CN105743491B - Microwave source system and its Microwave Diagnostics System based on filtering feedback locking phase - Google Patents
Microwave source system and its Microwave Diagnostics System based on filtering feedback locking phase Download PDFInfo
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- CN105743491B CN105743491B CN201410741688.9A CN201410741688A CN105743491B CN 105743491 B CN105743491 B CN 105743491B CN 201410741688 A CN201410741688 A CN 201410741688A CN 105743491 B CN105743491 B CN 105743491B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave source systems based on filtering feedback locking phase, it include the filtering feedback circuit for generating microwave signal, the filtering feedback circuit includes bandpass filter, first microwave power amplifier and directional coupler, the output end of the bandpass filter is connect with the input terminal of first microwave power amplifier, the output end of first microwave power amplifier is connect with the input terminal of the directional coupler, the coupled output of the directional coupler is connect with the input terminal of the bandpass filter, the output end of the directional coupler is exported for microwave.The invention also discloses microwave measurement systems and plasma microwave diagnostic system including the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase, the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase of the present invention makees positive feedback microwave circuit using bandpass filter, make system resonance in the bandwidth of bandpass filter, to make the working frequency of the microwave source system of the present invention only be controlled by filtering feedback circuit, frequency stability is high, and system structure is simple, at low cost, easy care.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwaves, and field more particularly to a kind of microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase, this hair occurs
It is bright further relate to include the microwave source system Microwave Diagnostics System.
Background technology
Plasma microwave diagnosis can measure electron temperature and electron density distribution, turbulent flow inside high-temperature plasma
With the important parameters such as rotary speed, when work, will not influence the operation of plasma as the diagnostic systems such as probe,
Good localized measurement performance makes magnetic confinement fusion pilot plasma and studies important one of measurement means.
In a Microwave Diagnostics System, microwave source system is most important component part, has been developed at present micro- there are many type
Wave source system, including backward wave tube, gyrotron, klystron, EIO microwave tubes, microwave solid-state circuit, microwave synthetic source etc..Wherein, backward wave
The microwave sources such as pipe, EIO pipes and klystron, need complicated high-pressure system and control system.The short life of backward wave tube, usually only
There is the service life of a hour more than 1,000.The frequency stability of the microwave sources such as backward wave tube, gyrotron, klystron and EIO microwave tubes all compares
Difference is not suitable for being directly used in plasma turbulence measurement.The output frequency of solid state microwave pipe is fixed, and adjustable extent is smaller, but logical
Normal output power is small；Microwave synthetic source generally uses constant-temperature crystal oscillator from low frequency locking phase, and gradually frequency multiplication is needed to microwave operational frequencies
Want complicated filtering, frequency multiplication, isolation and amplifying circuit, systematic comparison complicated.These above-mentioned microwave systems are mostly expensive,
Care and maintenance is difficult.
Invention content
Present invention solves the technical problem that be existing microwave source system because one or more of there are the following problems from
And it cannot be satisfied the problem of needing：Complicated, short life, frequency stability are poor, expensive, care and maintenance is difficult, into
And provide a kind of simple in structure, long lifespan, frequency stability it is high, it is at low cost, be easy to safeguard and mutually make an uproar low based on filtering feedback
The microwave source system of locking phase.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
Microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase includes the filtering feedback circuit for generating microwave signal, described
Filtering feedback circuit includes bandpass filter, the first microwave power amplifier and directional coupler, the bandpass filter it is defeated
Outlet is connect with the input terminal of first microwave power amplifier, the output end of first microwave power amplifier with it is described
The input terminal of directional coupler connects, and the coupled output of the directional coupler and the input terminal of the bandpass filter connect
It connects, the output end of the directional coupler is exported for microwave.
Preferably, the filtering feedback circuit further includes microwave cavity, and the microwave cavity is connected to the orientation
Between the coupled output of coupler and the input terminal of the bandpass filter.
Preferably, the filtering feedback circuit further includes the isolator for preventing parasitic reflection, the isolator setting
Between the coupled output and the input terminal of the microwave cavity of the directional coupler.
Preferably, the filtering feedback circuit further includes adjustable phase shifter, and the adjustable phase shifter is connected to the band logical
Between the output end of filter and the input terminal of first microwave power amplifier.
Preferably, the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase include different frequency array of band-pass filters and
For selecting shelves of the bandpass filter of different operating frequency as the bandpass filter from the array of band-pass filters
Position selecting switch.
Preferably, the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase further includes power range system, and the power is defeated
It includes antenna and the second microwave power amplifier to go out system, and the antenna is connect with the output end of the directional coupler, described
Second microwave power amplifier is arranged between the antenna and the output end of the directional coupler.
Preferably, the power range system further includes wide-band microwave isolator, and the wide-band microwave isolator setting exists
Between the antenna and second microwave power amplifier.
Preferably, the power range system further includes monitoring coupler and microwave monitoring system, the monitoring coupler
It is arranged between second microwave power amplifier and the wide-band microwave isolator, the coupled end coupling of the monitoring coupler
Unify road to the microwave monitoring system.
The present invention also provides a kind of plasma microwaves including the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase to examine
Disconnected system, the plasma microwave diagnostic system further includes microwave receiving system, and the microwave receiving system receives the base
Emit and pass through the microwave of testing medium in the microwave source system of filtering feedback locking phase, realizes microwave diagnostics function.
Preferably, the through-hole of the size much smaller than the microwave cavity is provided in the microwave cavity.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The present invention is based on the microwave source systems of filtering feedback locking phase to make positive feedback microwave circuit using bandpass filter, make be
Uniting, (in the scheme for being provided with microwave cavity, system resonance is in microwave cavity in the bandwidth of bandpass filter for resonance
In intrinsic frequency), i.e., by bandpass filter locking phase, to make the working frequency of the microwave source system of the present invention only be returned by resonance
Road controls, and frequency stability is high, and need not be also not required to as crystal oscillator synthetic source through many times frequency multiplication, filtering and power amplification
High-pressure system in the microwave sources such as backward wave tube and complicated control system are set, and system structure is simple.Due to only having in system
First microwave power amplifier is active device, so that the microwave source system lifetim of the present invention is longer, cost is lower, dimension
Shield is also simpler.And the output power of the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase of the present invention is by the first microwave amplifier
1dB compression point power decisions disclosure satisfy that high-power output when using HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES amplifier.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase of the present invention；
When Fig. 2 is that bandpass filter is respectively 23GHz and 37GHz, phase that microwave measurement system of the invention measures
Noise；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the microwave cavity in one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the optional microwave source system of frequency in one embodiment of the present of invention；
In figure：
1- microwave cavities, 2- bandpass filters, 3- adjustable phase shifters, the first microwave power amplifiers of 4-, 5- orient coupling
Clutch, 6- isolators, the second microwave power amplifiers of 7-, 8- monitoring coupler, 9- microwave monitoring systems, 10- wide-band microwaves every
It is micro- from device, 11- antennas, 13- through-holes, 14- testing mediums, 15- input terminal microwave couplings pole, 16- input ports, 17- output ends
Wave couples pole, 18- output ports, 19- GSS Gear Select Switch.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention and advantageous effect are further illustrated in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
In the present invention, so-called " first ", " second " do not represent any precedence relationship in logic, it is only for area
Two identical components that subsystem includes.
As shown in Figure 1, the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase of the present invention, includes for generating microwave signal
Filtering feedback circuit, filtering feedback circuit include bandpass filter 2, the first microwave power amplifier 4 and directional coupler 5, band
The output end of bandpass filter 2 is connect with the input terminal of the first microwave power amplifier 4, the output of the first microwave power amplifier 4
End is connect with the input terminal of directional coupler 5, and the coupled output of directional coupler 5 is connect with the input terminal of bandpass filter 2,
The output end of directional coupler 5 is exported for microwave.
Wherein, the first microwave power amplifier 4 is used to amplify the resonant frequency of the generation of bandpass filter 2, it is desirable that first is micro-
The gain of Power Amplifier 4 is greater than the loss in entire filtering feedback circuit, usually requires that gain is more than 20dB.Meanwhile it filtering
The output power of wave backfeed loop by the first microwave power amplifier 4 1dB compression points power decision, consider the insertion of system
Loss, it is usually smaller about 1dB than 1dB compression point power.
The Partial Power Coupled Feedback that directional coupler 5 is used to export the first microwave power amplifier 4 is to bandpass filtering
Device 2 usually requires that the degree of coupling 10 arrives 20dB, and isolation is more than 20dB.
The microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase of the present invention utilizes the compositions such as bandpass filter, microwave amplifier
Filtering feedback circuit generates microwave signal, is exported from the output end of directional coupler 5, and microwave source system of the invention can export
Stable microwave power.
In the present invention, filtering feedback circuit further includes microwave cavity 1, and microwave cavity 1 is connected to directional coupler 5
Between coupled output and the input terminal of bandpass filter 2, when the bandwidth of bandpass filter 2 is intrinsic humorous much larger than resonant cavity 1
When vibration frequency, system is operated on the natural resonance frequency of resonant cavity 1, so as to the parameter by adjusting microwave cavity 1, is adjusted
The frequency for saving the output of microwave source system specifically using the resonance performance of microwave cavity 1, changes the size of cavity, to change
Become resonant frequency, the output frequency to realize system is adjustable, when it is implemented, can design one in microwave cavity 1 can
The knob for adjusting cavity size, to easily change the size of cavity.It is (flat that high quality factor Q may be used in microwave cavity 1
Equal energy storage/average energy consumption, size can be calculated according to common knowledge according to the shape and size of waveguide) rectangular waveguide
Chamber or circular waveguide chamber, to improve system effectiveness.Bandpass filter 2 can filter out the non-master wave frequency of the generation of microwave cavity 1
Rate, such as higher hamonic wave and unwanted oscillation.
In the present invention, filtering feedback circuit can also include the isolator 6 for preventing parasitic reflection, and isolator 6 is arranged
Between the coupled output and the input terminal of microwave cavity 1 of directional coupler 5.It is posted to prevent circuit from generating as far as possible
Raw reflection, and then the working frequency of resonant cavity is influenced, so that the working frequency of system larger drift is occurred, isolator 6 should be as possible
Selection high-isolation (>Microwave isolator 20dB).
In the present invention, filtering feedback circuit can also include adjustable phase shifter 3, and adjustable phase shifter 3 is connected to bandpass filtering
Between the output end and the input terminal of microwave power amplifier 4 of device 2.Adjustable phase shifter 3 is mainly used for working frequency fine tuning：It can
It adjusts phase shifter 3 to be operated near resonant cavity intrinsic frequency, the microwave phase shift of 0-360 degree can be generated, by adjusting Adjustable Phase Shift
Device can change microwave operational frequencies in a certain range.Adjustable phase shifter 3 can also assist this hair under certain specific condition
Starting of oscillation of the bright microwave source system in resonant frequency.
The microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase of the present invention can also include power range system, power output system
System includes antenna 11, and antenna system 11 is mainly used for exporting microwave, and antenna 11 is connect with the output end of directional coupler 5.
Power range system can also include the second microwave power amplifier 7, and the second microwave power amplifier 7 is arranged in day
Between line 11 and the output end of directional coupler 5.Microwave power amplifier 7 is mainly used for driving the output work in filtering feedback circuit
Rate, after filtering feedback circuit carries out power amplification by the microwave that directional coupler 5 exports by the second microwave power amplifier 7
It exports to antenna 11.
In the present invention, wide-band microwave isolator 10, wide-band microwave isolator 10 can also be set in power range system
It is arranged between antenna 11 and the second microwave power amplifier 7.Wide-band microwave isolator 10 is mainly used for preventing launching circuit from producing
Raw parasitic reflection, and then influence the intrinsic working frequency in filtering feedback circuit.
In order to measure the frequency and power of microwave source system output of the invention, the setting monitoring coupling in power range system
Clutch 8 and microwave monitoring system 9, the setting of monitoring coupler 8 the second microwave power amplifier 7 and wide-band microwave isolator 10 it
Between, microwave monitoring system 9 is given in the coupled end coupling of monitoring coupler 8 all the way.Microwave source monitoring system can show the present invention's
The frequency and changed power of microwave source output, in order to carry out frequency trim using adjustable phase shifter 3.
In the present invention, only have bandpass filter 2, the first microwave power amplifier 4 and directional couple in filtering feedback circuit
Device 5 constitute embodiment in, system is compacter and economical, still, at this point, bandpass filter 2 need only to work it is required
On output frequency, the microwave with higher gain and higher 1dB compression points power can be selected in the first microwave power amplifier 4
Power amplifier, directional coupler 5 needs have higher isolation, to prevent parasitic reflection, specifically, the increasing of amplifier
Benefit needs to be more than the loss for being closed resonant tank, and the output power of the 1dB compression point power decision systems of amplifier can be according to work(
Rate output requires selection, the selection of other specific devices, those skilled in the art that can be completed according to common knowledge.
On the basis of the microwave source system of the present invention, by as shown in figure 4, increasing the bandpass filter 2 of different frequency
Array, GSS Gear Select Switch 19 select the bandpass filter of different operating frequency, make microwave source using GSS Gear Select Switch 19
System realizes the microwave frequency output needed.
The microwave source system of the present invention can replace valence in some cases as the local vibration source of Microwave Diagnostics System
The higher synthetic source of lattice or solid-state oscillator.On the basis of the microwave source system of the present invention, increase in microwave measurement system
The microwave receiving system used is needed, such as detection or mixing system, reception emits from this system and passes through testing medium
Microwave, you can realize microwave interference or Microwave reflection measurement, to emit microwave using the microwave source system of the present invention, measure
The reflection of testing medium or interference signal.
The microwave source system of the present invention can also utilize the speed and quality of the performance measurement moving medium of resonant cavity 1, tool
For body, the structure appropriate reconstruction to microwave cavity 1 is needed, by as shown in figure 3, being opened up in microwave cavity 1 remote small
In the through-hole of the size of microwave cavity 1, the resonance performance of microwave cavity 1 can be utilized, by measuring across microwave resonance
The caused frequency of the moving medium of chamber 1 changes, and can measure the speed and quality of the moving medium by microwave cavity 1,
So as to so that the microwave source system of the present invention is applied to Microwave Diagnostics System and measures the speed and matter of high-speed motion medium
Amount.When measurement, quality to be measured was penetrated rapidly to the microwave cavity 1 by through-hole, and measured Microwave Frequency Source output frequency
The time of variation, frequency variation is time of the medium by resonant cavity, you can acquires the speed of medium motion, the variable quantity of frequency
It is related with the dielectric constant of medium and volume, it, can be in the hope of the quality of the medium in the case of known media density.
1 a kind of microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Operation principle：
Microwave cavity 1, bandpass filter 2, adjustable phase shifter 3, the first microwave power amplifier 4,5 and of directional coupler
Isolator 6 constitutes filtering feedback circuit, is essentially the positive-feedback circuit of the first microwave amplifier 4, the band designed in circuit
Pass filter and isolator make the loop works in the resonant frequency of microwave cavity 1.By adjusting adjustable phase shifter 3, make back
The resonant frequency on road can also change in limited range, while may also be advantageous for the starting of oscillation of filtering feedback circuit.
Backfeed loop exports microwave by directional coupler, after carrying out power amplification by the second microwave power amplifier 7
It exports to microwave antenna system 11.The frequency and power that system 10 exports come measuring system are monitored by microwave source, and is shown in real time
Show the frequency and changed power of microwave source output.In order to which the working frequency of system is adjusted to required using adjustable phase shifter 3
On the frequency point wanted.
Since the microwave cavity 1 that system uses high quality factor Q makees feedback control, the phase noise of output frequency can
Preferably to be inhibited, to keep the phase noise of the microwave source system of the present invention low, Fig. 2 is that bandpass filter is respectively
23GHz (in figure below a line) and when 37GHz (line above in figure), is made an uproar using the phase that present system measures
Sound.When frequency deviation is 100kHz, the phase noise of the circuit system output constituted with 23GHz bandpass filters is 102dBc/Hz@
The phase noise of 100kHz, the circuit system output constituted with 37GHz bandpass filters are 91dBc/Hz@100kHz, substantially
The noise level of constant-temperature crystal oscillator locking phase microwave source is reached.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing and implement to be explained in detail the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiments
Son can also be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art
Go out various change.The prior art may be used in the content not being described in detail in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase, it is characterised in that：It include the filtering feedback for generating microwave signal
Circuit, the filtering feedback circuit include bandpass filter (2), the first microwave power amplifier (4) and directional coupler (5),
The output end of the bandpass filter (2) is connect with the input terminal of first microwave power amplifier (4), first microwave
The output end of power amplifier (4) is connect with the input terminal of the directional coupler (5), the coupling of the directional coupler (5)
Output end is connect with the input terminal of the bandpass filter (2), and the output end of the directional coupler (5) is exported for microwave；
The filtering feedback circuit further includes microwave cavity (1), and the microwave cavity (1) is connected to the directional coupler
(5) between coupled output and the input terminal of the bandpass filter (2).
2. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filtering feedback circuit
Further include for preventing the isolator of parasitic reflection (6), coupling of isolator (6) setting in the directional coupler (5)
Between output end and the input terminal of the microwave cavity (1).
3. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The filtering feedback circuit
Further include adjustable phase shifter (3), the adjustable phase shifter (3) is connected to the output end of the bandpass filter (2) and described the
Between the input terminal of one microwave power amplifier (4).
4. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase includes the array of band-pass filters of different frequency and is used for from the bandpass filtering
Select the bandpass filter of different operating frequency as the GSS Gear Select Switch (19) of the bandpass filter (2) in device array.
5. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described to be based on filtering feedback
The microwave source system of locking phase further includes power range system, and the power range system includes antenna (11) and the second microwave power
Amplifier (7), the antenna (11) connect with the output end of the directional coupler (5), second microwave power amplifier
(7) it is arranged between the antenna (11) and the output end of the directional coupler (5).
6. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The power range system
Further include wide-band microwave isolator (10), wide-band microwave isolator (10) setting is micro- in the antenna (11) and described second
Between Power Amplifier (7).
7. the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The power range system
Further include monitoring coupler (8) and microwave monitoring system (9), the monitoring coupler (8) is arranged in second microwave power
Between amplifier (7) and the wide-band microwave isolator (10), the coupled end coupling of the monitoring coupler (8) is all the way to described
Microwave monitoring system (9).
8. including the plasma microwave of the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase described in any one of claim 1 to 7
Diagnostic system, it is characterised in that：The plasma microwave diagnostic system further includes microwave receiving system, the microwave receiving system
System receives the microwave source system transmitting based on filtering feedback locking phase and by the microwave of testing medium, realizes microwave diagnostics work(
Energy.
9. the plasma microwave diagnostic system of the microwave source system based on filtering feedback locking phase as claimed in claim 8, special
Sign is：The through-hole (13) much smaller than the size of the microwave cavity (1) is provided in the microwave cavity (1).
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108490763B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2024-03-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Microwave power stabilizing device |
| CN109640501B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-04-02 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | System and method for diagnosing non-uniform plasma electron density |
| TWI692934B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-05-01 | 南韓商暐寶皮亞股份有限公司 | Power oscillator using GaN power amplifier |
| CN112566348B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-02-15 | 大连理工大学 | Dual-band multi-beam microwave diagnosis system for electron density disturbance localized measurement |
| CN113125794A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-16 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Target pill speed measuring system based on microwave double-resonant cavity technology |
| CN115276832B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2024-02-09 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Multi-point frequency broadband microwave diagnosis system based on double comb frequencies |
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