CN114970381A - Method for simulating hemodynamic characteristics of left ventricular mural thrombus by CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology - Google Patents
Method for simulating hemodynamic characteristics of left ventricular mural thrombus by CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of left ventricular mural thrombus by using a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology, which comprises the following steps: obtaining heart enhancement CT original data of a patient and the heart super real-time aortic valve flow rate; step two: importing the discretization model into ADINA software; step three: and under the condition of keeping boundary conditions and load, performing dynamic simulation on heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors, acquiring the motion characteristics of blood flow of different heart models and the stress characteristics of thrombus, and obtaining the compressive stress and the shear stress of a peripheral blood flow field acting on the thrombus. The method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular mural thrombus by using the CFD technology provided by the invention uses the real patient heart enhanced CT as a model, simulates the hemodynamic parameters of the heart ultrasonography, and simulates the hemodynamic by using the CFD means, so that whether the hemodynamic state of the thrombus of an individualized patient left ventricular mural thrombus is easy to fall off is discussed, and the purpose of accurately predicting the risk of the thrombus falling off is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of study on left ventricular mural thrombus, in particular to a method for simulating hemodynamic characteristics of left ventricular mural thrombus by using a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology.
Background
Left ventricular adnexal thrombosis, a clinically insidious disease, is often accompanied by systemic embolism, such as: stroke, renal infarction, etc. The clinical morbidity has high lethality rate and disability rate. Limited by the sample size, most of the current clinical studies are case reports or predictions of high risk factors for thrombosis. On the other hand, due to the low statistical potency, no further analysis of the clinical characteristics of the thrombus could be performed.
The common treatment mode of the left ventricular mural thrombus is anticoagulation, but the patients often need to resist the platelet at the same time, and the combined application has a high bleeding risk. Through the simulation of different states after the thrombus is formed, the high-risk easy-falling thrombus is efficiently and truly identified, and the method is more important in clinical work.
At present, the left-room simulation developed by CFD software mostly adopts a regular geometric model or an animal model, and the real-time flow rate parameters of a patient cannot be combined, so that the condition is far from the real condition of the patient, the risk of thrombus shedding is difficult to accurately predict, and the left-room simulation is difficult to be used for quantitative analysis and judgment.
In addition, compared with cardiac MRI, cardiac CT is widely developed in primary hospitals, has good image imaging effect, simple and convenient operation, short completion time and wide application population, and is reliable and convenient when used as cardiac simulation image data.
Therefore, a method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular coanda thrombus based on the CFD technology is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the main problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention aims to provide a method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of left ventricular adnexal thrombus by using a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology, which is based on the cardiac enhancement CT (computed tomography) of a patient, establishes an individual related numerical simulation model, measures hemodynamic parameters in real time through cardiac hyper-real time, simulates the hemodynamic behavior by using CFD software, obtains the individual hemodynamic load borne by the left ventricular adnexal thrombus of the patient, further realizes the purpose of accurately predicting the risk of thrombus shedding and solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of simulating hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular mural thrombus using CFD techniques, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the heart enhancement CT data and the image data of the patient, a heart geometric model is established through CAE software, thrombus positions, thrombus shapes and the number factors are reproduced in the geometric model, and a tetrahedral mesh is adopted to perform mesh division on a calculation area to obtain a discretization model;
step two: importing the discretization model into ADINA software, determining the blood flow velocity of an inflow boundary according to a heart super-junction fruit by adopting a velocity boundary at a flow field inlet, establishing motion data of the ventricular WALL in one period according to the heart super-junction fruit by adopting a MOVING WALL boundary of an ADINA special boundary on the ventricular WALL;
step three: and under the condition of keeping boundary conditions and load, performing dynamic simulation on the heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors, acquiring the motion characteristics of blood flows of different heart models and the stress characteristics of the thrombus, acquiring the compressive stress and the shear stress of a peripheral blood flow field acting on the thrombus, acquiring normal and tangential blood flow loads of the thrombus through numerical integration, and further evaluating the thrombus shedding risk of the heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors.
The method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular coanda thrombus by using the CFD technology is described, wherein the step one is to control the uniqueness of the variable by controlling the variable.
In the method for simulating hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular mural thrombus using CFD, the control variables include the assumption that the thrombus shape is consistent when the thrombus position and number are considered.
In the method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular mural thrombus by using the CFD technique, the controlling variables further include assuming that the positions and numbers of the thrombus are consistent when considering the thrombus form.
The method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular mural thrombus by using the CFD technique is described, wherein the controlling variables further include the assumption that the shape of the thrombus can be determined by the diameter and the height, so as to avoid the interference of the complex boundary of the thrombus on the analysis result.
The method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular mural thrombus by using the CFD technology is characterized in that qualitative analysis is performed on the flat-bottomed thrombus and the sharp-topped thrombus, and the motion characteristics of the blood flow of the heart model and the stress characteristics of the thrombus corresponding to the flat-bottomed thrombus, the sharp-topped thrombus and the normal thrombus are mainly analyzed under the condition that simulation conditions are not changed.
The method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular mural thrombus by using the CFD technology is characterized in that the whole modeling process of the first step is performed in cata, for a single thrombus, the appearance characteristics of the thrombus are confirmed by the morphological parameters of the thrombus, the single thrombus is attached to the corresponding position of the heart wall surface in a geometric modeling manner, meanwhile, the model is exported to ADINA in an x _ t form, and the internal flow field information is acquired by using boolean operation; the above-described operation procedure is repeated for different numbers of thrombi at different positions on the corresponding wall surface of the heart.
In summary, the invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:
the method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular adnexal thrombus by using the CFD technology provided by the invention takes the heart enhanced CT of a real patient as a model, determines the boundary conditions of the hemodynamic parameters of the heart super, and simulates the hemodynamic by using the CFD means, so that the falling probability of the hemodynamic state of the thrombus of an individual left ventricular adnexal thrombus patient is discussed, and the aim of quantitatively predicting the thrombus falling risk is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an image of a patient with a supracardiac left ventricular mural thrombus;
FIG. 2 is an image of a patient with enhanced CT of the same left ventricular mural thrombus;
FIG. 3 is a model diagram of a 3D reconstructed left ventricular mural thrombus with the hatched portion of the thrombus;
FIG. 4 is a real-time image of the peak flow rate of the aortic valve during systole, which is obtained by measuring the blood flow rate and time at three nodes, i.e., the beginning of systole (the aortic valve is about to open), the middle systole (the aortic valve is fully open), and the end systole (the aortic valve is closed);
FIG. 5 is a CFD map of a patient with the aortic valve about to open at the beginning of the patient's systolic phase;
FIG. 6 is a CFD map of a patient with the aortic valve fully open in mid-systole;
FIG. 7 is a CFD map of a patient at end systole with the aortic valve closed.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a method for simulating hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular mural thrombus using CFD techniques, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the heart enhancement CT data and the image data of the patient, a heart geometric model is established through CAE software, thrombus positions, thrombus shapes and the number factors are reproduced in the geometric model, and a tetrahedral mesh is adopted to perform mesh division on a calculation area to obtain a discretization model;
step two: importing the discretization model into ADINA software, determining the blood flow velocity of an inflow boundary according to a heart super-junction fruit by adopting a velocity boundary at a flow field inlet, establishing motion data of the ventricular WALL in one period according to the heart super-junction fruit by adopting a MOVING WALL boundary of an ADINA special boundary on the ventricular WALL;
step three: and performing dynamic simulation on the heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors under the condition of keeping boundary conditions and load conditions, acquiring motion characteristics of blood flow of different heart models and stress characteristics of thrombus, acquiring compressive stress and shear stress of peripheral blood flow fields acting on the thrombus, acquiring normal and tangential blood flow loads applied to the thrombus through numerical integration, and further evaluating the thrombus shedding risk of the heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, step one adopts a way of controlling variables to control the uniqueness of the variables.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the control variables include the assumption that the thrombus forms uniformly when the position and number of the thrombus are taken into consideration.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the control variables further include the positions and numbers of the thrombi assumed to be consistent when the thrombus form is considered.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the control variables further include the assumption that the shape of the thrombus can be determined by the diameter and the height, so as to avoid the interference of the complicated boundary of the thrombus on the analysis result.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the control variables further include qualitative analysis of thrombus on the flat bottom and the sharp top, and the main analysis ensures that the flat bottom, the sharp top and the normal thrombus correspond to the motion characteristics of the blood flow of the heart model and the force characteristics of the thrombus under the same analysis conditions.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the whole modeling process in the step one is performed in cata, for a single thrombus, the shape characteristics of the thrombus are determined by the morphological parameters of the thrombus, the thrombus is attached to the corresponding position of the heart wall surface in a geometric modeling manner, the model is derived into ADINA in an x _ t manner, and the internal flow field information is acquired in a boolean operation manner; the above-described operation procedure is repeated for different numbers of thrombi at different positions on the corresponding wall surface of the heart.
The working principle is as follows:
(1) in the early pre-experiment part, researches on the heart with different thrombus forms and the blood movement rule of the heart are carried out by combining medical images and a finite element method. A computer is adopted to establish heart models with different thrombus forms, and the blood flow pressure and the flow velocity of the corresponding position of the heart at any time in a continuous motion period are acquired by combining medical images to be used as boundary conditions of CAE analysis. The effect of pressure and blood flow conditions on the thrombus was evaluated.
The study combines CT scanning to establish heart models of different thrombus states, and CFD analysis of related heart models is carried out through AIDAN software to solve a Navier-Stokes equation of blood flow movement. In order to make the analysis data effective, the convergence of the grid density with respect to the results was studied in the initial stage of the study. The whole ventricle is subjected to mesh division by adopting the size of 1 mm, the inflow boundary has small size and is a key object of interest, and the mesh division is performed by adopting the size of 0.5 mm. In order to better characterize the motion characteristics of the fluid, the generation of meshes by using tetrahedral units is studied. The density of blood was taken as 1.05e-009ton/mm ^3 and the kinematic viscosity was taken as 3.5e-009mpa.s, in order to make the CAE analysis more consistent with the reality, the compressibility of blood was considered and its bulk modulus was set to 2GPa, while the effect of gravity on the analysis results was taken into account throughout the analysis, and the acceleration of gravity was taken as 9800mm/s ^ 2. In order to better describe the blood flow movement state of the left ventricle in the compression phase, the pressure change state and the speed change state of the outlet position in the complete contraction phase are obtained through research and are used as loading boundary conditions in the CAE analysis process; for the region surrounded by the ventricular wall around the blood, the motion of the ventricular wall is represented by a motion boundary, the whole simulation calculation is implemented by adopting ADINA software, transient analysis is selected for the fluid region, Euler iteration is adopted in an iteration mode, and for a period T, time step division is carried out according to T/100 so as to ensure the analysis precision and efficiency.
(2) Simulating different thrombus states, such as the size, the shape and the position of the thrombus, and simulating and analyzing the heart pressure distribution characteristics and the blood flow characteristics under different thrombus states to evaluate the influence of the pressure and the blood flow state on the thrombus. An attempt was made to analyze on the basis of this model and conclude which state of thrombus is likely to be detached from the patient (since the state of thrombus is a dynamic process requiring dynamic follow-up)
To sum up:
the method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of the left ventricular mural thrombus by using the CFD technology provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the real heart condition of each patient, the CT image is enhanced, the heart hypercardia simulation is carried out in real time, and the hemodynamic changes of the same patient in different states are simulated according to different states (size, position, number and the like) of the simulated thrombus of the patient with thrombus, so that the aim of accurately predicting the risk of thrombus falling is fulfilled.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular mural thrombus by applying CFD technology, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the heart enhancement CT original data and the heart super real-time aortic valve flow velocity of a patient, establishing a heart geometric model through CAE software, reproducing thrombus position, thrombus form and number factors in the geometric model, and performing mesh division on a calculation region by adopting a tetrahedral mesh to obtain a discretization model;
step two: importing the discretization model into ADINA software, adopting a speed boundary at a flow field inlet, determining the blood flow speed of an inflow boundary according to the heart super-junction effect, adopting a MOVING WALL boundary of an ADINA special boundary on the ventricular WALL, and establishing motion data of the ventricular WALL in one period according to the heart super-junction effect;
step three: and under the condition of keeping boundary conditions and load, performing dynamic simulation on the heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors, acquiring the motion characteristics of blood flows of different heart models and the stress characteristics of the thrombus, acquiring the compressive stress and the shear stress of a peripheral blood flow field acting on the thrombus, acquiring normal and tangential blood flow loads of the thrombus through numerical integration, and further evaluating the thrombus shedding risk of the heart models corresponding to different thrombus factors.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the CFD technique is used to simulate the hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular coanda thrombus, the method comprising: the first step is to control the uniqueness of the variable by adopting a variable control mode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the CFD technique is used to simulate the hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular coanda thrombus, the method comprising: the control variables include the assumption that the thrombus morphology is consistent when considering the position and number of the thrombus.
4. A method for simulating the hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular coanda thrombus using CFD techniques according to claim 3, wherein: the control variables also include the position and number of thrombi assumed to be consistent when considering the morphology of the thrombi.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the CFD technique is used to simulate the hemodynamic characteristics of a left ventricular mural thrombus, the method comprising: the control variables also include the assumption that the morphology of the thrombus can be determined by diameter and height, avoiding interference of complex boundaries of the thrombus with the analysis results.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the control variables also comprise qualitative analysis of the thrombus of the flat bottom and the sharp top, and the movement characteristics of the blood flow of the heart model and the stress characteristics of the thrombus corresponding to the flat bottom, the sharp top and the normal thrombus are mainly analyzed under the condition that the analysis conditions are the same.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the whole modeling process of the first step is carried out in cata, for a single thrombus, the shape characteristics of the thrombus are confirmed by the shape parameters of the thrombus, the shape characteristics are attached to the corresponding position of the wall surface of the heart in a geometric modeling mode, meanwhile, a model is led out to ADINA in an x _ t mode, and the internal flow field information is obtained in a Boolean operation mode; the above-described operation procedure is repeated for different numbers of thrombi at different positions on the corresponding wall surface of the heart.
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| CN116172615A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-30 | 柏意慧心(杭州)网络科技有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring heart obstruction coefficient based on 4D-CTA and CFD |
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- 2021-12-27 CN CN202111615199.5A patent/CN114970381A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116172615A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-30 | 柏意慧心(杭州)网络科技有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring heart obstruction coefficient based on 4D-CTA and CFD |
| CN116172615B (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-10-31 | 柏意慧心(杭州)网络科技有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring heart obstruction coefficient based on 4D-CTA and CFD |
| CN117726626A (en) * | 2024-02-12 | 2024-03-19 | 简阳市人民医院 | Acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous nursing system based on Orem self-care theory |
| CN117726626B (en) * | 2024-02-12 | 2024-04-19 | 简阳市人民医院 | Acute cerebral apoplexy patient continuous nursing system based on Orem self-care theory |
| CN118412149A (en) * | 2024-07-03 | 2024-07-30 | 柏意慧心(杭州)网络科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for researching pathology of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy |
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