CN117706519A - Wind-measuring laser radar multi-axis antenna device - Google Patents
Wind-measuring laser radar multi-axis antenna device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117706519A CN117706519A CN202311729538.1A CN202311729538A CN117706519A CN 117706519 A CN117706519 A CN 117706519A CN 202311729538 A CN202311729538 A CN 202311729538A CN 117706519 A CN117706519 A CN 117706519A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 4
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind lidar, and discloses a wind lidar multi-axis antenna device, which comprises: lens optical component, optical switching component, mechanical connection component. The lens optical component comprises a plurality of refraction lenses and reflection lenses, and the optical path is reflected; an optical switching member disposed on a rear focal plane of the lens optical member, for switching between the space light emitted from the lens and the optical path of the optical fiber; and the mechanical connecting parts are distributed outside the lens optical parts and fix the lenses at corresponding positions so as to provide mechanical support for the lenses and the switching parts. The technical scheme of the invention can integrate multi-axis integrated optical paths and solve the problem of receiving and transmitting optical signals of multiple beams of laser for measuring wind simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind lidar, and particularly relates to a wind lidar multi-axis antenna device.
Background
The wind-measuring laser radar technology is based on the Doppler measurement principle, transmits one or more beams of laser to the atmosphere, measures the relative movement speed of atmospheric particles, inverts speed information through FFT conversion, and is widely applied to the field of real-time sensing of an atmospheric wind field, wherein an optical antenna is used for transmitting and receiving optical signals and is an important component of the wind-measuring laser radar.
When multiple lasers are transmitted and received simultaneously, the multiple antennas are adopted to cause the wind-finding radar to have larger volume, so that the wind-finding radar is unfavorable for practical application, and the multiple-axis antenna can be adopted to solve the problem, so that the simultaneous transmission and reception of the multiple lasers are ensured, the three-dimensional real-time wind field is detected, the volume of part of the system is reduced, and the practical application is met. The common multi-axis antenna can be divided into a multi-axis integrated antenna and a multi-axis discrete antenna according to whether the optical lens is multiplexed or not, and the multi-axis discrete antenna has small volume, low transmission efficiency and high debugging difficulty. The multi-axis integrated antenna system has high efficiency, but has higher requirements on focal distance and field of view, and has larger volume, and the design scheme of the multi-axis integrated antenna is more beneficial to improving the detection range and the signal-to-noise ratio of the wind-measuring laser radar and enhancing the system performance. Therefore, the design of the multi-axis integrated optical antenna device with small volume and high efficiency is very important for the application of the wind-finding radar.
Disclosure of Invention
Through designing a wind lidar multiaxis antenna device, reduce multiaxis integral antenna volume, increase wind lidar receives and dispatches the ability of signal, promote system detection efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a wind lidar multi-axis antenna device, which comprises: a lens optical component 1, an optical switching component 2, and a mechanical connection component 3;
the lens optical member 1 includes a plurality of refractive lenses and reflective lenses for reflecting the light path;
an optical switching member 2 arranged on the rear focal plane of the lens optical member 1 for switching between the space light emitted from the lens and the optical fiber path; the front surface of the optical switching component 2 is connected with the mechanical connecting component 3 through a threaded hole, the rear surface is an optical fiber adapter, and the optical switching component is connected with a circulator of a laser wind-finding radar to realize light beam receiving and transmitting isolation;
and mechanical connection parts 3 distributed outside the lens optical component 1 and used for fixing each lens at corresponding positions and providing mechanical support for each lens and the optical switching component 2.
Further, a plurality of optical flange adapters are arranged on the end face of the optical adapter component 2;
the laser output by the optical fiber device is respectively transmitted to different axial directions through a plurality of optical flange adapters, so that multi-axis laser emission is realized;
the echo laser scattered by the atmosphere is respectively transmitted to the corresponding photoelectric detection system through a plurality of optical flange adapters, so that multi-axis optical path calculation is realized.
Further, laser output by the wind-finding radar is emitted into the lens optical component 1 through the plurality of optical flange adapters, is transmitted into the atmosphere according to the light path, a plurality of axial laser beams and aerosol particles entering the atmosphere scatter, backward scattered light returns to the antenna device along the light path of the laser emission, is respectively transmitted into the plurality of optical flange adapters, and enters the photoelectric detection system of the wind-finding laser radar.
Further, a plurality of refractive lenses are arranged in the lens optical component 1, a plurality of optical path transmission shafts share a plurality of refractive lenses, and at least one reflective lens corresponding to each optical path transmission shaft is arranged on the surface of the mechanical connection component 3;
the optical component is composed of a plurality of refractive lenses and is used for transmitting laser transmitted by the optical flange adapter to the atmosphere to realize wind field measurement;
and the reflection lens is used for turning the light path to make the whole device cylindrical.
Further, when six refractive lenses are provided in the lens optical member 1, it includes: a first positive lens 8, a second positive lens 10, a third positive lens 11, a first negative lens 9, a first positive-negative cemented lens 12, a second positive-negative cemented lens 13;
the first positive lens 8 and the first negative lens 9 are spaced between 25-30 mm;
the first negative lens 9 and the second positive lens 8 are spaced between 1-2 mm;
the spacing between the second positive lens 10 and the third positive lens 11 is between 1-2.5 mm;
the third positive lens 11 is spaced from the first positive and negative cemented lens 12 by 3-5 mm.
Further, the reflective lenses are the same in size and material, and the distance between the center of the reflective lens and the second positive and negative cemented lens 13 is between 35 mm and 42 mm.
Further, the total length of the mechanical connecting part 3 is 310-320mm, the outer diameter is 78-82mm, and the sectional design is adopted.
Further, the mechanical connection component 3 adopts a three-section design, specifically:
a plurality of positive lenses and negative lenses are arranged in the cylinder with the widest first section;
positive and negative cemented lenses and a plurality of reflectors are arranged in the cylinder with the second section of width;
the third narrowest column is connected to the rear optical switch 2.
According to the technical scheme, the lens assembly is connected through the mechanical connecting component which is designed in a sectional mode, the front end is provided with the lens part, the optical machine adjustment is convenient to achieve, the lens is connected with the optical fiber mounting flange at the rear end, and the axial size and the radial optical axis position are guaranteed through shaft hole matching. The coupling of the optical fiber transmission light path and the space transmission light path is realized through the optical switching component, the adjustment allowance is reserved, and the adjustment precision is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a multi-axis antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical switching component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a catadioptric optical path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-axis integrated antenna device, and fig. 1 is a diagram showing an overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention, and shows an end face of a cross-sectional structure of a main portion of an optical antenna device.
The antenna device can be used in an active sensor using laser light, such as a wind lidar device, and the wind lidar detects by: transmitting one or more beams of laser to the atmosphere, emitting each beam of laser through an optical antenna, scattering by aerosol particles and the like in the atmosphere, wherein due to Doppler effect, the scattered laser frequency changes, scattering occurs in the whole space of the particles, wherein the backscattered laser can return to a laser radar device again through an optical antenna device, the device calculates the moving speed and the moving direction of a scattering body by detecting the Doppler frequency shift quantity of the backscattered laser, and the moving speed and the moving direction of the aerosol particles in a detection area are considered to be consistent, and represent the air speed and the air direction.
According to fig. 1, the multiaxial integrated antenna device includes a lens optical component 1, an optical switching component 2, and a mechanical connection component 3. The lens optical component 1 is positioned between the lenses marked in fig. 1 and comprises a plurality of lenses shown in fig. 3, wherein 8-13 are refractive lenses, the curvature radius, thickness and selected glass materials of each lens are different, 14 are reflective lenses, and laser is continuously transmitted after exiting from the lens 13 according to the optical path design of the lenses 8-13, and the vertical distance to an image surface is very large because the laser incidence angle range is very large at this time, the shape of the whole system is in a truncated cone shape with narrow front and wide back, and the installation and debugging of the antenna are greatly influenced. The lens 14 is a plane mirror, which deflects the incident laser according to the reflection law, reduces the image plane size, reduces the adjustment difficulty and the installation volume, and can further reduce the distance from the lens 13 to the image plane and the image plane size by adopting a plurality of mirrors, thereby compressing the volume of the antenna device. Each axis of laser emission needs a reflecting mirror to turn the light path, fig. 1 is a front view of the whole device, the refractive lens is positioned in the device, the reflective lens is positioned on the surface of the device, the reflective lens is elliptical, and 4 reflecting mirrors are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cylinder.
The optical switching component 2 is shown in fig. 2, the 4 flange switching components are uniformly distributed in the circumferential space, the included angle is 90 degrees, the included angle between each flange and the horizontal plane of the switching component is consistent, laser output by the wind-finding radar enters the lens optical component 1 through the four flange switching components of 4, 5, 6 and 7, the laser enters the atmosphere to be transmitted into the atmosphere according to the light path, the four axial lasers entering the atmosphere are scattered by aerosol particles, and the backward scattered light can return to the antenna along the light path of the laser emission, is respectively transmitted into the 4 flanges of the switching component 2, and enters the detection acquisition module of the wind-finding laser radar. The front surface of the optical switching component 2 is connected with the mechanical connecting component 3 through a threaded hole, the rear surface is an FC-APC optical fiber adapter, and the optical switching component is connected with a circulator of a laser wind-finding radar to realize light beam receiving and transmitting isolation.
The total length of the mechanical connecting part 3 is 310-320mm (the optical fiber adapter containing the adapter part 2), the outer diameter is 78-82mm, and the sectional design is adopted.
The widest column of the first section comprises 4 optical lenses with a width of 78-82mm and a length of 90-95mm. The diameter of the entrance pupil of the optical system is 65-75mm, so that the clear aperture of the lens in the first section is larger, the diameter of the mechanical structure is also largest, the optical system comprises 8-11 pieces of refractive lenses, 8, 10 and 11 are positive lenses, the aperture is 60-70mm, the thickness of the lens is 11-20mm, the types of the selected glass are H2F2_CDGM, HQK3L_CDGM and HBAK7_CDGM glass respectively, the light-transmitting wave band is 1550nm infrared wave band, and the refractive indexes are 1.64, 1.47 and 1.55 respectively. The lens 9 is a negative lens, the aperture is between 60 and 66mm, the thickness of the lens is between 15 and 20mm, the selected glass type is HZLAF50B_CDGM, and the refractive index is 1.78.
The second section of the second-wide cylinder comprises a positive-negative glued 2-piece lens and 4-piece reflector, and the width of the second section of the second-wide cylinder is 68-72mm, and the length of the second section of the second-wide cylinder is 100-110m. The glass types selected by the positive and negative cemented lenses are HQK L_CDGM and HBAK7_CDGM, the refractive indexes are 1.47 and 1.55, the aperture is between 52 and 61mm, and the lens thickness is between 12 and 16mm and 3 to 6 mm. This design helps to eliminate spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of the optical antenna. The size, the material and the like of the 4 plane reflectors are the same, the selected glass is SILICA_SPECIAL, the refractive index is 1.44, and the length of the reflectors is 55-60 mm.
The third section structure is connected with the rear end adapting part 2, the width of the third section structure is 50-57mm, and the length of the third section structure is 120-130mm. Through shaft hole cooperation, guarantee axial dimension and radial optical axis position, fiber mounting flange design reservation adjustment allowance.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a catadioptric optical path scheme which can be used for a multi-axis integrated optical antenna, as shown in fig. 3, and comprises the following steps: positive lenses 8, 10, 11, negative lens 9, positive and negative cemented lenses 12, 13, plane mirror 14. The 4-axis laser is emitted from the optical switching component 2 in fig. 1 into an optical path, firstly passes through a reflecting mirror 14, compresses the longitudinal length of the optical path, limits the volume of the system, passes through positive and negative cemented lenses 12 and 13 and positive and negative lens groups 11-8, and is emitted from the lens 8 into the atmosphere. The emergent 4 beams of laser respectively detect aerosol particle movements in different areas of the atmosphere, according to the principle of reversibility of an optical path, backward scattered laser of particles can enter the cementing lenses 12 and 13 along the same optical path through the lenses 8-11, finally enter the optical switching component 2 through reflection 14, complete conversion from a space optical path to an optical fiber optical path, enter a subsequent signal detection acquisition system through a flange, and can obtain three-dimensional wind field information of a detection area through vector synthesis operation.
The refraction-reflection type optical path scheme adopts a spherical mirror design, the laser wavelength is 1550nm, and the rest lenses are refraction lenses except 14 which are reflection mirrors. The design indexes of the scheme are as follows: the diameter of the entrance pupil is 65-75mm, the focal length is 250-400mm, in order to reduce the requirement of the optical fiber end face adjustment precision, the aberration is corrected within the range of 10-12.0 degrees out of the axis, the 4-axis optical paths all meet the condition that the wave aberration is smaller than lambda/10 (lambda=1550 nm), the distortion is smaller than or equal to 5%, and the focusing distance of the optical paths is adjustable.
The positive lens 8 is H2F 2-CDGM optical glass, the refractive index is 1.64, the lens aperture is 66-70mm, the thickness is 11-15mm, and the interval between the lens aperture and 9 is 25-30 mm.
The negative lens 9 is HZLAF50B_CDGM optical glass, the refractive index is 1.78, the lens aperture is between 60 and 67mm, the thickness is between 15 and 20mm, and the interval between 10 and 1 to 2 mm.
The positive lens 10 is made of HQK L_CDGM optical glass, the refractive index is 1.47, the lens aperture is 63-67mm, the thickness is 16-21mm, and the interval between the lens aperture and 11 is 1-2.5 mm.
The positive lens 11 is HBAK7_CDGM optical glass, the refractive index is 1.55, the lens aperture is 63-67mm, the thickness is 10-14mm, and the interval between the positive lens and 12 is 3-5 mm.
The glass types selected by the positive and negative cemented lenses 12 and 13 are HQK L_CDGM and HBAK7_CDGM respectively, the refractive indexes are 1.47 and 1.55 respectively, the aperture is between 52 and 61mm, and the lens thickness is between 12 and 16mm and 3 to 6mm respectively. The design of positive and negative lens gluing can effectively eliminate spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of an optical system.
14 is a planar mirror which functions to reflect the light path and reduce the longitudinal length of the optical antenna. The size, material and the like of the 4 plane reflectors are the same, the selected glass is SILICA_SPECIAL, the refractive index is 1.44, the length of the reflector is 55-60mm, and the interval between the center of the reflector and the lens 13 is 35-42 mm.
The multi-axis integrated optical antenna can reduce the adjustment difficulty and the installation volume by applying the refraction-reflection type optical path scheme, and has advantages in application scenes such as an airborne laser radar and a carrier-based laser radar with strict requirements on the volume.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by designing the multi-axis antenna device of the wind-measuring laser radar, the volume of the multi-axis integrated antenna is reduced, the signal receiving and transmitting capacity of the wind-measuring laser radar is increased, and the detection efficiency of the system is improved. The lens assembly is connected through the mechanical connecting part with sectional design, the front end is a lens part, the optical machine adjustment is convenient to realize, the lens is connected with the optical fiber mounting flange at the rear end together, and the axial size and the radial optical axis position are ensured through shaft hole matching. The coupling of the optical fiber transmission light path and the space transmission light path is realized through the optical switching component, the adjustment allowance is reserved, and the adjustment precision is ensured.
Claims (8)
1. A wind lidar multi-axis antenna device, the device comprising: a lens optical component (1), an optical switching component (2) and a mechanical connecting component (3);
the lens optical component (1) comprises a plurality of refracting lenses and reflecting lenses, and the optical path is folded back;
an optical switching member (2) arranged on the rear focal plane of the lens optical member (1) for switching between the space light emitted from the lens and the optical path of the optical fiber; the front surface of the optical switching component (2) is connected with the mechanical connecting component (3) through a threaded hole, the rear surface is an optical fiber adapter, and the optical switching component is connected with an circulator of a laser wind-finding radar to realize light beam receiving and transmitting isolation;
and the mechanical connecting parts (3) are distributed outside the lens optical part (1) and are used for fixing the lenses at corresponding positions so as to provide mechanical support for the lenses and the optical switching part (2).
2. The windfinding lidar multiaxial antenna device according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of optical flange adapters are provided on the end face of the optical adapter member (2);
the laser output by the optical fiber device is respectively transmitted to different axial directions through a plurality of optical flange adapters, so that multi-axis laser emission is realized;
the echo laser scattered by the atmosphere is respectively transmitted to the corresponding photoelectric detection system through a plurality of optical flange adapters, so that multi-axis optical path calculation is realized.
3. A wind lidar multi-axis antenna device according to claim 2, wherein the antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna elements,
laser output by the wind-finding radar is emitted into a lens optical component (1) through a plurality of optical flange adapters, is transmitted into the atmosphere according to an optical path, a plurality of axial lasers and aerosol particles entering the atmosphere scatter, backward scattered light returns to an antenna device along the optical path of laser emission, is respectively transmitted into the plurality of optical flange adapters, and enters a photoelectric detection system of the wind-finding laser radar.
4. A wind lidar multi-axis antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna elements,
a plurality of refraction lenses are arranged in the lens optical component (1), the refraction lenses are shared by a plurality of optical path transmission shafts, and at least one reflection lens corresponding to each optical path transmission shaft is arranged on the surface of the mechanical connecting component (3);
the optical component is composed of a plurality of refractive lenses and is used for transmitting laser transmitted by the optical flange adapter to the atmosphere to realize wind field measurement;
and the reflection lens is used for turning the light path to make the whole device cylindrical.
5. The windfinding lidar multiaxial antenna device according to claim 4, wherein when six refractive lenses are provided in the lens optical member (1), it comprises: a first positive lens (8), a second positive lens (10), a third positive lens (11), a first negative lens (9), a first positive and negative cemented lens (12), and a second positive and negative cemented lens (13);
the interval between the first positive lens (8) and the first negative lens (9) is 25-30 mm;
the interval between the first negative lens (9) and the second positive lens (8) is 1-2 mm;
the distance between the second positive lens (10) and the third positive lens (11) is 1-2.5 mm;
the interval between the third positive lens (11) and the first positive and negative cemented lens (12) is 3-5 mm.
6. A wind lidar multi-axis antenna device according to claim 5, wherein the antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna elements,
the reflective lenses are the same in size and material, and the distance between the center of each reflective lens and the second positive and negative cemented lens 13 is between 35 mm and 42 mm.
7. A wind lidar multi-axis antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna elements,
the total length of the mechanical connecting part (3) is 310-320mm, the outer diameter is 78-82mm, and the sectional design is adopted.
8. A wind lidar multiaxial antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that the mechanical connection part (3) is of a three-segment design, in particular:
a plurality of positive lenses and negative lenses are arranged in the cylinder with the widest first section;
positive and negative cemented lenses and a plurality of reflectors are arranged in the cylinder with the second section of width;
the third narrowest column is connected with the optical transfer component (2) at the rear end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311729538.1A CN117706519A (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Wind-measuring laser radar multi-axis antenna device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311729538.1A CN117706519A (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Wind-measuring laser radar multi-axis antenna device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117907979A (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-04-19 | 深圳大舜激光技术有限公司 | Remote wind-finding radar receiving and transmitting antenna |
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2023
- 2023-12-15 CN CN202311729538.1A patent/CN117706519A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117907979A (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-04-19 | 深圳大舜激光技术有限公司 | Remote wind-finding radar receiving and transmitting antenna |
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