CN117713728A - A multi-octave filter component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-octave filter component, which relates to the fields of electronic countermeasure, microwave measurement and high-performance instruments and meters, and comprises the following components: on the conception of a multi-octave band-pass filter assembly based on a three-stage harmonic oscillator, a five-stage high-selectivity filter coupling technology is adopted, and the design of analog and digital combined compensation is carried out in an exciter, so that the multi-octave filter and a digital-analog compensation exciter are integrally designed to form a multi-octave filter assembly; the invention increases the frequency bandwidth, reduces the volume and the power consumption, and designs the traditional YIG filter with three frequency bands of (2-4) + (4-8) + (8-18) in the same magnetic circuit to realize the function of 2-18 GHz.

Description

A multi-octave filter component

Technical field

The invention relates to the fields of electronic countermeasures, microwave measurement, and high-performance instrumentation, and specifically relates to a multi-octave filter assembly.

Background technique

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

Magnetic tuning devices are mainly used in two major fields: electronic equipment, high-performance microwave measurement instruments (such as frequency synthesis signal sources, swept frequency synthesis signal sources, spectrum analyzers, panoramic receivers, frequency sweepers, etc.). In systems such as radar, surveillance and monitoring, communications, and electronic countermeasures, preselection filters are key components in front-end systems. Currently used filters mainly include fixed frequency filters, switching filter banks, YIG filters, etc. Among them, YIG magnetically tuned filters have become core components in a wide range of fields such as electronic warfare, communications, and search due to their excellent comprehensive performance advantages.

With the advancement of electronic technology, wide-bandwidth, miniaturization, low power consumption and high reliability are the general trends in the development of electronic equipment. As the core component of electronic warfare, magnetic tuning devices also face the same technical requirements, with wide-bandwidth, miniaturization and , Low-power magnetic tuning device special devices are the general trend of the development of magnetic tuning devices at present and in the next 5 to 20 years. The use of multi-octave magnetic tuning device band-pass filters can not only complete the broadband frequency-selective filtering function that was originally accomplished by a combination of several filters, but also greatly reduce the size and weight of the whole machine, simplify the design of the whole machine, and is an ideal choice for electronic countermeasures As an indispensable core broadband device in other equipment, this product can be widely used in fields such as broadband electronic countermeasures. However, without practical breakthroughs in magnetic circuit and coil material technology and filter planar resonance technology, the current bandwidth, volume, and power consumption of a single filter can only change within a limited range, so it cannot adapt to future broadband electronics. development needs of the combat system.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-octave filter component to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which increases the frequency bandwidth, reduces the volume and power consumption, and combines the traditional (2~4)+( The YIG filter design in three frequency bands 4～8)+(8～18) realizes the function of 2～18GHz in the same magnetic circuit, thereby solving the above problems.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A multi-octave filter component based on the concept of a multi-octave bandpass filter component based on a three-level resonator, using five-level high-selectivity filter coupling technology, and performing analog and digital combined compensation inside the exciter The design integrates the multi-octave filter and the digital-analog compensation exciter to form a multi-octave filter component.

Further, it includes: an exciter upper cavity and an exciter lower cavity; the exciter upper cavity is connected to an upper magnetic circuit assembly, and the exciter lower cavity is connected to a position corresponding to the upper magnetic circuit assembly. There is a lower magnetic circuit assembly. A sampling resistor plate and a control circuit are arranged in the lower cavity of the exciter. A low-frequency connector is also connected to the outside of the lower cavity of the exciter.

Further, the upper magnetic circuit assembly includes: an upper magnetic circuit housing connected to the upper cavity of the exciter, and a coil, a dielectric cavity assembly and a ferrite are arranged in the upper magnetic circuit housing.

Further, the lower magnetic circuit assembly includes: a lower magnetic circuit housing connected to the lower cavity of the exciter, and a coil, a dielectric cavity assembly and a ferrite are provided in the lower magnetic circuit housing; the lower cavity There are RF connectors for external connections.

Further, the control circuit includes:

CNC drive control circuit and analog compensation circuit and digital compensation circuit connected to the CNC drive control circuit; the analog compensation circuit and digital compensation circuit are used to control changes in the dielectric cavity components to achieve frequency changes of the filter, in the same magnetic circuit Implement broadband filtering from 2-18GHz.

Further, it also includes a bottom plate, and the lower cavity of the exciter is installed on the bottom plate.

Further, the ferrite is a large-sized iron-nickel alloy with high magnetic permeability and wide temperature range.

Further, the preparation method of the large-sized iron-nickel alloy is as follows:

Step S1: Carry out reasonable batching of raw materials;

Step S2: Carry out vacuum hot pressing process;

Step S3: Carry out vacuum melting process;

Step S4: Perform a vacuum annealing process to obtain a large-size iron-nickel alloy.

Furthermore, in the step S2, vacuum induction furnace smelting and reasonable deoxidation system, inclusion denaturation treatment technology and pouring method are used to minimize the non-metallic inclusions and gas content in the alloy, and control the types of inclusions.

Furthermore, in step S3, the annealing temperature, annealing holding time, annealing mode and annealing cooling rate during the heat treatment are reasonably adjusted under atmosphere protection, so as to obtain a better alloy structure and improve the alloy magnetic properties.

Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. A multi-octave filter component. Based on the concept of a multi-octave bandpass filter component based on a three-stage resonator, it adopts five-level high-selectivity filter coupling technology, and performs analog and digital processing inside the exciter. The design of combined compensation integrates the multi-octave filter and the digital-analog compensation exciter to form a multi-octave filter component; it increases the frequency bandwidth, reduces the size and power consumption, and combines the traditional ( The YIG filter design of three frequency bands 2～4)+(4～8)+(8～18) realizes the function of 2～18GHz in the same magnetic circuit.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-octave filter component;

Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-octave filter component;

Figure 3 is a multi-parameter preparation process flow chart of large-size iron-nickel alloy;

Figure 4 shows the magnetic circuit simulation design results;

Figure 5 shows the simulation results in the uniform magnetic field area.

Reference signs: 1-exciter upper cavity, 2-exciter lower cavity, 3-sampling resistor plate, 4-control circuit, 5-low frequency connector, 6-upper magnetic circuit housing, 7-lower magnetic circuit Shell, 8-coil, 9-dielectric cavity component, 10-RF connector, 11-base plate.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations are mutually exclusive. any such actual relationship or sequence exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprises," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also those not expressly listed other elements, or elements inherent to the process, method, article or equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the stated element.

The features and performance of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Embodiment 1

This embodiment proposes a multi-octave filter component that has the following capabilities:

Improve the operating frequency bandwidth of filter components under limited volume size;

Through a complete process, iron-nickel alloy materials with excellent magnetic properties are prepared;

Improve the high-temperature stability of multi-octave filter components in complex application environments.

In this embodiment, specifically, a multi-octave filter component is based on the concept of a multi-octave bandpass filter component based on a three-level resonator, using five-level high-selectivity filter coupling technology, and in Analog and digital combined compensation are designed inside the exciter to reduce the system volume. The multi-octave filter and the digital-analog compensation exciter are integrated into the design to form a multi-octave filter component.

In this embodiment, specifically, it includes: an exciter upper cavity 1 and an exciter lower cavity 2; an upper magnetic circuit assembly is connected to the exciter upper cavity 1, and an exciter lower cavity 2 is connected to A lower magnetic circuit component is connected to the corresponding position of the upper magnetic circuit component. A sampling resistor plate 3 and a control circuit 4 are provided in the lower cavity 2 of the exciter. A low-frequency connection is also connected to the outside of the lower cavity 2 of the exciter. Device 5.

In this embodiment, specifically, the upper magnetic circuit assembly includes: an upper magnetic circuit housing 6 connected to the upper cavity 1 of the exciter. The upper magnetic circuit housing 6 is provided with a coil 8 and a medium cavity. Component 9 and ferrite.

In this embodiment, specifically, the lower magnetic circuit assembly includes: a lower magnetic circuit housing 7 connected to the lower cavity 2 of the exciter. The lower magnetic circuit housing 7 is provided with a coil 8 and a medium cavity. Component 9 and ferrite; a radio frequency connector 10 is connected to the outside of the lower cavity.

In this embodiment, specifically, the control circuit 4 includes:

CNC drive control circuit 4 and an analog compensation circuit and a digital compensation circuit connected to the CNC drive control circuit 4; the analog compensation circuit and the digital compensation circuit are used to control changes in the dielectric cavity component 9 to achieve frequency changes of the filter. Achieve 2-18GHz broadband filtering in the same magnetic circuit;

In this embodiment, specifically, it also includes a base plate 11 , and the exciter lower cavity 2 is installed on the base plate 11 .

In this embodiment, specifically, the ferrite is a large-sized iron-nickel alloy with high magnetic permeability and wide temperature range.

That is, in this embodiment, in order to achieve high selectivity of the filter, a coupling design of five-level resonators is implemented inside the microwave dielectric cavity;

In order to achieve more precise frequency control, an analog compensation circuit is added inside the exciter to achieve an accurate combination of analog compensation and digital compensation circuits. The proposed structural model and principle block are shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Based on the iron-nickel alloy with excellent magnetic properties, through a comprehensive analysis of the principle, physical composition, and structural model of the magnetic tuning device, a multi-octave filter component from 2G to 20GHz was completed.

In this embodiment, specifically, in order to develop a microwave tuner with high temperature stability, the present invention analyzes the changes in the macroscopic crystal structure of domestic and foreign iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy materials from a multi-scale perspective, and obtains the effects of different components and doping on soft magnetic alloys. The influence of magnetic properties is achieved by preparing iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy materials with high magnetic permeability and wide temperature through hot-pressing sintering and vacuum melting, optimizing hot-pressing sintering and vacuum melting parameters, and adjusting the microstructure of the iron-nickel alloy through vacuum annealing. With the wide temperature stability of iron-nickel alloy, the function of magnetic alloy materials in magnetic tuning devices is completed.

In this embodiment, specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the preparation method of the large-sized iron-nickel alloy is as follows:

Step S1: Carry out reasonable batching of raw materials;

Step S2: Carry out vacuum hot pressing process;

Step S3: Carry out vacuum melting process;

Step S4: Perform a vacuum annealing process to obtain a large-size iron-nickel alloy.

In this embodiment, specifically, the magnetic properties of the iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy are determined by the chemical composition of the alloy, the smelting process, and the heat treatment process. In order to obtain higher alloy magnetic properties during production, the main matters are as follows: ① Properly proportion raw materials and select raw materials with higher purity; ② Use vacuum induction furnace smelting and reasonable deoxidation system, inclusion denaturation treatment technology and pouring method. Minimize the non-metallic inclusions and gas content in the alloy, and control the type of inclusions; ③ Under atmosphere protection, reasonably adjust the annealing temperature, annealing holding time, annealing mode and annealing cooling rate during the heat treatment process to obtain a better alloy The organizational structure improves the magnetic properties of the alloy.

In this embodiment, magnetic condensation taper design is also carried out, as follows:

In the air gap, B ₀ =μ ₀ H ₀ , based on the principle of magnetic flux continuity, the value of the magnetic induction intensity B _m inside the magnetic circuit can be calculated by the following formula:

B ₀ =B _m ·S _m /S ₀

In the formula: S ₀ is the corrected magnetic pole area. The magnetic pole correction method is to add 2l ₀ to each side of the magnetic pole, and the unit is mm ² . In the formula, if the saturation and magnetic leakage conditions at the pole tip are not considered, the desired high B ₀ can be obtained through the S _m /S ₀ (magnetic concentration taper) ratio design. However, the magnetic flux at the minimum area of the pole tip will be the main pole. The S _m /S of the column must _{be 0} times to achieve the required magnetic field.

The large-scale electromagnetic field analysis and simulation software package (Maxwell3D) uses the finite element method to simulate the structure of the designed multi-octave self-shielding compact magnetic circuit, and analyzes and calculates the distribution of the magnetic circuit and air gap magnetic field, such as Shown in Figures 4 and 5. The simulation analyzes the magnetization state and magnetic flux density state of each area of the composite magnetic circuit (including the air gap magnetic field).

The focus of the magnetic field uniform zone simulation design is to determine the strong magnetic field gradient distribution in the working area when operating in the KU band, and to determine the uniform zone area and corresponding electrode size that meet the requirements of the resonant circuit. In the design of structural parameters, the focus is on optimizing the magnetic concentrator taper, air gap area, pole area and other parts that affect linearity and magnetic field strength. The accurate magnetic field distribution in each area obtained under different magnetic circuit structure conditions is used to analyze the magnetic field distribution, magnetic flux leakage and various factors that affect the uniformity, consistency and linearity of the air gap operating magnetic field. Analyze the key points that affect the magnetic field distribution and the areas prone to saturation, and adjust the magnetic circuit structure and magnetic pole head size to improve the magnetic flux density distribution and the magnetization characteristics of the areas prone to saturation, thereby achieving optimal simulation of the magnetic circuit structure.

Based on the simulation analysis of the air gap working magnetic field distribution in the multi-octave magnetic circuit system, the effects of the magnetic circuit structure, magnetic path wrapping, working air gap, and the inclination angle of the magnetic pole head on the magnetic field are obtained. The unique transient simulation dynamics Analyze the internal heat distribution of the magnetic circuit to ensure the linearity and uniformity of the magnetic circuit under dynamic tuning conditions, and form design size parameters to complete key device material matching and performance design.

The above-described embodiments only express specific implementation modes of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the technical solution of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

This Background section is provided to generally present the context of the invention, the work of the inventors currently named, the work to the extent described in this Background section, and the description in this section that does not constitute prior art at the time of filing. aspects are neither expressly nor implicitly admitted to be prior art to the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-octave filter component, characterized in that, based on the concept of a multi-octave bandpass filter component based on a three-level resonator, five-level high-selectivity filter coupling technology is used, and inside the exciter Carry out the design of analog and digital combined compensation, and integrate the multi-octave filter and digital-analog compensation exciter to form a multi-octave filter component. 2. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes: an exciter upper cavity (1) and an exciter lower cavity (2); the exciter upper cavity (1) An upper magnetic circuit assembly is connected to the top, and a lower magnetic circuit assembly is connected to the lower cavity (2) of the actuator at a position corresponding to the upper magnetic circuit assembly. The lower cavity (2) of the actuator is provided with There is a sampling resistor plate (3) and a control circuit (4). A low-frequency connector (5) is also connected to the outside of the lower cavity (2) of the exciter. 3. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper magnetic circuit assembly includes: an upper magnetic circuit housing (6) connected to the exciter upper cavity (1) ), the upper magnetic circuit housing (6) is provided with a coil (8), a dielectric cavity assembly (9) and ferrite. 4. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower magnetic circuit assembly includes: a lower magnetic circuit housing (7) connected to the lower cavity (2) of the exciter ), the lower magnetic circuit housing (7) is provided with a coil (8), a dielectric cavity assembly (9) and ferrite; the lower cavity (2) of the exciter is externally connected to a radio frequency connector (10) . 5. A multi-octave filter component according to claim 4, characterized in that the control circuit (4) includes: CNC drive control circuit (4) and analog compensation circuit and digital compensation circuit connected to the CNC drive control circuit (4); the analog compensation circuit and digital compensation circuit are used to control changes in the dielectric cavity component (9) to achieve filtering The frequency of the converter changes to achieve broadband filtering of 2-18GHz in the same magnetic circuit. 6. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that it also includes a base plate (11), and the exciter lower cavity (2) is installed on the base plate (11). 7. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 4, wherein the ferrite is a large-size iron-nickel alloy with high magnetic permeability and wide temperature range. 8. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the preparation method of the large-size iron-nickel alloy is as follows: Step S1: Carry out reasonable batching of raw materials; Step S2: Carry out vacuum hot pressing process; Step S3: Carry out vacuum melting process; Step S4: Perform a vacuum annealing process to obtain a large-size iron-nickel alloy. 9. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that in step S2, vacuum induction furnace smelting and reasonable deoxidation system, inclusion denaturation treatment technology and pouring method are used to minimize the Reduce non-metallic inclusions and gas content in alloys and control inclusion types. 10. A multi-octave filter assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that in step S3, the annealing temperature, annealing holding time, annealing mode and The annealing cooling rate can be used to obtain a better alloy structure and improve the alloy's magnetic properties.