CN117691950A - Injection locking push-push type oscillator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an injection locking push-push type oscillator, which comprises a push-push type oscillator, a microstrip annular coupler and a power synthesizer, wherein the microstrip annular coupler is used for receiving an injection signal and transmitting the injection signal to the push-push type oscillator, the push-push type oscillator generates a signal and generates two roadbed wave signals based on the received injection signal to transmit the two roadbed wave signals to the power synthesizer, and the power synthesizer synthesizes and cancels the two roadbed wave signals to generate and output a second harmonic wave signal. The scheme of the invention adopts a differential filter as a common frequency selection network of the push-push type oscillator, better suppresses fundamental waves, adopts a fundamental wave injection harmonic locking mode to perform injection locking on the push-push type oscillator, improves the second harmonic output power, and simultaneously improves the Q at an oscillation frequency point based on a complex quality factor principle SC Values, thereby optimizing phase noise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oscillators, and particularly relates to an injection locking push-push type oscillator.
Background
With the development of scientific technology, the performance requirements of oscillators are higher and higher nowadays, particularly in terms of long-term stability, the requirement that phase noise is optimized only through a resonant cavity with a high Q value is difficult to meet, and the phase noise must be further reduced by a new method, so that the long-term frequency stability is improved.
In addition to the method of optimizing the oscillator circuit itself, low phase noise can be achieved using frequency-dependent techniques, which generate high frequency signals by using high-performance low frequency signals. The common frequency coherent technology comprises a frequency multiplication technology, a phase locking technology and an injection locking technology, and an oscillator using fundamental wave injection harmonic locking is existing at present, but the fundamental wave suppression degree is not high, and the output harmonic power is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide an injection locked push-push oscillator.
The specific technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
an injection locking push-push type oscillator comprises a push-push type oscillator, a microstrip annular coupler and a power synthesizer;
the microstrip annular coupler is used for receiving injection signals and transmitting the injection signals to the push-push type oscillator, the push-push type oscillator generates signals and generates two-stage baseband signals based on the received injection signals to transmit the two-stage baseband signals to the power synthesizer, and the power synthesizer synthesizes and cancels the two-stage baseband signals to generate and output second harmonic signals.
Further, the microstrip annular coupler comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port;
the first port is a signal injection port, the third port is connected with a load resistor, and the second port and the fourth port are used as output ports and are respectively connected with the push-push type oscillator.
Further, the push-push type oscillator comprises a SIW differential filter, a first sub-oscillator, a second sub-oscillator, a first output port, a second output port, a first injection port, a second injection port, a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler;
the SIW differential filter is respectively connected with the first sub-oscillator, the second sub-oscillator, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler;
the other ends of the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are respectively connected with a first injection port and a second injection port;
the other ends of the first injection port and the second injection port are respectively connected with the second port and the fourth port of the microstrip annular coupler;
the output end of the SIW differential filter is respectively connected with the first output port and the second output port;
the first output port and the second output port are respectively connected with the power combiner.
Further, the power combiner comprises a first input port, a second input port and an output port;
the first input port and the second input port are respectively connected with the output port of the push-push type oscillator;
the output port is connected with the first input port and the second input port and is used as an output port of the injection locking push-push type oscillator.
Further, the SIW differential filter receives signals generated by the first sub-oscillator and the second sub-oscillator, and injection signals received by the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler, generates two paths of signals with 180-degree phase difference, and transmits the signals to the power combiner through the first output port and the second output port.
Further, the signals generated by the differential filter and 180 degrees out of phase are respectively:
wherein a is 0 Representing a direct current component; n represents a sequence constant; t represents time;
the final output signal superimposed by the power combiner is:
wherein a is n Is the amplitude of the n-th harmonic component.
Further, the frequency value of the injection signal is the complex quality factor value Q of the SIW differential filter SC Is at the peak of (c).
Further, the load resistance value of the third port connection is 50Ω.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the scheme, the differential filter is adopted as a common frequency selection network of the push-push type oscillator, so that fundamental waves can be well restrained, and the output power of second harmonic waves can be improved;
(2) The scheme of the invention is based on complex quality factor (Q SC ) Principle by increasing Q at the oscillation frequency point SC Values, thereby optimizing phase noise;
(3) The scheme of the invention adopts a fundamental wave injection harmonic locking mode to carry out injection locking on the push-push type oscillator, thereby further optimizing phase noise.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an injection locked push-push oscillator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a push-push type oscillator with injection port of the injection locked push-push type oscillator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip ring coupler of an injection locking push-push oscillator according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power combiner of an injection locked push-push oscillator according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of phase noise without injection signal in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of phase noise during injection locking according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An injection locking push-push type oscillator comprises a push-push type oscillator 1, a microstrip annular coupler 2 and a power synthesizer 3;
the microstrip annular coupler 2 is used for receiving injection signals and generating two paths of constant-amplitude inverted signals to be transmitted to the push-push type oscillator 1, the push-push type oscillator 1 generates signals and generates two roadbed wave signals based on the constraint of the received injection signals to be transmitted to the power synthesizer 3, and the power synthesizer synthesizes and cancels the two roadbed wave signals to generate and output second harmonic signals.
The microstrip annular coupler 2 comprises a first port 2-1, a second port 2-2, a third port 2-3 and a fourth port 2-4;
the first port 2-1 is a signal injection port, the third port 2-3 is connected with a load resistor, and the second port 2-2 and the fourth port 2-4 are used as output ports to be respectively connected with the push-push type oscillator 1.
The insertion loss between the second port 2-2 and the fourth port 2-4 of the microstrip annular coupler 2 and the first port 2-1 serving as input is about 3dB, the phase difference is about 180 degrees, and the load resistance value connected with the third port 2-3 is 50Ω.
The push-push type oscillator 1 comprises a SIW differential filter 1-1, a first sub-oscillator 1-2, a second sub-oscillator 1-3, a first output port 1-4, a second output port 1-5, a first injection port 1-6, a second injection port 1-7, a first directional coupler 1-8 and a second directional coupler 1-9;
the SIW differential filter 1-1 is respectively connected with the first sub-oscillator 1-2, the second sub-oscillator 1-3, the first directional coupler 1-8 and the second directional coupler 1-9;
the other ends of the first directional coupler 1-8 and the second directional coupler 1-9 are respectively connected with a first injection port 1-6 and a second injection port 1-7;
the other ends of the first injection port 1-6 and the second injection port 1-7 are respectively connected with a second port 2-2 and a fourth port 2-4 of the microstrip annular coupler 2;
the output end of the SIW differential filter 1-1 is connected with a first output port 1-4 and a second output port 1-5 respectively;
the first output ports 1-4 and the second output ports 1-5 are respectively connected with the power combiner 3.
The SIW differential filter 1-1 is composed of five cavities, and the length of the middle cavity is twice the width with respect to central symmetrical distribution. The coplanar waveguide structure used in the microstrip line transition part has magnetic coupling mode between the cavities, and the TE101 mode and the TE102 mode exist simultaneously during operation to realize differential transmission.
The power combiner 3 comprises a first input port 3-1, a second input port 3-2 and an output port 3-3;
the first input port 3-1 and the second input port 3-2 are respectively connected with the output port of the push-push type oscillator 1;
the output port 3-3 is connected to the first input port 3-1 and the second input port 3-2 and serves as an output port of the injection-locked push-push oscillator.
The power synthesizer 3 synthesizes two paths of signals which are 180 degrees different in phase and generated by the push-push type oscillator, so that fundamental wave signals are canceled, and second harmonic signals are synthesized and output.
The SIW differential filter 1-1 receives signals generated by the first sub-oscillator 1-2 and the second sub-oscillator 1-3 respectively, and injection signals received by the first directional coupler 1-8 and the second directional coupler 1-9 are two paths of signals with equal amplitude and opposite phases generated by the two paths of microstrip annular couplers, and generate two paths of signals with 180-degree phase difference, and the signals are transmitted to the power synthesizer 3 through the first output port 1-4 and the second output port 1-5.
The frequency value of the injection signal is the complex quality factor value Q of the SIW differential filter 1-1 SC By taking the SIW differential filter 1-1 as a shared frequency-selecting network of two sub-oscillators, signals of two fundamental wave phases are directly generated, the symmetry of the circuit is improved, after the signals pass through a synthesizer, the fundamental wave can be always generated, the second harmonic output is improved, the characteristic of injection locking optimized phase noise is combined, and meanwhile, the oscillation frequency point is ensured to be Q of the SIW differential filter SC At the peak, the phase noise performance of the oscillator is greatly optimized.
The traditional push-push type oscillator uses two symmetrical unit oscillators to share one resonator, the two unit oscillators generate a phase difference with a phase difference of 180 degrees through a phase shifter and other methods, the two signals are sent into a power synthesis circuit, and finally, signals with enhanced second harmonic and suppressed fundamental waves are generated. The scheme adopts a resonant network (SIW differential filter 1-1) capable of directly generating opposite-phase excitation current, ensures that two paths of signals are opposite in fundamental wave phase after coming out of the resonator, and then directly sends the signals into a power synthesis circuit, and simultaneously uses injection signals to further optimize phase noise. The first sub-oscillator (1-2) and the second sub-oscillator (1-3) are designed on the same fundamental frequency, because the differential filter used in the embodiment can ensure that the output signals of the two sub-oscillators are 180 degrees out of phase, it can be assumed that the signals entering the two paths of transistors are respectively:
V i1 =Ae jωt (1.1)
V i2 =Ae jωt-π (1.2)
for the common source transistor amplifying circuit, if the input signal is x and the output signal is y, there is
Substituting the formulas (1.1) and (1.2) into the formula (1.3) to obtain transistor drain output signals respectively as follows:
wherein a is 0 Representing a direct current component; n represents a sequence constant; t represents time;
when the two paths of signals are overlapped by the power synthesizer, fundamental waves and odd harmonics are counteracted, second harmonic components and other even harmonics are overlapped, and a final output signal overlapped by the power synthesizer 3 is as follows:
wherein a is n Is the amplitude of the n-th harmonic component.
The direct current component can be filtered by the capacitor, and the rest is the superimposed even harmonic component, and the required second harmonic is also contained therein.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, an injection-locked push-push oscillator includes a push-push oscillator 1, a microstrip ring coupler 2, and a power combiner 3;
the microstrip annular coupler 2 is used for receiving injection signals and generating two paths of constant-amplitude inverted signals to be transmitted to the push-push type oscillator 1, the push-push type oscillator 1 generates signals and generates two roadbed wave signals based on the constraint of the received injection signals to be transmitted to the power synthesizer 3, and the power synthesizer synthesizes and cancels the two roadbed wave signals to generate and output second harmonic signals.
Wherein, referring to fig. 3, the microstrip annular coupler 2 includes a first port 2-1, a second port 2-2, a third port 2-3 and a fourth port 2-4;
the first port 2-1 is a signal injection port, the third port 2-3 is connected with a load resistor, and the second port 2-2 and the fourth port 2-4 are used as output ports to be respectively connected with the push-push type oscillator 1.
The insertion loss between the second port 2-2 and the fourth port 2-4 of the microstrip annular coupler 2 and the first port 2-1 serving as input is about 3dB, the phase difference is about 180 degrees, and the load resistance value connected with the third port 2-3 is 50Ω.
Referring to fig. 2, the push-push type oscillator 1 includes a SIW differential filter 1-1, a first sub-oscillator 1-2, a second sub-oscillator 1-3, a first output port 1-4, a second output port 1-5, a first injection port 1-6, a second injection port 1-7, a first directional coupler 1-8, and a second directional coupler 1-9;
the SIW differential filter 1-1 is respectively connected with the first sub-oscillator 1-2, the second sub-oscillator 1-3, the first directional coupler 1-8 and the second directional coupler 1-9;
the other ends of the first directional coupler 1-8 and the second directional coupler 1-9 are respectively connected with a first injection port 1-6 and a second injection port 1-7;
the other ends of the first injection port 1-6 and the second injection port 1-7 are respectively connected with a second port 2-2 and a fourth port 2-4 of the microstrip annular coupler 2;
the output end of the SIW differential filter 1-1 is connected with a first output port 1-4 and a second output port 1-5 respectively;
the first output ports 1-4 and the second output ports 1-5 are respectively connected with the power combiner 3.
The SIW differential filter 1-1 is composed of five cavities, and the length of the middle cavity is twice the width with respect to central symmetrical distribution. The coplanar waveguide structure used in the microstrip line transition part has magnetic coupling mode between the cavities, and the TE101 mode and the TE102 mode exist simultaneously during operation to realize differential transmission.
Referring to fig. 4, the power combiner 3 includes a first input port 3-1, a second input port 3-2, and an output port 3-3;
the first input port 3-1 and the second input port 3-2 are respectively connected with the output port of the push-push type oscillator 1;
the output port 3-3 is connected to the first input port 3-1 and the second input port 3-2 and serves as an output port of the injection-locked push-push oscillator.
The power synthesizer 3 synthesizes two paths of signals which are 180 degrees different in phase and generated by the push-push type oscillator, so that fundamental wave signals are canceled, and second harmonic signals are synthesized and output.
The SIW differential filter 1-1 receives signals generated by the first sub-oscillator 1-2 and the second sub-oscillator 1-3 respectively, and injection signals received by the first directional coupler 1-8 and the second directional coupler 1-9 are two paths of signals with equal amplitude and opposite phases generated by the two paths of microstrip annular couplers, and generate two paths of signals with 180-degree phase difference, and the signals are transmitted to the power synthesizer 3 through the first output port 1-4 and the second output port 1-5.
The frequency value of the injection signal is the complex quality factor value Q of the SIW differential filter 1-1 SC By taking the SIW differential filter 1-1 as a shared frequency-selecting network of two sub-oscillators, signals of two fundamental wave phases are directly generated, the symmetry of the circuit is improved, after the signals pass through a synthesizer, the fundamental wave can be always generated, the second harmonic output is improved, the characteristic of injection locking optimized phase noise is combined, and meanwhile, the oscillation frequency point is ensured to be Q of the SIW differential filter SC At the peak, the phase noise performance of the oscillator is greatly optimized.
The frequency value of the injection signal is the complex quality factor value Q of the SIW differential filter 1-1 SC By taking the SIW differential filter 1-1 as a shared frequency-selecting network of two sub-oscillators, signals of two fundamental wave phases are directly generated, the symmetry of the circuit is improved, after the signals pass through a synthesizer, the fundamental wave can be always generated, the second harmonic output is improved, the characteristic of injection locking optimized phase noise is combined, and meanwhile, the oscillation frequency point is ensured to be Q of the SIW differential filter SC At the peak, the phase noise performance of the oscillator is greatly optimized.
The traditional push-push type oscillator uses two symmetrical unit oscillators to share one resonator, the two unit oscillators generate a phase difference with a phase difference of 180 degrees through a phase shifter and other methods, the two signals are sent into a power synthesis circuit, and finally, signals with enhanced second harmonic and suppressed fundamental waves are generated. The scheme adopts a resonant network (SIW differential filter 1-1) capable of directly generating opposite-phase excitation current, ensures that two paths of signals are opposite in fundamental wave phase after coming out of the resonator, and then directly sends the signals into a power synthesis circuit, and simultaneously uses injection signals to further optimize phase noise. The first sub-oscillator (1-2) and the second sub-oscillator (1-3) are designed on the same fundamental frequency, because the differential filter used in the embodiment can ensure that the output signals of the two sub-oscillators are 180 degrees out of phase, it can be assumed that the signals entering the two paths of transistors are respectively:
V i1 =Ae jωt (1.1)
V i2 =Ae jωt-π (1.2)
for the common source transistor amplifying circuit, if the input signal is x and the output signal is y, there is
Substituting the formulas (1.1) and (1.2) into the formula (1.3) to obtain transistor drain output signals respectively as follows:
wherein a is 0 Representing a direct current component; n represents a sequence constant; t represents time;
when the two paths of signals are overlapped by the power synthesizer, fundamental waves and odd harmonics are counteracted, second harmonic components and other even harmonics are overlapped, and a final output signal overlapped by the power synthesizer 3 is as follows:
wherein a is n Is the amplitude of the n-th harmonic component.
The direct current component can be filtered by the capacitor, and the rest is the superimposed even harmonic component, and the required second harmonic is also contained therein.
The test phase noise diagrams of the invention are shown in figures 5 and 6, and are respectively phase noise diagrams without injection signals and injection locking, at the moment, the output fundamental wave frequency of the oscillator is 6.8GHz, the second harmonic frequency is 13.6GHz, the phase noise is-132 dBc/Hz@1MHz when no signal is injected, the phase noise is-137 dBc/Hz@1MHz when the signal is injected, and the phase noise is optimized.
In summary, the injection locking push-push type oscillator of the invention uses the SIW differential filter as the common frequency-selecting network to optimize the fundamental wave suppression degree and the phase noise on the basis of the traditional push-push type oscillator, and simultaneously increases the injection port to realize the fundamental wave injection harmonic locking, further optimizes the phase noise, and finally obtains the oscillator with good phase noise performance, thereby being very suitable for the wireless communication system with high requirement on the local oscillation signal. The invention has the advantages of low power consumption, high fundamental wave suppression degree, low phase noise, high quality factor and stable output frequency.
The foregoing embodiments illustrate and describe the basic principles, principal features of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An injection locking push-push type oscillator is characterized by comprising a push-push type oscillator (1), a microstrip annular coupler (2) and a power synthesizer (3);
the microstrip annular coupler (2) is used for receiving injection signals and transmitting the injection signals to the push-push type oscillator (1), the push-push type oscillator (1) generates signals and generates two-stage baseband signals based on the received injection signals and transmits the two-stage baseband signals to the power synthesizer (3), and the power synthesizer synthesizes and cancels the two-stage baseband signals to generate and output second harmonic signals.
2. The injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that the microstrip ring coupler (2) comprises a first port (2-1), a second port (2-2), a third port (2-3) and a fourth port (2-4);
the first port (2-1) is a signal injection port, the third port (2-3) is connected with a load resistor, and the second port (2-2) and the fourth port (2-4) are used as output ports to be respectively connected with the push-push type oscillator (1).
3. The injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 2, characterized in that the push-push oscillator (1) comprises a SIW differential filter (1-1), a first sub-oscillator (1-2), a second sub-oscillator (1-3), a first output port (1-4), a second output port (1-5), a first injection port (1-6), a second injection port (1-7), a first directional coupler (1-8) and a second directional coupler (1-9);
the SIW differential filter (1-1) is respectively connected with the first sub-oscillator (1-2), the second sub-oscillator (1-3), the first directional coupler (1-8) and the second directional coupler (1-9);
the other ends of the first directional coupler (1-8) and the second directional coupler (1-9) are respectively connected with a first injection port (1-6) and a second injection port (1-7);
the other ends of the first injection port (1-6) and the second injection port (1-7) are respectively connected with a second port (2-2) and a fourth port (2-4) of the microstrip annular coupler (2);
the output end of the SIW differential filter (1-1) is respectively connected with a first output port (1-4) and a second output port (1-5);
the first output port (1-4) and the second output port (1-5) are respectively connected with the power synthesizer (3).
4. The injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 2, characterized in that the power combiner (3) comprises a first input port (3-1), a second input port (3-2) and an output port (3-3);
the first input port (3-1) and the second input port (3-2) are respectively connected with the output port of the push-push type oscillator (1);
the output port (3-3) is connected with the first input port (3-1) and the second input port (3-2) and is used as an output port of the injection locking push-push type oscillator.
5. An injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that the SIW differential filter (1-1) receives the signals generated by the first sub-oscillator (1-2) and the second sub-oscillator (1-3), and the injection signals received by the first directional coupler (1-8) and the second directional coupler (1-9), respectively, and generates two signals 180 degrees out of phase, which are transmitted to the power combiner (3) through the first output port (1-4) and the second output port (1-5).
6. Injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 5, characterized in that the signals generated by the differential filter (1-1) 180 degrees out of phase are respectively:
wherein a is 0 Representing a direct current component; n represents a sequence constant; t represents time;
the final output signal superimposed by the power combiner (3) is:
wherein a is n Is the amplitude of the n-th harmonic component.
7. An injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that the frequency value of the injection signal is the complex quality factor value Q of the SIW differential filter (1-1) SC Is at the peak of (c).
8. Injection locked push-push oscillator according to claim 2, characterized in that the load resistance of the third port (2-3) connection is 50 Ω.
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