CN117711571B - Blood sugar management and detection system for gestational diabetes patients - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a blood sugar management and detection system for gestational diabetes patients. The blood sugar management detection system for gestational diabetes patients comprises: the cloud server is used for acquiring blood sugar information, diet information and/or movement information of a patient, and is in signal connection with the user, and is configured to: and outputting diet advice and/or exercise advice for the user according to the fluctuation range of the blood glucose value before and after the meal and the time period for the blood glucose value to return to the preset range. According to the invention, the index capable of reflecting the blood sugar regulation capability of the patient is selected as the basis of diet advice and exercise advice, and the diet advice and/or the exercise advice matched with the physical condition of the patient are selected so that the blood sugar in the later life of the patient can be maintained within the normal level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent medical treatment, belongs to the technical field of information and communication for specially processing medical or health data, and particularly relates to a blood sugar management and detection system for gestational diabetes patients, in particular to a home blood sugar management and detection system for gestational diabetes patients.
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM) refers to a condition that does not develop diabetes before pregnancy but develops hyperglycemia in gestation, which is diabetes that first occurs due to abnormal glucose metabolism of maternal after pregnancy, and is one of common complications in gestation.
The normal range of the fasting blood glucose of the pregnant women is 3.1-5.6 mmol/L, and the fasting blood glucose of the pregnant women in middle and late stages is obviously lower than that of the pregnant women in early pregnancy, because all nutrient substances of the fetus come from the mother body. The energy required by the gestational fetus mainly comes from glucose, the glucose is the raw material for synthesizing glycogen and fat during the growth process of the fetus, the sugar amount required by the fetus during the growth process is continuously changed along with the time course, the blood sugar of the gestational woman is correspondingly changed, and the gestational woman is particularly obvious in middle and late stages of pregnancy. In early gestation, placenta estrogen secretion increases, islets gradually increase, and beta cells proliferate, thus promoting continuous insulin secretion. The content of insulin in blood gradually rises, the sensitivity of insulin is also improved, and the utilization of glucose is continuously improved under the action of insulin. For early pregnant women, the blood sugar of the pregnant women is 3.0-3.3 mmol/L under the condition that the pregnant women are in a fasting state. Until the middle and late stage of pregnancy, the fetus is in the critical period of development, the appetite of the pregnant woman is gradually increased, the early pregnancy reaction is gradually relieved, the insulin secretion speed is gradually increased, the placenta gradually secretes human chorionic gonadotrophin, placental prolactin and other steroid hormones, the secretion amount of pituitary prolactin and glucagon in the pregnant woman is also increased, and the inhibition effect of insulin is increased. In late pregnancy, the substances antagonizing insulin in the pregnant woman are increased, the sensitivity of the pregnant woman body to insulin decreases with the increase of the gestational period, the insulin secretion is relatively insufficient to cause the corresponding decrease of the ability to inhibit the rise of blood sugar, and for the pregnant woman with limited insulin secretion, the physiological change cannot be compensated in gestation, so that gestational diabetes occurs.
In recent years, the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus has a tendency to be obviously increased in China. Gestational diabetes is an important risk factor for causing gestational hypertension, excessive amniotic fluid, poor gestational outcome such as emergency caesarean section and the like, fetal malformation, large children, neonatal hypoglycemia and the like.
Current outpatient blood glucose management modes lack global nature, when pregnant women are determined to be gestational diabetes rather than having to be hospitalized, they are usually at home to reduce blood glucose by adjusting dietary structure and increasing exercise, and when pregnant women are periodically checked, doctors can only acquire the blood glucose check result and cannot know the blood glucose fluctuation condition of the pregnant women in daily life. When pregnant women go to a hospital for obstetric examination at a fixed time, if abnormal blood sugar is found, the pregnant women or their families cannot accurately describe the diet or exercise condition of the patient, and accordingly, suggestions given by doctors are lack of pertinence. The prior art, such as the Chinese patent application with publication number of CN109692007A, provides a gestational blood glucose monitoring system based on blood glucose monitoring, which comprises a real-time dynamic blood glucose monitoring device, a dynamic blood glucose monitoring workstation and a blood glucose intelligent analysis server. Although the invention solves the problem that pregnant women need to go to a hospital to measure blood sugar at regular intervals and can provide relevant blood sugar analysis reports so that relevant personnel can timely process the blood sugar, only blood sugar detection results and whether the blood sugar control effect is effective can be given in the aspect of blood sugar feedback. When blood glucose test results or glucose control effects are obtained, it is often very confusing for pregnant women and families how to adjust the dietary structure, and how to combine exercise to lower blood glucose later. Pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes are very sensitive to the sugar content of ingested foods, particularly staple foods with high sugar content, and the ingestion amount has very obvious influence on the blood sugar of the pregnant women, so that the pregnant diabetics need to ensure the diet nutrition in terms of diet, and also need to reasonably monitor the diet amount and the sugar content in the diet so as to ensure the health of the pregnant women and the normal development of fetuses.
The prior art cannot provide targeted dietary or exercise advice for pregnant women based on the detection results. In addition, the change of emotion of the pregnant woman can also influence the blood sugar, during the sugar control period, the intake of the carbohydrate is reduced uniformly, the change of emotion of the pregnant woman is ignored, and the pregnant woman can have the phenomenon of low emotion due to the reduction of the intake of the carbohydrate, so that the blood sugar greatly fluctuates. The prior art can not control the blood sugar of pregnant women by pertinently combining blood sugar detection results, emotion change, diet adjustment and exercise intervention, so that the obtained sugar control effect is poor.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a lot of documents and patents while making the present invention, the text is not limited to details and contents of all but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, but the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the right of the related prior art is added.
Disclosure of Invention
The prior art has developed technical solutions for health management of gestational diabetes. For example, patent document publication No. CN114743673a discloses a health management method and apparatus for gestational diabetes and an electronic device, wherein the health management method for gestational diabetes includes: acquiring personal basic information and exercise tabu information of a target user, and pushing a diet catering scheme and a pregnancy exercise strategy to the target user based on the personal basic information and the exercise tabu information. According to the technical scheme, the diet catering scheme and the pregnancy movement strategy are pushed to the target user in an interactive mode with the target user, so that the purpose of active health management of the target user is achieved, and timely professional diet guidance and professional movement guidance are provided for the target user, so that the occurrence probability of complications of gestational diabetes patients is greatly reduced. However, the dietary distribution scheme and the pregnancy exercise strategy pushing in the technical scheme can only formulate corresponding dietary distribution scheme and pregnancy exercise strategy according to personal basic information and exercise tabu information of a patient through static data information, so that the influence degree of the obtained dietary distribution scheme and pregnancy exercise strategy on currently detected blood glucose data of the patient cannot be effectively evaluated, and especially diet suggestions and exercise suggestions capable of keeping blood glucose in a normal level cannot be obtained according to the blood glucose regulation capability index of the patient.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a blood sugar management and detection system for gestational diabetes patients, which comprises the following components:
A user side for acquiring blood sugar information, diet information and/or movement information of a patient, and a cloud server in signal connection with the user side,
The cloud server is configured to:
And outputting diet advice and/or exercise advice for the user according to the fluctuation range of the blood glucose value before and after the meal and the time period for the blood glucose value to return to the preset range.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can acquire the blood sugar regulating capability of the patient through the blood sugar changes of different stages of the patient, and output corresponding diet advice and/or exercise advice of the user according to the blood sugar regulating capability of different patients. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to provide specific diet and exercise advice based on blood glucose monitoring results reflecting the blood glucose regulation capabilities of different patients to maintain the stability of the patient's blood glucose. Specifically, the beneficial effect of this technical scheme: blood sugar control of gestational diabetics is very important, and the blood sugar change trend of the gestational diabetics needs to be monitored in the whole pregnancy and a period of time after delivery, so that poor blood sugar control can influence the health of the gestational diabetics and the fetus. Except for special cases where medication is needed, gestational diabetics typically monitor and control blood glucose by themselves at home. Current conventional methods of controlling blood glucose are diet control methods, where daily diet selection and meal size increase significantly the challenges of patients and their families. The prior art does not provide specific diet and exercise advice based on the patient's blood glucose monitoring results, and even if the patient knows that diet control is required or exercise is required after blood glucose measurement, the patient and family members typically do not have specific diet and exercise directions. In addition, the existing blood glucose detection system has the following working modes: according to the detected blood sugar value, the disease type, the recommended blood sugar detection frequency and the blood sugar state are output, namely, a patient can only obtain the blood sugar detection result (higher blood sugar, normal blood sugar and lower blood sugar) by using the blood sugar detection system provided by the prior art, and the blood sugar regulation capability of the body of the patient can not be judged according to the blood sugar fluctuation amplitude before and after meal use and the time length of blood sugar recovery. If the patient controls the diet or exercises by only depending on the blood glucose level and neglecting his or her blood glucose regulation ability, hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia may be caused to continue to be too high. For example: when the blood sugar level measured by the patient is higher, the patient controls the blood sugar by reducing the feeding amount and increasing the exercise, and if the blood sugar regulating capacity is ignored, the patient may have hypoglycemia caused by too little feeding amount and excessive exercise.
Unlike the prior art, the application selects advice matching with the physical condition of the patient to enable the blood sugar in the later life of the patient to be maintained within normal level by selecting the index (the change of the blood sugar value before and after meal and the blood sugar recovery time length) capable of reflecting the blood sugar regulation capability of the patient as the basis of diet advice and exercise advice. The diet, the exercise and the blood sugar regulation capacity of the patient are all factors to be considered in blood sugar control, and the technical scheme of the application not only can maintain the blood sugar level of the patient, but also can reduce the condition that the blood sugar fluctuation level of the patient is too large as much as possible, and avoid adverse effects on the fetus caused by unstable blood sugar control. When blood sugar rises, excessive sugar can reach the fetus body through placenta, and the time delay of lung maturation is easily caused by hyperglycemia of the fetus, so that respiratory distress syndrome is easily caused after birth; on the other hand, excess sugar is stored in the body of the fetus, and this process consumes a large amount of oxygen to cause hypoxia in the fetus. In blood glucose control, it is necessary to maintain blood glucose within a normal range and to minimize the number of large fluctuations in blood glucose. Some patients control their blood sugar by diet and exercise, but they do not consider their blood sugar regulating ability, and when they detect a high blood sugar level, they reduce staple food intake or exercise a lot of time, but they feel very hungry after diet or exercise control, in which case they may eat too much, resulting in a large blood sugar fluctuation amplitude, and long-term, large blood sugar fluctuation may affect fetal health. The application provides diet and exercise advice based on the self blood sugar regulating capability of the patient, can control the blood sugar of the patient, can also control the blood sugar fluctuation times of the patient, and can maintain the stability of the blood sugar of the patient for a long time under the condition of ensuring the sufficient nutrition of the patient and the fetus.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a first fluctuation range and the time for which the blood glucose level is restored to the preset range is a first time length, a diet proposal for reducing the intake ratio of carbohydrates in the diet and reducing the food ratio of a high glycemic index value and a sports proposal for performing a first exercise of an easy type are simultaneously output.
The prior art has developed solutions for delivering exercise advice and diet advice to patients by predicting the trend of the patient's blood glucose changes. For example, patent document CN114141331a discloses an intelligent method and system for assessing and supervising the diet movement of diabetics, wherein the method comprises: and collecting blood sugar data, exercise data and diet data of the patient, correcting the blood sugar data of the patient, predicting the blood sugar change trend of the patient according to the corrected blood sugar data, exercise data and diet data of the patient, issuing exercise advice and diet advice to the patient, and sending early warning information. The technical scheme estimates the real blood sugar data of the patient after eating by combining the real blood sugar data of the patient before eating and the food sugar conversion rate. However, the predicted trend of blood glucose change, which is used to reflect the blood glucose conversion rate of the patient, can only be used to generate initial exercise advice and diet advice, wherein the subjects for predicting the blood glucose trend with respect to the blood glucose conversion rate are different food types. Compared with the prior art, the invention can adjust specific diet advice and exercise advice according to the change condition of the blood sugar value of the patient. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to maintain the stability of a patient's blood glucose by adjusting specific dietary advice and specific configurations between exercise advice. Specifically, the beneficial effect of this technical scheme: the blood glucose difference value between the pre-meal and the post-meal of the user is in a first fluctuation range, and the time for the blood glucose value to return to the preset range is a first time length, which indicates that the self-regulating capability of the blood glucose of the patient is poor. Since the fluctuation range of postprandial blood glucose is large and the time to return to the normal blood glucose range is long, advice to adjust the type of meal, adjust the proportion of meal, and exercise is output to help the patient to better maintain the blood glucose change later. After meals, the blood sugar of patients has large fluctuation range, the blood sugar returns to the normal blood sugar range for a long time, the self-adjusting ability of the patients to adjust the blood sugar level is poor, and the patients have improper diet, which is unfavorable for the patients. In response to the above, the intake ratio of carbohydrate in the patient's diet is reduced (e.g., from 60% to 50%) and after eating the carbohydrate, it can be converted into glucose in blood, which results in easy increase of blood glucose, and at the same time, the ratio of food which easily causes peak of blood glucose in a short period is reduced, and the patient's blood glucose level can be maintained in a normal range and the number of times of excessive fluctuation of blood glucose can be reduced by assisting exercise.
Gestational diabetics control their own blood sugar by diet and exercise, which can adversely affect their ability to regulate their own blood sugar if they do not match. For example: after the proportion of carbohydrates in the diet is reduced, the exercise amount of the patient is too large, so that the blood sugar is too low; or the patient's exercise amount is too large to cause hunger, and then a large amount of food is supplemented, and the blood sugar of the patient shows a large fluctuation condition after the large amount of food is supplemented, and for the patient under the condition, the blood sugar recovery time of the patient is long, and if the blood sugar of the patient keeps large fluctuation for a long time, the illness state can be aggravated, and even pregnancy hypertension is caused, the probability of abortion or premature delivery is increased, and the like.
In the application, diet proposal is to reduce the proportion of carbohydrate and the proportion of food with high glycemic index value so as to reduce the frequency of increasing the fluctuation amplitude of blood sugar, and perform the exercise of a first exercise amount of an easy type, wherein the exercise of the easy type such as walking, yoga and the like is controlled to adapt to the diet adjustment of a patient, and the hypoglycemia of the patient caused by excessive exercise is avoided. In addition, proper exercise can help the patient to better control blood glucose, and on the basis of maintaining blood glucose in a normal range, proper exercise does not cause the patient to be excessively starved, thus reducing the situation of the patient over-supplementing food.
According to a preferred embodiment, the client further comprises an emotion assessment module, and the cloud server is configured to: when the patient performs diet control, the emotion information of the patient is obtained, and diet advice and exercise advice are adjusted and output according to the emotion change of the patient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can adjust corresponding diet advice and exercise advice according to the emotion information when the patient executes the diet advice. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to adjust the corresponding diet advice and exercise advice when the emotional change of the diet control of the patient exceeds the preset state so as to enable the emotional state of the patient to be restored to the preset state. In particular, negative or low-lying emotional manifestations of the patient will often be caused during the diet control process, which is detrimental to the health status of the patient and the fetus. The invention can adjust the matching proportion of the corresponding diet proposal and the exercise proposal according to the emotion information change caused by the diet proposal, so that the emotion state of the patient can be recovered to the healthy emotion state, and the stability of the blood sugar of the patient can be maintained at the same time. The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: due to the reduced carbohydrate intake ratio in diet control, mood is susceptible to being affected when the human body is unable to adapt to changes in diet. During the control of diet, the patient may experience a low mood due to reduced carbohydrate intake, which is important for the healthy growth of the fetus, and therefore the patient's mood needs to be monitored and the output diet and exercise advice adjusted according to the patient's mood changes.
The application not only can combine the self blood sugar regulating ability of the patient to provide diet proposal and exercise proposal for the patient, but also can pay attention to the emotion change of the patient in the diet control process. The emotion change not only can influence the health of a patient and a fetus, but also can influence the detection result of blood sugar, so when the emotion of the patient becomes low or negative, the emotion of the patient is recovered by adjusting the diet, and after the diet is adjusted, the exercise also needs to be correspondingly adjusted by matching with the diet, so that the condition that the blood sugar fluctuation is overlarge due to the fact that the patient is out of the way is avoided.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server is configured to: when the emotional manifestation of the patient is negative, outputting a diet proposal to increase the intake ratio of carbohydrates in the diet and performing an exercise proposal for a second amount of exercise of the resistance type, wherein the second amount of exercise is greater than the first amount of exercise.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: when a patient is monitored for negative mood in diet control, the patient's mood switch may be facilitated by increasing the proportion of carbohydrates in the diet. The carbohydrates are utilized by the brain after decomposition into monosaccharides, and dopamine secretion in the brain is increased, so that increasing the proportion of carbohydrates helps the patient to switch from negative to positive. When the proportion of the carbohydrate is increased, the fluctuation range of the blood sugar of the patient can be correspondingly increased, the blood sugar recovery time can be prolonged, and the coordination of the movement of the resistance type is matched in the case. Resistance exercise improves glycemic control more than light type exercise, and the duration of its glycemic control effect can compensate for light type exercise. While the relaxed type of exercise also helps to control blood glucose levels, it has a shorter duration of action and when the exercise ceases, insulin sensitivity is reduced. The duration of the action time of the resistance type exercise is long, insulin resistance can be effectively improved, and the second exercise amount is larger than the first exercise amount, so that the consumption of redundant sugar in the body is facilitated, and the blood sugar control is facilitated.
According to the technical scheme, the proportion of carbohydrates in the diet is increased to help adjust the emotion of a patient, and although blood sugar fluctuation can be affected to a certain extent, blood sugar can be effectively recovered by means of resistance type exercise of the second exercise quantity. Therefore, the technical scheme can balance the change of emotion and blood sugar, and compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application is more flexible and effective and is more beneficial to controlling blood sugar of patients.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a first fluctuation range, and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is a second time length, the diet proposal for reducing the food proportion of the high blood glucose generation index value and the exercise proposal for performing the first exercise amount of the relaxed type are simultaneously output, wherein the second time length is smaller than the first time length.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the difference between the blood glucose levels before and after a meal is in a first fluctuation range, the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is a second time length, and although the blood glucose fluctuation range of the patient is large, the blood glucose recovery time is short, which means that the blood glucose self-regulating capability of the patient is strong.
The blood sugar fluctuation amplitude of the patient after eating is large, but the self-regulation capability is strong, and the blood sugar can be controlled to be recovered to the normal range in a short time, so that in the diet proposal, the important point can be placed on the diet type, the food proportion with high blood sugar generation index value is reduced to reduce the times of overlarge blood sugar fluctuation amplitude of the patient after eating, meanwhile, only the movement of a first movement quantity is needed to assist the blood sugar control, the blood sugar recovery time of the patient is not long, and if the movement is excessive, the blood sugar reduction can be caused, so that the blood sugar maintenance is not facilitated. If the patient takes too much food due to excessive movement, the frequency of the fluctuation range of blood sugar is increased, and the blood sugar is suddenly increased or reduced.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a second fluctuation range, and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is a first time length, outputting a sport suggestion for performing a first sport amount of a resistance type, wherein the upper limit of the second fluctuation range is smaller than the lower limit of the first fluctuation range.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level of the patient and the preprandial blood glucose level is in a second fluctuation range, the upper limit of the second fluctuation range is smaller than the lower limit of the first fluctuation range, the fluctuation range of the blood glucose of the patient is smaller, but the time for the blood glucose level of the patient to return to the preset range is a first time length, the self-regulation capability of the blood glucose of the patient is poorer, and in this case, the glucose control effect of the body can be improved through resistance type movement. Although the blood sugar fluctuation amplitude of the patient is not large, it is a better choice to be able to maintain blood sugar stability for a long period of time, and therefore, although the blood sugar can be better controlled by performing a resistance type exercise, setting the first exercise amount can avoid the situation that the patient excessively supplements food due to excessive exercise. Under the condition of ensuring that the nutrition of the patient is sufficient, the patient can carry out proper resistance exercise to improve the blood sugar regulating capacity of the patient, and the proper exercise can not cause the patient to hunger too fast to increase appetite, so that the scheme can control the feeding times of the patient on the basis of increasing the sugar control effect, and further reduce the blood sugar fluctuation times caused by feeding.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a second fluctuation range and the blood glucose level is restored to the preset range for a second time length, a movement suggestion for performing a first movement amount of an easy type is output.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the blood sugar difference value before and after the meal of the patient is in the second fluctuation range, the blood sugar recovery time is the second time length, which indicates that the illness state of the user is lighter, the fluctuation range of the blood sugar after the meal is small, and the blood sugar recovery time is shorter. For patients with lighter illness, the first purpose is to maintain blood sugar and keep good emotion, and the adjustment of diet can disturb the diet rule which the patients have adapted to, possibly causing the emotion of the patients to be low, and further causing the blood sugar of the patients to be high or low, which is not beneficial to the healthy development of the fetus.
According to a preferred embodiment, the blood glucose management and detection system further comprises a doctor end, and when the blood glucose value of the patient is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, the cloud server sends early warning information to the doctor end so that the doctor can acquire the illness state information of the patient, and further an timely and effective treatment scheme is provided for the patient.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: because of the limited medical knowledge of most patients and family members, when it occurs that the blood glucose level of the patient is below the lower limit of the predetermined range, the patient and family members are usually confused or in a mess, and do not know how to do the next step. When the blood sugar level is lower than 4 mmol/L, the patients and families should pay attention, and when the blood sugar level is lower than 3 mmol/L, the patients and families must be immediately treated, otherwise abortion can occur. Aiming at the problem, the application can timely feed back the illness state of the patient to the doctor through the cloud server when the blood sugar value of the patient is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the doctor can timely provide a treatment scheme, so that the patient is prevented from delaying the treatment opportunity due to self-adjustment measures without the guidance of the doctor.
According to a preferred embodiment, the doctor side retrieves blood glucose information, diet information and/or exercise information of the patient from the cloud server so that the doctor can grasp objective patient condition changes.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the proposal is particularly suitable for the condition that the patient goes to a hospital for carrying out the examination, when the examination result of the patient is found to be abnormal, doctors can know the conditions of diet, exercise, blood sugar change and the like of the patient in daily life, and the patient or family members can make mistakes or be unclear in description, which is not beneficial for the doctors to judge the illness state of the patient. According to the application, doctors can acquire objective and clear information such as blood sugar changes, diet control and the like in daily life of patients, so that the doctors can grasp real disease changes of the patients, and can timely find out the cause of disease and give out a targeted diagnosis and treatment scheme, thereby avoiding incorrect diagnosis of the doctors caused by unclear description of the patients.
According to a preferred embodiment, the postprandial blood glucose level can be a postprandial blood glucose peak.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the difference value between the blood glucose peak value after meal and the blood glucose value before meal is selected to reflect the blood glucose fluctuation amplitude and the blood glucose self-regulating capacity of the patient. The fluctuation range of the blood sugar can reflect whether the food intake of the patient is proper or not; it also reflects insulin sensitivity in the body, thereby making targeted advice to the patient for better glycemic management.
According to a preferred embodiment, the postprandial blood glucose level can be a blood glucose level half an hour after a meal. According to a preferred embodiment, the blood glucose level after a meal can also be a blood glucose level of 1 hour after a meal.
According to a preferred embodiment, the pre-meal blood glucose level can be a fasting blood glucose level. According to a preferred embodiment, the blood glucose level before a meal can also be the blood glucose level when no meal is taken between two meals.
According to a preferred embodiment, the amount of movement can be characterized by the amount of heat consumed by the movement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a system for blood glucose management and monitoring in a gestational diabetic patient according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic workflow diagram of a blood glucose management test system for gestational diabetics according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the emotion estimation module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
100: A user terminal; 110: an intelligent device; 120: monitoring equipment; 130: a mood assessment module; 200: a cloud server; 300: the doctor's end.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.
The preset range of blood glucose values refers to the normal range of blood glucose variation, and for the blood glucose control standard of gestational diabetes, the preset range of blood glucose values: the blood sugar value in the fasting state is less than 5.3 mmol/L; the blood glucose value after one hour after meal is controlled below 7.8 mmol/L; the blood glucose level after two hours after meal is controlled to be less than 6.7 mmol/L, but the blood glucose level is not less than 4. 4 mmol/L.
The present application classifies emotional manifestations as positive and negative, positive generally referring to pleasure, satisfaction and excitement; negative is often referred to as sad, anxiety, and loss.
An relaxed type of movement generally refers to a low intensity aerobic movement that can last for a longer period of time, such as walking, jogging, yoga, etc.
Resistance type exercise generally refers to exercise of muscles of the human body against resistance, such as resistance belt exercise, pregnancy pray, etc.
The diet information refers to information such as food type, food intake, ratio of different types of foods, etc., such as daily protein, carbohydrate, ratio of fat, daily total food intake, etc.
The blood glucose level information is information such as a blood glucose level measurement value and a blood glucose fluctuation curve of the patient.
The exercise information refers to information such as exercise time, exercise type, exercise amount, etc. of the patient.
The emotion information refers to the emotion change condition or emotion maintaining condition of the patient, such as the patient changing from positive emotion to negative anxiety emotion, the patient maintaining positive emotion for a long time, the patient changing from negative emotion to positive emotion, etc.
Because pregnant women have a high nutritional requirement, when controlling blood glucose levels, they cannot reduce food amount or staple food intake, and not only control blood glucose levels in the body, but also prevent the body from suffering from hypoglycemia or malnutrition. Compared with the prior art, the application can control the blood sugar level, and can also control the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation time of the blood sugar level, thereby avoiding the frequent occurrence of the sudden and low blood sugar change.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a blood glucose management and detection system for gestational diabetes patients, as shown in fig. 1, including a user terminal 100, a cloud server 200 and a doctor terminal 300. According to a preferred embodiment, the client 100 comprises a smart device 110 and a monitoring device 120. Specifically, the smart device 110 can be a smart phone, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, or the like. Specifically, the monitoring device 120 can be a blood glucose monitor. Preferably, the blood glucose monitor is a noninvasive or invasive glucose meter. According to a preferred embodiment, the doctor's end 300 can be a doctor's computer, a doctor's contact device, or a hospital HIS system.
Preferably, the monitoring device 120 can be a dynamic blood glucose monitor (CGM). Dynamic blood glucose monitors use glucose sensors to monitor changes in glucose concentration in subcutaneous interstitial fluid, which can continuously and dynamically detect changes in blood glucose. Preferably, the monitoring device 120 is in signal connection with the smart device 110 to send the monitored blood glucose values to the smart device 110. In daily life, a user obtains a blood glucose value through a blood glucose monitor and records the blood glucose value, and the user can also manually input the blood glucose value to the smart device 110. After measuring the blood glucose level before and after each meal, the intelligent device 110 uploads the blood glucose level to the cloud server 200, and the cloud server 200 analyzes the dynamic blood glucose changes and outputs a daily blood glucose change curve.
Daily blood glucose information, diet information, and/or exercise information of the patient are input into the smart device 110 and uploaded to the cloud server 200. Preferably, the client 100 and the cloud server 200 are in signal connection through a communication module, where the communication module can be any one of WiFi, bluetooth, and Zigbee.
The cloud server 200 outputs diet advice and/or exercise advice to the user according to the fluctuation range of the blood glucose level before and after the patient takes a meal and the length of time for which the blood glucose level is restored to the preset range. The blood glucose level before meal in the present application can be a fasting blood glucose level or a blood glucose level when no meal is taken between two meals. The postprandial blood glucose level can be a postprandial blood glucose peak. The blood sugar fluctuation has deviation, and the peak value and the appearance time of the blood sugar can change correspondingly. Blood glucose increases gradually after 0.5 to 1 hour after meal, and blood glucose is generally highest after meal for 1 hour, but it is necessary to determine the blood glucose in combination with individual differences and specific conditions. According to a preferred embodiment, the postprandial blood glucose level can be a blood glucose level half an hour after a meal. According to a preferred embodiment, the postprandial blood glucose level can be a blood glucose level of 1 hour after a meal.
The extent of fluctuation of the blood glucose level before and after a meal by a patient and the length of time for which the blood glucose level returns to a preset range may occur include: ① The fluctuation range of the blood glucose level before and after meal is large, and the time for the blood glucose level to recover to the preset range is long; ② The fluctuation range of the blood glucose level before and after meal is large, and the time for the blood glucose level to recover to the preset range is short; ③ The fluctuation range of the blood glucose level before and after meal is small, and the time for the blood glucose level to recover to the preset range is long; ④ The fluctuation range of the blood glucose level before and after meal is small, and the time period for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is short. Different conditions may reflect whether the patient's condition is mild, his own blood glucose regulating ability, and the amount and type of food consumed are appropriate. In combination with the fluctuation of the blood glucose level and the recovery time, the cloud server 200 outputs targeted diet and/or exercise advice to the patient's smart device 110.
Fig. 2 is a schematic workflow diagram of a blood glucose management and detection system for gestational diabetics according to the present embodiment.
According to a preferred embodiment, cloud server 200 is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a first fluctuation range and the time for which the blood glucose level is restored to the preset range is a first time length, a diet proposal for reducing the intake ratio of carbohydrates in the diet and reducing the food ratio of a high glycemic index value and a sports proposal for performing a first exercise of an easy type are simultaneously output. This case corresponds to a case where the fluctuation range of the blood glucose level before and after a meal is large and the time period for which the blood glucose level returns to the preset range is long.
The first fluctuation range is, for example, 4-6 mmol/L, and if the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is 5 mmol/L and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is 2.5 hours, the patient is indicated to have improper diet, and the cloud server 200 outputs diet advice and exercise advice according to the blood glucose change condition of the patient. Diet advice: the ratio of carbohydrate is reduced from 60% of the total daily feed to 50%, the carbohydrate is changed from original single refined grain to coarse grain (such as brown rice, oat, rye bread), vegetables such as spinach, tomato, green pepper, balsam pear, etc., fruits such as strawberry, orange, pomelo, kiwi, etc. (reduced high GI foods such as mango, durian, etc.), and meats such as fish, shrimp, beef, chicken, etc. Sports advice such as walk for 20 minutes (80 calories burned), yoga for 20 minutes (100 calories burned). According to a preferred embodiment, the amount of movement can be characterized by the amount of heat consumed by the movement.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server 200 is in signal connection with a meal database (bluetooth, wiFi, etc.) to retrieve food information therein to output meal advice to the patient. The diet database stores food types, food nutrients, food nutritive values, food calories, etc., and thus, the cloud server 200 can output a diet guide or a diet collocation suitable for different patients.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cloud server 200 is in signal connection with a sports digital database (bluetooth, wiFi, etc.) to retrieve sports information therein and to output sports advice for the patient. The exercise digital database contains heat consumption information of various exercise types (running, riding, yoga, pray, climbing, and the like) and corresponding exercises. The cloud server 200 may retrieve the athletic information in the athletic digital database to provide personalized athletic advice to the patient.
According to a preferred embodiment, the client 100 further comprises an emotion assessment module 130, the cloud server 200 being configured to: when the patient performs diet control, the emotion information of the patient is obtained, and the output diet advice and exercise advice are adjusted according to the emotion change of the patient.
Preferably, the intelligent device 110 of the user terminal 100 is provided with an emotion assessment module 130, and the emotion assessment module 130 obtains the emotion of the patient through a camera, a feature extraction part, an emotion judgment part and a storage part of the intelligent device 110, as shown in fig. 3. Specifically, the camera acquires a facial image of the patient, the feature extraction unit extracts a preset feature amount from the facial image by image processing, the emotion judgment unit maps the extracted feature amount with facial behavior features having a correspondence with emotion stored in advance in the storage unit, and finally outputs emotion information of the patient. The feature quantity in the facial image includes eyebrows, eyelids, and mouths, and the facial behavior feature having a correspondence relationship with emotion stored in the storage section includes eyebrow up, eyebrow down, mouth corner up, mouth corner down, eyelid hard straight, pout, dimple, and the like, and the facial behavior feature having a correspondence relationship with emotion can be used to judge the emotion type of the patient, such as mouth corner up, dimple representing happy, positive emotion; the mouth angle pull-down, the pout, represents sad, negative emotion, not specifically illustrated herein.
According to a preferred embodiment, cloud server 200 is configured to: when the emotional manifestation of the patient is negative, outputting a diet proposal to increase the intake ratio of carbohydrates in the diet and performing an exercise proposal for a second amount of exercise of the resistance type, wherein the second amount of exercise is greater than the first amount of exercise.
When the patient develops a negative emotion due to controlling the diet, the diet advice output by the cloud server 200 can be: the carbohydrate intake ratio was increased to 65% and the patient increased the prasugrel exercise (consuming 200 calories) for 40 minutes. To consume excess sugar in the body and increase the body's glycemic effect, the exercise output by the cloud server 200 is suggested to be a drag type exercise while increasing the amount of exercise to cope with the case where the intake ratio of carbohydrates is increased.
According to a preferred embodiment, cloud server 200 is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a first fluctuation range, and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is a second time length, the diet proposal for reducing the food proportion of the high blood glucose generation index value and the exercise proposal for performing the first exercise amount of the relaxed type are simultaneously output, wherein the second time length is smaller than the first time length.
If the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is 5 mmol/L and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is 1.5 hours, it is indicated that the patient may not eat properly, and the blood glucose fluctuation amplitude is too large, but the blood glucose regulation level is relatively good. The cloud server 200 outputs diet advice and exercise advice according to the blood glucose change condition of the patient. Diet advice: the carbohydrate is replaced by coarse food grain (such as brown rice, oat, rye bread), vegetables such as herba Spinaciae, fructus Lycopersici Esculenti, fructus Zanthoxyli, fructus Momordicae Charantiae, etc., fruits such as strawberry, fructus Citri Junoris, fructus Citri Grandis, fructus Actinidiae chinensis, etc., and meat such as fish, shrimp, beef, chicken, etc. Sports advice such as slow walking for 20 minutes (80 calories burned), pregnant gymnastics for 20 minutes (100 calories burned).
According to a preferred embodiment, cloud server 200 is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a second fluctuation range, and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is a first time length, outputting a sport suggestion for performing a first sport amount of a resistance type, wherein the upper limit of the second fluctuation range is smaller than the lower limit of the first fluctuation range.
The second fluctuation range is, for example, 2-3 mmol/L, and if the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is 3 mmol/L, the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is 2.5 hours, which indicates that the blood glucose level of the patient is poor. The upper limit of the second fluctuation range can be 3 mmol/L and the lower limit of the first fluctuation range can be 4 mmol/L. The fluctuation amplitude of blood sugar after the patients eat is small, so that the diet can not be further adjusted, and the existing balance is avoided. The cloud server 200 outputs only exercise advice to help control sugar, such as pray exercise (consuming 100 calories of heat) for 20 minutes to promote sugar control effect.
According to a preferred embodiment, cloud server 200 is configured to: when the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a second fluctuation range and the blood glucose level is restored to the preset range for a second time length, a movement suggestion for performing a first movement amount of an easy type is output.
If the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is 3 mmol/L and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is 1.5 hours, the patient's illness is not serious, and in this case, the patient does not need to adjust the diet, and only needs to perform a proper amount of relaxed type of exercise to assist in maintaining the blood glucose. The cloud server 200 outputs a movement proposal such as walking for 20 minutes (consuming 80 calories of heat), if the movement amount is too large, the hunger sensation of the patient is strong, and the patient supplements too much food, and the blood sugar of the patient is suddenly high and low, which can have adverse effects on the health of the patient and the fetus.
According to a preferred embodiment, the blood glucose management and detection system further includes a doctor terminal 300, and when the blood glucose level of the patient is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, the cloud server 200 sends early warning information to the doctor terminal 300 so that the doctor can obtain the illness state information of the patient, and further provides an timely and effective treatment scheme for the patient.
In daily life, the patient may have a dangerous situation that the blood glucose level is lower than 4 or 3 mmol/L for some reasons, and when the blood glucose level detected by the monitoring device 120 is too low, the cloud server 200 sends early warning information to the doctor terminal 300 based on the result so that the patient can obtain the guidance of the doctor or timely diagnosis and treatment. Preferably, the early warning information can be early warning information that discomfort occurs to the patient's body and that doctor guidance is required.
According to a preferred embodiment, the patient may be directly contacted with the physician via the smart device 110, consulting about the current physical condition, and guiding the patient by the physician. In some cases, the patient needs to go to the hospital in time to determine the cause of the disease, and in other cases, the patient can be relieved under the direction of the doctor without going to the hospital. This arrangement can reduce the number of invalid times a patient arrives at a hospital, saving time for the patient and doctor.
According to a preferred embodiment, doctor's end 300 retrieves blood glucose information, diet information and/or exercise information of the patient from cloud server 200 so that the doctor grasps objective patient's condition changes.
When the patient performs the obstetric examination at a fixed time, a doctor can grasp the condition change of the patient by calling the daily blood sugar information, the diet information and the exercise information of the patient stored on the cloud server 200, so that the erroneous judgment of the doctor caused by the description error of the patient in the doctor consultation process is avoided.
According to a preferred embodiment, the patient's examination information can be uploaded to the cloud server 200, and the patient automatically extracts the examination information through the smart device 110. Preferably, the examination information includes test results, body weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, fetal heart, B-ultrasound, vital signs, uterine height, abdominal circumference, etc.
According to a preferred embodiment, the doctor terminal 300 can be used to upload information such as diet guidance, exercise guidance, blood glucose test guidance, etc. of the gestational diabetes patient, and the information such as diet guidance, exercise guidance, blood glucose test guidance, etc. is uploaded to the cloud server 200, and the patient acquires guidance advice through the user terminal 100. Blood glucose test guidelines include a blood glucose test procedure, a blood glucose test time, and precautions.
Example 2
This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and the repeated contents are not repeated.
The embodiment provides a platform for realizing real-time communication between doctors and patients by utilizing a wireless monitoring detector and a smart phone. Preferably, the user terminal 100 further comprises a smart watch for acquiring vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, etc.) of the patient. Smart watches such as Dido E55, 55SPRO smart watches, APPLE WATCH, watch 4, etc. Through the wireless monitoring detector, the user terminal 100 acquires vital sign data of a patient and uploads the vital sign data to the cloud server 200, and a result of the patient after the patient is checked in a hospital can also be uploaded to the cloud server 200 through the doctor terminal 300, namely information sharing can be achieved between the patient and the doctor, so that the doctor can acquire a home monitoring result of the patient in time, and the patient can also communicate with the doctor in time to obtain timely guidance.
According to a preferred embodiment, the smart device 110 of the client 100 is provided with an emergency key for a one-key call 120 to provide patient and fetal security.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the invention includes various inventive concepts such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" each meaning that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, and applicant reserves the right to filed a divisional application according to each inventive concept. Throughout this document, the word "preferably" is used in a generic sense to mean only one alternative, and not to be construed as necessarily required, so that the applicant reserves the right to forego or delete the relevant preferred feature at any time.
Claims (6)
1. A blood glucose management testing system for gestational diabetics, comprising: a user side (100) for acquiring blood glucose information, diet information and/or exercise information of a patient, and a cloud server (200) in signal connection with the user side (100), characterized in that,
The cloud server (200) is configured to:
Outputting a diet proposal for reducing the intake proportion of carbohydrates in the diet of the user and reducing the food proportion with high glycemic index value and a sport proposal for performing a first movement amount of a relaxed type according to the fluctuation range of the difference value of the blood sugar values before and after the meal of the patient in a first fluctuation range and the first time length of the blood sugar value returning to a preset range;
When the difference value between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a first fluctuation range and the time for the blood glucose level to return to the preset range is a second time length, outputting a diet proposal for reducing the food proportion of the high blood glucose generation index value and a sports proposal for performing a first exercise amount of an easy type at the same time, wherein the second time length is smaller than the first time length;
outputting a sport suggestion for performing a first amount of exercise of a resistance type when a difference between a postprandial blood glucose level and a preprandial blood glucose level of a patient is in a second fluctuation range and a time at which the blood glucose level is restored to a preset range is a first time length, wherein an upper limit of the second fluctuation range is smaller than a lower limit of the first fluctuation range;
When the difference between the postprandial blood glucose level and the preprandial blood glucose level of the patient is in a second fluctuation range and the blood glucose level is restored to the preset range for a second time length, a movement suggestion for performing a first movement amount of an easy type is output.
2. The gestational diabetes patient blood glucose management detection system of claim 1, wherein the user side (100) further comprises an emotion assessment module (130), the cloud server (200) being configured to: when the patient performs diet control, the emotion information of the patient is obtained, and the output diet advice and exercise advice are adjusted according to the emotion change of the patient.
3. The gestational diabetes patient blood glucose management detection system according to claim 2, wherein the cloud server (200) is configured to: when the emotional manifestation of the patient is negative, outputting a diet proposal to increase the intake ratio of carbohydrates in the diet and performing an exercise proposal for a second amount of exercise of the resistance type, wherein the second amount of exercise is greater than the first amount of exercise.
4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a doctor terminal (300), wherein when the blood glucose level of the patient is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, the user terminal (100) sends early warning information to the doctor terminal (300) so as to facilitate the doctor to obtain the condition information of the patient, thereby providing the patient with a timely and effective treatment scheme.
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the doctor terminal (300) retrieves blood glucose information, diet information and/or exercise information of the patient from the cloud server (200) so that the doctor can grasp objective patient condition changes.
6. The system for blood glucose management measurement of a gestational diabetic patient according to claim 1, wherein the postprandial blood glucose level is a postprandial blood glucose peak.
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