CN117721340B - B (B)4Integrated preparation device for C-reinforced 6082Al composite material - Google Patents
B (B)4Integrated preparation device for C-reinforced 6082Al composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN117721340B CN117721340B CN202410176005.3A CN202410176005A CN117721340B CN 117721340 B CN117721340 B CN 117721340B CN 202410176005 A CN202410176005 A CN 202410176005A CN 117721340 B CN117721340 B CN 117721340B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 53
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material integrated preparation device which comprises a press, a main hydraulic cylinder and an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, wherein a fastening ring is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of a die holder, a deformation die is movably sleeved on the inner side of the fastening ring, and the output end of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower die rod; a blank making die is arranged right above the deformation die, and a sheath is movably sleeved in the blank making die; an upper die rod base is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the output end of the main hydraulic cylinder, a guide seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the upper die rod base, an upper die rod is rotatably arranged in the guide seat, and a compensation die is sleeved on the outer side thread of the upper die rod; the top of the press is also fixedly provided with a quantitative discharging mechanism. The invention realizes the integration of B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material powder injection, blank making and deformation and short-process preparation; the upsetting deformation is utilized to reduce the non-uniformity of material diameter reduction and extrusion deformation, so as to realize the uniform accumulation of large deformation; the deformation by means of severe plastic deformation can realize low-temperature consolidation, and the generation of harmful interfacial phases is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder processing, in particular to a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material integrated preparation device.
Background
The neutron shielding material is a key material of the spent fuel storage and transportation assembly, and the metal matrix composite material has the performance advantages of a metal matrix and a reinforcement, and has been developed into a neutron shielding material with the most application prospect in recent years. The boron carbide (B 4 C) reinforced aluminum-based composite material has light weight, high strength, good heat conductivity, corrosion resistance and thermal neutron absorption performance, and is an ideal neutron shielding material for spent fuel storage and transportation. Compared with the conventional 6061Al and 6063Al, the 6082Al has the advantages of less content of Fe element, higher strength, better plasticity, welding performance and corrosion resistance, and is a more ideal candidate metal matrix of the neutron shielding material.
The common preparation method of the B 4 C reinforced aluminum-based composite material mainly comprises a stirring casting method, an infiltration method and a powder metallurgy method. The stirring casting method is difficult to prepare the B 4 C reinforced aluminum-based composite material with high volume fraction (less than or equal to 12 wt.%); and the reinforcement B 4 C is easy to generate agglomeration phenomenon, and defects such as holes, microcracks and the like are generated in the composite material. The size of the preparation material of the infiltration method is not limited, the mass fraction of B 4 C can reach very high (less than or equal to 65 wt.%), but the distribution uniformity of B 4 C particles is poor. The powder metallurgy process can accurately control the proportion of B 4 C, but the sintering process temperature is higher (more than or equal to 450 ℃), harmful interface reaction can occur, brittle intermetallic compounds are generated, the interface bonding strength is reduced, and secondary plastic processing is often required to improve the comprehensive performance. In summary, the conventional preparation method is difficult to cooperatively optimize the particle content, interface strength, grain size, relative density and the like of the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material, and the performance potential of the material cannot be fully exploited.
The large plastic deformation method can realize particle dispersion and compact consolidation of the composite powder at a lower temperature through severe plastic deformation under a higher hydrostatic pressure, and meanwhile, refine the matrix grain structure and improve the distribution of the second phase, thereby providing a new idea for improving the comprehensive service performance of the composite material. Therefore, a B 4 C reinforced aluminum-based composite material system taking 6082Al as a matrix is constructed, a high-performance preparation device and a high-performance preparation method are developed based on a large plastic deformation technology, and the method has a wider application prospect in engineering preparation of composite materials. However, if the composite material powder is directly added into a die, the whole deformation cavity is required to be filled with the powder, and then the powder is deformed, so that powder leakage and agglomeration are easy to occur, the deformation amount of the powder at the end part is small, and the consolidation requirement is difficult to meet; if the composite material powder is packed in the sheath for deformation, the powder is required to be made into blanks according to the height of the sheath, then the made blanks are packed in the sheath for deformation, and the operations of unloading and loading are complicated, and the powder cold-pressed blanks are more in cracks and fragile. The invention relates to a powder injection, blank making and deformation integrated device which is used for realizing the integrated preparation of a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material integrated preparation device, which realizes the integrated preparation of composite material powder injection, blank making and deformation on one device, directly presses the composite material powder in a sheath to prepare a preform, and the preform does not need sintering, thus realizing the short-process preparation of the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material; the upsetting deformation is utilized to reduce the non-uniformity of material diameter reduction and extrusion deformation, so as to realize the uniform accumulation of large deformation; the deformation by means of severe plastic deformation can realize low-temperature consolidation, and the generation of harmful interfacial phases is avoided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
The integrated preparation device for the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material comprises a press, a main hydraulic cylinder fixedly arranged at the top of the press and outputting downwards and vertically, and a secondary hydraulic cylinder fixedly arranged below a workbench of the press and outputting upwards and vertically and coaxially arranged with the main hydraulic cylinder, wherein a die holder is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the workbench, a fastening ring is fixedly arranged at the center of the top surface of the die holder, a temperature control device is sleeved outside the fastening ring, a deformation die is movably sleeved on the inner side of the fastening ring, the output end of the secondary hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower die rod, and the top end of the lower die rod movably penetrates through the workbench and the die holder and enters the lower half section of an internal deformation cavity of the deformation die;
A blank making die capable of vertically lifting is arranged right above the deformation die, a sheath coaxially arranged with the deformation die is movably sleeved in the blank making die, and a backing plate capable of horizontally moving is arranged between the bottom surface of the blank making die and the top surface of the fastening ring;
An upper die rod base is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the output end of the main hydraulic cylinder, a guide seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the upper die rod base, an upper die rod which is vertically arranged and coaxially arranged with the sheath is rotationally arranged in the guide seat, a compensation driving mechanism for driving the upper die rod to rotate is fixedly arranged in the upper die rod base, a compensation die which is slidably arranged in the guide seat is sleeved on the outer side thread of the upper die rod, and the bottom ends of the upper die rod and the compensation die are movably inserted into the upper half section of an inner deformation cavity of the deformation die;
The top of the press is also fixedly provided with a quantitative discharging mechanism, and the discharging end of the quantitative discharging mechanism is movably positioned right above the top port of the sheath or positioned at one side of the top of the sheath.
Further, the internal deformation cavity of the deformation die comprises a first upsetting zone at the top end, a second upsetting zone at the bottom end and a reducing zone which is communicated with the first upsetting zone and the second upsetting zone smoothly, and the inner diameters of the reducing zones are smaller than those of the first upsetting zone and the second upsetting zone.
Further, the side wall of the second upsetting zone is provided with at least one turn of torsion zone of spiral structure.
Further, the deformation die is of an inverted cone table structure formed by relatively attaching two half dies, and a conical through hole matched with the deformation die is formed in the fastening ring.
Further, the outer side wall of the deformation die is integrally provided with convex strips distributed along the bus direction, and the inner wall of the conical through hole of the fastening ring is provided with grooves matched with the convex strips.
Further, the outer side wall of the fastening ring is also fixedly provided with a water pipe, the water inlet end of the water pipe is connected with external water supply equipment, and the water outlet end of the water pipe is connected with an external water collecting tank.
Further, lifting driving mechanisms are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the workbench respectively, a lifting beam rod is fixedly connected to the top power output end of the lifting driving mechanism, and the blank making die is fixedly connected to the lifting beam rod.
Further, a base plate drive is fixedly arranged on one side of the top surface of the workbench, and the base plate is fixedly connected to a horizontal power output end of the base plate drive.
Further, the compensation driving mechanism comprises a compensation driving motor fixedly arranged in the upper die rod base, a first driving gear fixedly arranged at the power output end of the compensation driving motor, and a first driven gear fixedly connected to the top end of the upper die rod and meshed with the first driving gear for transmission.
Further, the quantitative discharging mechanism comprises a storage bracket fixedly arranged on one side of the main hydraulic cylinder, a storage barrel fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bracket, and a discharging driving mechanism fixedly connected to the storage bracket and positioned above the storage barrel, wherein a spiral feeding rod is coaxially rotatably arranged in the storage barrel, a power output end of the discharging driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the top end of the spiral feeding rod, a discharging pipe is rotatably connected to a discharging outlet at the bottom end of the storage barrel, an electromagnetic control valve is arranged at the outlet end of the discharging pipe, and a transposition driving mechanism for driving the discharging pipe to rotate is arranged on the bottom surface of the storage barrel.
Further, a dryer is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the storage barrel, and an air outlet is formed in the top wall or the top of the side wall of the storage barrel.
Also provided is an integrated preparation process of the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material, which comprises the following steps:
S1: storing the composite material powder in a quantitative discharging mechanism to enable the composite material powder to be in a feedable state;
s2: placing the sheath in a blank making die, injecting composite material powder with preset quality into the sheath by a quantitative discharging mechanism, and resetting the quantitative discharging mechanism;
S3: the master hydraulic cylinder works, the upper die rod is driven to descend and inserted into the sheath, the upper die rod compresses the composite material powder to prepare a composite material preform, and the master hydraulic cylinder pauses after pressure maintaining for a preset time;
S4: the compensation driving mechanism works and drives the upper die rod to rotate, so that the compensation die descends through screw transmission until the lower end surface of the compensation die contacts with the upper end surface of the jacket, and the compensation driving mechanism pauses;
s5: the backing plate driving mechanism works and drives the backing plate to horizontally move by a preset distance to one side of the top surface of the fastening ring;
S6: the master hydraulic cylinder continues to work, the upper die rod and the compensation die are driven to synchronously descend for a preset distance, and after the preform and the sheath are pressed down to a first upsetting zone in the deformation die, the master hydraulic cylinder pauses working;
S7: the temperature control device works, and the deformation die and the preform are heated to a preset temperature and then are insulated;
S8: the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder works and drives the lower die rod to ascend for a preset distance until the upper end surface of the lower die rod reaches the upper end part of the second upsetting zone in the deforming die, and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder pauses working;
S9: the master hydraulic cylinder works, the preform and the sheath are pressed down to pass through the diameter reduction region together, so that the bottom end of the sheath reaches the second upsetting region and is propped against the top end of the lower die rod, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder provides preset back pressure and is matched with the master hydraulic cylinder to drive the lower die rod to synchronously descend with the upper die rod, the composite material passes through the diameter reduction region to generate diameter reduction deformation, the composite material passing through the diameter reduction region is subjected to upsetting in the second upsetting region, the composite material reaching the torsion region is subjected to torsional deformation, and when the lower end surface of the upper die rod reaches the bottom of the first upsetting region, the master hydraulic cylinder and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder are suspended to work, so that the forward deformation process of the composite material is completed;
s10: the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder works, the main hydraulic cylinder provides preset back pressure, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is matched to drive the upper die rod and the lower die rod to synchronously ascend, the composite material is subjected to torsional deformation again in the torsion region and then subjected to diameter reduction deformation again in the diameter reduction region, upsetting is again generated in the first upsetting region by the composite material passing through the diameter reduction region, and when the upper end face of the lower die rod reaches the upper end of the second upsetting region, the main hydraulic cylinder and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder are suspended to work, so that the reverse deformation process of the composite material is completed;
S11: repeating the steps S9 to S10 to enable the composite material to generate continuous large plastic deformation, and resetting the main hydraulic cylinder, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder and the compensation driving mechanism after realizing consolidation and densification of the composite material, wherein the temperature control device pauses operation;
S12: the lifting driving mechanism drives the blank making die to ascend, the deformation die is taken out from the fastening ring, the deformed composite material is taken out from the deformation die, and the sheath deformed together with the composite material is removed to obtain a composite material block;
S13: and (3) putting the deformation die into the fastening ring again, driving the backing plate to reset by the backing plate driving mechanism in a reverse working mode, and repeating S2-S12 to finish the preparation of the next composite material block.
Further, the composite material comprises 5-30% of B 4 C powder by mass and 6082Al powder by mass.
Further, the primary particle size of the B 4 C powder is 5-20 μm, and the primary particle size of the 6082Al powder is 20-40 μm.
Further, the mass ratio of the particle size of 5-8 μm to the particle size of 15-20 μm in the primary particle size of the B 4 C powder is 1:3.
Further, the deformation temperature of the composite material in the deformation mold is 200-350 ℃.
Further, the material of the sheath is 6082Al.
Further, in step S11, after the composite material is subjected to a certain pass of composite deformation and the temperature control device pauses operation, when the temperature of the deformation mold is reduced to room temperature, the composite deformation of a certain pass is performed again, and the low-temperature deformation strengthening process of the composite material block is completed;
further, the deformation mold enables the temperature of the composite material block to be quickly set to room temperature by introducing cooling water to the outer side of the fastening ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. In the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material, the content of B 4 C is 30% at maximum, the initial particle size of B 4 C powder is the mixed particle size, the ratio of 5-8 mu m to 15-20 mu m is 1:3, and the initial particle size of 6082Al powder is 20-40 mu m, so that the neutron shielding performance and mechanical property of the composite material can be improved, and the effect of reducing the mechanical property caused by powder agglomeration is avoided; the B 4 C and 6082Al composite powder cold-pressed blank is subjected to multi-pass back-pressure reciprocating extrusion, upsetting and extrusion-torsion composite deformation, so that the sintering-free low-temperature consolidation of the composite material is realized, the generation of a harmful interface phase is avoided, the interface strength and the compactness of the material are improved, and the grain size is thinned.
2. According to the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material integrated preparation device, composite material powder injection, blank making and deformation integrated preparation are realized on one device, the composite material powder is directly packed and pressed in the sheath to prepare the preform, the problem of fragile transportation in independent blank making is avoided, and the requirement of simultaneous deformation of the preform and the sheath after powder compression is realized through the compensation die; the preform is not required to be sintered, and the short-flow preparation of the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material is realized.
3. In the invention, the internal deformation cavity of the deformation die comprises a first upsetting zone, a diameter reduction zone, a second upsetting zone and a torsion zone, when the composite material is subjected to forward deformation in the deformation die, diameter reduction deformation, back pressure upsetting and torsion deformation are sequentially generated from top to bottom, and when the composite material is subjected to reverse deformation, torsion deformation, diameter reduction deformation and back pressure upsetting are sequentially generated from bottom to top, so that the large plastic deformation of the composite material preform is realized; the diameter reduction and the upsetting deformation are compounded, and then the extrusion deformation is combined, so that the non-uniformity of the material diameter reduction and the extrusion deformation is reduced by utilizing the upsetting deformation, and the uniform accumulation of large deformation is realized; the deformation temperature is 200-350 ℃, and the low-temperature consolidation can be realized by means of the deformation of severe plastic deformation, so that the generation of harmful interface phases is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an integrated preparation device for a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a device for integrally preparing a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of one of the mold halves of the mold;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic perspective view of one of the mold halves of the mold;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the internal deformation cavity of the deformation die;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the fastening ring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the assembled state of the deformation mold in the fastening ring;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the upper mold rod and the compensation driving mechanism;
Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the guide seat;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the assembly state of the compensation mold and the upper mold rod;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the quantitative discharge mechanism;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion C in FIG. 13;
Fig. 15 is a process flow diagram of an integrated preparation process of a B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite of the invention.
In the figure: 1 press, 101 workbench, 2 main hydraulic cylinder, 3 auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, 4 die holder, 5 fastening ring, 501 groove, 502 taper through hole, 503 fixed slot, 504 guiding side plate, 6 temperature control device, 7 deforming die, 701 first upsetting area, 702 second upsetting area, 703 reducing area, 704 torsion area, 705 convex strip, 706 inserting column, 8 lower die rod, 9 blank making die, 901 lifting driving mechanism, 902 lifting beam rod, 10 sheath, 11 backing plate, 111 backing plate driving mechanism, 12 upper die rod base, 13 upper die rod, 14 compensating driving mechanism, 141 compensating driving motor, 142 first driving gear, 143 first driven gear, 15 guide seat, 151 guiding notch, 16 compensating die, 161 guiding block, 17 quantitative discharging mechanism, 171 storage bracket, 172 storage barrel, 173 discharging driving mechanism, 174 spiral feeding rod, 175 discharging tube, 176 electromagnetic control valve, 177 transposition driving mechanism, 178 dryer, 179 feeding port, 18 water pipe.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material integrated preparation device includes a press 1, a main hydraulic cylinder 2 fixedly disposed at the top of the press 1 and outputting vertically downward, and a sub hydraulic cylinder 3 fixedly disposed below a workbench 101 of the press 1 and outputting vertically upward and coaxially disposed with the main hydraulic cylinder 2. The output end positions of the main hydraulic cylinder 2 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 are controllable so as to realize constant pressure positioning driving output. The foregoing is the prior art, and is not described herein, but only the innovation of the present invention is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 3, a disc-shaped die holder 4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the workbench 101 through bolts, a fastening ring 5 is fixedly arranged in the center of the top surface of the die holder 4, and a deformation die 7 is movably sleeved on the inner side of the fastening ring 5. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the deforming die 7 is an inverted cone structure formed by relatively adhering two half dies. The inner deformation cavity of the deformation die 7 comprises a first upsetting zone 701 at the top end, a second upsetting zone 702 at the bottom end and a reducing zone 703 which is communicated with the first upsetting zone 701 and the second upsetting zone 702 smoothly, wherein the inner diameters of the reducing zones 703 are smaller than the inner diameters of the first upsetting zone 701 and the second upsetting zone 702, the inner diameter of the first upsetting zone 701 is the same as or different from the inner diameter of the second upsetting zone 702, namely, the inner deformation cavity of the deformation die 7 is in an approximate hourglass structure. At least one turn of the helical structured torsion zone 704 is provided on the sidewall of the second upsetting zone 702. When the composite material is subjected to forward deformation in the deformation die 7, diameter reduction deformation, back pressure upsetting and torsional deformation are sequentially carried out from top to bottom, and when the composite material is subjected to reverse deformation, torsional deformation, diameter reduction deformation and back pressure upsetting are sequentially carried out from bottom to top, so that large plastic deformation of the composite material preform is realized; the shrinkage and upsetting deformation are combined, and then the extrusion deformation is combined, so that the non-uniformity of the shrinkage and the extrusion deformation of the material is reduced by utilizing the upsetting deformation, and the uniform accumulation of large deformation is realized.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the joint surface of one half mold of the deformation mold 7 is integrally provided with a plugging column 706 at two sides of the deformation cavity, the joint surface of the other half mold is provided with a plugging hole matched with the plugging column 706, and the two half molds can be quickly assembled by matching and plugging the plugging column 706 and the plugging hole, and a standard cone frustum structure is formed after the assembly. Chamfer angles are arranged on the outer side edge lines of the joint surfaces of the half molds so as to facilitate the parting operation of the half molds in two involution states. As shown in fig. 7, the inside of the fastening ring 5 is provided with a tapered through hole 502 that matches the deformation die 7. After the deformation die 7 with the truncated cone structure is placed in the conical through hole 502, the deformation die 7 can be rapidly and accurately positioned in the fastening ring 5 through the cooperation between conical curved surfaces. Preferably, the outer side wall of the deformation die 7 (the center position of the outer conical surface of the half die is the best) is integrally provided with convex strips 705 distributed along the bus direction, and the inner wall of the conical through hole of the fastening ring 5 is provided with grooves 501 matched with the convex strips 705. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shapes of the ridge 705 and the groove 501 are equilateral triangles. By the embedded cooperation between the raised strips 705 and the grooves 501 (as shown in fig. 8), the deformation die 7 can be prevented from rotating circumferentially in the deformation process of the composite material, so as to ensure the stability and uniformity of the acting force of the deformation die 7 on the composite material.
As shown in fig. 3, a temperature control device 6 is sleeved outside the fastening ring 5. In this embodiment, the temperature control device 6 adopts an eddy current electric heating ring structure, so that the fastening ring 5 and the deformation die 7 positioned in the temperature control device can be heated rapidly, and a temperature condition meeting the sintering process in the deformation process is provided for the composite material in the deformation die 7. A temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) below the bottom surface of the deforming die 7 is embedded in the top surface of the die holder 4 and is used for monitoring the temperature of the deforming die 7 in real time, so that the heating power of the temperature control device 6 is adjusted to enable the temperature of the deforming die 7 and the inside thereof to reach a preset temperature range and keep stable. Preferably, the outer side wall of the fastening ring 5 is also fixedly provided with a water pipe 18, the water inlet end of the water pipe 18 is connected with external water supply equipment, and the water outlet end is connected with an external water collecting tank. In this way, cooling water is introduced into the water-introducing pipe 18 through external water supply equipment, so that the fastening ring 5 and the deformation die 7 after the completion of thermal sintering can be rapidly cooled to room temperature, the cooling time is shortened, and the subsequent low-temperature deformation strengthening process is facilitated. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a spiral fixing groove 503 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the fastening ring 5, and the water pipe 18 is of a spiral structure supported by a hollow metal pipe with better thermal conductivity and is embedded in the fixing groove 503 in a matching manner, so as to increase the contact area between the water pipe 18 and the surface of the fastening ring 5, thereby improving the cooling speed.
As shown in fig. 3, the output end of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with a lower die rod 8, the lower die rod 8 is coaxially arranged with the deformation die 7, and the diameter of the lower die rod 8 is matched with the inner diameter of the second upsetting zone 702 of the internal deformation cavity of the deformation die 7, so that the top end of the lower die rod 8 movably penetrates through the workbench 101 and the die holder 4 and enters the lower half section of the internal deformation cavity of the deformation die 7 under the driving of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3, and the bottom port of the internal deformation cavity is closed. A blank making die 9 capable of vertically lifting is arranged right above the deformation die 7, and a sheath 10 coaxially arranged with the deformation die 7 is movably sleeved in the blank making die 9. The jacket 10 is a hollow cylindrical barrel open at the top and having an outer diameter matching the inner diameter of the first upsetting zone 701 of the internal deformation chamber of the deformation die 7 so that the jacket 10 can be vertically moved down into the first upsetting zone 701 under the action of the top pressure.
A horizontally movable backing plate 11 is provided between the bottom surface of the blank mold 9 and the top surface of the fastening ring 5. A pad driving mechanism 111 (a hydraulic cylinder is used in this embodiment) is fixedly disposed on one side of the top surface of the table 101, and the pad 11 is fixedly connected to a horizontal power output end of the pad driving mechanism 111. The pad driving mechanism 111 can drive the pad 11 to switch between a supporting position below the bottom surface of the blank forming die 9 and a avoiding position at one side of the bottom surface of the blank forming die 9. When the backing plate 11 is located below the bottom surface of the blank making die 9, the sleeve 10 is located on the top surface of the backing plate 11, and in the process of pressing the composite material in the sleeve 10 to finish prefabrication, the backing plate 11 provides a supporting foundation for the sleeve 10, preferably, in the position state, the bottom surface of the backing plate 11 is contacted with the top surface of the fastening ring 5, so that the fastening ring 5 can play a supporting role on the backing plate 11, and the backing plate 11 is prevented from being bent under the pressure effect of the sleeve 10 to influence the subsequent reuse. Further preferably, two sides of the top surface of the fastening ring 5 are provided with guiding side plates 504, and two opposite side surfaces of the guiding side plates 504 are parallel to the horizontal moving direction of the backing plate 11 and are respectively in sliding contact with two side surfaces of the backing plate 11, so as to play a role in guiding the horizontal movement of the backing plate 11.
Lifting driving mechanisms 901 (hydraulic cylinders are adopted in the embodiment) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the workbench 101 respectively, a lifting beam 902 is fixedly connected to the top power output end of the lifting driving mechanisms 901, and the blank making die 9 is fixedly connected to the lifting beam 902. The lifting driving mechanism 901 realizes the adjustment of the position of the blank making die 9 above the deformation die 7, specifically, the blank making die 9 is kept at the lowest position in the preform making stage and the composite material deformation stage, when the composite material processing is completed and needs to be taken out, the lifting driving mechanism 901 pushes the blank making die 9 to rise a distance through the lifting beam rod 902, so that the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the blank making die 9 and the top surface of the fastening ring 5 is not smaller than the height of the deformation die 7, and the deformation die 7 can be smoothly and conveniently taken out vertically upwards from the fastening ring 5, and then the jacket 10 positioned in the blank making die and the composite material block after the deformation are taken out together. Guide plates are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the workbench 101, guide holes are formed in the top surface of the guide plates, guide rods movably inserted into the guide holes are fixedly arranged at two ends of the bottom surface of the lifting beam 902 respectively, and the lifting beam 902 is enabled to move vertically through the cooperation of the guide rods and the guide holes.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, an upper mold rod base 12 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the output end of the main hydraulic cylinder 2, a guide seat 15 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the upper mold rod base 12, and the guide seat 15 is a hollow cylinder structure with an opening at the bottom. An upper die rod 13 which is vertically arranged and coaxially arranged with the sheath 10 is rotatably arranged in the guide seat 15, and the top neck of the upper die rod 13 is rotatably arranged in the top of the guide seat 15 through a thrust bearing. The upper die rod base 12 is fixedly provided with a compensation driving mechanism 14 for driving the upper die rod 13 to rotate. The compensation driving mechanism 14 comprises a compensation driving motor 141 fixedly arranged in the upper die rod base 12, a first driving gear 142 fixedly arranged at the power output end of the compensation driving motor 141, and a first driven gear 143 fixedly connected to the top end of the upper die rod 13 and meshed with the first driving gear 142 for transmission. The outer side of the upper die rod 13 is in threaded sleeve connection with a compensation die 16 which is arranged in the guide seat 15 in a sliding manner, the outer diameter of the upper die rod 13 is matched with the inner diameter of the sheath 10, so that the bottom end of the upper die rod 13 can be inserted into the sheath 10, and the composite material powder contained in the sheath 10 is compacted for subsequent consolidation; the outer diameter of the compensation mould 16 is matched with that of the sleeve 10, so that the upper mould rod 13 and the bottom end of the compensation mould 16 can be driven by the master hydraulic cylinder 2 to simultaneously press down the composite material in the sleeve 10 of the sleeve 10 and can be simultaneously inserted into the upper half section of the internal deformation cavity of the deformation mould 7. In this embodiment, the first driven gear 143 and the upper die rod 13 are integrally formed into a gear shaft structure, and the compensation driving mechanism 14 adopts a servo motor with closed-loop control, so that the number of rotations of the upper die rod 13 can be precisely controlled by the gear pair, thereby precisely controlling the lifting distance of the compensation die 16 in the vertical axis direction.
In order to realize that the compensation die 16 can be lifted along the vertical axis direction under the action of the screw transmission, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the top end of the hollow column of the guide seat 15 is provided with a guide notch 151 with a non-circular section (such as square), the top end of the outer wall of the compensation die 16 is fixedly provided with a guide block 161 with a matched section shape of the guide notch 151, and the compensation die 16 can only realize axial linear movement by limiting the movement of the guide block 161 through the guide notch 151.
The top of the press 1 is also fixedly provided with a quantitative discharge mechanism 17 for storing and feeding quantitative composite powder in the jacket 10. The discharge end of the metering mechanism 17 is movably located directly above the top port of the jacket 10 or on the top side of the jacket 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the quantitative discharging mechanism 17 includes a storage bracket 171 fixedly disposed at one side of the main hydraulic cylinder 2, a storage barrel 172 fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bracket 171, a discharging driving mechanism 173 fixedly connected to the storage bracket 171 and located above the storage barrel 172, a screw feeding rod 174 is coaxially rotatably mounted in the storage barrel 172, a power output end of the discharging driving mechanism 173 is in transmission connection with a top end of the screw feeding rod 174, a discharging pipe 175 is rotatably connected to a bottom end discharge port of the storage barrel 172, an electromagnetic control valve 176 is disposed at an outlet end of the discharging pipe 175, and a transposition driving mechanism 177 for driving the discharging pipe 175 to rotate is disposed on a bottom surface of the storage barrel 172. In this embodiment, the discharging driving mechanism 173 adopts a servo motor with closed-loop control, and the output shaft end thereof is in transmission connection with the top shaft end of the spiral feeding rod 174 through a gear pair, so that the number of turns of the single-drive spiral feeding rod 174 can be precisely controlled, and the volume of the composite material powder sent out by the spiral feeding rod 174 can be precisely controlled. The transposition driving mechanism 177 adopts a steering engine with a rotation angle of 180 degrees, a second driving gear is fixedly arranged at the end of an output shaft of the transposition driving mechanism, a second driven gear which is in meshed transmission connection with the second driving gear is fixedly connected to the top end of the outer wall of the discharge pipe 175, and the discharge end at the bottom of the discharge pipe 175 can be switched between a position (charging position) right above a top port of the sheath 10 and a position (standby position) at one side of the top of the sheath 10 through the driving of the steering engine and the transmission of a gear pair. Namely, when composite material powder is required to be fed into the sheath 10, the steering engine drives the discharge pipe 175 to rotate forward 180 degrees, so that the bottom discharge end of the discharge pipe 175 is positioned right above the center of the top opening of the sheath 10, the discharge driving mechanism 173 drives the spiral feed rod 174 to rotate for a preset fixed circle number, and the electromagnetic control valve 176 is switched to an open state, and then the composite material powder fed by the spiral feed rod 174 enters the sheath 10 through the discharge pipe 175; after the charging is completed, the discharging driving mechanism 173 pauses, the electromagnetic control valve 176 is switched to be in a closed state, the steering engine drives the discharging pipe 175 to reversely rotate 180 degrees to reset, and at the moment, the discharging end of the discharging pipe 175 is arranged on one side above the top surface of the blank making die 9, so that interference is not caused to the subsequent blank making and deformation processes.
Preferably, a dryer 178 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the storage vat 172, and an air outlet hole is formed in the top wall or the top of the side wall of the storage vat 172. The dry hot air is continuously introduced into the storage vat 172 through the dryer 178, so that the moisture in the storage vat 172 is timely discharged from the air outlet, and the composite material powder in the storage vat 172 is always in a good dry state and has good fluidity, so that the accuracy of single feeding amount is ensured. The top end of the outer arm of the storage vat 172 is provided with a normally closed feeding port 179, the composite powder to be consolidated and deformed is fed into the storage vat 172 through the feeding port 179, and after feeding is completed, the feeding port 179 is kept in a closed state, so that external impurities or moisture are prevented from directly entering the storage vat 172 through the feeding port 179.
Referring to fig. 15, an integrated preparation process of a B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material includes the steps of:
S1: storing the composite material powder in a quantitative discharging mechanism 17 to enable the composite material powder to be in a feedable state;
In the embodiment, the composite material comprises 5-30% of B 4 C powder by mass and 6082Al powder by mass. The primary particle size of the B 4 C powder is 5-20 mu m, and the primary particle size of the 6082Al powder is 20-40 mu m. The mass ratio of the particle size of 5-8 mu m to the particle size of 15-20 mu m in the initial particle size of the B 4 C powder is 1:3. The composite material can not only improve the neutron shielding performance and the mechanical property of the composite material, but also avoid the reduction of the mechanical property caused by powder agglomeration; meanwhile, the B 4 C and 6082Al composite powder cold-pressed blank is subjected to multi-pass back-pressure reciprocating extrusion, upsetting and extrusion-torsion composite deformation, so that the sintering-free low-temperature consolidation of the composite material is realized, the generation of a harmful interface phase can be avoided, the interface strength and the compactness of the material are improved, and the grain size is thinned. The sheath 10 is made of 6082Al, can be consistent with the main component materials of the composite powder, has good deformability, and can not interfere with the components of the block material after the composite is deformed.
The prepared composite powder is fed into the storage tank 172 from a feed port 179 on the storage tank 172, and the dryer 178 is kept in a continuous working state, so that the composite powder is always in a good drying state and has good fluidity.
S2: placing the sheath 10 in a blank making die 9, injecting composite material powder with preset mass into the sheath 10 by a quantitative discharging mechanism 17, and resetting the quantitative discharging mechanism 17;
The specific process is as follows: the steering engine drives the discharge pipe 175 to rotate forward 180 degrees, so that the discharge end at the bottom of the discharge pipe 175 is positioned right above the center of the top opening of the sheath 10, the discharge driving mechanism 173 drives the spiral feeding rod 174 to rotate for a preset fixed number of turns, and the electromagnetic control valve 176 is switched to an open state, so that the composite material powder sent by the spiral feeding rod 174 enters the sheath 10 through the discharge pipe 175; after the charging is completed, the discharging driving mechanism 173 pauses, the electromagnetic control valve 176 is switched to be in a closed state, the steering engine drives the discharging pipe 175 to reversely rotate 180 degrees to reset, and at the moment, the discharging end of the discharging pipe 175 is arranged on one side above the top surface of the blank making die 9, so that interference is not caused to the subsequent blank making and deformation processes.
S3: the master hydraulic cylinder 2 works, the upper die rod 13 is driven to descend and is inserted into the sheath 10, the upper die rod 13 compresses composite material powder to prepare a composite material preform, and the master hydraulic cylinder 2 pauses after pressure maintaining for a preset time (such as 30 s);
S4: the compensation driving mechanism 14 works, the upper die rod 13 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the gear pair, the upper die rod 13 enables the compensation die 16 to descend through the threaded transmission until the lower end face of the compensation die 16 contacts with the upper end face of the sheath 10, and the compensation driving mechanism 14 pauses working;
S5: the pad driving mechanism 111 works to drive the pad 11 to horizontally move a preset distance to one side of the top surface of the fastening ring 5, so that the space between the bottom of the blank forming die 9 and the top surface of the fastening ring 5 is in a smooth state, and the sheath 10 can be vertically moved down and smoothly enter the deforming die 7.
S6: the master cylinder 2 continues to work, the upper die rod 13 and the compensation die 16 are driven to synchronously move downwards for a preset distance (the preset distance is optimal when the bottom end of the jacket 10 reaches the joint position of the first upsetting zone 701 and the reducing zone 703), and after the preform and the jacket 10 are pressed down to the first upsetting zone 701 in the deforming die 7, the master cylinder 2 pauses to work; at this point, the sheath 10 filled with composite powder is located entirely inside the deformation die 7.
S7: the temperature control device 6 works, and the deformation die 7 and the preform are heated to a preset temperature and then are insulated; in this embodiment, the deformation temperature of the composite material in the deformation mold 7 is 200-350 ℃.
S8: the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 works, the lower die rod 8 is driven to ascend for a preset distance until the upper end surface of the lower die rod 8 reaches the upper end part of the second upsetting zone 702 in the deforming die 7, and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 pauses working; at this time, the space of the internal deformation cavity of the deformation die 7 between the upper die rod 13 and the lower die rod 8 is in a relatively closed state.
S9: the master hydraulic cylinder 2 works, the upper die rod 13 and the compensation die 16 are driven to synchronously descend, the upper die rod 13 and the compensation die 16 downwards press the preform and the jacket 10 to pass through the diameter reduction region 703 together, so that the bottom end of the jacket 10 reaches the second upsetting region 702 and is propped against the top end of the lower die rod 8, at the moment, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 provides preset back pressure for the composite preform through the bottom surface of the jacket 10, the lower die rod 8 and the upper die rod 13 are driven to synchronously descend by matching with the master hydraulic cylinder 2, the composite material passes through the diameter reduction region 703 to generate diameter reduction deformation, the composite material passing through the diameter reduction region 703 is upset in the second upsetting region 702, the composite material reaching the torsion region 704 is subjected to torsional deformation, and when the lower end surface of the upper die rod 13 reaches the bottom of the first upsetting region 701, the master hydraulic cylinder 2 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 are suspended to work, and the forward deformation process of the composite material is completed;
S10: the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 works, the main hydraulic cylinder 2 provides preset back pressure, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 is matched to drive the upper die rod 13 and the lower die rod 8 to synchronously ascend, the composite material is subjected to torsional deformation again in the torsional zone 704 and then subjected to diameter reduction deformation again in the diameter reduction zone 703, the composite material passing through the diameter reduction zone 703 is subjected to upsetting again in the first upsetting zone 701, and when the upper end face of the lower die rod 8 reaches the upper end of the second upsetting zone 702, the main hydraulic cylinder 2 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 are suspended to work, so that the reverse deformation process of the composite material is completed;
S11: repeating the steps S9 to S10 to enable the composite material to generate continuous large plastic deformation, and resetting the main hydraulic cylinder 2, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 3 and the compensation driving mechanism 14 after realizing the consolidation and densification of the composite material, wherein the temperature control device 6 pauses working;
Preferably, in the step, after the composite material is subjected to certain-pass composite deformation and the temperature control device 6 pauses working, when the temperature of the deformation die 7 is reduced to room temperature, the composite deformation of certain pass is performed again, and the low-temperature deformation strengthening process of the composite material block is completed; further, the deformation die 7 rapidly brings the temperature of the composite block to room temperature by introducing cooling water to the outside of the fastening ring 5. The early deformation is to realize consolidation and densification of the composite material, and the structure refinement and the mechanical property improvement are realized; the later room temperature deformation is due to the more remarkable cold deformation strengthening effect, which is helpful for further improving the mechanical properties of the composite material.
S12: the lifting driving mechanism 901 drives the blank making die 9 to ascend, the deformation die 7 is taken out from the fastening ring 5, the deformed composite material is taken out from the deformation die 7, the two half dies are separated, the deformed sheath 10 and the composite material block are taken out together, and the sheath 10 deformed together with the composite material is removed, so that the composite material block is obtained;
S13: and after the two half molds of the deformation mold 7 are in butt joint again and are put into the fastening ring 5 again, the backing plate driving mechanism 111 works reversely to drive the backing plate 11 to reset, and the preparation of the next composite material block is completed by repeating S2-S12.
By adopting the equipment and the process, the integrated preparation of powder injection, blank making and deformation of the composite material can be realized on one device, the composite material powder is directly packed and pressed in the sheath 10 to prepare the preform, the problem of fragile transportation in independent blank making is avoided, and the requirement of simultaneous deformation of the preform and the sheath 10 after powder compression is realized through the compensation die 16; the preform is not required to be sintered, and the short-flow preparation of the B 4 C reinforced 6082Al composite material is realized. The internal deformation cavity of the deformation die comprises a first upsetting zone, a diameter reduction zone, a second upsetting zone and a torsion zone, when the composite material is subjected to forward deformation in the deformation die, diameter reduction deformation, back pressure upsetting and torsion deformation are sequentially carried out from top to bottom, and when the composite material is subjected to reverse deformation, torsion deformation, diameter reduction deformation and back pressure upsetting are sequentially carried out from bottom to top, so that the large plastic deformation of the composite material preform is realized; the diameter reduction and the upsetting deformation are compounded, and then the extrusion deformation is combined, so that the non-uniformity of the material diameter reduction and the extrusion deformation is reduced by utilizing the upsetting deformation, and the uniform accumulation of large deformation is realized; the deformation temperature is 200-350 ℃, and the low-temperature consolidation can be realized by means of the deformation of severe plastic deformation, so that the generation of harmful interface phases is avoided.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a B 4 C reinforcing 6082Al combined material integration preparation facilities, includes press (1), fixes set up in the top of press (1) and to vertical output's main hydraulic cylinder (2), is fixed in workstation (101) below of press (1) and upwards vertical output and with main hydraulic cylinder (2) coaxial auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (3) that set up, its characterized in that: the die holder (4) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the workbench (101), the fastening ring (5) is fixedly arranged in the center of the top surface of the die holder (4), the temperature control device (6) is sleeved outside the fastening ring (5), the deformation die (7) is movably sleeved on the inner side of the fastening ring (5), the lower die rod (8) is fixedly connected with the output end of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (3), and the top end of the lower die rod (8) movably penetrates through the workbench (101) and the die holder (4) and enters the lower half section of the inner deformation cavity of the deformation die (7);
The inner deformation cavity of the deformation die (7) comprises a first upsetting zone (701) at the top end, a second upsetting zone (702) at the bottom end and a reducing zone (703) which is in smooth communication with the first upsetting zone (701) and the second upsetting zone (702), wherein the inner diameters of the reducing zone (703) are smaller than the inner diameters of the first upsetting zone (701) and the second upsetting zone (702), and the side wall of the second upsetting zone (702) is provided with at least one turn of torsion zone (704) with a spiral structure;
A blank making die (9) capable of vertically lifting is arranged right above the shaping die (7), a sheath (10) coaxially arranged with the shaping die (7) is movably sleeved in the blank making die (9), and a backing plate (11) capable of horizontally moving is arranged between the bottom surface of the blank making die (9) and the top surface of the fastening ring (5);
An upper die rod base (12) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the output end of the main hydraulic cylinder (2), a guide seat (15) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the upper die rod base (12), an upper die rod (13) which is vertically arranged and coaxially arranged with the sheath (10) is rotationally arranged in the guide seat (15), a compensation driving mechanism (14) for driving the upper die rod (13) to rotate is fixedly arranged in the upper die rod base (12), a compensation die (16) which is slidably arranged in the guide seat (15) is sleeved on the outer side thread of the upper die rod (13), and the bottom ends of the upper die rod (13) and the compensation die (16) can be movably inserted into the upper half section of an internal deformation cavity of the deformation die (7);
The top of the press (1) is also fixedly provided with a quantitative discharging mechanism (17), and the discharging end of the quantitative discharging mechanism (17) is movably positioned right above the top port of the sheath (10) or positioned at one side of the top of the sheath (10).
2. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: the deformation die (7) is of an inverted cone table structure formed by relatively attaching two half dies, and a conical through hole matched with the deformation die (7) is formed in the fastening ring (5);
Convex strips (705) distributed along the bus direction are integrally arranged on the outer side wall of the deformation die (7), and grooves (501) matched with the convex strips (705) are formed in the inner wall of the conical through hole of the fastening ring (5).
3. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device according to claim 2, wherein: the outer side wall of the fastening ring (5) is also fixedly provided with a water pipe (18), the water inlet end of the water pipe (18) is connected with external water supply equipment, and the water outlet end is connected with an external water collecting tank.
4. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: the compensation driving mechanism (14) comprises a compensation driving motor (141) fixedly arranged in the upper die rod base (12), a first driving gear (142) fixedly arranged at the power output end of the compensation driving motor (141), and a first driven gear (143) fixedly connected to the top end of the upper die rod (13) and meshed with the first driving gear (142) for transmission.
5. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: lifting driving mechanisms (901) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the workbench (101) respectively, lifting beam rods (902) are fixedly connected to the top power output ends of the lifting driving mechanisms (901), and blank forming dies (9) are fixedly connected to the lifting beam rods (902).
6. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: a base plate driving mechanism (111) is fixedly arranged on one side of the top surface of the workbench (101), and the base plate (11) is fixedly connected to the horizontal power output end of the base plate driving mechanism (111).
7. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: the quantitative discharging mechanism (17) comprises a storage bracket (171) fixedly arranged on one side of the main hydraulic cylinder (2), a storage barrel (172) fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bracket (171), and a discharging driving mechanism (173) fixedly connected to the storage bracket (171) and located above the storage barrel (172), wherein a spiral feeding rod (174) is coaxially rotatably arranged in the storage barrel (172), the power output end of the discharging driving mechanism (173) is in transmission connection with the top end of the spiral feeding rod (174), the bottom discharge port of the storage barrel (172) is rotatably connected with a discharging pipe (175), the outlet end of the discharging pipe (175) is provided with an electromagnetic control valve (176), and the bottom surface of the storage barrel (172) is provided with a transposition driving mechanism (177) for driving the discharging pipe (175) to rotate.
8. The B 4 C-reinforced 6082Al composite integral preparation device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the outside of storage vat (172) is fixed and is provided with desicator (178), and the venthole has been seted up at roof or lateral wall top of storage vat (172).
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