CN117694303A - Breeding method for improving quality of Yanbian beef - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving quality of Yanbian beef Download PDFInfo
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- CN117694303A CN117694303A CN202410084447.5A CN202410084447A CN117694303A CN 117694303 A CN117694303 A CN 117694303A CN 202410084447 A CN202410084447 A CN 202410084447A CN 117694303 A CN117694303 A CN 117694303A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for improving the quality of Yanbian beef, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a bovine source: selecting a cattle source by judging the month age, the weight and the appearance characteristics of the cattle; feeding management and nutrition regulation: and (3) feeding management: comprises timely castration, feeding and drinking water, periodic insect expelling, cowshed environment control, stress reduction, disease and epidemic prevention and slaughtering of cattle; and (3) nutrition regulation: feeding the selected cattle with a feed with specific proportion of nutritional ingredients; according to the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is used as a main material, and the cattle is fed through feed and drinking water, so that the immunity and the resistance of the cattle are improved, the cultivation environment and the flow control are enhanced, the health state of the cattle with the Yanbian is improved, and the quality safety of the cattle with the Yanbian is ensured; reducing the supply of some vitamins during the specific period of fattening can improve marbling grade and reduce subcutaneous and visceral fat deposition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cattle cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method for improving the quality of Yanbian cattle meat.
Background
The beef consumption demand in China always has a rigid increasing situation, and especially the high-grade beef demand is rapidly increased. The Yanbian cattle are the collective name of Yanbian cattle and Yanbian cattle. The Yanbian cattle is one of five excellent varieties in five places in China, has the characteristics of cold resistance, coarse feeding resistance, strong disease resistance, strong adaptability, high slaughter rate, excellent meat quality and the like, and is extremely precious in a livestock and poultry variety gene library in China. The Yan cattle is a special new meat variety which is prepared by hybridization of Yanbian cattle and Limu Zan cattle and is cultivated independently in China, and on the basis of keeping the characteristics of Yanbian beef quality and the like, the growth speed and the meat yield are obviously improved. However, the fattening of the cattle with the Yanbian also has the problems of low beef grade, weak technical foundation, low production standardization degree, small overall scale and the like. The technology focuses on improving the feeding management mode, adopting a specific nutrition regulation mode, researching and utilizing the influence mechanism of regulating the feeding amount and feeding time of additives such as Chinese herbal medicines, vitamins and the like on meat quality, regulating and controlling the living nutrition metabolism of beef cattle, improving the intramuscular fat deposition of the selvedge yellow beef, reducing or not increasing subcutaneous and visceral fat deposition, improving the marble pattern of the selvedge yellow beef, improving the quality and yield of the selvedge Huang Shenggao grade beef, shortening the production period and reducing the feeding cost. And meanwhile, indexes such as conventional nutritional ingredients, shearing force, flesh color, amino acid, fatty acid, heavy metal, antibiotics, flavor substances and the like in the beef are measured, and marbled grade, beef tenderness, flavor and juiciness are determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method for improving the quality of Yanbian yellow beef, so as to solve the technical problems.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a breeding method for improving the quality of Yanbian beef is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a bovine source: selecting a cattle source by judging the month age, the weight and the appearance characteristics of the cattle;
s2, feeding and nutrition regulation: feeding the cattle selected in the step S1 with a specific proportion of nutrient component feed to obtain a feed;
s3, daily feeding management: comprises timely castration, feeding and drinking of cattle, periodic insect expelling, cowshed environment control, stress reduction, disease and epidemic prevention and marketing.
Preferably, the S1 specifically includes the following:
s1.1, month age: cattle 7-8 months old;
s1.2, body weight: 200-400 kg of cattle;
s1.3, appearance characteristics: the skin is thin and elastic, and the hair is thin and glossy; the neck is short, thick and naturally connected with the body; chest width and rib spacing width; the abdomen has large volume and round shape, and the abdomen does not droop; the head is short and wide; the back and waist are broad and flat; the nasal mirror wets with water drops.
Preferably, the S2 specifically includes the following:
s2.1, the influence of the feed on meat quality is in terms of fat quality and color;
the color of the fat is white, and the color of the fat is whitened by feeding wheat, wheat bran, sweet potato, potato and starch meal;
wheat bran, hay, rice grass, silage and compound feed are used for adapting the tenderness of fat;
the fat of the feeds such as barley, rye, sweet potato, starch meal, straw and the like is hardened;
s2.2, adding an antibiotic feed additive or not into the feed.
Preferably, the S3 specifically includes the following:
s3.1, castration: when the high-grade beef is produced, the fattening bull should be castrated, the castration time should be better within 3-4 months of age, and the latest time is not more than 10 months of age;
when castration is carried out in lactation period, the shape of the head of the cow is like that of a cow, the bone parts are thinned, and the bone marrow cavity is enlarged;
s3.2, feeding and drinking: feeding for 2-3 times a day, and freely drinking water;
s3.3, periodically expelling insects: after weaning, carrying out primary insect expelling, and carrying out isolated feeding for 2 weeks after insect expelling;
after 10-12 weeks, expelling parasites again
S3.4, cowshed environment control: the ventilation device is used for controlling the air in the cowshed, so that the temperature in the cowshed is the same as the outside, and the existence of harmful gas in the cowshed is reduced;
s3.5, reducing stress: in the fattening process, music is played for 2-3 times every day;
reducing the dysphoria of cattle before slaughtering, and preventing the occurrence of DFD meat;
s3.6, disease and epidemic prevention: for the sick cattle caused by non-infectious diseases and mechanical wounds, the treatment should be carried out, the infectious diseases occur in the field, the sick cattle should be isolated, and the dead cattle should be subjected to innocent treatment at fixed points;
s3.7, go out of the column: the time for the delivery should be calculated based on the weight of the cattle reaching 550-750kg and the month age of 25-30 months.
A ventilation device for use in a cultivation method for improving the quality of longeron beef, comprising a roof: the left side and the right side of the roof are fixedly connected with blocking plates, a second air suction pipe is fixedly connected between the two blocking plates, and a swing air suction mechanism is rotationally connected on the second air suction pipe;
the right side of the baffle plate is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is provided with an air suction and exhaust mechanism which is contacted with the second air suction pipe;
the top of the air suction and exhaust mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected with the swing air suction mechanism.
Preferably, the air suction and exhaust mechanism comprises a mounting cover, a groove is formed in the mounting cover in a penetrating manner, a connecting frame is arranged in the groove, the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the mounting cover, a plurality of arc plates are fixedly connected to the connecting frame, a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame, a power output shaft of the motor extends to the lower portion of the connecting frame and is fixedly connected with a driving column, a plurality of first fan blades are fixedly connected to the driving column, a first mounting ring is fixedly connected to the first fan blades, and a plurality of second fan blades are fixedly connected to the first mounting ring;
the lower part of the first mounting ring is rotationally connected with a second mounting ring, the bottom of the second mounting ring is fixedly connected with a second connecting cover, the second mounting ring is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting plates, the connecting plates are fixedly connected with a first mounting frame, the bottom of the first mounting frame is fixedly connected with a second mounting frame, the bottom of the second mounting frame is fixedly connected with a third connecting cover, and the second mounting frame is fixedly connected with the mounting cover;
the bottom of the third connecting cover is fixedly connected with a first air suction pipe, magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the first air suction pipe and the second air suction pipe, and the two magnetic rings are attracted magnetically.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a first connecting cover, magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the first connecting cover and the arc-shaped plate, and a plurality of magnetic rings are magnetically attracted;
the top of the first connecting cover is rotationally connected with a hollow pipe, a baffle plate is rotationally connected on the hollow pipe, the baffle plate is fixedly connected with a baffle plate, the top of the hollow pipe is fixedly connected with a rotating disc, the inside of the rotating disc is of a cavity structure, and a plurality of spray pipes are fixedly connected on the rotating disc;
the roof is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft, belt pulleys are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft and the hollow pipe, and the two belt pulleys are connected through a connecting belt;
fixedly connected with fixed disk in the second pivot, the fixed disk left side is provided with the installation pipe, the inside rotation of installation pipe is connected with first pivot, fixedly connected with gyro wheel in the first pivot, fixedly connected with mounting panel on the inner wall of installation pipe inner chamber, it is connected with the spliced pole to rotate on the mounting panel, the spliced pole is located inside the fixed disk.
Preferably, the swing air suction mechanism comprises a rotating frame, wherein a plurality of fourth rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the rotating frame, and the fourth rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the second air suction pipe;
a hollow frame is arranged above the fourth rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft is arranged in the hollow frame, the third rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the rotating frame, a plurality of hollow frames are connected through connecting rods, rotating pieces are connected to the connecting rods in a sliding manner, the rotating pieces are fixedly connected with a roof, and the hollow frame is fixedly connected with a mounting pipe;
the swing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating frame, a hose is embedded in the swing plate, and the hose extends to the inside of the rotating frame and is communicated with the second air suction pipe.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed box, the fixed box is fixedly connected with the mounting cover, two sliding plates are slidably connected in the fixed box, inserting rods are fixedly connected to the surfaces, facing away from the two sliding plates, of the two sliding plates, the inserting rods are slidably connected with the fixed box, springs are sleeved on the inserting rods, two ends of each spring are fixedly connected with the fixed box and the corresponding sliding plate respectively, the two sliding plates are connected through a second pull rope, and the second pull rope extends to the lower portion of the roof;
positioning columns are arranged on the left side and the right side of the fixed box, the positioning columns are fixedly connected with the baffle plates, connecting grooves are formed in the positioning columns, and the inserting rods are inserted into the connecting grooves;
the fixed pulley is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition plate, a first pull rope is arranged on the fixed pulley, one end of the first pull rope is fixedly connected with the mounting cover, and the other end of the first pull rope extends to the lower portion of the roof.
Preferably, a third exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second installation frame, a second exhaust pipe is arranged on the left side of the third exhaust pipe, the second exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with the baffle, magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the second exhaust pipe and the third exhaust pipe, and the two magnetic rings are attracted with each other magnetically;
and a plurality of first exhaust pipes are fixedly connected to the second exhaust pipes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is used as a main material, and the cattle is fed through feed and drinking water, so that the immunity and the resistance of the cattle are improved, the cultivation environment and the flow control are enhanced, the health state of the cattle with the Yanbian is improved, and the quality safety of the cattle with the Yanbian is ensured; the method has the advantages that the supply of partial vitamins is reduced in a specific fattening period, the marbling grade of the beef can be improved, subcutaneous and visceral fat deposition is reduced, in the specific fattening period, the supply amount and feeding time of the vitamins in daily ration of a high-grade beef cattle in the fattening period are adjusted, the subcutaneous and visceral fat is reduced or not increased, other meat quality characteristics and production performances are not influenced, the marbling grade of the beef is improved, the tenderness index of the beef is improved and regulated, the post-slaughter maturation time is shortened, and the shelf life is prolonged.
2. According to the invention, the first fan blade and the second fan blade are arranged, the installation states of the first fan blade and the second fan blade are opposite, and the first installation ring, the second installation ring and the arc plate are used for forming two spaces by means of the interval between the first installation ring and the arc plate, so that the first fan blade and the second fan blade generate suction force after the motor is driven, but the suction force directions of the first fan blade and the second fan blade are opposite, the first fan blade can pump out air in the cowshed, the second fan blade can pump out outside air into the cowshed to form two different effects, and the first exhaust pipe can effectively infuse outside air into the space in a small range according to the specific condition of the cowshed, so that the air can flow in an accelerating manner, and the effects of dissipating heat and toxic gas are realized.
3. By means of the first fan blade, the air can be pumped away, the pumped away air can effectively act on the spray pipe, the spray pipe drives the hollow pipe to rotate, the installation pipe can be effectively driven to move left and right, the installation pipe can drive the rotating frames to swing synchronously, the rotating frames can swing to drive the swinging plates to swing, air flow can be accelerated by means of the swinging plates, the direction of the hose can be changed, and therefore the hose can absorb air from different positions, and harmful gas can be discharged better.
4. Through pulling the second stay cord, can cancel the connection of inserted bar and reference column, the installation cover will cancel spacingly like this to can fall down, but owing to have the effect of first stay cord, by canceling spacingly the back at the installation cover, can make its stable decline, conveniently maintain, and adsorb through the magnetic ring between the pipeline that the multiunit is connected, not only can stable connection, can also have certain gas tightness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ventilating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the ventilating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the mounting cover of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a first fan blade and a second fan blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the fixing case of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a positioning column according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the swing suction mechanism of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a roof; 2. a baffle; 3. a first exhaust pipe; 4. a rotating disc; 5. a mounting cover; 6. a first air suction pipe; 7. a second exhaust pipe; 8. a second air suction pipe; 9. a rotating frame; 10. a third exhaust pipe; 12. a first pull rope; 13. a second pull rope; 14. installing a pipe; 15. a first rotating shaft; 16. a mounting plate; 17. rotating the column; 18. a second rotating shaft; 19. a fixed plate; 20. a roller; 21. a belt pulley; 22. a connecting belt; 23. a partition plate; 24. a fixed pulley; 25. a spray pipe; 26. a hollow tube; 27. a first connection cover; 28. a slide plate; 29. positioning columns; 30. a connecting frame; 31. an arc-shaped plate; 32. a motor; 33. a drive column; 34. a first fan blade; 35. a first mounting ring; 36. a second fan blade; 37. a second mounting ring; 38. a first mounting frame; 39. a connecting plate; 40. a second connection cover; 41. a second mounting frame; 42. a third connection cover; 43. a rod; 44. a fixed box; 45. a spring; 46. a connecting groove; 47. a hollow frame; 48. a third rotating shaft; 49. a connecting rod; 50. a fourth rotating shaft; 51. a hose; 52. and (5) swinging the plate.
Detailed Description
In order that the manner in which the above recited features, objects and advantages of the present invention are obtained, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Based on the examples in the embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain other examples without making any inventive effort, which fall within the scope of the invention.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-9, a cultivation method for improving the quality of the Yanbian beef, specifically, comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a bovine source: selecting a cattle source by judging the month age, the weight and the appearance characteristics of the cattle;
s2, feeding and nutrition regulation: feeding the cattle selected in the step S1 with a specific proportion of nutrient component feed to obtain a feed;
s3, daily feeding management: comprises timely castration, feeding and drinking of cattle, periodic insect expelling, cowshed environment control, stress reduction, disease and epidemic prevention and marketing.
S1 specifically comprises the following contents:
s1.1, month age: cattle 7-8 months old;
s1.2, body weight: 200-400 kg of cattle;
s1.3, appearance characteristics: the skin is thin and elastic, and the hair is thin and glossy; the neck is short, thick and naturally connected with the body; chest width and rib spacing width; the abdomen has large volume and round shape, and the abdomen does not droop; the head is short and wide; the back and waist are broad and flat; the nasal mirror wets with water drops.
S2 specifically comprises the following contents:
s2.1, the influence of the feed on meat quality is in terms of fat quality and color;
the color of the fat is white, and the color of the fat is whitened by feeding wheat, wheat bran, sweet potato, potato and starch meal;
wheat bran, hay, rice grass, silage and compound feed are used for adapting the tenderness of fat;
the fat of the feeds such as barley, rye, sweet potato, starch meal, straw and the like is hardened;
s2.2, adding an antibiotic feed additive or not into the feed;
s2.2, dividing the fattening process into 3 stages of early stage, medium stage and later stage according to different month ages of the fattening cattle. The recommended concentrate dry matter ration in the early stage (4-13 moa) is composed of: the crude protein is 12% -14%, the digestible energy is 3-3.2Mcal/kg, the calcium is 0.5%, the phosphorus is 0.25%, the vitamin A is 2000IU/kg, the dry matter mass of the fed concentrate is 1.2% -1.4% of the weight, and the crude feed such as high-quality silage, hay and the like can be freely eaten. The medium term (14-23 moa) recommended concentrate dry matter ration is composed of: the crude protein is 14% -16%, the digestible energy is 3.3-3.5Mcal/kg, the calcium is 0.4%, the phosphorus is 0.25%, the mass of the dry matters fed with the concentrate is 1.3% -1.5% of the weight, the crude feed mainly comprises processed corn stalks, straws, hay and the like, the daily feed intake is 2-3 kg/head, and silage corn and alfalfa hay are not fed. Later (24-30 moe) recommended concentrate dry matter ration is composed of: the crude protein is 11% -13%, the digestible energy is 3.3-3.5Mcal/kg, the calcium is 0.3%, the phosphorus is 0.27%, the dry matter mass of the fed concentrate is 1.4% -1.6% of the weight, the crude feed mainly comprises processed corn stalks, straws, hay and the like, and the daily feed intake is 1.5-2 kg/head. In order to ensure the flavor, fat color and meat color of meat, the feed raw material in the later period should contain more than 25% of wheat and more than 8% of soybean cake (meal), the cotton seed cake (meal) is not more than 3%, and the rapeseed cake (meal) is not used. In addition, trace elements, amino acids and the like can be added into the feed, which is beneficial to promoting the growth of fattening cattle.
S3 specifically comprises the following contents:
s3.1, castration: when the high-grade beef is produced, the fattening bull should be castrated, and the castration time should be better within 3-4 months of age;
when castration is carried out in lactation period, the shape of the head of the cow is like that of a cow, the bone parts are thinned, and the bone marrow cavity is enlarged;
s3.2, feeding and drinking: feeding for 2-3 times a day, and freely drinking water;
s3.3, periodically expelling insects: after weaning, carrying out primary insect expelling, and carrying out isolated feeding for 2 weeks after insect expelling;
after 10-12 weeks, expelling parasites again
S3.4, cowshed environment control: the ventilation device is used for controlling the air in the cowshed, so that the temperature in the cowshed is the same as the outside, and the existence of harmful gas in the cowshed is reduced;
s3.5, reducing stress: in the fattening process, music is played for 2-3 times every day;
reducing the dysphoria of cattle before slaughtering, and preventing the occurrence of DFD meat;
s3.6, disease and epidemic prevention: for the sick cattle caused by non-infectious diseases and mechanical wounds, the treatment should be carried out, the infectious diseases occur in the field, the sick cattle should be isolated, and the dead cattle should be subjected to innocent treatment at fixed points;
s3.7, go out of the column: the time for the delivery should be calculated by taking the weight of the cattle as 550-750kg and the month age as 25-30 months as standard;
no influence of antibiotic feed additive on conventional nutrient components in the beef of Yanbian cattle
The indexes such as moisture, crude protein, crude fat and the like in the muscle are important indexes for evaluating the nutritional value and the meat quality, and the moisture and the crude fat content in the muscle are closely related to the juiciness and the tenderness of the meat.
As can be seen from Table 2-1, the beef in the test group has crude protein content of 19.35% and crude fat content of 4.33%, respectively, and the conventional nutritional ingredients have no significant difference (P > 0.05) from the control group.
TABLE 2-1 content of conventional nutritional ingredients in beef of Yanbian cattle Ridge after addition of Chinese herbal feed additive
No influence of antibiotic feed additive on amino acid content in Yanbian yellow Niu Liji meat
The content and the composition of amino acid in beef are one of important indexes for evaluating the quality of the beef, the content of flavor amino acid in muscle is an important judgment basis for evaluating the flavor of the beef, and the content of essential amino acid is one of important factors for evaluating the nutritional value of beef protein.
As can be seen from tables 2-2, the essential amino acids/non-essential amino acids and the essential amino acids/total amino acids in the meat of the test group and the control group meet the model standard requirements of the national food and agricultural organization/world health organization (FAO/WHO), and the contents of 14 amino acids, umami amino acids, sweet amino acids, bitter amino acids, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and total amino acids in the beef of the test group are higher than those in the control group, but the differences are not significant (P > 0.05).
TABLE 2-2 amino acid content in beef of Yanbian cattle after adding Chinese herbal medicine feed additive
No influence of antibiotic feed additive on antibiotic residue in beef
Antibiotic abuse in the breeding industry leads to antibiotic drug residues in animal products, and as a result, bacteria in the human body generate drug resistance, thereby disturbing human micro-ecology. Various toxic and side effects such as allergies, hepatotoxicity, disorders of the reproductive system and even cancerous tissues and organs may be caused when the animal food with the residual antibiotics is ingested by the human body.
As can be seen from tables 2-3, no antibiotic component was detected in the control group and the antibiotic-free group of beef, indicating that no antibiotic residue was present in the beef, and that the beef was safe and reliable.
Tables 2-3 antibiotic analysis results in beef
No influence of antibiotic feed additive on heavy metal in beef
Heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium and cadmium are harmful to animal and human health, and often affect animal food safety through a food chain, so that the life and health of human bodies are endangered, and therefore, the pollution of 5 heavy metal elements such as lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium and cadmium should be strictly controlled in the production of healthy meat.
As can be seen from tables 2-4, the control group and the non-resistant group beef have no detected heavy metal components such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium and the like, which indicates that the beef has no heavy metal residue, and the beef is safe and reliable.
Tables 2-4 analysis results of heavy metals in beef
No influence of antibiotic feed additive on the color of the longwall beef
Meat color, shear force, drip loss, cooking loss, muscle pH, and the like are important indicators for assessing beef quality. The flesh color is mainly determined by the states and relative contents of myoglobin, oxymyoglobin and ferrimyoglobin, and is a comprehensive index reflecting the physiological, biochemical and microbiological changes of muscles. The higher the redness value, the better the flesh color.
As can be seen from tables 2 to 5, the redness values of the eye and the ridge portions of the test group were significantly improved as compared with the control group. The shear force of the chest meat of the longeron cattle of the test group is significantly reduced compared with the control group of the test group. There was no significant difference in drip loss and cook loss in the test group compared to the control group. The test group showed a significant decrease in the pH of the chest, eye and west cold beef of the longeron cattle compared to the control group, probably due to the large amount of lactic acid produced in the muscle after slaughter, resulting in a difference in the pH of the muscle at the two different sites, and the specific regulatory mechanism was still to be studied further.
Tables 2-5 determination of the color of Yanbian yellow beef after addition of Chinese herbal feed additive
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, in the case where the other portions are the same as in embodiment 1, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: a ventilation device for improving the quality of Yanbian beef, comprising a roof 1: the left side and the right side of the roof 1 are fixedly connected with blocking plates 2, a second air suction pipe 8 is fixedly connected between the two blocking plates 2, and a swing air suction mechanism is rotationally connected on the second air suction pipe 8;
the right side of the baffle plate 2 is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is provided with an air suction and exhaust mechanism which is contacted with the second air suction pipe 8;
the top of the air suction and exhaust mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism which is connected with the swing air suction mechanism;
the air suction and exhaust mechanism comprises a mounting cover 5, a groove is formed in the mounting cover 5 in a penetrating manner, a connecting frame 30 is arranged in the groove, the connecting frame 30 is fixedly connected with the mounting cover 5, a plurality of arc plates 31 are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 30, a motor 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame 30, a power output shaft of the motor 32 extends to the lower portion of the connecting frame 30 and is fixedly connected with a driving column 33, a plurality of first fan blades 34 are fixedly connected to the driving column 33, a first mounting ring 35 is fixedly connected to the first fan blades 34, and a plurality of second fan blades 36 are fixedly connected to the first mounting ring 35;
the lower part of the first mounting ring 35 is rotationally connected with a second mounting ring 37, the bottom of the second mounting ring 37 is fixedly connected with a second connecting cover 40, the second mounting ring 37 is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting plates 39, the connecting plates 39 are fixedly connected with a first mounting frame 38, the bottom of the first mounting frame 38 is fixedly connected with a second mounting frame 41, the bottom of the second mounting frame 41 is fixedly connected with a third connecting cover 42, and the second mounting frame 41 is fixedly connected with the mounting cover 5;
the bottom of the third connecting cover 42 is fixedly connected with a first air suction pipe 6, the first air suction pipe 6 and the second air suction pipe 8 are fixedly connected with magnetic rings, and the two magnetic rings are attracted magnetically;
the driving mechanism comprises a first connecting cover 27, magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the first connecting cover 27 and the arc-shaped plate 31, and the magnetic rings are attracted with each other magnetically;
the top of the first connecting cover 27 is rotationally connected with a hollow pipe 26, the hollow pipe 26 is rotationally connected with a baffle plate 23, the baffle plate 23 is fixedly connected with the baffle plate 2, the top of the hollow pipe 26 is fixedly connected with a rotating disc 4, the inside of the rotating disc 4 is of a cavity structure, and a plurality of spray pipes 25 are fixedly connected on the rotating disc 4;
the roof 1 is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft 18, the second rotating shaft 18 and the hollow pipe 26 are fixedly connected with belt pulleys 21, and the two belt pulleys 21 are connected through a connecting belt 22;
the second rotating shaft 18 is fixedly connected with a fixed disc 19, the left side of the fixed disc 19 is provided with a mounting tube 14, a first rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected inside the mounting tube 14, a roller 20 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 15, a mounting plate 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity of the mounting tube 14, a rotating column 17 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 16, and the rotating column 17 is positioned inside the fixed disc 19;
starting the motor 32, wherein the motor 32 drives the driving column 33 to rotate, the driving column 33 drives the first fan blade 34 and the second fan blade 36 to rotate, and the installation directions of the first fan blade 34 and the second fan blade 36 are opposite, so that the suction force generated in the operation process of the first fan blade 34 and the second fan blade 36 is opposite, and the space in the first installation frame 38, the second installation frame 41 and the installation cover 5 is divided into two parts due to the arrangement of the first installation ring 35 and the second installation ring 37;
the first fan blades 34 positioned in the first mounting ring 35 and the second mounting ring 37 can generate upward suction force, so that the air in the cowshed can be discharged out of the cowshed through the first air suction pipe 6, the second air suction pipe 8 and the spray pipe 25;
the second fan blades 36 positioned on the outer sides of the first mounting ring 35 and the second mounting ring 37 can generate downward suction force to suck outside air away from the first exhaust pipe 3, the second exhaust pipe 7 and the third exhaust pipe 10 to be discharged into the cowshed, and the first exhaust pipe 3 can move randomly, so that the outside air can be effectively infused into a space in a small range by means of the specific condition of the cowshed through the first exhaust pipe 3, the air can flow in an accelerating way, and the effects of dispelling heat and toxic gas are realized.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, in the case where the other portions are the same as in embodiment 1, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the swing air suction mechanism comprises a rotating frame 9, a plurality of fourth rotating shafts 50 are rotatably connected in the rotating frame 9, and the fourth rotating shafts 50 are rotatably connected with the second air suction pipe 8;
a hollow frame 47 is arranged above the fourth rotating shaft 50, a third rotating shaft 48 is arranged inside the hollow frame 47, the third rotating shaft 48 is rotationally connected with the rotating frame 9, a plurality of hollow frames 47 are connected through connecting rods 49, rotating pieces are slidingly connected to the connecting rods 49 and fixedly connected with the roof 1, and the hollow frame 47 is fixedly connected with the mounting tube 14;
the bottom of the rotating frame 9 is fixedly connected with a swinging plate 52, a hose 51 is embedded in the swinging plate 52, and the hose 51 extends into the rotating frame 9 and is communicated with the second air suction pipe 8;
the first fan blade 34 is used for pumping air, the pumped air enters the rotating disc 4 and is finally sprayed out from the spray pipe 25, under the action of the spray pipe 25, the rotating disc 4 can drive the hollow pipe 26 to rotate, the hollow pipe 26 drives the second rotating shaft 18 to rotate through the belt pulley 21 and the connecting belt 22, the second rotation drives the fixed box 44 to rotate, the fixed box 44 drives the mounting tube 14 to move left and right through the rotating column 17, the mounting tube 14 rotates and moves to pull the hollow frame 47 to move, so that the hollow frame 47 acts on the third rotating shaft 48, the hollow frame 47 can enable the rotating frame 9 to swing around the fourth rotating shaft 50, the swinging plate 52 swings, the swinging plate 52 can accelerate air flow, the hose 51 can change the direction, and thus the air can be absorbed from different positions, and harmful gases can be better discharged.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, in the case where the other portions are the same as in embodiment 1, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed box 44, the fixed box 44 is fixedly connected with the mounting cover 5, two sliding plates 28 are slidably connected in the fixed box 44, the opposite sides of the two sliding plates 28 are fixedly connected with a plug rod 43, the plug rod 43 is slidably connected with the fixed box 44, a spring 45 is sleeved on the plug rod 43, two ends of the spring 45 are respectively fixedly connected with the fixed box 44 and the sliding plates 28, the two sliding plates 28 are connected through a second pull rope 13, and the second pull rope 13 extends to the lower part of the roof 1;
positioning columns 29 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the fixed box 44, the positioning columns 29 are fixedly connected with the baffle plate 2, connecting grooves 46 are formed in the positioning columns 29, and the inserting rods 43 are inserted into the connecting grooves 46;
the bottom of the partition plate 23 is fixedly connected with a fixed pulley 24, the fixed pulley 24 is provided with a first pull rope 12, one end of the first pull rope 12 is fixedly connected with the mounting cover 5, and the other end of the first pull rope 12 extends to the lower part of the roof 1;
the bottom of the second installation frame 41 is fixedly connected with a third exhaust pipe 10, the left side of the third exhaust pipe 10 is provided with a second exhaust pipe 7, the second exhaust pipe 7 is fixedly connected with the baffle 2, the second exhaust pipe 7 and the third exhaust pipe 10 are fixedly connected with magnetic rings, and the two magnetic rings are attracted with each other magnetically;
the second exhaust pipe 7 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first exhaust pipes 3;
through pulling second stay cord 13, second stay cord 13 makes two slide 28 be close to each other to two inserted bars 43 also can be close to each other, later on, inserted bars 43 will break away from with reference column 29, and installation cover 5 will lose spacingly like this, can the landing get off, at this moment through release first stay cord 12, can slowly release installation cover 5, because installation cover 5 conveniently releases, thereby conveniently maintain, avoided the high altitude work, and adsorb through the magnetic ring between the pipeline that the multiunit is connected, not only can stable connection, can also have certain gas tightness.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A breeding method for improving the quality of Yanbian beef is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a bovine source: selecting a cattle source by judging the month age, the weight and the appearance characteristics of the cattle;
s2, feeding and nutrition regulation: feeding the cattle selected in the step S1 with a specific proportion of nutrient component feed to obtain a feed;
s3, daily feeding management: comprises timely castration, feeding and drinking of cattle, periodic insect expelling, cowshed environment control, stress reduction, disease and epidemic prevention and marketing.
2. The method for raising the quality of the Yanbian beef cattle meat according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S1 specifically comprises the following contents:
s1.1, month age: cattle 7-8 months old;
s1.2, body weight: 200-400 kg of cattle;
s1.3, appearance characteristics: the skin is thin and elastic, and the hair is thin and glossy; the neck is short, thick and naturally connected with the body; chest width and rib spacing width; the abdomen has large volume and round shape, and the abdomen does not droop; the head is short and wide; the back and waist are broad and flat; the nasal mirror wets with water drops.
3. The method for raising the quality of the Yanbian beef cattle meat according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S2 specifically comprises the following contents:
s2.1, the influence of the feed on meat quality is in terms of fat quality and color;
the color of the fat is white, and the color of the fat is whitened by feeding wheat, wheat bran, sweet potato, potato and starch meal;
wheat bran, hay, rice grass, silage and compound feed are used for adapting the tenderness of fat;
barley, rye, sweet potato, starch meal, straw feed stiffen fat;
s2.2, adding an antibiotic feed additive or not into the feed.
4. The method for raising the quality of the Yanbian beef cattle meat according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S3 specifically comprises the following contents:
s3.1, castration: when the high-grade beef is produced, the fattening bull should be castrated, and the castration time should be better within 3-4 months of age;
when castration is carried out in lactation period, the shape of the head of the cow is like that of a cow, the bone parts are thinned, and the bone marrow cavity is enlarged;
s3.2, feeding and drinking: feeding for 2-3 times a day, and freely drinking water;
s3.3, periodically expelling insects: after weaning, carrying out primary insect expelling, and carrying out isolated feeding for 2 weeks after insect expelling;
after 10-12 weeks, expelling parasites again
S3.4, cowshed environment control: the ventilation device is used for controlling the air in the cowshed, so that the temperature in the cowshed is the same as the outside, and the existence of harmful gas in the cowshed is reduced;
s3.5, reducing stress: in the fattening process, music is played for 2-3 times every day;
reducing the dysphoria of cattle before slaughtering, and preventing the occurrence of DFD meat;
s3.6, disease and epidemic prevention: for the sick cattle caused by non-infectious diseases and mechanical wounds, the treatment should be carried out, the infectious diseases occur in the field, the sick cattle should be isolated, and the dead cattle should be subjected to innocent treatment at fixed points;
s3.7, go out of the column: the time for the delivery should be calculated based on the weight of the cattle reaching 550-750kg and the month age of 25-30 months.
5. A ventilation device for improving the quality of the Yanbian cattle meat, which comprises a roof (1): the method is characterized in that: the left side and the right side of the roof (1) are fixedly connected with blocking plates (2), a second air suction pipe (8) is fixedly connected between the two blocking plates (2), and a swing air suction mechanism is rotationally connected on the second air suction pipe (8);
the right side of the baffle plate (2) is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is provided with an air suction and exhaust mechanism which is contacted with the second air suction pipe (8);
the top of the air suction and exhaust mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected with the swing air suction mechanism.
6. A ventilation device for use in a method of raising the quality of longwall beef according to claim 1, wherein: the air suction and exhaust mechanism comprises a mounting cover (5), a groove is formed in the mounting cover (5) in a penetrating manner, a connecting frame (30) is arranged in the groove, the connecting frame (30) is fixedly connected with the mounting cover (5), a plurality of arc plates (31) are fixedly connected to the connecting frame (30), a motor (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame (30), a power output shaft of the motor (32) extends to the lower portion of the connecting frame (30) and is fixedly connected with a driving column (33), a plurality of first fan blades (34) are fixedly connected to the driving column (33), a first mounting ring (35) is fixedly connected to the first fan blades (34), and a plurality of second fan blades (36) are fixedly connected to the first mounting ring (35);
the novel mounting structure is characterized in that a second mounting ring (37) is rotationally connected below the first mounting ring (35), a second connecting cover (40) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second mounting ring (37), a plurality of connecting plates (39) are fixedly connected to the second mounting ring (37), a first mounting frame (38) is fixedly connected to the connecting plates (39), a second mounting frame (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first mounting frame (38), a third connecting cover (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second mounting frame (41), and the second mounting frame (41) is fixedly connected with the mounting cover (5);
the bottom of the third connecting cover (42) is fixedly connected with a first air suction pipe (6), magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the first air suction pipe (6) and the second air suction pipe (8), and the two magnetic rings are attracted mutually.
7. The ventilation device for use in the cultivation method for improving the quality of the longwall beef according to claim 6, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a first connecting cover (27), magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the first connecting cover (27) and the arc-shaped plate (31), and a plurality of magnetic rings are attracted with each other;
the top of the first connecting cover (27) is rotationally connected with a hollow pipe (26), the hollow pipe (26) is rotationally connected with a partition plate (23), the partition plate (23) is fixedly connected with a baffle plate (2), the top of the hollow pipe (26) is fixedly connected with a rotating disc (4), the inside of the rotating disc (4) is of a cavity structure, and a plurality of spray pipes (25) are fixedly connected to the rotating disc (4);
the roof (1) is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft (18), the second rotating shaft (18) and the hollow tube (26) are fixedly connected with belt pulleys (21), and the two belt pulleys (21) are connected through a connecting belt (22);
fixedly connected with fixed disk (19) on second pivot (18), fixed disk (19) left side is provided with mounting tube (14), inside rotation of mounting tube (14) is connected with first pivot (15), fixedly connected with gyro wheel (20) on first pivot (15), fixedly connected with mounting panel (16) on mounting tube (14) inner chamber inner wall, rotation is connected with rotation post (17) on mounting panel (16), rotation post (17) are located inside fixed disk (19).
8. The ventilation device for use in the cultivation method for improving the quality of the longwall beef according to claim 7, wherein: the swing air suction mechanism comprises a rotating frame (9), a plurality of fourth rotating shafts (50) are rotatably connected inside the rotating frame (9), and the fourth rotating shafts (50) are rotatably connected with the second air suction pipe (8);
a hollow frame (47) is arranged above the fourth rotating shaft (50), a third rotating shaft (48) is arranged inside the hollow frame (47), the third rotating shaft (48) is rotationally connected with the rotating frame (9), a plurality of the hollow frames (47) are connected through connecting rods (49), rotating pieces are slidingly connected to the connecting rods (49), the rotating pieces are fixedly connected with the roof (1), and the hollow frame (47) is fixedly connected with the mounting pipe (14);
the swing plate (52) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating frame (9), a hose (51) is embedded in the swing plate (52), and the hose (51) extends to the inside of the rotating frame (9) and is communicated with the second air suction pipe (8).
9. A ventilation device for use in a method of raising quality of longwall beef according to claim 8, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed box (44), the fixed box (44) is fixedly connected with a mounting cover (5), two sliding plates (28) are connected in the fixed box (44) in a sliding manner, inserting rods (43) are fixedly connected to one faces, deviating from the sliding plates (28), of the two sliding plates, the inserting rods (43) are connected with the fixed box (44) in a sliding manner, springs (45) are sleeved on the inserting rods (43), two ends of each spring (45) are respectively fixedly connected with the fixed box (44) and the sliding plates (28), the two sliding plates (28) are connected through second pull ropes (13), and the second pull ropes (13) extend to the lower portion of a roof (1);
positioning columns (29) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the fixed box (44), the positioning columns (29) are fixedly connected with the baffle plate (2), connecting grooves (46) are formed in the positioning columns (29), and the inserting rods (43) are inserted into the connecting grooves (46);
the fixed pulley (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition plate (23), a first pull rope (12) is arranged on the fixed pulley (24), one end of the first pull rope (12) is fixedly connected with the mounting cover (5), and the other end of the first pull rope (12) extends to the lower portion of the roof (1).
10. A ventilation device for use in a method of raising the quality of longwall beef as claimed in claim 9, wherein: a third exhaust pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second installation frame (41), a second exhaust pipe (7) is arranged on the left side of the third exhaust pipe (10), the second exhaust pipe (7) is fixedly connected with the baffle plate (2), magnetic rings are fixedly connected to the second exhaust pipe (7) and the third exhaust pipe (10), and the two magnetic rings attract each other magnetically;
and the second exhaust pipes (7) are fixedly connected with a plurality of first exhaust pipes (3).
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