heat exchange, and the opening of the fan 13 improves the heat exchange efficiency; It becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle through the first solenoid valve 4 to realize heat exchange, and the refrigerant flowing out from the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle passes through the four-way The right inlet and upper outlet of the reversing valve 2 pass through the second one-way valve 12 and the gas-liquid separator 10, and enter the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1 to form a refrigerant cycle; The agent returns to the water pump 15 through the water jacket of the battery 16 to form a loop to realize the temperature control of the battery.
4.电动汽车热泵空调系统车内制冷同时电池降温控制模式:4. Electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system in-vehicle cooling and battery cooling control mode:
参照图5,关闭第二电磁阀5和导风板20,打开第一电磁阀4、第三电磁阀18和水泵15,电动压缩机1将高温高压制冷剂排出,通过四通换向阀2下入口和右出口进入车内第一换热器3,从第一换热器3流出的高温高压制冷剂一方面通过第三电磁阀18进入第二膨胀阀17,在第二膨胀阀17的节流作用下变成低温低压制冷剂,低温低压制冷剂进入车内第二换热器6,与车内空气进行交换,第二换热器6周围的空气降温,鼓风机7将车内第二换热器6周围的冷空气通过导风罩19吹入车舱内,实现车内制冷;从车内第二换热器6流出的制冷剂通过流量控制阀9和气液分离器10进入电动压缩机1吸气入口,形成第二车内制冷回路;从第一换热器3流出的高温高压制冷剂另一方面通过第一电磁阀4进入第一膨胀阀11,在第一膨胀阀11的节流作用下变成低温低压的制冷剂,低温低压的制冷剂进入车外换热器14,同时,电池温度控制系统中的电池高温冷却剂通过水泵15的驱动进入车外换热器14,与车外换热器14中的低温低压制冷剂进行换热,风扇13的开启提高了换热效率;从车外换热器14流出的制冷剂经四通阀的左进口和上出口,通过第二单向阀12和气液分离器10,进入电动压缩机1吸气入口;从车外换热器14流出的电池低温冷却剂通过电池16的水套回到水泵15形成回路,实现对电池的降温控制。5 , close the second solenoid valve 5 and the air deflector 20 , open the first solenoid valve 4 , the third solenoid valve 18 and the water pump 15 , the electric compressor 1 discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant through the four-way reversing valve 2 The lower inlet and the right outlet enter the first heat exchanger 3 in the vehicle, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 3 enters the second expansion valve 17 through the third solenoid valve 18 on the one hand. Under the action of throttling, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle and exchanges with the air in the vehicle. The cold air around the heat exchanger 6 is blown into the cabin through the air guide hood 19 to realize the cooling in the vehicle; the refrigerant flowing out from the second heat exchanger 6 in the vehicle enters the electric compression through the flow control valve 9 and the gas-liquid separator 10 The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger 3 enters the first expansion valve 11 through the first solenoid valve 4 on the other hand. Under the action of throttling, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the exterior heat exchanger 14. At the same time, the high-temperature battery coolant in the battery temperature control system enters the exterior heat exchanger 14 through the drive of the water pump 15. It exchanges heat with the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the outside heat exchanger 14, and the opening of the fan 13 improves the heat exchange efficiency; The second one-way valve 12 and the gas-liquid separator 10 enter the suction inlet of the electric compressor 1; the low-temperature coolant of the battery flowing out from the external heat exchanger 14 returns to the water pump 15 through the water jacket of the battery 16 to form a circuit, which realizes the cooling of the battery. cooling control.
5、电动汽车热泵空调电池温度自循环控制模式:5. Electric vehicle heat pump air conditioner battery temperature self-circulation control mode:
参照图6,电池温度控制系统中的电池低温冷却剂通过水泵15的驱动进入车外换热器14,与外界环境中的空气进行换热,变成电池中温冷却剂,电池中温冷却剂经电池16的水套回到水泵15形成回路,能够单独实现对电池进行温度控制。Referring to FIG. 6 , the battery low-temperature coolant in the battery temperature control system enters the external heat exchanger 14 through the drive of the water pump 15, exchanges heat with the air in the external environment, and becomes the battery medium-temperature coolant. The battery medium-temperature coolant passes through the battery. The water jacket of 16 is returned to the water pump 15 to form a loop, which can independently control the temperature of the battery.
在发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying The device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only to describe the preferred mode of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can Variations and improvements should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN110816218A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-21 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | A vehicle heat pump air conditioning system |
| CN111397238A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-10 | 太原理工大学 | An integrated fuel cell vehicle thermal management system |
| CN111645487A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-11 | 无锡商业职业技术学院 | Heat pump air conditioner and power battery management system for electric automobile |
| CN113071289A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Electric automobile cabin heating system and control method thereof |
| CN113928077A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Heat pump air conditioning system of electric automobile |
| CN114056040A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-18 | 上海光裕汽车空调压缩机有限公司 | Air-conditioning heat pump system of electric automobile and temperature control method |
| CN114889400A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-12 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | HVAC structure of automobile heat pump air conditioner |
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| CN110816218A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-21 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | A vehicle heat pump air conditioning system |
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| CN111397238B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-06-01 | 太原理工大学 | Integrated fuel cell automobile heat management system |
| CN111645487A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-11 | 无锡商业职业技术学院 | Heat pump air conditioner and power battery management system for electric automobile |
| CN113928077A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Heat pump air conditioning system of electric automobile |
| CN113071289A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Electric automobile cabin heating system and control method thereof |
| CN113071289B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2024-05-10 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Electric automobile cabin heating system and control method thereof |
| CN114056040A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-18 | 上海光裕汽车空调压缩机有限公司 | Air-conditioning heat pump system of electric automobile and temperature control method |
| CN114889400A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-12 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | HVAC structure of automobile heat pump air conditioner |
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