CN117691726A - Energy conversion system based on self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology - Google Patents
Energy conversion system based on self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy conversion system based on a self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology, which relates to the technical field of self-adaptive voltage regulation and comprises an electric energy monitoring module, a bidirectional inversion module, a self-adaptive voltage-regulating module, a cooperative protection module and an electric energy storage module; the electric energy monitoring module monitors input electric energy parameters of the energy conversion system and sends the input electric energy parameters to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module; analyzing the electric energy quality in real time, and monitoring the change or abnormality of the input voltage, current and frequency; the bidirectional inversion module selects a proper conversion mode according to the system requirement and the conversion mode adjustment signal of the self-adaptive voltage regulation module; the self-adaptive voltage regulating module automatically regulates output electric energy parameters according to the analysis result of the input electric energy parameters; the electric energy storage module continuously monitors the state of self-stored electric energy; the cooperative protection module generates a system protection activation signal and sends the system protection activation signal to the bidirectional inversion module. The invention is compatible with the voltage and frequency of the global power grid, and saves energy consumption according to different voltage adjustment strategies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of self-adaptive voltage regulation, and particularly relates to an energy conversion system based on a self-adaptive voltage regulation charging technology.
Background
With the increasing use of renewable energy sources (such as solar and wind), and the development of electric vehicle and smart grid technologies, there is an increasing demand for more flexible, efficient energy conversion systems.
Conventional energy conversion systems, such as transformers and rectifiers, typically have a fixed output voltage and current. These systems are inefficient in handling different loads or power conditions because they are unable to adjust the output according to the load demand.
Early adaptive voltage regulation techniques attempted to regulate output via simple control algorithms, but these systems generally had slow response and limited regulation range, failing to meet the varying modern power requirements.
Based on the self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology, the invention provides an energy conversion system based on the self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy conversion system based on a self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology, which is used for solving the technical problems that the voltage regulation is difficult and the voltage regulation efficiency is low in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the energy conversion system based on the self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology is characterized by comprising an electric energy monitoring module, a bidirectional inversion module, a self-adaptive voltage-regulating module, a cooperative protection module and an electric energy storage module;
the power monitoring module monitors input power parameters of the power conversion system, including input voltage, current and frequency, and sends the input power parameters to the self-adaptive voltage regulation module; the electric energy monitoring module analyzes the electric energy quality in real time and monitors the change or abnormality of the input voltage, current and frequency; if the continuous changes of the input voltage, the current and the frequency are monitored, an input change alarm signal is generated, and the input change alarm signal is sent to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module; if sudden abnormality of the input voltage, current and frequency is monitored, an input abnormality alarm signal is generated, and the input abnormality alarm signal is sent to a cooperative protection module;
the bidirectional inversion module selects proper conversion modes including AC-DC conversion and DC-AC conversion according to the system requirements and receiving the conversion mode adjustment signals of the self-adaptive voltage regulation module; in the AC-DC conversion mode, converting alternating current from external input into direct current, and storing the direct current in an electric energy storage module for an external load to use; in the DC-AC conversion mode, converting the direct current from the electric energy storage module into alternating current for an external load to use the alternating current; the bidirectional inversion module executes an emergency response program when receiving a system protection activation signal from the cooperative protection module;
the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives the input electric energy parameters of the electric energy monitoring module, analyzes the input electric energy parameters and automatically adjusts the output electric energy parameters according to the analysis result of the input electric energy parameters; when the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives an input change alarm signal from the electric energy monitoring module, the input voltage, the input current and the input frequency are indicated to be continuously changed, a conversion mode adjusting signal is generated, and the conversion mode adjusting signal carries output electric energy parameters and is sent to the bidirectional inversion module;
the electric energy storage module receives and stores direct current of the bidirectional inversion module, continuously monitors the state of self-stored electric energy, generates an energy storage state signal and sends the energy storage state signal to the automatic voltage regulation module;
when the cooperative protection module receives the input abnormal signal of the electric energy monitoring module, a system protection activation signal is generated and sent to the bidirectional inversion module.
Preferably, the specific step of analyzing the power quality in real time by the power monitoring module includes:
monitoring input voltage, current and frequency of the energy conversion system in real time, drawing a sampling waveform diagram for the input voltage and current, and calculating an equation RMS =Calculating root mean square values of the voltage and the current in each sampling period; where T represents a sampling period, T represents a sampling frequency within each sampling period, i.e., a sampling time point, and x (T) represents a voltage or current value at each sampling time point; in a normal input state, the root mean square value of the voltage and the current in each sampling period has no larger difference, a significant difference threshold value is set, and if the voltage and the current deviation exceeds the significant difference threshold value, the input voltage and the current are judged to generate sudden abnormality; in the power grids of different countries and regions, the frequencies are all stable values, the root mean square value of the input frequency is not calculated in the process of monitoring the input frequency, and when the input frequency is changed, the sudden abnormality of the frequency is judged;
on the other handPerforming fast Fourier transform on the input voltage and current, and converting the input voltage and current values in the time domain into the frequency domain to obtain amplitude and phase information of different frequency components; then taking the sampled frequency as a fundamental frequency, dividing a fundamental wave and a plurality of higher harmonics under the frequency, recording the amplitude of each harmonic, and using a formulaCalculating the total harmonic distortion, wherein V1 represents the fundamental wave amplitude, and Vn represents the harmonic amplitude of the nth harmonic; when the total harmonic distortion reaches 5%, harmonic pollution exists, and sudden abnormality of input voltage, current and frequency is judged;
the method comprises the steps of calculating the root mean square value of an input electric energy waveform by carrying out time domain analysis on input voltage, current and frequency, knowing the stability of the input electric energy, and judging whether each index has sudden abnormality according to deviation; on the frequency domain, carrying out Fourier transform on input voltage and current, identifying harmonic components of quantized input electric energy, and judging whether each index has sudden abnormality according to the total harmonic distortion degree;
if any one reason judges that the input electric energy parameter has sudden abnormality in the working process of the electric energy monitoring module, an input abnormality alarm signal is generated, and the input abnormality alarm signal is sent to the cooperative protection module; in the monitoring of the later stage, if the input electric energy is stable and changed, namely the input voltage, the current and the frequency are different from the previous sampling, an input change alarm signal is generated, and the input change alarm signal is sent to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module.
Preferably, the step of executing the emergency response program when the bidirectional inverter module receives the system protection activation signal of the cooperative protection module includes: immediately disconnecting the power supply to the external load, and stopping the power supply to the external load in the DC-AC conversion mode; the electric energy storage module is protected, and in the AC-DC conversion mode, the charging process of the electric energy storage module is stopped, so that the battery is protected from being influenced by overcharge or overdischarge; and record critical data including voltage, current and frequency when the fault occurred.
Preferably, the specific method steps of the bidirectional inversion module for outputting different voltages and frequencies according to the output electric energy parameters comprise:
firstly, the specific steps of converting different voltages through a PWM inverter comprise the steps of determining a required voltage, determining a required output voltage, and determining the duty ratio of a PWM signal by the output voltage; generating a PWM signal, wherein the PWM signal is generated by using a microcontroller, and the PWM signal is a square wave signal, and the duty ratio, namely the ratio of the on time to the total period of the switch, determines the magnitude of the output voltage; adjusting the duty cycle, in order to obtain the required output voltage, adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, increasing the duty cycle increases the average value of the output voltage, and decreasing the duty cycle decreases it; in the power stage, PWM signals control power switches of an inverter, the switches are rapidly opened and closed at high frequency, and output voltage is modulated according to the duty ratio of the PWM signals; filtering, wherein the output is a pulse signal, and the output is smoothed by a low-pass filter comprising an inductor and a capacitor to generate a sine wave; feedback and regulation, the output voltage is continuously monitored and compared with the input voltage, the microcontroller adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal to maintain the desired output voltage;
secondly, the specific step of converting different frequencies through the PWM inverter comprises the steps of determining a required frequency, determining a required output frequency and setting the required output frequency to be the same as an input frequency; adjusting the frequency of the PWM signal, determining the frequency of the output of the inverter by using the frequency of the PWM signal generated by the microcontroller, and changing the frequency of the PWM signal can change the frequency of the output of the inverter; controlling a switching operation to control a frequency of the output current by changing a switching frequency of the switching element; frequency synchronization, when the inverter needs to be synchronized with the power grid, the output frequency of the inverter needs to be precisely controlled to match the power grid frequency; the output frequency is monitored by a feedback mechanism and fine-tuned according to the input frequency.
Preferably, the specific working steps of the adaptive voltage regulating module include:
the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives input electric energy parameters of the electric energy monitoring module to obtain input voltage, current and frequency information, and in different countries, the voltage and the frequency have different requirements, so that when an external load is connected according to the input voltage frequency, the electric energy storage module discharges to the bidirectional inversion module, and the bidirectional inversion module converts different discharge voltages through DC-AC; when receiving the input change alarm signal from the electric energy monitoring module, the device generates a conversion mode adjustment signal, carries output electric energy parameters and sends the conversion mode adjustment signal to the bidirectional inversion module;
on the other hand, the self-adaptive voltage regulating module expands charge-discharge voltage control by using two working modes of the bidirectional inversion module, adopts a charge-discharge voltage control method to formulate charge-discharge voltage control strategies under different working states of external loads, and changes the charge-discharge modes so that the bidirectional inversion module selects optimal voltage when the AC-DC is charged and the DC-AC is discharged;
the charging voltage refers to the charging voltage and the discharging voltage, and the charging voltage refers to the voltage when the bidirectional inversion module inputs direct current into the electric energy storage module after passing through the AC-DC; the discharging voltage refers to the voltage when the electric energy storage module inputs direct current to the bidirectional inversion module; and the voltage output to the load is the output voltage subjected to DC-AC conversion;
the charging and discharging modes comprise a normal charging mode, a quick charging mode, an active off-load mode, a floating charging mode and a closing mode.
Further, the specific steps of the charge-discharge voltage control method include:
when the external load is started, in order not to increase the energy conversion load, the charging behavior of the bidirectional inversion module to the electric energy storage module is in a stop state, namely, the charging and discharging modes are in a closing mode;
when no external load exists or the external load stops, the charge and discharge mode is in the off mode;
when the external load is in the process from running to stopping, namely, when the external load is in a braking state, the external load power is gradually reduced, the electric energy storage state of the electric energy storage module is judged according to the energy storage state signal, when the electric energy storage is not full, the charging and discharging mode is in an active stopping mode, the voltage of the electric energy storage module discharged through the bidirectional inversion module is increased, meanwhile, the charging voltage of the bidirectional inversion module is increased, the braking power is increased, and the stopping time is shortened; when the electric energy storage is full, the charging and discharging mode is in a floating charging mode, the charging voltage of the bidirectional inversion module is reduced, and the discharging voltage is maintained;
when the external load power is increased, judging an electric energy storage state, and when the electric energy storage is full, closing the charge of the bidirectional inversion module to the electric energy storage module, and maintaining the discharge voltage;
when the external load power is stable, judging an electric energy storage state, and setting a charge-discharge mode as a shutdown mode when the electric energy storage capacity is more than 50%; when the electric energy storage capacity is below 20%, the charge-discharge mode is set to the fast charge mode; and when the electric energy storage capacity is 20% -50%, the charging and discharging mode is set to be a normal charging mode.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the energy conversion system based on the self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology, the change or abnormality of a power grid is identified and responded by monitoring and analyzing the parameters of input electric energy in real time, so that the electric energy quality and stability of the system are improved; the bidirectional inversion module can flexibly switch between AC-DC and DC-AC conversion according to different requirements and conditions, and meets diversified energy application requirements.
2. According to the energy conversion system based on the self-adaptive voltage regulation charging technology, the output electric energy parameter is automatically adjusted through the real-time parameter of the input electric energy of the self-adaptive voltage regulation module, the output electric energy meets the requirements of an external load or an electric energy storage module, the monitoring and management of the electric energy storage module meets the requirements of high-efficiency storage and use of electric energy, and meanwhile storage equipment is protected from being overcharged or overdischarged.
3. According to the energy conversion system based on the self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology, the cooperative protection module can rapidly react when detecting the abnormality of the input electric energy, and the protection mechanism is activated to protect the system from potential damage; under different working states of an external load, the charge-discharge voltage control strategy helps to reduce loss in the energy conversion process and improve the energy use efficiency; the system can be adaptively adjusted according to the power grid standards of different countries and regions, and provides applicability and efficient energy conversion.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an energy conversion system based on an adaptive voltage regulation charging technique of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the output voltage conversion of the bidirectional inverter module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides an energy conversion system based on an adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology, which comprises an electric energy monitoring module, a bidirectional inversion module, an adaptive voltage-regulating module, a cooperative protection module and an electric energy storage module.
The power monitoring module monitors input power parameters of the power conversion system, including input voltage, current and frequency, and sends the input power parameters to the self-adaptive voltage regulation module; the electric energy monitoring module analyzes the electric energy quality in real time and monitors the change or abnormality of the input voltage, current and frequency; if the continuous changes of the input voltage, the current and the frequency are monitored, an input change alarm signal is generated, and the input change alarm signal is sent to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module; if sudden anomalies of the input voltage, current and frequency are monitored, an input anomaly alarm signal is generated, and the input anomaly alarm signal is sent to the cooperative protection module.
The bidirectional inversion module receives a conversion mode adjustment signal of the self-adaptive voltage regulation module, selects a proper conversion mode and adjusts charge and discharge voltage; the conversion modes include AC-DC conversion and DC-AC conversion; in the AC-DC conversion mode, converting alternating current from external input into direct current, and storing the direct current in an electric energy storage module for an external load to use; in the DC-AC conversion mode, converting the direct current from the electric energy storage module into alternating current for an external load to use the alternating current; the bi-directional inversion module executes an emergency response procedure upon receiving the system protection activation signal from the cooperative protection module.
The self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives the input electric energy parameters of the electric energy monitoring module, analyzes the input electric energy parameters and automatically adjusts the output electric energy parameters according to the analysis result of the input electric energy parameters; when the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives an input change alarm signal of the electric energy monitoring module, the input voltage, the input current and the input frequency are indicated to be continuously changed, a conversion mode adjusting signal is generated, output electric energy parameters are carried, and the conversion mode adjusting signal is sent to the bidirectional inversion module; the self-adaptive voltage regulating module can also control the charge-discharge voltage between the bidirectional inversion module and the electric energy storage module according to a control strategy by a charge-discharge voltage control method according to the state of an external load.
The electric energy storage module receives and stores the direct current of the bidirectional inversion module, continuously monitors the state of the electric energy stored by the electric energy storage module, generates an energy storage state signal and sends the energy storage state signal to the automatic voltage regulation module.
When the cooperative protection module receives the input abnormal signal of the electric energy monitoring module, a system protection activation signal is generated and sent to the bidirectional inversion module.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: the electric energy monitoring module can timely identify and respond to the change or abnormality of the power grid by monitoring the input electric energy parameters in real time, so that the stability and the optimization performance of the system are ensured; the self-adaptive voltage regulating module automatically adjusts output electric energy parameters according to the data of the electric energy monitoring module, so that an efficient energy management strategy is provided, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the energy waste is reduced; the system can automatically adjust the charge and discharge voltage according to the state of an external load, obtains the optimal voltage when using different equipment and application, and improves the conversion efficiency of the system.
Example 2
The embodiment provides specific steps of the power monitoring module for analyzing the power quality in real time:
monitoring input voltage, current and frequency of the energy conversion system in real time, drawing a sampling waveform diagram for the input voltage and current, and calculating an equation RMS =Calculating root mean square values of the voltage and the current in each sampling period; where T represents a sampling period, T represents a sampling frequency within each sampling period, i.e., a sampling time point, and x (T) represents a voltage or current value at each sampling time point; in a normal input state, the root mean square value of the voltage and the current in each sampling period has no larger difference, a significant difference threshold value is set, and if the voltage and the current deviation exceeds the significant difference threshold value, the input voltage and the current are judged to generate sudden abnormality; in the power grids of different countries and regions, the frequencies are all stable values, the root mean square value of the input frequency is not calculated in the process of monitoring the input frequency, and when the input frequency is changed, the sudden abnormality of the frequency is judged.
On the other hand, performing fast Fourier transform on the input voltage and current, and converting the input voltage and current values in the time domain into the frequency domain to obtain amplitude and phase information of different frequency components; then taking the sampled frequency as a fundamental frequency, dividing a fundamental wave and a plurality of higher harmonics under the frequency, recording the amplitude of each harmonic, and using a formulaCalculating the total harmonic distortion, wherein V1 represents the fundamental wave amplitude, and Vn represents the harmonic amplitude of the nth harmonic; when the total harmonic distortion reaches 5%, harmonic pollution exists, and sudden abnormality of input voltage, current and frequency is judged.
The method comprises the steps of calculating the root mean square value of an input electric energy waveform by carrying out time domain analysis on input voltage, current and frequency, knowing the stability of the input electric energy, and judging whether each index has sudden abnormality according to deviation; and carrying out Fourier transform on the input voltage and the input current in a frequency domain, identifying harmonic components of quantized input electric energy, and judging whether each index has sudden abnormality according to the total harmonic distortion degree.
If any one reason judges that the input electric energy parameter has sudden abnormality in the working process of the electric energy monitoring module, an input abnormality alarm signal is generated, and the input abnormality alarm signal is sent to the cooperative protection module; in the monitoring of the later stage, if the input electric energy is stable and changed, namely the input voltage, the current and the frequency are different from the previous sampling, an input change alarm signal is generated, and the input change alarm signal is sent to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module.
The beneficial effects of the above content are: the current state of the power grid can be accurately analyzed and understood by monitoring the input voltage, current and frequency in real time and drawing a sampling waveform chart; the power data is analyzed by using root mean square value calculation and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), so that power quality analysis is provided, conventional power problems are identified, and complex harmonic distortion and frequency abnormality can be detected; when the root mean square value of the voltage or the current changes remarkably, or the total harmonic distortion reaches a threshold value, the system rapidly recognizes the anomalies and gives an alarm to prevent potential equipment damage and system faults; by continuously monitoring and analyzing the power quality, the system takes steps before potential problems occur, improving overall reliability and stability.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment provides specific working steps of the bidirectional inverter module, and the steps of converting different output voltages and frequencies by the bidirectional inverter module include:
firstly, determining a required voltage, determining a required output voltage, and determining the duty ratio of a PWM signal by the output voltage; generating a PWM signal, wherein the PWM signal is generated by using a microcontroller, and the PWM signal is a square wave signal, and the duty ratio, namely the ratio of the on time to the total period of the switch, determines the magnitude of the output voltage; adjusting the duty cycle, in order to obtain the required output voltage, adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, increasing the duty cycle increases the average value of the output voltage, and decreasing the duty cycle decreases it; in the power stage, PWM signals control power switches of an inverter, the switches are rapidly opened and closed at high frequency, and output voltage is modulated according to the duty ratio of the PWM signals; filtering, wherein the output is a pulse signal, and the output is smoothed by a low-pass filter comprising an inductor and a capacitor to generate a sine wave; the feedback and regulation, the output voltage is continuously monitored and compared to the input voltage, and the microcontroller adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal to maintain the desired output voltage.
Secondly, the specific step of converting different frequencies through the PWM inverter comprises the steps of determining a required frequency, determining a required output frequency and setting the required output frequency to be the same as an input frequency; adjusting the frequency of the PWM signal, determining the frequency of the output of the inverter by using the frequency of the PWM signal generated by the microcontroller, and changing the frequency of the PWM signal can change the frequency of the output of the inverter; controlling a switching operation to control a frequency of the output current by changing a switching frequency of the switching element; frequency synchronization, when the inverter needs to be synchronized with the power grid, the output frequency of the inverter needs to be precisely controlled to match the power grid frequency; the output frequency is monitored by a feedback mechanism and fine-tuned according to the input frequency.
The step of executing the emergency response program when the bidirectional inversion module receives the system protection activation signal of the cooperative protection module comprises the following steps: immediately disconnecting the power supply to the external load, and stopping the power supply to the external load in the DC-AC conversion mode; the electric energy storage module is protected, and in the AC-DC conversion mode, the charging process of the electric energy storage module is stopped, so that the battery is protected from being influenced by overcharge or overdischarge; and record critical data including voltage, current and frequency when the fault occurred.
The bidirectional inversion module has the beneficial effects that by accurately controlling the duty ratio and the frequency of the PWM signal, the output voltage and the frequency can be accurately regulated by the bidirectional inversion module, and the requirements of different loads and power grid conditions are met; the output voltage and the frequency are adaptively adjusted, the use efficiency of the whole energy is improved, and the energy waste is reduced; by smoothing the output voltage waveform, the inverter module can generate high-quality electric energy supply, and harmonic interference is reduced; the bidirectional inversion module can flexibly process the conversion from AC to DC and DC to AC, and is suitable for various energy input and output requirements; when the abnormality of the system is detected, the power supply is rapidly disconnected through an emergency response program, so that the external load and the electric energy storage module are prevented from being damaged, and the overall safety and reliability of the system are improved.
Example 4
The embodiment provides specific working steps of the self-adaptive voltage regulating module, which comprise:
the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives input electric energy parameters of the electric energy monitoring module to obtain input voltage, current and frequency information, and in different countries, the voltage and the frequency have different requirements, so that when an external load is connected according to the input voltage frequency, the electric energy storage module discharges to the bidirectional inversion module, and the bidirectional inversion module converts different discharge voltages through DC-AC; and when receiving the input change alarm signal from the electric energy monitoring module, generating a conversion mode adjustment signal, carrying the output electric energy parameter, and sending the conversion mode adjustment signal to the bidirectional inversion module.
On the other hand, the self-adaptive voltage regulating module expands charge and discharge voltage control by two working modes of the bidirectional inversion module, and adopts a charge and discharge voltage control method to formulate charge and discharge voltage control strategies under different working states of external loads, so that the bidirectional inversion module selects optimal voltage when the AC-DC is charged and the DC-AC is discharged.
The charging voltage refers to the charging voltage and the discharging voltage, and the charging voltage refers to the voltage when the bidirectional inversion module inputs direct current into the electric energy storage module after passing through the AC-DC; the discharging voltage refers to the voltage when the electric energy storage module inputs direct current to the bidirectional inversion module; and the voltage output to the load is the DC-AC converted output voltage.
The charge-discharge voltage control method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the external load is started, in order not to increase the energy conversion load, the charging behavior of the bidirectional inverter module to the electric energy storage module is in a stopped state, i.e. the charging and discharging mode is in a closed mode.
When there is no external load or the external load is stopped, the charge-discharge mode is in the off mode.
When the external load is in the process from running to stopping, namely, when the external load is in a braking state, the external load power is gradually reduced, the electric energy storage state of the electric energy storage module is judged according to the energy storage state signal, when the electric energy storage is not full, the charging and discharging mode is in an active stopping mode, the voltage of the electric energy storage module discharged through the bidirectional inversion module is increased, meanwhile, the charging voltage of the bidirectional inversion module is increased, the braking power is increased, and the stopping time is shortened; when the electric energy storage is full, the charging and discharging mode is in a floating charging mode, the charging voltage of the bidirectional inversion module is reduced, and the discharging voltage is maintained.
When the external load power is increased, the electric energy storage state is judged, and when the electric energy storage is full, the bidirectional inversion module is closed to charge the electric energy storage module, and the discharge voltage is maintained.
When the external load power is stable, judging an electric energy storage state, and setting a charge-discharge mode as a shutdown mode when the electric energy storage capacity is more than 50%; when the electric energy storage capacity is below 20%, the charge-discharge mode is set to the fast charge mode; and when the electric energy storage capacity is 20% -50%, the charging and discharging mode is set to be a normal charging mode.
The self-adaptive voltage regulating module has the beneficial effects that as the voltage and the frequency have different requirements in different countries, the self-adaptive voltage regulating module can be adjusted according to the input voltage and frequency, so that the system is applicable to various power grid standards in the global scope; when an external load is connected, the self-adaptive voltage regulating module discharges electricity to the bidirectional inversion module through the electric energy storage module, so that the energy conversion efficiency in the DC-AC conversion process is optimized; when receiving an input change alarm signal from the electric energy monitoring module, the self-adaptive voltage regulating module can quickly generate an adjusting signal and adjust the output parameter of the bidirectional inversion module to adapt to changing power grid conditions or load demands; the self-adaptive voltage regulating module can flexibly formulate a charging and discharging control strategy according to different working states of external loads, and is convenient for selecting optimal voltage in the processes of AC-DC charging and DC-AC discharging.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The energy conversion system based on the self-adaptive voltage-regulating charging technology is characterized by comprising an electric energy monitoring module, a bidirectional inversion module, a self-adaptive voltage-regulating module, a cooperative protection module and an electric energy storage module;
the power monitoring module monitors input power parameters of the power conversion system, including input voltage, current and frequency, and sends the input power parameters to the self-adaptive voltage regulation module; the electric energy monitoring module analyzes the electric energy quality in real time and monitors the change or abnormality of the input voltage, current and frequency; if the continuous changes of the input voltage, the current and the frequency are monitored, an input change alarm signal is generated, and the input change alarm signal is sent to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module; if sudden abnormality of the input voltage, current and frequency is monitored, an input abnormality alarm signal is generated, and the input abnormality alarm signal is sent to a cooperative protection module;
the bidirectional inversion module selects proper conversion modes including AC-DC conversion and DC-AC conversion according to the system requirements and receiving the conversion mode adjustment signals of the self-adaptive voltage regulation module; in the AC-DC conversion mode, converting alternating current from external input into direct current, and storing the direct current in an electric energy storage module for an external load to use; in the DC-AC conversion mode, converting the direct current from the electric energy storage module into alternating current for an external load to use the alternating current; the bidirectional inversion module executes an emergency response program when receiving a system protection activation signal from the cooperative protection module;
the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives the input electric energy parameters of the electric energy monitoring module, analyzes the input electric energy parameters and automatically adjusts the output electric energy parameters according to the analysis result of the input electric energy parameters; when the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives an input change alarm signal from the electric energy monitoring module, the input voltage, the input current and the input frequency are indicated to be continuously changed, a conversion mode adjusting signal is generated, and the conversion mode adjusting signal carries output electric energy parameters and is sent to the bidirectional inversion module;
the electric energy storage module receives and stores direct current of the bidirectional inversion module, continuously monitors the state of self-stored electric energy, generates an energy storage state signal and sends the energy storage state signal to the automatic voltage regulation module;
when the cooperative protection module receives the input abnormal signal of the electric energy monitoring module, a system protection activation signal is generated and sent to the bidirectional inversion module.
2. The energy conversion system based on the adaptive voltage regulation charging technology according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of the power monitoring module analyzing the power quality in real time includes:
monitoring input voltage, current and frequency of the energy conversion system in real time, drawing a sampling waveform diagram for the input voltage and current, and calculating an equation RMS =Calculating root mean square values of the voltage and the current in each sampling period; where T represents a sampling period, T represents a sampling frequency within each sampling period, i.e., a sampling time point, and x (T) represents a voltage or current value at each sampling time point; voltage and current in each sampling period under normal input stateThe square root value has no large difference, a significant difference threshold value is set, and if the voltage and current deviation exceeds the significant difference threshold value, the input voltage and current are judged to generate sudden abnormality; in the power grids of different countries and regions, the frequencies are all stable values, the root mean square value of the input frequency is not calculated in the process of monitoring the input frequency, and when the input frequency is changed, the sudden abnormality of the frequency is judged;
performing fast Fourier transform on the input voltage and current, and converting the time-domain input voltage and current values into a frequency domain to obtain amplitude and phase information of different frequency components; then taking the sampled frequency as a fundamental frequency, dividing a fundamental wave and a plurality of higher harmonics under the frequency, recording the amplitude of each harmonic, and using a formulaCalculating the total harmonic distortion, wherein V1 represents the fundamental wave amplitude, and Vn represents the harmonic amplitude of the nth harmonic; when the total harmonic distortion reaches 5%, harmonic pollution exists, and sudden abnormality of input voltage, current and frequency is judged;
the method comprises the steps of calculating the root mean square value of an input electric energy waveform by carrying out time domain analysis on input voltage, current and frequency, knowing the stability of the input electric energy, and judging whether each index has sudden abnormality according to deviation; on the frequency domain, carrying out Fourier transform on input voltage and current, identifying harmonic components of quantized input electric energy, and judging whether each index has sudden abnormality according to the total harmonic distortion degree;
if any one reason judges that the input electric energy parameter has sudden abnormality in the working process of the electric energy monitoring module, an input abnormality alarm signal is generated, and the input abnormality alarm signal is sent to the cooperative protection module; in the monitoring of the later stage, if the input electric energy is stable and changed, namely the input voltage, the current and the frequency are different from the previous sampling, an input change alarm signal is generated, and the input change alarm signal is sent to the self-adaptive voltage regulating module.
3. The energy conversion system based on the adaptive voltage regulating charging technology according to claim 1, wherein the step of executing the emergency response program by the bi-directional inverter module upon receiving the system protection activation signal of the cooperative protection module comprises: immediately disconnecting the power supply to the external load, and stopping the power supply to the external load in the DC-AC conversion mode; the electric energy storage module is protected, and in the AC-DC conversion mode, the charging process of the electric energy storage module is stopped, so that the battery is protected from being influenced by overcharge or overdischarge; and record critical data including voltage, current and frequency when the fault occurred.
4. The energy conversion system based on the adaptive voltage regulation charging technology according to claim 1, wherein the specific method steps of the bidirectional inversion module outputting different voltages and frequencies according to the output power parameters include:
firstly, the specific steps of converting different voltages through a PWM inverter comprise the steps of determining a required voltage, determining a required output voltage, and determining the duty ratio of a PWM signal by the output voltage; generating a PWM signal, wherein the PWM signal is generated by using a microcontroller, and the PWM signal is a square wave signal, and the duty ratio, namely the ratio of the on time to the total period of the switch, determines the magnitude of the output voltage; adjusting the duty cycle, in order to obtain the required output voltage, adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, increasing the duty cycle increases the average value of the output voltage, and decreasing the duty cycle decreases it; in the power stage, PWM signals control power switches of an inverter, the switches are rapidly opened and closed at high frequency, and output voltage is modulated according to the duty ratio of the PWM signals; filtering, wherein the output is a pulse signal, and the output is smoothed by a low-pass filter comprising an inductor and a capacitor to generate a sine wave; feedback and regulation, the output voltage is continuously monitored and compared with the input voltage, the microcontroller adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal to maintain the desired output voltage;
secondly, the specific step of converting different frequencies through the PWM inverter comprises the steps of determining a required frequency, determining a required output frequency and setting the required output frequency to be the same as an input frequency; adjusting the frequency of the PWM signal, determining the frequency of the output of the inverter by using the frequency of the PWM signal generated by the microcontroller, and changing the frequency of the PWM signal can change the frequency of the output of the inverter; controlling a switching operation to control a frequency of the output current by changing a switching frequency of the switching element; frequency synchronization, when the inverter needs to be synchronized with the power grid, the output frequency of the inverter needs to be precisely controlled to match the power grid frequency; the output frequency is monitored by a feedback mechanism and fine-tuned according to the input frequency.
5. The energy conversion system based on the adaptive voltage regulation charging technology according to claim 1, wherein the specific working steps of the adaptive voltage regulation module include:
the self-adaptive voltage regulating module receives input electric energy parameters of the electric energy monitoring module to obtain input voltage, current and frequency information, and in different countries, the voltage and the frequency have different requirements, so that when an external load is connected according to the input voltage frequency, the electric energy storage module discharges to the bidirectional inversion module, and the bidirectional inversion module converts different discharge voltages through DC-AC; when receiving the input change alarm signal from the electric energy monitoring module, the device generates a conversion mode adjustment signal, carries output electric energy parameters and sends the conversion mode adjustment signal to the bidirectional inversion module;
the self-adaptive voltage regulating module expands charge and discharge voltage control by using two working modes of the bidirectional inversion module, adopts a charge and discharge voltage control method to formulate charge and discharge voltage control strategies under different working states of an external load, and changes the charge and discharge modes so that the bidirectional inversion module selects optimal voltage when the AC-DC is charged and the DC-AC is discharged;
the charging voltage refers to the charging voltage and the discharging voltage, and the charging voltage refers to the voltage when the bidirectional inversion module inputs direct current into the electric energy storage module after passing through the AC-DC; the discharging voltage refers to the voltage when the electric energy storage module inputs direct current to the bidirectional inversion module; and the voltage output to the load is the output voltage subjected to DC-AC conversion;
the charging and discharging modes comprise a normal charging mode, a quick charging mode, an active off-load mode, a floating charging mode and a closing mode.
6. The energy conversion system based on the adaptive voltage regulation charging technology according to claim 5, wherein the charge-discharge voltage control method comprises the specific steps of:
when the external load is started, in order not to increase the energy conversion load, the charging behavior of the bidirectional inversion module to the electric energy storage module is in a stop state, namely, the charging and discharging modes are in a closing mode;
when no external load exists or the external load stops, the charge and discharge mode is in the off mode;
when the external load is in the process from running to stopping, namely, when the external load is in a braking state, the external load power is gradually reduced, the electric energy storage state of the electric energy storage module is judged according to the energy storage state signal, when the electric energy storage is not full, the charging and discharging mode is in an active stopping mode, the voltage of the electric energy storage module discharged through the bidirectional inversion module is increased, meanwhile, the charging voltage of the bidirectional inversion module is increased, the braking power is increased, and the stopping time is shortened; when the electric energy storage is full, the charging and discharging mode is in a floating charging mode, the charging voltage of the bidirectional inversion module is reduced, and the discharging voltage is maintained;
when the external load power is increased, judging an electric energy storage state, and when the electric energy storage is full, closing the charge of the bidirectional inversion module to the electric energy storage module, and maintaining the discharge voltage;
when the external load power is stable, judging an electric energy storage state, and setting a charge-discharge mode as a shutdown mode when the electric energy storage capacity is more than 50%; when the electric energy storage capacity is below 20%, the charge-discharge mode is set to the fast charge mode; and when the electric energy storage capacity is 20% -50%, the charging and discharging mode is set to be a normal charging mode.
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