CN117726626B

CN117726626B - Acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous nursing system based on Orem self-care theory

Info

Publication number: CN117726626B
Application number: CN202410178707.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戢艳丽; 张琳; 永丽; 宋正希; 傅慧; 陈兰; 龚柳盛
Original assignee: JIANYANG CITY PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL
Current assignee: JIANYANG CITY PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL
Priority date: 2024-02-12
Filing date: 2024-02-12
Publication date: 2024-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2044-02-12
Also published as: CN117726626A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pattern recognition, in particular to an Orem self-care theory-based continuous nursing system for acute cerebral apoplexy patients, which improves the detection precision of tiny diameter thrombus particles by pre-screening; by changing the color of the thrombus rolling background in the shooting device, the video background color and the thrombus color can be clearly compared, so that the binarization segmentation precision is improved; optimizing and selecting parameters in the video shooting process to improve the video shooting quality; by carrying out data analysis on the video image and extracting the effective picture, the integrity, the high efficiency and the accuracy of the detection result of the thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy detection process are ensured. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision and practical applicability, and can be widely applied to continuous nursing of acute cerebral apoplexy patients.

Description

Acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous nursing system based on Orem self-care theory

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pattern recognition, in particular to an acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous nursing system based on an Orem self-care theory.

Background

With the rapid development of social economy, the living standard of people is obviously improved, the world disease spectrum is greatly changed, the whole health level of people is optimistic, the occurrence and development of more and more diseases have close relation with the factors of personal living habit, life style and the like, and cerebral apoplexy is one of the diseases of the plurality of types. Stroke, also known as stroke or cerebrovascular accident, is a group of sudden onset, acute cerebrovascular diseases characterized by focal neurological deficit. Statistics data show that about 20% of acute ischemic cerebral apoplexy is recurrent cases, and the disability rate and disability level are higher than those of the initial cases, the sequelae are more and the prognosis is poorer. Cerebral stroke is the third biggest disease affecting human health, severely affecting the physical function of the patient, resulting in a decrease in the quality of life of the patient. If patients cannot recover and care timely and effectively, the admission rate, the disability rate and the recurrence rate are increased to different degrees.

With the transition of medical mode, people turn their eyes towards the quality of life of patients. After cerebral apoplexy, the patients may have paralysis, aphasia, intelligent disorder and other physiological functions impaired, and may have affective behavior, mental state, social function, role conflict and other disorders, which seriously affect the quality of life, bring heavy burden and influence to families and society, and these factors have certain influence on the health function of cerebral apoplexy patients. WHO indicates that quality of life is a multi-dimensional concept that includes balance and health in various areas such as physiological health, mental state, social relationships, personal beliefs, independent abilities, and surrounding environments. After discharge of a hospital, the patients face the problems of lack of knowledge for preventing and treating cerebral apoplexy, lower treatment compliance, no rehabilitation training and the like, and many patients miss the best opportunity for rehabilitation training, so that various sequelae and complications are caused, and the life quality of the patients is seriously influenced. The current situation of the rehabilitation nursing requirement and the influence factors of the cerebral apoplexy patient are measured, and effective medical nursing measures are adopted aiming at the disease influence factors, so that the occurrence of complications is avoided, and the method has important guiding significance for improving the physiological, psychological and social functions of the patient and improving the life quality of the patient. In recent years, the treatment and care of ischemic cerebral stroke have been increasingly studied for their influence on the quality of life.

The cerebral apoplexy is required to comprehensively identify the subsequent care decision based on the evaluation of thrombus detection of the patient and the measurement of the self condition of the patient, but the prior art lacks a technical scheme for identifying the two-party data.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention discloses an Orem self-care theory-based continuous nursing system for acute cerebral apoplexy patients.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention claims a continuous care system for acute cerebral stroke patients based on Orem theory, comprising:

The shooting module is used for pre-screening the original thrombus set to obtain a cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated, the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated falls after being transported through a transmission path, and video image shooting is carried out on the fallen cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated to obtain an original thrombus set video image;

The image processing module is used for carrying out foreground analysis processing, background reconstruction and binarization segmentation on the original thrombus set video image to obtain a candidate thrombus set video image;

The cerebral apoplexy evaluation detection module is used for extracting thrombus particle diameter information from the video image of the candidate thrombus set, and carrying out diameter detection to obtain a diameter detection result of a cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated;

The evaluation cerebral apoplexy result analysis module draws an evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve of the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated according to the diameter detection result and performs error check on the diameter detection result;

and the nursing strategy decision module is used for acquiring the behavior score of the cerebral apoplexy patient and deciding the nursing strategy of the cerebral apoplexy patient by combining with evaluating the cerebral apoplexy curve.

Further, in the shooting module, the shooting module further includes:

Placing an original thrombus collection on a vibrating screen skin, and performing pre-screening operation by adjusting the aperture of the vibrating screen skin;

and shooting video images of the fallen cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated, and when an original thrombus set video image is obtained, using the method at least comprising the following contents:

The method comprises the steps of thrombus diameter distribution, thrombus transmission thickness on a transmission path, transmission path running speed, horizontal dispersion of thrombus particles in a video image, vertical dispersion of thrombus particles in the video image, thrombus dropping frequency, parameter coupling, thrombus particle exposure rate analysis results, video shooting efficiency analysis results and a video shooting parameter optimization model.

Further, in the image processing module, the method further includes:

Calculating the time of the detection object passing through the view area of the camera to obtain the repetition rate condition of the detection object in the original thrombus set video image, and deleting the repeated pictures of the foreground object;

Taking a pure background picture in a video image as a reference, and eliminating interference information in a video background;

Completely separating a foreground object from a background object in a video image;

the image processing module further comprises the following steps of:

and dividing the connected domains of different objects which are bonded together by adopting a watershed dividing algorithm.

Further, the evaluation cerebral apoplexy result analysis module further comprises:

obtaining the equivalent ellipsoidal volume of the detected thrombus particles, and combining the density of the thrombus particles to obtain the mass of the thrombus particles;

Taking the diameters of the thrombus particles as a sequencing basis, and carrying out diameter ascending sequencing on the thrombus particles to obtain the mass percent of all the thrombus particles smaller than the preset diameter;

A curve drawn by taking the diameter of thrombus particles as an abscissa and the mass percentage smaller than a certain diameter as an ordinate is the evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve of thrombus;

by the absolute average error MAPE of the corresponding curve and the determination coefficient And performing error checking on the diameter detection result.

Further, the video shooting efficiency analysis result refers to shooting time length of thrombus samples with preset square quantity, an efficiency function is introduced based on single shooting time length, and a function dimension is defined as shooting time length of single video, namely 'times/min';

according to the characteristic analysis of the diameter of the thrombus set, the diameter of the thrombus is subjected to normal distribution, namely the diameter of the thrombus is subjected to average value of Standard deviation is/>The thrombus particles are approximately regarded as spheres, and the technical video shooting efficiency formula is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, The total duration of video shooting is given in seconds;

In the above formula:

-average diameter of thrombus;

g-gravitational acceleration;

-the thickness of the thrombus deposited on the transport path;

-width of the transmission path, i.e. width of the thrombus laid on the transmission path;

safety margin coefficient,/> ；

Average drop interval of thrombus,/>。

Further, a minimum absolute difference method is used for separating foreground and background targets in a video image, the minimum absolute difference method is a method for taking differences between primary color components corresponding to a second type picture and a first type pure background picture and obtaining absolute values of the primary color components, then a pixel point corresponding position with the minimum absolute value is regarded as a picture background area, and the number of picture pixel points is set to beThe first type of picture and the second type of picture may be respectively expressed as:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Representing a pure background picture,/>Hybrid pictures representing foreground and background,/>AndRepresenting the red component of the picture,/>And/>Representing the green component of the picture,/>And/>Representing a picture blue component;

The characteristics of the first type and the second type of pictures can be known, the first type of pure background pictures are subtracted from the second type of foreground and background mixed pictures, and the foreground pictures are obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, In order to remove the foreground picture after the background, the component forms are as follows:

；

In the above, the components The pixel values of the background area are all 0, the pixel values of the foreground area are composed of positive integers between 0 and 255, namely, the points with the pixel values which are not 0 in the components are all foreground object pixel points, and the separation of the foreground and the background of the picture is realized.

Further, before the binarization segmentation, the image is subjected to gray-scale processing by using a weighted average method, wherein the weighted average formula is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, For a two-dimensional gray image, the gray image can be abstracted into a two-dimensional functionWherein/>And/>Representing the position of each pixel point in the gray level map,/>Representing the number, amplitude/>, of pixel points in a gray imageNamely, the pixel value of each corresponding pixel point, namely, the gray value, is in the range of 0-255;

the process of replacing the values of all pixel point coordinates of a foreground area in an image with the same value larger than 0 and replacing the values of all pixel point coordinates of a background area with 0 in the image binarization processing;

Dividing a gray level image by adopting a maximum inter-class variance thresholding algorithm, converting the gray level image into a binary image, wherein in a thrombus set gray level image, a foreground is an area where thrombus set particles are positioned, a background is an area where edges and shadow parts of the thrombus set particles are positioned, and a maximum inter-class variance calculation formula between the foreground and the background is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, And/>The proportion of the pixel points in the foreground and the background respectively meets the/>；/>AndRespectively the average gray values of the pixel points in the foreground and the background; /(I)Is the average gray value of pixel points of the whole gray level map,/>Is the maximum inter-class variance of the two classes of regions, expressed as inter-class variance/>Maximum/>And as a binary image segmentation threshold value, changing the pixel value of the background area in the gray level image into 0 and changing the pixel value of the foreground area into 255, thus finishing the binarization processing process of the image.

Further, the care policy decision module obtains a behavior score of the cerebral apoplexy patient, and decides a care policy of the cerebral apoplexy patient by combining with evaluation of a cerebral apoplexy curve, and the care policy decision module further comprises:

The behavior corresponding to the behavior score of the cerebral apoplexy patient specifically comprises the following steps:

Nursing compliance: complete compliance: the brain stroke rehabilitation health knowledge and operation are mastered, the necessity of rehabilitation training can be realized, and the rehabilitation plan guided by nursing staff can be actively participated in daily;

Partial compliance: partial mastering of relevant health knowledge and operation, and finishing a rehabilitation plan under continuous nursing supervision or persuasion of a nursing staff;

Non-compliance: if the standard is not met, even if the nursing staff supervises the nursing staff, the nursing staff can only occasionally or automatically reduce the content of the rehabilitation plan or refuse to perform rehabilitation exercise;

total compliance = (full compliance + partial compliance) number of cases/total number of cases x 100%;

Self-management capability: the self-management ability of the patient is assessed before and after nursing intervention, each item is respectively scored as 0-10 points from no confidence to very confidence, and the higher the score is, the better the self-management efficiency of the patient is indicated.

Neural function: the damage condition of the nerve function is rated by adopting an NIHSS scale before and after the intervention, the score is 0-42, and the higher the score is, the more serious the damage of the nerve function is indicated.

Ability to daily life: the improvement Barthel index (ADL) is adopted before and after the intervention to evaluate the daily life capacity, the total score is 0-100, and the higher the score is, the stronger the life self-care capacity is prompted;

Quality of life: and before and after intervention, the quality of life is evaluated, the score is 0-100 minutes, the score is 100 minutes full, and the higher the score is, the better the quality of life of the patient is prompted.

Adopting a correlation matching algorithm to perform similarity matching on feature vector sets of target cerebral apoplexy patients between two days in a plurality of cerebral apoplexy patients detection days to obtain the current condition of the target cerebral apoplexy patients:

The association matching algorithm adopts a multi-principle matching method, and comprises a curve similarity evaluation principle and a behavior characteristic evaluation principle;

The curve similarity evaluation principle is that the characteristic similarity obtained by RoIPooling in a cerebral apoplexy patient identification model is highest when a cerebral apoplexy patient moves from the i-1 th day to the i-th day;

the behavior characteristic evaluation principle refers to that the similarity of behavior characteristics of a cerebral apoplexy patient from the i-1 day to the i-th day is highest;

the weights of the curve similarity evaluation principle and the behavior characteristic evaluation principle are different, wherein the weight of the curve similarity evaluation principle is greater than that of the behavior characteristic evaluation principle.

The detection precision of the small-diameter thrombus particles is improved by pre-screening; by changing the color of the thrombus rolling background in the shooting device, the video background color and the thrombus color can be clearly compared, so that the binarization segmentation precision is improved; optimizing and selecting parameters in the video shooting process to improve the video shooting quality; by carrying out data analysis on the video image and extracting the effective picture, the integrity, the high efficiency and the accuracy of the detection result of the thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy detection process are ensured. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision and practicality.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a workflow diagram of an Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute stroke patients according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for separating a picture foreground from a background of an acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous nursing system based on Orem self-care theory according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gray level chart binarization processing process of an acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous care system based on Orem self-care theory according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connected domain adhesion phenomenon of an acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous care system based on Orem self-care theory according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a watershed segmentation effect of an acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous care system based on Orem self-care theory according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of binary image edge detection of an acute stroke patient continuous care system based on Orem self-care theory according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous care system for acute cerebral apoplexy patients based on Orem theory according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Orem theory of self-care was proposed in 1971 by the United states protecting Consumer Orem. She believes that the individual has the ability to be responsible for her own health. A self-care deficiency occurs when an individual fails to meet his own self-care needs, and a caregiver is required to select an appropriate compensation system from among a complete compensation system, a partial compensation system, and a supportive educational system to assist the patient according to his self-care ability. The caregivers improve the self-care ability by means of health education, skill training and the like, and the influence of the caregivers on individuals is more durable and effective than the influence of the caregivers on the self-care needs which are directly met. The self-care theory aims at continuously waking up the autonomous consciousness of the patient, encouraging the patient to participate in self-care planning and medical activities, and exerting the self-care ability of the patient, thereby improving the life quality of the patient and promoting the comfort of the patient. This is consistent with the currently advocated "patient-centric" care philosophy of implementing overall care, and follows the guidelines "encourage patient participation in patient safety" in the 2023 patient safety goals set by the chinese hospital association.

Cerebral stroke patients and families have a high demand for continued care. The continuous nursing is applied to cerebral apoplexy patients, which is beneficial to improving the exercise capacity of the patients, improving the daily life capacity of the patients, improving the life quality and the satisfaction degree of nursing service of the patients and reducing the recurrence rate of cerebral apoplexy elderly patients. The self-care theory can effectively mobilize subjective motility of the patient, and increase self-efficacy of the patient, so that the life quality of the patient is improved. For patients with acute cerebral stroke, improving their self-efficacy is critical for the later recovery of the patient. In view of this, it is highly necessary to conduct a self-care theory-based combination with continued care for acute stroke patients.

Through the implementation of the self-made continuous care scheme based on the Orem self-care theory, the improvement of self-protection ability knowledge and the enhancement of life confidence can be carried out on the acute cerebral apoplexy patient, so that the problem that the self-management after the discharge of the hospital is greatly bothered due to the fact that the patient does not master the actual acute cerebral apoplexy care ability is avoided, the self-health management ability of the patient is improved, the nursing intervention compliance of the patient is improved, and the method has positive value in improving the neurological deficit, the life self-care ability, the life quality and the disease prognosis. In addition, a certain reference can be provided for further developing the application value of the continuous care scheme based on the Orem self-care theory in other clinical disease patients.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the present invention claims an Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute cerebral stroke patients, wherein the execution method comprises:

pre-screening an original thrombus set to obtain a cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated, transporting the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated through a transmission path, then falling the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated, and shooting video images of the falling cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated to obtain an original thrombus set video image;

Performing foreground analysis processing, background reconstruction and binary segmentation on the original thrombus set video image to obtain a candidate thrombus set video image;

Extracting thrombus particle diameter information from the candidate thrombus set video image, and carrying out diameter detection to obtain a diameter detection result of a cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated;

Drawing an evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve of the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated according to the diameter detection result, and performing error check on the diameter detection result;

and obtaining the behavior score of the cerebral apoplexy patient, and determining the care strategy of the cerebral apoplexy patient by combining with evaluation of the cerebral apoplexy curve.

Further, obtain waiting to evaluate cerebral apoplexy thrombus collection after sieving in advance to original thrombus collection, still include:

Further, performing foreground analysis processing on the original thrombus set video image, and further comprising:

In this embodiment, in order to improve the definition of the video image during the video capturing, the frame rate of the camera selected during capturing should be as high as possible. However, the larger the frame rate is, the higher the probability that the same detection object repeatedly appears in different frame images is, and the high repetition rate can cause the repeated detection of the same object, so that the calculation amount of a computer is increased, and the detection efficiency is reduced. Based on this, it is necessary to analyze the repetition rate of objects in the video image and delete the repeated objects.

Images separated in video, every otherAnd taking one picture for detection, and deleting the rest pictures. Herein, the selection rule of the effective frame map is formulated as follows: with thrombotic subjects/>Based on/>Diameter is/>When thrombus is the subject/>When the upper edge of the view area of the camera completely enters the photographable range of the camera, the first effective frame image is taken out, and when a thrombus object/>When the lower edge of the view area of the camera falls completely, a second effective frame image is taken out, and the/>And is re-identified as a new object located just completely within the picture at the upper edge of the second active frame picture. By repeating the above process, all effective frame images can be selected, so that all thrombus objects are ensured to be not missed and repeated when diameter detection is carried out.

The background reconstruction further comprises:

In this embodiment, the foreground and the background of the picture are separated, that is, the pixel values of all the areas except the foreground object in the RGB picture are set to 0 or 255, so that the pixel values of the background area and the pixel values of the foreground area form a significant threshold boundary. The pictures separated from the video are divided into two types, wherein the first type is a pure background picture, namely, no foreground object exists in the background, and the picture generally appears in the period when the video starts to shoot. The second type is a mixed picture of foreground objects and background, which essentially is the imaging of thrombus particles (foreground objects) in a pure background. When the foreground and the background of the second type of pictures are separated, the first type of pure background pictures are used as references for segmentation.

The invention uses minimum absolute difference method to separate foreground and background targets in video image, the minimum absolute difference method refers to a method that the corresponding primary color components of the second type picture and the first type pure background picture are subjected to difference and the absolute value is calculated, then the pixel point corresponding position with the minimum absolute value is regarded as the picture background area, and the number of the pixel points of the picture is set as followsThe first type of picture and the second type of picture may be respectively expressed as:

；

Fig. 2 shows a process of separating and visualizing the foreground and the background of the picture, and it can be seen that when the second type of picture is different from the first type of pure background picture, the essence is that the respective primary color component pictures are respectively different, and finally the separated foreground color pictures are synthesized. In the front Jing Cai color chart, the pixel values of the pixels in the background area are all 0, and the pixel values in the foreground area are formed by integers other than 0.

The binarization segmentation further comprises:

the binary segmentation further comprises the following steps:

In this embodiment, before the binarization segmentation, the image is subjected to the gray-scale processing by using a weighted average method, where the weighted average formula is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, And/>The proportion of the pixel points in the foreground and the background respectively meets the/>；/>AndRespectively the average gray values of the pixel points in the foreground and the background; /(I)Is the average gray value of pixel points of the whole gray level map,/>Is the maximum inter-class variance of the two classes of regions, expressed as inter-class variance/>Maximum/>As a binary image segmentation threshold, the background area pixel value in the gray level image is changed to 0, and the foreground area pixel value is changed to 255, so that the binarization processing process of the image is completed, and the image binarization processing effect is as shown in fig. 3:

After the gray level map is binarized, the values of all pixel coordinates in the background area become 0 (black), the values of all pixel coordinates in the foreground area become 255 (white), and the area where all pixel points, the pixel values of which are composed of 255 and are connected together, are called a connected area. However, in practical applications, because the color and luster of the thrombus particles are very close to each other, when two or more thrombus objects are in contact with each other, the connected domains of each other after the binarization process are often connected together, and thus treated as one subject, resulting in a large detection error. Fig. 4 can explain this phenomenon of connection to each other.

As can be seen from fig. 4, the object a and the object B are actually two different study objects, but because the color difference is too small and the two study objects are in contact with each other, after the binarization process, the connected domains of the two study objects are bonded together, so that an erroneous object C with a large area is formed.

In the invention, a watershed segmentation algorithm is adopted to segment the connected domains of different objects which are bonded together.

The first step: the mathematical calculation formula for determining the watershed is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Representing a gray scale map; /(I)Is an input image, i.e. a gradient image; /(I)Gradient operations are shown.

And a second step of: and dividing the binary image by using the watershed. The pixel coordinate values of the area where the watershed passes are all set to be 0, namely the division of the bonded connected areas is realized, the watershed division effect is shown in the following graph, and as can be seen from the graph, the connected areas C bonded together by the study objects A and B in the binary image are divided into the connected areas D and E by the watershed division algorithm, so that the study objects A and B in the gray level graph are completely restored. The effect of the watershed segmentation is shown in fig. 5.

When the thrombus set video image shooting device is designed, the image segmentation problem is that the important consideration object is designed when the device is designed, and in the video image shooting process, the image segmentation difficulty is reduced by reasonably controlling the distribution dispersion of the thrombus object in the video image, so that the watershed segmentation algorithm in the conventional sense can completely meet the video image segmentation requirement in the text.

Further, the method for extracting thrombus particle diameter information from the video image of the candidate thrombus set, and performing diameter detection to obtain a diameter detection result of the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated, further comprises:

Adopting a Roberts operator as a thrombus particle edge detection operator to carry out edge detection on the candidate thrombus set video image;

In the image of the edge detection result, the coordinates of scattered points of the edge line of each thrombus object are obtained by extracting a connected domain, then the pixel coordinates of the scattered points of the edge are converted into rectangular coordinates by utilizing the proportional relation between an image matrix and the actual shooting size of the image, and the major axis value and the minor axis value of the thrombus particles are calculated;

And obtaining a diameter detection result of the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated according to the long axis value and the short axis value of the thrombus particles.

Wherein in this embodiment, the thrombus edge detection is the basis of thrombus particle diameter statistics, and the Roberts operator is used as the thrombus particle edge detection operator in the invention. The Roberts operator finds grain edge information using a local difference method, which is used in the followingThe differential calculation formula of the direction is:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Is a gray level image or a binary image/>Differential component in x-direction,/>Representing a gray-scale image or a binary image/>At the point/>Pixel values at.

The difference calculation formula of the Roberts operator in the y direction is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Is a gray level image or a binary image/>Differential quantity in y-direction.

The gradient magnitude of the Roberts operator is:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Is a gray level image or a binary image/>At the point/>Gradient magnitude at the point.

After determining the gradient amplitude of the Roberts operator, the appropriate threshold value TH is taken, ifThen dot/>Is a step edge point. The edge detection effect of the Roberts edge detection operator on the binary image is shown in fig. 6.

In the process of detecting the thrombus set evaluation cerebral apoplexy based on the image recognition technology, after the edge information of thrombus particles is obtained, the edge information can be utilized to convert thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy data, so that the final purpose is achieved.

In the edge detection result image, the edge line scattered point coordinates of each thrombus object are obtained by extracting the connected domain, and then the row number and the column number of the image matrix are utilizedAnd image actual shooting size/>The pixel coordinates of the edge scattered points are converted into rectangular coordinates, and a certain pixel point/>Rectangular coordinates/>The method comprises the following steps:

；

rectangular coordinates of scattered points on the converted edge line are set as And the scattered points with the numbers of 1-n are wound around the thrombus particles for one circle in a anticlockwise ordering mode, the perimeter calculation formula of the thrombus particles is as follows:

；

In the above formula, the term under the first square root represents the linear distance between adjacent scattered points, the term under the second square root represents the linear distance between the first scattered point and the last scattered point, and the two terms are added to form a closed curve perimeter, n is the number of scattered point coordinates on the edge line of the thrombus particle, and P is the perimeter of the thrombus particle.

The thrombus edge scattered points obtained by edge detection are actually vertexes of a projection polygon of a thrombus particle plane, and the calculation formula for calculating the polygon area is as follows:

；

in the above formula, n is the number of scattered point coordinates on the edge line of the thrombus particles, and S is the area of the thrombus particles.

In the invention, the long axis calculation formula of the thrombus particles is as follows:

；

The short axis calculation formula of the thrombus particles is as follows:

；

knowing the long axis and the short axis of the thrombus particles, the diameter calculation equivalent formula of the thrombus particles is:

；

In the above formula, d is the diameter of the thrombus particles, and d is taken as the sieving size of the thrombus particles in the sieving experiment.

Further, the drawing of the evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve of the cerebral apoplexy thrombus set to be evaluated according to the diameter detection result, and the error checking of the diameter detection result further includes:

In this embodiment, it is necessary to further determine the relationship between the diameter and the mass of the thrombus particles after obtaining the diameter of the thrombus particles, thereby obtaining mass information of the thrombus particles. Because the information of the area, perimeter, diameter, long half axis, short half axis and the like of the thrombus particles has been determined, the detected thrombus particles are made into ellipsoids. The volume calculation formula of the equivalent ellipsoid of the thrombus particle is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, And S is the geometric projection area of the thrombus particles in the image.

Let the density of the thrombus particles beThe mass equivalent calculation formula of the thrombus particles is as follows:

；

taking the diameter of the thrombus particles as the sequencing basis, arranging the thrombus particles in ascending order of the diameter, and setting For the arrangement number, then smaller than the diameter/>The mass percent calculation formula of all the thrombus particles is as follows:

；

in the above formula, n represents the total number of thrombus particles, Representing less than diameter/>The mass percent of thrombus, the density of each thrombus particle is the same, namely/>Then the above-mentioned processes are integrated to obtain:

；

From the above equation, when the densities of the respective thrombus particles are equal, the mass percentage of the thrombus particles smaller than a certain diameter is independent of the thrombus particle density. After the mass percent of the thrombus particles smaller than a certain diameter is obtained, a curve drawn by taking the diameter of the thrombus particles as an abscissa and the mass percent smaller than the certain diameter as an ordinate is the thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve.

In order to test the reliability of the detection result of the invention, 2 verification experiments are carried out on the construction site. Comparing the stroke curve detected and evaluated by the video image of 2 verification experiments with the traditional screening result:

Respectively calculating the absolute average error MAPE and the determination coefficient of each group of corresponding curves The results are shown in Table 1:

table 1 evaluation of thrombus set evaluation of cerebral apoplexy detection method evaluation table

As can be seen from the evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve and the result evaluation table, in the 2 groups of verification groups, the evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve obtained by the traditional screening method is highly similar to the evaluation cerebral apoplexy curve obtained by the video image detection method, and the video image detection result can be used for replacing the manual screening result at the key position point.

According to the error evaluation result of the video image detection method, the method provided by the invention can greatly improve the detection efficiency of the thrombus set evaluation cerebral apoplexy and ensure the detection precision of the thrombus set evaluation cerebral apoplexy, thereby providing technical support for the rapid detection of the thrombus set evaluation cerebral apoplexy.

In this embodiment, the Orem care theory is used to evaluate the self-care ability and self-needs of patients and families in different disease stages all the time, and the most appropriate care system among the full compensation system, the partial compensation system and the support-education system is selected to meet the self-care needs of patients. The incidence of care complications and the Barthel index at the time of admission and discharge were assessed. ① Complete compensation system: patients suffering from acute cerebral apoplexy often need absolute bedridden patients, and have no self-care ability at all, and a full compensation system is selected in the period. The patients with massive cerebral hemorrhage and extensive cerebral infarction can be conscious coma and have no self-care ability, and the patients can be fully compensated for nursing to meet the requirements of oxygen supply, respiratory tract smoothness maintenance, intravenous transfusion, nutrition, excretion, sanitation, sensory stimulation and the like. ② Partial compensation system: the patient has stable illness state, the part of the compensation system, the patient and the family members together bear the self-care activities of the patient, and the bed sheet is kept dry, flat and free of slag and dust in the aspect of basic nursing, so that the patient room is clean; in the aspect of professional nursing, reasonable diet, effective cough and sputum excretion, prevention of urinary infection, and skin integrity nursing are carried out on family members, and particularly, the instruction of exercise methods in different periods of diseases and the like is provided. In this period, the daily activities of the patient, such as dressing, washing, eating, defecation and the like, clearly tell the patient about self-care ability according to the principle that the patient can do himself/herself, and let the patient know that the final aim is to realize self-care. ③ Support-education system: at various stages of the disease, patients have a certain and different degree of knowledge deficiency, and we provide relevant information of treatment, rehabilitation and professional care to the patients and families at any time. Specific methods are formulated according to the age, cultural degree, occupation and the like of the patient, and the teaching of the person is focused. The medical staff is concerned with, encouraged and led by psychology, spirit and emotion, helps the patient to build confidence of overcoming the disease, and fully exerts the potential strength of the patient. The health education in the rehabilitation of the cerebrovascular diseases is carried out, the language is popular and easy to understand, and the correct method and skill of functional training are mastered. Under the condition of ensuring the safety of the patient, more exercise and activity opportunities are created as much as possible; the patient is taught to write a patient diary, the rehabilitation training plan is adhered to, and the nurse guides correction at any time; the discharged patients are followed up regularly, so that the patients can still stay in rehabilitation training after coming home. The food is a light and digestible diet, is rich in fruits and vegetables, avoids the stimulation of foods, smoking and drinking abstinence and the habit of satiety of eating and not taking food is developed. ④ And (3) continuous nursing: 1) follow-up call after patient discharge, know the recovery condition of patient's illness state, guide patient's diet and life. 2) Develop lecture, patient's meeting, through holding the problem lecture and solve for the doubt, the problem of patient in cerebral apoplexy self-care in to the skill of teaching patient self-care, 3) establish the continuation nursing based on internet platform, establish patient "health care" little letter crowd, share disease prevention and the relevant knowledge of treatment nursing level cerebral apoplexy, interact with the patient, know that patient's cerebral apoplexy condition provides pertinence nursing guidance and health ventilating and teaching.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, the present invention claims a continuous care system for acute cerebral stroke patients based on Orem theory, comprising:

In this embodiment, the device carries out the prescreening to thrombus collection sample at first, then carries the video shooting end with the surplus sample of sieving through transmission path, lets thrombus free fall from shooting department, carries out the video recording to thrombus whereabouts process through shooting mechanism to accomplish the shooting of thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy detection video based on prescreening. The device fundamentally solves the following key problems in the existing thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy detection process based on the image processing technology: ① The difficulty of image shooting is high (a large number of pictures are needed to participate in detection); ② Blurring background color of the picture; ③ Cerebral apoplexy is not thoroughly detected in thrombus evaluation; ④ Missing detection and false detection of the thrombus with the small diameter. The device can filter small-diameter thrombus with a diameter below a specific diameter by changing the pore size of the sieve pores, and can transmit the residual thrombus sample of the vibrating sieve to a video shooting end by adjusting the transmission rate of a transmission path, and then video recording is carried out on the thrombus falling process by a shooting mechanism, so that a large number of data pictures are obtained; by changing the color of the thrombus rolling background in the shooting mechanism, the video background color can be clearly compared with the color of the thrombus; and finally, carrying out frame image extraction and data analysis on the shot video, and ensuring the integrity, high efficiency and accuracy of the detection result of the thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy detection process. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision and practicality.

By using the device, the process of shooting the thrombus set video image is as follows: the device carries out the prescreening to thrombus collection sample at first, then carries the video shooting end through transmission path with the surplus sample of sifting, lets thrombus free fall from shooting department, carries out video recording to thrombus whereabouts process through shooting mechanism to accomplish the shooting based on the thrombus evaluation cerebral apoplexy detection video of prescreening. The device completes the recording of video images by adjusting the running speed of a transmission path, the aperture of a vibrating screen, the background color of a video and the like, and ensures that each thrombus except for the thin diameter is exposed independently in the video.

Further, in the shooting module, the shooting module further includes:

Further, in the image processing module, the method further includes:

the image processing module further comprises the following steps of:

Further, the cerebral apoplexy evaluation detection module further comprises:

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made to the disclosure. For example, the various devices or components described above may be implemented in hardware, or may be implemented in software, firmware, or a combination of some or all of the three.

A flowchart is used in this disclosure to describe the steps of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the steps that follow or before do not have to be performed in exact order. Rather, the various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Also, other operations may be added to these processes.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps of the methods described above may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a read only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. Alternatively, all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module/unit in the above embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of a software functional module. The present disclosure is not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The foregoing is illustrative of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Although a few exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this disclosure. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure as defined in the claims. It is to be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications to the disclosed embodiments, as well as other embodiments, are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The disclosure is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute stroke patients, comprising:

the nursing strategy decision module is used for acquiring the behavior score of the cerebral apoplexy patient and deciding the nursing strategy of the cerebral apoplexy patient by combining with evaluating the cerebral apoplexy curve;

The evaluation cerebral apoplexy result analysis module further comprises:

by the absolute average error MAPE of the corresponding curve and the determination coefficient Performing error checking on the diameter detection result;

The care strategy decision module acquires the behavior score of the cerebral apoplexy patient, and decides the care strategy of the cerebral apoplexy patient by combining with evaluation of a cerebral apoplexy curve, and the care strategy decision module further comprises:

Self-management capability: before and after nursing intervention, evaluating the self-management capability of the patient, wherein each item is respectively scored as 0-10 points from no confidence to very confidence, and the higher the score is, the better the self-management efficiency of the patient is prompted;

neural function: before and after intervention, adopting an NIHSS scale to evaluate the damage condition of the nerve function, wherein the score is 0-42, and the higher the score is, the more serious the damage of the nerve function is indicated;

ability to daily life: the improvement Barthel index is adopted to evaluate the daily life ability before and after the intervention, the total score is 0-100, and the higher the score is, the stronger the life self-care ability is prompted;

Quality of life: before and after intervention, evaluating the quality of life, wherein the score is 0-100 minutes, and the score is 100 minutes full, and the higher the score is, the better the quality of life of a patient is prompted;

2. The Orem-based acute stroke patient continuous care system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said camera module further comprises:

3. The Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute cerebral stroke patients according to claim 1, wherein the image processing module further comprises:

the image processing module further comprises the following steps of:

4. The Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute stroke patients according to claim 1, wherein the stroke evaluation detection module further comprises:

5. The Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute cerebral apoplexy patients according to claim 2, wherein the video shooting efficiency analysis result refers to shooting time length of thrombus samples with preset square quantity, an efficiency function is introduced based on single shooting time length, and a function dimension is defined as shooting time length of single video, namely 'times/min';

；

In the above formula:

-average diameter of thrombus;

g-gravitational acceleration;

-the thickness of the thrombus deposited on the transport path;

safety margin coefficient,/> ；

Average drop interval of thrombus,/>。

6. The continuous care system for acute cerebral apoplexy patients based on Orem self-care theory as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foreground and background targets in the video image are separated by using a minimum absolute difference method, the minimum absolute difference method is a method of taking the difference between primary color components corresponding to the second type picture and the first type pure background picture and obtaining the absolute value thereof, then taking the pixel point corresponding position with the minimum absolute value as the picture background area, and the number of the pixel points of the picture is set asThe first type of picture and the second type of picture may be respectively expressed as:

；

7. The Orem self-care theory-based continuous care system for acute cerebral stroke patients according to claim 1, wherein before the binarization segmentation, the image is subjected to gray scale treatment by using a weighted average method, and the weighted average formula is as follows:

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, For a two-dimensional gray image, the gray image can be abstracted into a two-dimensional function/>Wherein/>And/>Representing the position of each pixel point in the gray level map,/>Representing the number, magnitude, and magnitude of pixel points in a gray scale imageNamely, the pixel value of each corresponding pixel point, namely, the gray value, is in the range of 0-255;

；

In the above-mentioned method, the step of, And/>The proportion of the pixel points in the foreground and the background respectively meets the/>；/>And/>Respectively the average gray values of the pixel points in the foreground and the background; /(I)Is the average gray value of pixel points of the whole gray level map,/>Is the maximum inter-class variance of the two classes of regions, expressed as inter-class variance/>Maximum/>And as a binary image segmentation threshold value, changing the pixel value of the background area in the gray level image into 0 and changing the pixel value of the foreground area into 255, thus finishing the binarization processing process of the image.