CN117686929A - Method for testing service life of energy storage system under frequency modulation peak shaving working condition - Google Patents
Method for testing service life of energy storage system under frequency modulation peak shaving working condition Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the service life of an energy storage system under the working condition of frequency modulation and peak shaving, which comprises the following steps: collecting frequency modulation peak regulation working condition data; grading the collected data; calculating the average power of each gear of the test unit and the energy throughput of the test unit; formulating a simulation working condition, and performing life test based on the simulation working condition; according to the invention, through collecting actual frequency modulation peak shaving operation data of the power plant, carrying out statistics and induction, extracting a circulation simulation working condition suitable for simulation test of the test unit under laboratory conditions according to the design of the energy storage system and the test unit, attaching the obtained circulation simulation working condition to the actual operation state of the electrochemical energy storage system, carrying out battery service life test according to the circulation times of the simulation working condition, obtaining an accurate prediction result of the service life of the battery of the energy storage system, and having high accuracy, so that the test result has practical application significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery testing, in particular to a method for testing the service life of an energy storage system under the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of new energy industry lays a material and technical foundation for the development and application of energy storage technology. Among the energy storage technologies, electrochemical energy storage has the advantages of high response speed, high power density, low limitation by geographical conditions and the like, has commercial popularization conditions, and is expected to rapidly improve application space. However, since the electrochemical energy storage is started later, various testing methods for the energy storage battery and the energy storage system are not complete, testing standards are still deficient, and particularly, a cycle life testing method suitable for the frequency modulation and peak shaving working conditions of the energy storage system is not available. In addition, due to the complexity of the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition, the mode of evaluating the service life of the battery by using the cycle times similar to those in the power battery cycle life test is only suitable for comparing the performances of different products, and the service life of the battery in the actual working condition cannot be accurately predicted.
For example, chinese patent No. cn202310699514.X discloses a method for predicting the lifetime of a lithium ion battery in an energy storage system, which introduces a Simple Encoding and Decoding (SED) mechanism to a neural network, so that the neural network can learn the global time characteristic and remote dependency of sequence data better. However, the prediction of the neural network has a certain limitation, which results in low accuracy of the prediction of the battery life of the energy storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
The method mainly solves the problem of low accuracy of battery life prediction of the energy storage system in the prior art; the service life testing method for the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition of the energy storage system improves the accuracy of service life prediction.
The technical problems of the invention are mainly solved by the following technical proposal: a method for testing the service life of an energy storage system under the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition comprises the following steps:
collecting frequency modulation peak regulation working condition data;
grading the collected data;
calculating the average power of each gear of the test unit and the energy throughput of the test unit;
and (5) formulating a simulation working condition, and carrying out life test based on the simulation working condition.
In order to continuously carry out the circulation of the simulated working condition, the charge and discharge capacity of the circulation is required to be consistent, and the discharge can be set to zero at the last low-power charge point or the discharge stage of the working condition, so that the accuracy of life prediction is ensured.
Preferably, the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition data comprises a discharging power-time curve and a charging power-time curve.
Preferably, the method for grading the collected data comprises the following steps: setting a power interval value, wherein the first gear takes a value with power of 0 as a minimum value, one power interval value is divided into one gear at each interval, and the maximum gear takes the maximum power of the energy storage system as a maximum value.
Preferably, the calculation method of the average power of each gear of the test unit comprises the following steps:
P n ＝P sn /S
wherein P is n Representing the average power, P, of the test unit at each power step sn The average power of the collected system in each power step is represented, and S represents the power ratio between the system and the test unit.
Preferably, the method for calculating the energy throughput of the test unit comprises the following steps:
E t ＝E s /S
wherein E is t Indicating the daily energy throughput of the test unit, E s Represents the daily energy throughput of the energy storage system, S represents the power ratio between the system and the test unit.
Preferably, the simulation working condition is formulated by firstly determining the charging energy of a single cycle of the test unit, and calculating the total time of the single simulation working condition cycle based on the charging energy of the single cycle of the test unit.
Preferably, in the circulation process of the simulation working condition, the standard capacity test is carried out once after each circulation time is K times, if the detected capacity is larger than or equal to the standard capacity, the circulation is continued, otherwise, the test is ended, and the circulation time is recorded.
Preferably, a corresponding relation table of the circulation times and the actual service life duration is set, and the actual service life duration is obtained based on the recorded circulation times.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method comprises the steps of collecting actual frequency modulation peak regulation operation data of a power plant, carrying out statistics and induction, extracting a circulation simulation working condition suitable for simulation test of a test unit under laboratory conditions according to the designs of the energy storage system and the test unit, attaching the obtained circulation simulation working condition to the actual operation state of the electrochemical energy storage system, carrying out battery service life test according to the circulation times of the simulation working condition, obtaining an accurate prediction result of the service life of the battery of the energy storage system, and having high accuracy, so that the test result has practical application significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a lifetime test method according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of a simulated operating condition test of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of a simulated operating condition test of example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, further detailed description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be given by the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
a method for testing the service life of an energy storage system under the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting frequency modulation peak regulation working condition data; the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition data comprise a discharge power-time curve and a charging power-time curve, the real-time frequency modulation peak shaving data of the power plant are collected, and the power-time relation and the duration of the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition operation in a period of time are obtainedFor 1 week to 1 month, wherein charge and discharge are respectively represented as positive power and negative power, and the power of the energy storage system is 0 when standing. Calculating the average daily energy throughput E of the system s . The collected data are shown in table 1.
Table 1 energy storage system fm peak shaving operating mode data
S2: grading the collected data; the method for grading the collected data comprises the following steps: setting a power interval value, wherein the first gear takes a value with power of 0 as a minimum value, one power interval value is divided into one gear at each interval, and the maximum gear takes the maximum power of the energy storage system as a maximum value. In practical application, the power of 0 is singly classified into a first gear. Counting the proportion t of the running time of each step to the total acquisition time n 。
S3: calculating the average power of each gear of the test unit and the energy throughput of the test unit; performing data conversion of the test unit according to the collected data of the energy storage system, calculating the average power of each step of the test unit according to the power proportion relation between the system and the test unit, and taking the average power as the test power, wherein the operation duration proportion of the test unit in each power step is the same as the duration proportion of the system; calculating the average daily charge and discharge energy (energy throughput) of the test unit; the calculation method of the average power of each gear of the test unit comprises the following steps:
P n ＝P sn /S
wherein P is n Representing the average power, P, of the test unit at each power step sn The average power of the collected system in each power step is represented, and S represents the power ratio between the system and the test unit.
The energy throughput of the test unit is calculated by the following steps:
E t ＝E s /S
wherein E is t Indicating the daily energy throughput of the test unit, E s Representing the daily energy throughput of the energy storage system.
S4: and (5) formulating a simulation working condition, and carrying out life test based on the simulation working condition. According to parameters such as design scale of an energy storage system, charging and discharging depth of reasonable operation and the like, determining charging energy E of a single cycle of a test unit, and calculating total time T (including standing time) of the single simulated working condition cycle, so that power and time parameters of the simulated working condition can be known, and the working condition is designed according to a mode of 'charging (or discharging) working condition (power is from big to small) -standing-discharging (or charging) working condition (power is from big to small) -standing-cycle'; the calculation method of the total time T comprises the following steps:
E＝T∑P n t n
wherein E represents the charge or discharge energy in a single operating cycle, T represents the total time of the single operating cycle, and P n Mean power, t, representing power steps for each charge or discharge phase in the operating regime n The time length of each power step of each charging or discharging stage in the working condition is represented as the duty ratio.
And (3) adjusting the test unit to a proper initial SOC, and running the simulation working condition determined in the step S4. In order to continuously carry out the circulation of the simulated working condition, the charge and discharge capacity of the circulation is required to be consistent, and the discharge can be set to zero at the last low-power charge point or the discharge stage of the working condition. Meanwhile, in order to solve the real capacity retention rate of the test unit after a period of operation, a standard capacity test can be performed once after a certain number of times per cycle, and then the cycle is continued until the test termination condition is reached, and the number of times of the cycle is recorded. Per-day energy throughput E according to test unit t And the proportion relation between the charge and discharge energy E of single circulation is used for calculating the corresponding relation between the circulation times of the simulation working condition and the actual frequency modulation peak shaving operation days, so that the service life of the system is rapidly predicted.
Specifically, in the circulation process of the simulation working condition, the standard capacity test is carried out once after each circulation time is K times, if the detected capacity is larger than or equal to the standard capacity, the circulation is continued, otherwise, the test is ended, and the circulation time is recorded.
Specifically, a corresponding relation table of the circulation times and the actual service life duration is set, and the actual service life duration is obtained based on the recorded circulation times.
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment test is performed in combination with the actual operation condition of the energy storage system, the design specification of the energy storage system is 6MW/3MWh, the charge and discharge depth is 40% during operation, the system is formed by connecting 200 battery modules in series, the single module is 30kW/15kWh, and the module is formed by connecting 30 0.5kWh cells in series. And taking the module as a test unit, determining a simulation test working condition by adopting the following steps, and carrying out a test.
1. And collecting real-time frequency modulation and peak regulation data of the power plant for 1 week. The charge power is recorded as a positive value and the discharge power is recorded as a negative value. The average daily charge energy and discharge energy of the system are basically equal, and the total energy throughput is E s ＝6MWh。
2. For the data collected in step 2, a power step was set every 2MW, and the rest state (power 0) was individually divided into 1 and a total of 7. At the same time, calculating the average power of each step and the proportion t of the running time length to the total sampling time n 。
3. And (3) calculating the working condition data of the single module according to the working condition data of the energy storage system obtained in the step (2). Wherein the energy throughput of the module in actual use per day is E t ＝E s 200=6 MWh/200=30 kWh, average power P of the module at each power step n ＝P sn And 200, the operation time length proportion of the module in each step is the same as the time length proportion of the system.
4. And calculating the single working condition cycle charging or discharging energy E=15kWh×40% =6kWh of the module from the energy of the module of 15kWh and the charging and discharging depth of 40%. And then according to the P obtained in the step 2 and the step 3 n And t n And setting the circulation time of the complete simulation working condition as T, and substituting the circulation time into a calculation formula to calculate the numerical value of T. From T and T n The exact run time of each step may be calculated to determine the simulated conditions. Calculated, t=7390 seconds.
5. Firstly, adjusting the SOC of the module to 30% of a test initial value, and then performing a simulated working condition cyclic test. Firstly, charging working conditions are carried out, the power is changed from large to small, and discharging working conditions are carried out after standing, so that the power is changed from large to small. In order to accelerate the experimental progress, the standing time can be properly shortened, namely, the proportion of the charge and discharge time length of each stage is not lower than the acquired real data. In order to continuously carry out the circulation of the simulated working condition, the charge and discharge capacity of the circulation is required to be consistent, and the discharge can be set to zero in the final low-power discharge stage of the working condition. Meanwhile, in order to achieve a true capacity retention rate after a period of operation of the de-molding module, a standard capacity test may be performed after 500 weeks per cycle. Because the module charging and discharging energy E of each cycle is 6kWh, the total energy of the cycle charging and discharging per day is 30kWh when the module frequency modulation peak shaving operation is performed, and the simulation working condition is circulated for 2.5 times, namely, the actual operation is equivalent to 1 day. After 3000 times of circulation of the simulated working condition, the capacity fading reaches the test cut-off condition, and the actual service life of the module can be predicted to be about 3000/2.5=1200 days.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the design specification of the energy storage system is set to be 6MW/3MWh, the charge and discharge depth is 40% during operation, the system is formed by connecting 200 battery modules in series, a single module is 30kW/15kWh, and the module is formed by connecting 30 0.5kWh battery cells in series. And taking the battery cell as a test unit, determining a simulation test working condition by adopting the following steps, and carrying out a test.
A. And collecting real-time frequency modulation and peak regulation data of the power plant for 1 week. The charge power is recorded as a positive value and the discharge power is recorded as a negative value. The average daily charge energy and discharge energy of the system are basically equal, and the total energy throughput is E s ＝6MWh。
B. For the data collected in step a, a power step was set every 2MW, and the rest state (power 0) was individually divided into 1 and a total of 7 steps. Meanwhile, calculating the average power of each gear and the proportion t of the running time length to the total sampling time n 。
C. And C, calculating to obtain the working condition data of the single battery cell according to the working condition data of the energy storage system obtained in the step B. Wherein the energy throughput of the module in actual use per day is E t ＝E s 200=6 MWh/6000=1 kWh, average power P of the cell at each power step n ＝P sn 6000, the operation time length proportion of the battery cells in each step is the same as the time length proportion of the system.
D. From the energy of the cell of 0.5kWh andthe charge and discharge depth is 40%, and the single working condition cycle charge or discharge energy E=0.5 kwh×40% =0.2 kWh of the battery cell is calculated. And then according to the P obtained in the step B and the step C n And t n And setting the circulation time of the complete simulation working condition as T, and substituting the circulation time into a calculation formula to calculate the numerical value of T. From T and T n The exact run time of each step may be calculated to determine the simulated conditions. Calculated, t=7390 seconds.
F. And firstly adjusting the SOC of the battery cell to 70% of the initial test value, and then performing a simulated working condition cyclic test. Firstly, discharging working conditions are carried out, the power is changed from large to small, and after standing, charging working conditions are carried out, the power is changed from large to small. In order to accelerate the experimental progress, the standing time can be properly shortened, namely, the proportion of the charge and discharge time length of each stage is not lower than the acquired real data. In order to continuously carry out the circulation of the simulated working condition, the charge and discharge capacity of the circulation is required to be consistent, and the discharge can be set to zero in the final low-power discharge stage of the working condition. Meanwhile, in order to know the real capacity retention rate of the battery cells after a period of operation, a standard capacity test can be performed after 500 weeks per cycle. Since the charge and discharge energy E of the battery core in each cycle is 0.2kWh, the total charge and discharge energy of the battery core in each cycle is 1kWh when the battery core is in frequency modulation and peak shaving operation, the simulation working condition is circulated for 2.5 times, which is equivalent to 1 day of actual operation. After 4000 times of circulation of the simulated working conditions, the capacity fading reaches the test cut-off condition, and the actual service life of the battery cell can be predicted to be about 4000/2.5=1600 days.
The test results between the battery cells and the modules have certain difference, which is caused by inconsistency among the battery cells, and the difference data is eliminated through multiple tests, so that the service life test result of the battery cells is obtained, and the accuracy is high.
According to the invention, through collecting actual frequency modulation peak shaving operation data of the power plant, carrying out statistics and induction, extracting a circulation simulation working condition suitable for simulation test of the test unit under laboratory conditions according to the design of the energy storage system and the test unit, attaching the obtained circulation simulation working condition to the actual operation state of the electrochemical energy storage system, carrying out battery service life test according to the circulation times of the simulation working condition, obtaining an accurate prediction result of the service life of the battery of the energy storage system, and having high accuracy, so that the test result has practical application significance.
The above-described embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the technical aspects set forth in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting frequency modulation peak regulation working condition data;
grading the collected data;
calculating the average power of each gear of the test unit and the energy throughput of the test unit;
and (5) formulating a simulation working condition, and carrying out life test based on the simulation working condition.
2. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving conditions of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
the frequency modulation peak shaving working condition data comprise a discharging power-time curve and a charging power-time curve.
3. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving conditions of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
the method for grading the collected data comprises the following steps: setting a power interval value, wherein the first gear takes a value with power of 0 as a minimum value, one power interval value is divided into one gear at each interval, and the maximum gear takes the maximum power of the energy storage system as a maximum value.
4. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving conditions of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
the calculation method of the average power of each gear of the test unit comprises the following steps:
P n ＝P sn /S
wherein P is n Indicating that the test unit is inAverage power of each power step, P sn The average power of the collected system in each power step is represented, and S represents the power ratio between the system and the test unit.
5. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving conditions of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
the energy throughput computing method of the test unit comprises the following steps:
E t ＝E s /S
wherein E is t Indicating the daily energy throughput of the test unit, E s Represents the daily energy throughput of the energy storage system, S represents the power ratio between the system and the test unit.
6. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving conditions of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
and when the simulation working condition is formulated, firstly determining the charging energy of a single cycle of the test unit, and calculating the total time of the single simulation working condition cycle based on the charging energy of the single cycle of the test unit.
7. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving working condition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the process of circulating the simulated working condition, a standard capacity test is carried out after each cycle time of K times, if the detected capacity is greater than or equal to the standard capacity, the circulation is continued, and otherwise, the test is ended, and the circulation times are recorded.
8. The method for testing the service life of the energy storage system under the frequency modulation and peak shaving conditions of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
setting a corresponding relation table of the circulation times and the actual service life duration, and obtaining the actual service life duration based on the recorded circulation times.
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