CN117696800A - Forging method of Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging - Google Patents
Forging method of Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN117696800A CN117696800A CN202311763512.9A CN202311763512A CN117696800A CN 117696800 A CN117696800 A CN 117696800A CN 202311763512 A CN202311763512 A CN 202311763512A CN 117696800 A CN117696800 A CN 117696800A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000002219 extraembryonic membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of forging hot processing, and relates to a forging method of a Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a bar as a blank; machining a bar material dividing groove, wherein the groove divides a blank into an L1 volume part and an L2 volume part, the L1 volume part is used for forming a V-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging, and the L2 volume part is used for forming an I-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging; placing the blank on an anvil, taking the groove as a boundary, flattening the L1 volume part, then rotating the blank by 90 degrees, and feeding the L2 volume part into a tire membrane to form a blank of the V-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging piece; drawing and shaping the part of the tire inlet membrane to obtain Y-shaped barren; and (5) die forging is carried out on the Y-shaped rough shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forging hot processing, and relates to a forging method of a Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging.
Background
The TC32 titanium alloy is low-cost and high-comprehensive-performance titanium alloy, the main chemical component of the alloy is Ti-5Al-3Mo-3Cr-1Zr, the alloy has the advantages of ultrahigh toughness, medium strength and high plasticity, and meanwhile, the alloy has a wide hot working process window, particularly has matched and excellent toughness, obviously improves the fracture toughness, and meanwhile, the strength is not obviously reduced, so that the alloy is applied to a new generation of aircraft landing gear forgings.
The Y-shaped parts of the landing gear of the aircraft are more in variety, the blank making difficulty of the Y-shaped forge piece is higher in general, and the following problems exist in die forging: 1. when in die forging, the tonnage required by the equipment is large, the fire is more, and the production period is long; 2. the forging deformation is insufficient due to more forging firing times; 3. the blanking weight is large, the material utilization rate is reduced, and the forging cost is increased; 4. because the blank making streamline is not distributed along the maximum contour of the forging, the material organization and the performance are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a forging method of a Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging so as to meet the use requirements of key parts for new-generation aircraft landing gear in China, and simultaneously provides a blank manufacturing method of the Y-shaped forging, which ensures that the streamline direction of blank manufacturing fibers is consistent with the streamline shape of the forging, reduces the tonnage required by die forging equipment, reduces die forging fire, improves production efficiency, improves material utilization rate, reduces production cost, ensures the organization and performance of the forging, and improves the qualification rate of products.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a forging method of a Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a bar as a blank;
machining a bar material dividing groove, wherein the groove divides a blank into an L1 volume part and an L2 volume part, the L1 volume part is used for forming a V-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging, and the L2 volume part is used for forming an I-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging;
placing the blank on an anvil, taking the groove as a boundary, flattening the L1 volume part, then rotating the blank by 90 degrees, and feeding the L2 volume part into a tire membrane to form the blank of the V-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging.
Drawing and shaping the part of the tire inlet membrane to obtain Y-shaped barren;
and (5) die forging is carried out on the Y-shaped rough shape.
Further, the method further comprises:
mechanically thickening the formed Y-shaped die forging part with the maximum equivalent section thickness larger than the preset thickness;
and (5) performing heat treatment on the forging subjected to machine thickening.
Further, the preset thickness is 200mm.
Further, the preheating temperature range of the anvil and other auxiliary tools before forging is 200-300 ℃.
Further, the reduction rate is controlled to 8-10 mm/s during forging of the blank.
Further, the preheating temperature of the die forging die is 250-350 ℃; the preheating temperature of the fetal membrane is 250-350 ℃.
Further, the parting surface of the die forging die is Y-shaped, so that the die forging is convenient to form.
Further, heat treatment is carried out on the forging subjected to machine thickening, and the heat treatment comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out primary annealing on the machine-thickened forging, wherein the forging is heated to the temperature of 865-885 ℃ and is cooled in a mode of: air cooling; the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-10 ℃, and the transfer time of the air cooling of the forging piece when the forging piece is discharged from the furnace is less than or equal to 2 minutes; the heat preservation time of the forging is determined according to the effective thickness of the forging, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.8 min/mm;
and (3) carrying out secondary annealing on the forge piece subjected to machine thickening, wherein the forge piece is heated to the temperature of 540-560 ℃ and is cooled in a mode of: air cooling; the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation coefficient of the forging piece is 0.6-0.9 min/mm.
Further, a gap of more than or equal to 100mm is reserved between the electric furnace internal parts; the forging is placed on the loading plate, and the loading plate is provided with air holes or is firmly placed on the supporting pad of the forging, so that the forging is prevented from deforming in the heating process, and the machining allowance of the forging is uneven.
Further, in the processes of free forging and die forging, forging parameters include:
heating the blank to 30-40 ℃ below the temperature phase transition point; the heating coefficient of the cold material is 0.6-0.8 min/mm, and the heating coefficient of the hot material returned to the furnace is 0.4-0.6 min/mm;
during forging, the deformation amount per firing time is 25% -30%; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 750 ℃;
furthermore, the grooves are not too deep, smooth transition is needed, and forging clamping injury is avoided.
Advantageous effects
The forging method of the Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging meets the standard requirements of key parts for the landing gear of a new generation of aircraft; simultaneously, a blank making method of the Y-shaped forge piece is provided, and the streamline direction of the blank making fiber is ensured to be consistent with the streamline shape of the forge piece; during die forging, the tonnage required by equipment is reduced, the die forging number of times is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the material utilization rate is improved, and the production cost is reduced; before heat treatment, the effective thickness of the forging is reduced by mechanically adding and subtracting, the structure and the performance of the forging are ensured, and the qualification rate of products is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of an outer cylinder die forging for a machine.
Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of two parts of a grooved divided bar.
FIG. 3 is a two-part schematic of a forging.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a groove.
FIG. 5 is a forging flow diagram of a Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a forging method of Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy blank and die forging, which comprises the following specific steps of:
step 1: and designing the die forging according to the shape of the part, wherein the Y-shaped die parting surface is generally selected, so that the die forging is convenient to mold.
Preferably, according to part characteristics, the forging allowance, the die drawing angle and the round angle size are determined, and for high boss and die forging difficult-to-fill parts, the design thought of variable allowance can be adopted, so that the forging design is carried out.
Step 2: selecting a bar as a blank: the cross-sectional area of the blank is 1.1 to 1.25 times of the sum of the maximum cross-section and the burr cross-section of the forging piece;
step 3: and machining a bar material separating groove. The grooves divide the blank into 2 parts L1 and L2 (see FIG. 2), wherein the volume of L1 is 1.1-1.25 times the volume of the Y-shaped forging V1, and the volume of L2 is 1.1-1.25 times the volume of the Y-shaped forging V2 (see FIG. 3);
preferably, the grooves are not too deep and require a smooth transition to avoid forging pinch-offs.
Preferably, the position of the material distributing groove is that one end face of the bar is selected as a reference, and the length L1 of the offset towards the other end face of the bar is as follows: dividing the volume of the Y-shaped forging V1 by 0.8-0.9 times of the sectional area S (L1=V1/(0.8-0.9) S of the bar stock, wherein V1 is the volume of the V1 part of the Y-shaped forging, S is the sectional area of the bar stock, and L1 is the offset length of the bar stock towards the other end face);
the cross-sectional shape of the machined distributing groove is shown in fig. 4. Wherein R1 is more than H, B is less than 2R1, and R2 is more than or equal to R1; r1 is the concave radius of the groove, R2 is the convex radius of the groove, H is the depth of the groove, and B is the width of the groove.
The material distributing groove has the effects that under the hot material state, workers are difficult to distribute materials, inaccurate material distribution is avoided, and when serious, forgings are scrapped due to uneven material distribution.
Step 4: placing the blank on an anvil, taking the groove as a boundary, flattening the V1 end, then rotating the blank by 90 degrees, feeding the V2 end into a tire membrane, and forming the blank of the V1 part of the Y-shaped forging.
Furthermore, the fetal membrane cavity can be designed into a cylinder, a cuboid or a cube, the four surfaces of the cylinder, the cuboid or the cube are provided with drawing degrees of 1-3 degrees, the die is easy to be drawn, and the volume of the fetal membrane cavity is 1.1-1.25 times of the volume of the V2 part of the Y-shaped forging piece;
step 5: and (3) drawing out the part of the tire membrane entering in the step (4), and shaping to obtain a Y-shaped barren form.
Further, the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of preheating an anvil and other auxiliary tools to 200-300 ℃ before forging; preheating the fetal membrane to 250-350 ℃;
further, the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of controlling the depressing rate to be 8-10 mm/s during blank forging;
step 6: and (5) placing the rough shape in a die cavity, and performing die forging.
Further, step 4, step 5, step 6 further include: heating the blank to 30-40 ℃ below the temperature phase transition point; the heating coefficient of the cold material is 0.6-0.8 min/mm, and the heating coefficient of the hot material returned to the furnace is 0.4-0.6 min/mm; during forging, the deformation amount per firing time is 25% -30%; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 750 ℃; the cooling mode is air cooling.
Further, step 6 specifically includes: the preheating temperature of the die is 250-350 ℃;
further, step 6 specifically further includes: placing the rough blank into a die cavity, and performing die forging; the forging is performed by adopting thermal insulation cotton; a lubricant is sprayed into the mold cavity in order to reduce the metal flow resistance.
Step 7: performing machine thickening and thickening on the Y-shaped die forging formed in the step 6;
preferably, machining is carried out on the part with the maximum equivalent section thickness (inscribed circle diameter) of the Y-shaped die forging piece being larger than 200mm, and after the machining is carried out, the effective thickness of the Y-shaped die forging piece is thinned, so that preparation is carried out before the subsequent heat treatment annealing, and the requirements that the structure and the performance of the forging piece meet the forging piece standards are met.
Step 8: carrying out heat treatment on the forging piece in the step 7;
further, step 8 includes: primary annealing: heating to 865-885 ℃, and cooling: and (5) air cooling.
Preferably: the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-10 ℃,
preferably: the transfer time of the forging discharging air cooling is less than or equal to 2min;
preferably: the heat preservation time of the forging is determined according to the effective thickness of the forging, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.8 min/mm;
further, step 8 further includes: secondary annealing: heating the forging to 540-560 ℃ and cooling the forging by the following steps: and (5) air cooling.
Preferably, the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation coefficient of the forging is 0.6-0.9 min/mm;
preferably, step 8 specifically further includes: the charging plate and the forgings are placed in an effective qualified area of the electric furnace; the number of the forgings for charging is selected according to the outline size and the weight of the forgings, the effective qualified area of the electric furnace and the heating power of the electric furnace; gaps of more than or equal to 100mm are reserved between the forgings; the forging is placed on the loading plate, and the loading plate is provided with air holes or is firmly placed on the supporting pad of the forging, so that the forging is prevented from deforming in the heating process, and the machining allowance of the forging is uneven.
Example 1
Outer cylinder die forging (see figure 1) for certain machine, the material is TC32, and the outline dimension of the forging is as follows: 1326×591×280, single side discharge of 9mm, and maximum projection area of 0.284m 2 Phase transition point: the forging method of the patent comprises the following steps:
step 1: and designing a die forging according to the shape of the part, and selecting the Y shape as a parting plane.
Step 2: selecting a bar with phi 300 specification as a blank, wherein the maximum cross-sectional area of the forging is 0.054m 2 Forging drawing allows the cross-sectional area caused by under-pressure to be increased by 0.002m 2 The cross-sectional area of the burr is 0.005m 2 The blank cross-sectional area was initially designed to be 1.12× (0.054+0.002+0.005) =0.068 m 2 ；0.068m 2 ＜0.07m 2 Thus, the circle Φ300 can be directly divided.
Step 3: and machining a bar material separating groove. The depth of the groove is H=3 mm, the width B=6 mm, the transition fillet is R1=8, and R2=10; meets the requirements that R1 is more than H and B is less than 2R1, and R2 is more than or equal to R1;
step 4: placing the blank on an anvil, taking the groove as a boundary, flattening one end, then rotating the blank by 90 degrees, and feeding the other end into a tire membrane to form the blank of the V1 part of the Y-shaped forging.
Step 5: and (3) drawing out the part of the tire membrane entering in the step (4), and shaping to obtain a Y-shaped barren form.
Further, the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise preheating the anvil and other auxiliary tools to 350 ℃ before forging; preheating the fetal membrane to 300 ℃;
further, the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of controlling the depressing rate to 9mm/s during blank forging;
step 6: and (5) placing the rough shape in a die cavity, and performing die forging.
Further, step 4, step 5, step 6 further include: heating the blank to 876 ℃; the heating coefficient of the cold material is 0.7min/mm, and the heating coefficient of the hot material returned to the furnace is 0.5min/mm; during forging, the deformation amount per firing time is 25% -30%; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 750 ℃; the cooling mode is air cooling.
Further, step 6 specifically includes: the preheating temperature of the die is 300 ℃;
further, step 6 specifically further includes: placing the rough blank into a die cavity, and performing die forging; the forging is performed by adopting thermal insulation cotton; a lubricant is sprayed into the mold cavity in order to reduce the metal flow resistance.
Step 7: performing machine thickening and thickening on the Y-shaped die forging formed in the step 6;
preferably, machining is carried out on the part with the maximum equivalent section thickness (inscribed circle diameter) of the Y-shaped die forging being greater than 200, and after the machining is carried out, the effective thickness of the Y-shaped die forging is thinned, so that preparation is carried out before the subsequent heat treatment annealing, and the requirements that the structure and the performance of the forging meet the forging standard are met.
Step 8: carrying out heat treatment on the forging piece in the step 7;
further, step 8 includes: primary annealing: heating to 875 deg.C, maintaining for 210min, and air cooling.
Preferably: the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-10 ℃,
preferably: the transfer time of the forging discharging air cooling is less than or equal to 2min;
further, step 8 further includes: secondary annealing: and heating the forge piece to 550 ℃, preserving heat for 360min, and air-cooling.
Preferably, the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-5 ℃, and preferably, the step 8 specifically further comprises: the charging plate and the forgings are placed in an effective qualified area of the electric furnace; the number of the charging furnaces is less than or equal to 4; placing in a single layer, and reserving a gap of more than or equal to 100mm between the forgings; the forging is placed on the loading plate, and the loading plate is provided with air holes or is firmly placed on the supporting pad of the forging, so that the forging is prevented from deforming in the heating process, and the machining allowance of the forging is uneven.
After the implementation of the invention, the forging method of the Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging meets the use requirements of key parts for the landing gear of a new generation of aircraft; simultaneously, a blank making method of the Y-shaped forge piece is provided, and the streamline direction of the blank making fiber is ensured to be consistent with the streamline shape of the forge piece; during die forging, the tonnage required by equipment is reduced, the die forging number of times is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the material utilization rate is improved, and the production cost is reduced; before heat treatment, the effective thickness of the forging is reduced by mechanically adding and subtracting, the structure and the performance of the forging are ensured, and the qualification rate of products is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A forging method of a Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging, comprising:
selecting a bar as a blank;
machining a bar material dividing groove, wherein the groove divides a blank into an L1 volume part and an L2 volume part, the L1 volume part is used for forming a V-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging, and the L2 volume part is used for forming an I-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging;
placing the blank on an anvil, taking the groove as a boundary, flattening the L1 volume part, then rotating the blank by 90 degrees, and feeding the L2 volume part into a tire membrane to form a blank of the V-shaped part of the Y-shaped forging piece;
drawing and shaping the part of the tire inlet membrane to obtain Y-shaped barren;
and (5) die forging is carried out on the Y-shaped rough shape.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
mechanically thickening the formed Y-shaped die forging part with the maximum equivalent section thickness larger than the preset thickness;
and (5) performing heat treatment on the forging subjected to machine thickening.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the predetermined thickness is 200mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-heat temperature of the anvil and other auxiliary tools prior to forging is in the range of 200 ℃ to 300 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reduction rate is controlled to 8-10 mm/s during forging of the blank.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the die pre-heat temperature of the swaging is 250 ℃ to 350 ℃; the preheating temperature of the fetal membrane is 250-350 ℃.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the parting surface of the swage tool is Y-shaped to facilitate the forming of the die forging.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein heat treating the machine-thickened forging comprises:
and (3) carrying out primary annealing on the machine-thickened forging, wherein the forging is heated to the temperature of 865-885 ℃ and is cooled in a mode of: air cooling; the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-10 ℃, and the transfer time of the air cooling of the forging piece when the forging piece is discharged from the furnace is less than or equal to 2 minutes; the heat preservation time of the forging is determined according to the effective thickness of the forging, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.8 min/mm;
and (3) carrying out secondary annealing on the forge piece subjected to machine thickening, wherein the forge piece is heated to the temperature of 540-560 ℃ and is cooled in a mode of: air cooling; the uniformity of the electric furnace is +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation coefficient of the forging piece is 0.6-0.9 min/mm.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein a gap of 100mm or more is left between the furnace internals; the forging is placed on the loading plate, and the loading plate is provided with air holes or is firmly placed on the supporting pad of the forging, so that the forging is prevented from deforming in the heating process, and the machining allowance of the forging is uneven.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein during free forging and swaging, the forging parameters include:
heating the blank to 30-40 ℃ below the temperature phase transition point; the heating coefficient of the cold material is 0.6-0.8 min/mm, and the heating coefficient of the hot material returned to the furnace is 0.4-0.6 min/mm;
during forging, the deformation amount per firing time is 25% -30%; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 750 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311763512.9A CN117696800A (en) | 2023-12-20 | 2023-12-20 | Forging method of Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311763512.9A CN117696800A (en) | 2023-12-20 | 2023-12-20 | Forging method of Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging |
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| CN117696800A true CN117696800A (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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| CN202311763512.9A Pending CN117696800A (en) | 2023-12-20 | 2023-12-20 | Forging method of Y-shaped TC32 titanium alloy die forging |
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| CN (1) | CN117696800A (en) |
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