CN117683500A - Lithium battery aluminum plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lithium battery aluminum plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117683500A CN117683500A CN202311777648.5A CN202311777648A CN117683500A CN 117683500 A CN117683500 A CN 117683500A CN 202311777648 A CN202311777648 A CN 202311777648A CN 117683500 A CN117683500 A CN 117683500A
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- lithium battery
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- interlayer adhesive
- dicarboxylic acid
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 alicyclic anhydride Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical group [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229940043375 1,5-pentanediol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCO SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NMSRALOLNIBERV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,6a-tetrahydro-3ah-cyclopenta[c]furan-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21 NMSRALOLNIBERV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC(C(O)=O)C1 XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- XPFCZYUVICHKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CCO XPFCZYUVICHKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZWNMRZQYWRLGMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CCC(C)(C)O ZWNMRZQYWRLGMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASJCSAKCMTWGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC1C(O)=O ASJCSAKCMTWGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNGJOYPCXLOTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)C1 LNGJOYPCXLOTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1CCCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007719 peel strength test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083957 1,2-butanediol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMNZZIMBGSGRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C2CCC12 NMNZZIMBGSGRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URNTXHJZMAQBOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].C(=C)N1C(CCC1)=O Chemical compound [N].C(=C)N1C(CCC1)=O URNTXHJZMAQBOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUSAGCZZQKACKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC1C(O)=O SUSAGCZZQKACKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYHYNUWZLKTEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CC(C(O)=O)C1 WYHYNUWZLKTEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of high polymer material synthesis, and particularly relates to an outer layer interlayer adhesive polymer of an aluminum-plastic film of a lithium battery and a preparation method thereof. Specifically, alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride and linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid are mixed for esterification reaction, branched aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid are added after the esterification reaction, the esterification reaction is continued under the condition of low vacuum, the vacuum degree of the system is then increased, and the polycondensation reaction is carried out under the condition of high vacuum, so that the high-molecular polymer resin with the molecular weight of 20000-45000 is finally obtained. The invention has mild reaction condition, safe and controllable reaction process, good product flexibility, and good hydrolysis resistance, cohesiveness and impact resistance. The outer layer interlayer adhesive prepared by the invention can meet the application performance requirement of the lithium battery aluminum plastic film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of polymer material synthesis, and particularly relates to an outer layer interlayer adhesive for an aluminum-plastic film of a lithium battery and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since the advent of lithium ion batteries, they have been developed rapidly due to their excellent performance. The packaging of the lithium battery core involves the requirements of harsher physical and mechanical properties, chemical compatibility, resistance, barrier property, electrochemical reactivity and the like in the use process, and the harsher indexes are directly related to the performance of the interlayer adhesive. At present, the commercial aluminum-plastic film product of the soft-package lithium battery is generally provided with at least three layers, wherein an inner layer base material is a nontoxic polyolefin (PP, PE and the like) layer, an aluminum foil is used as a middle layer, an outer layer is usually a nylon film, and each layer is compounded by different kinds of adhesive auxiliary agents.
Currently, aluminum plastic films of high-end lithium batteries are almost completely monopolized by japan, with only a few suppliers in the world. In order to meet the requirement of replacing import of domestic lithium battery enterprises, enterprises currently work on research and development and production of aluminum-plastic composite membrane technology for lithium batteries in China, but the aluminum-plastic composite membrane technology can only be applied to production of low-end lithium batteries due to relatively insufficient water boiling resistance, high temperature resistance and other performances of products. The performance of the adhesive used for bonding all layers of materials of the domestic aluminum-plastic film can not meet the application test requirement, and is one of the key factors that the domestic aluminum-plastic film is not applied to the high-end aluminum-plastic film in a large number.
Because the inner and outer base materials are materials (polyolefin, nylon and the like) with different types of materials, the materials and the middle aluminum foil are bonded by adopting different types of adhesives, so that the base materials and the aluminum foil can be well combined, and various application performances such as stripping, deep punching, heat resistance and the like of the aluminum plastic film can meet the performance requirements.
CN201810805592.2 discloses an inventive technique of an aluminum plastic film and a lithium battery, wherein the first adhesive layer (aluminum plastic film outer layer) is formed of a polyurethane adhesive containing a polymer formed of a polyester polyol, a polyisocyanate and an epoxy resin. Wherein, the polyester polyol is prepared by adopting a conventional esterification and polycondensation method, and is physically mixed with polyisocyanate and epoxy resin according to a certain proportion to obtain an adhesive product. The adhesive product prepared by the synthesis process has the defects that the unit difference formed by the raw materials entering the main chain in the synthesis process is large, a relatively uniform distribution state cannot be realized, and the partial cohesive force is insufficient in the application process of the product, so that the bonding and hydrolysis resistance cannot reach the standard.
CN201911243738.X discloses a polyurethane adhesive for flexible packaging of batteries, wherein a main component A is polyacrylate polyol modified by nitrogen vinyl compound, and a curing agent is aromatic polyisocyanate. Wherein, the raw materials used by the component A of the main agent comprise: ethyl acetate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, nitrogen vinyl pyrrolidone and azobisisobutyronitrile. Based on the structural characteristics of the main agent, the high molecular compound has outstanding flexibility but obviously lacks rigidity strength, and the bonding strength of the adhesive is weaker than that of an adhesive product with an aromatic structure in a main chain under a high-temperature environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an outer layer interlayer adhesive for an aluminum plastic film of a lithium battery and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a process for preparing the external layer interlayer adhesive polymer of aluminium-plastic film of lithium battery includes such steps as dissolving the polymer resin in solvent, esterifying the mixture of alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or its anhydride and straight-chain aliphatic diol, adding branched aliphatic diol and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, esterifying under low vacuum condition, high-vacuum polycondensation under high vacuum condition, and high-molecular polymer resin with molecular weight of 20000-45000.
The resin is dissolved in a solvent according to the solid content of 50-60 percent, and the outer interlayer adhesive with high solid content and low viscosity is obtained.
Further, the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride and the linear aliphatic diol are mixed, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 140 to 180 ℃ at the speed of 50 to 80 ℃ per hour, and the reaction is carried out for 1 to 2 hours with heat preservation, so that the esterification reaction is carried out. After the esterification reaction is finished, adding branched aliphatic dihydric alcohol and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, continuously carrying out the esterification reaction for 1-2 hours at 180-210 ℃ and 70-90 KPa absolute pressure, then lifting the vacuum degree of the system, carrying out the polycondensation reaction for 1-3 hours at 210-250 ℃ and 0.1-0.5 KPa absolute pressure, and finally obtaining the high molecular polymer resin with the molecular weight of 20000-45000.
Two carboxylic acid groups in the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid are ortho-position or meta-position; the substituent group on the alicyclic ring in the alicyclic acid anhydride is ortho-position.
And after the high polymer is obtained, introducing nitrogen into a reaction system to restore to normal pressure, mixing the materials with a solvent, reducing the temperature to the solvent reflux temperature, and completely dissolving the solid materials until the mass percentage concentration of the polymer in the system is 50-60%.
The molar ratio of the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or the alicyclic anhydride to the straight-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol to the branched-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol to the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is 10:12-20:3-8:5-10.
Still further, the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride and the linear aliphatic diol are mixed, and the temperature is raised from room temperature to 160-180 ℃ at the speed of 55-70 ℃/h for esterification reaction, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 h for esterification reaction. After the esterification reaction is finished, adding branched aliphatic dihydric alcohol and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, continuously carrying out the esterification reaction for 1-2 hours at 180-210 ℃ and 80-90 KPa absolute pressure, then lifting the vacuum degree of the system, carrying out the polycondensation reaction for 1-3 hours at 210-240 ℃ and 0.1-0.3 KPa absolute pressure, and finally obtaining the high molecular polymer resin with the molecular weight of 20000-45000. Wherein, the mol ratio of the straight-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol to the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride) to the branched-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol to the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is 14-18:10:4-7:7-9.
The straight-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol is C 2 -C 7 A linear diol of (a); preferably ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol; more preferred are ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, and 1, 5-pentanediol.
The alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride is alicyclic and has C carbon number 4 -C 6 Alicyclic dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides; preference is given to 1, 2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, cyclobutane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride, cyclopentane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride and cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride; further preferred are 1, 2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, cyclopentane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride and cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride.
The branched aliphatic dihydric alcohol is C 3 -C 8 Branched diols of (2); preferred are aliphatic diols such as 1, 2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 2-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, 2, 3-butanediol, 1, 2-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1, 3-butanediol, 3-methyl-1, 5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2, 4-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1, 3-hexanediol, and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-hexanediol; further preferred are aliphatic diols such as 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, 2, 3-butanediol, 3-methyl-1, 5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2, 4-pentanediol, and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-hexanediol.
The aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is C 4 -C 12 Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids of (a). Preferably fatty dibasic acids such as 1, 4-succinic acid, 1, 5-glutaric acid, 1, 6-adipic acid, 1, 7-pimelic acid, 1, 8-suberic acid, 1, 9-azelaic acid, and 1, 10-sebacic acid;further preferred are 1, 4-succinic acid, 1, 5-glutaric acid, 1, 6-adipic acid, 1, 7-pimelic acid or 1, 8-suberic acid.
The antioxidant is selected from triphenyl phosphite, p-tert-butylphenol, 2, 4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, pentaerythritol tetra (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate) and the like, the addition amount is 0.04-0.2% of the mass of the reactant, and the preferred addition amount is 0.08-0.15%; the catalyst is antimony oxide or dibutyl tin oxide, the addition amount is 0.02-0.2% of the mass of the aliphatic dibasic acid, and the preferable addition amount is 0.05-0.1%. Wherein the reactant mass is the sum of the mass of the diol and the mass of the dicarboxylic acid.
The solvent is a solvent in which the polyester polyol is soluble. The solvent is selected from common solvents capable of dissolving polyester polyol, such as acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and the like.
The lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive prepared by the method is prepared according to the method, and the obtained regular lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive polymer with more uniform distribution of functional structure fragments in a molecular chain and molecular weight of 20000-45000 is prepared.
The more uniform distribution of each functional structure fragment in the molecular chain means that in the molecular chain of the esterified substance, the ester-cyclic dicarboxylic acid or the alicyclic anhydride and the straight-chain aliphatic diol form small-molecule polyester diol, and then the small-molecule polyester diol and the branched-chain aliphatic diol and the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid added later are subjected to negative pressure esterification and polycondensation. Because the ester-cyclic dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride) and the straight-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol form ester bonds, compared with the random copolymer with multiple functional structural fragments in a one-time feeding method, the structural fragments of the prepared high-molecular polymer are more regular, the molecular weight of a synthesized product can reach the target requirement, and the performance stability of the product is better.
The application of the outer layer interlayer adhesive of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film is that the adhesive is used as the outer layer interlayer adhesive in the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film.
Mixing the polymer solution with the molecular weight of 20000-45000 with a curing agent, coating the mixture on the surface of a matrix aluminum foil, and drying to form a glue layer and a nylon layer for thermal coating and bonding.
Further, the obtained polymer and the commercial polyisocyanate curing agent are mixed according to the mol ratio of the hydroxyl value of solute to NCO of 1:2-6, and then coated on the surface of an aluminum foil, the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is preferably 3-7 mu m, and then the operations of hot coating and bonding of a nylon layer, the adhesion and curing of an inner layer film and the like are carried out, so that the qualified lithium battery aluminum plastic film with the punching depth of more than 6mm and no layering and whitening is finally obtained.
The invention firstly esterifies the ester-ring dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride) and the straight-chain aliphatic diol to form the micromolecular polyester diol, then carries out secondary esterification (under negative pressure environment) with other raw materials and then carries out polycondensation, thereby not only promoting the deep esterification of the materials, but also controlling the structural fragments of the high-molecular polymer, leading the molecular composition and the unit distribution to be relatively more balanced, and being beneficial to the promotion of the molecular weight in the later polycondensation process of the polymer. Because the aliphatic dihydric alcohol with a branched chain and the cycloalkyl dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride) with a saturated alicyclic structure are adopted in the raw materials, the high molecular compound has excellent hydrolysis resistance and good flexibility, and plays a vital role in reaching the standard of the application performance of the product. If para-substituted cycloalkyl dicarboxylic acid is used as a raw material to synthesize a product, the toughness is much poorer than that of ortho-or meta-substituted cycloalkyl dicarboxylic acid because the substituents are arranged in a linear manner, and the application requirements of the product cannot be met. If a one-pot method is adopted to add all the reaction raw materials into a reaction kettle for synthesis reaction, the product with the target molecular weight cannot be obtained due to the space limitation of the groups of the branched diol and the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid, and the application performance of the product cannot meet the application performance requirement of the aluminum plastic film. Because of the introduction of the alicyclic structure, compared with the outer layer gum resin with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid structure, the viscosity of the high polymer resin in the solvent is greatly reduced, so that the high-solid-content low-viscosity outer layer gum product with the solid content of 50-60% can be prepared, and the advantages of economy, convenience and the like are reflected to the product transportation and use of downstream enterprises on the premise of ensuring the product performance. The invention has simple and easy-to-control operation process, reasonable molecular weight distribution, stable product quality and application performance, good flexibility, excellent tensile resistance and better hydrolysis resistance, cohesiveness and impact resistance. The outer layer interlayer adhesive product prepared by the invention can completely meet the application performance requirement of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film on the outer layer adhesive.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The invention is by no means limited thereto.
The invention finally obtains the high molecular polymer resin with the molecular weight of 20000 to 45000. The resin is dissolved in a solvent according to the solid content of 50-60 percent, and the outer layer glue product with high solid content and low viscosity is obtained. The preparation reaction condition is mild, the reaction process is safe and controllable, the product has good flexibility, and good hydrolysis resistance, cohesiveness and impact resistance. As the solid content of the product is improved to more than 50% from 30% of the traditional product, and the viscosity of the product is half of the viscosity of the existing product or even lower when the product is diluted to 30% of the solid content, the glue spreading operation of the upper machine can be satisfied by diluting the solid content to 30-40% by using the solvent, the influence of volatilization of the solvent on the environment in the use process of the product is greatly reduced, and compared with the operation condition that the solid content of the existing product is diluted to less than 20%, the operation condition is more economic and environment-friendly, and the production cost of an aluminum plastic film production enterprise is saved. The outer layer interlayer adhesive prepared by the invention can meet the application performance requirement of the lithium battery aluminum plastic film.
Example 1
429.9g of 99% 1, 3-propanediol and 616g of 99% 1, 3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid were added to a 2.5L polyester reactor, 1.31g of triphenyl phosphite and 0.21g of antimony oxide were further added, the reaction system was replaced with nitrogen, and after heating to 70℃and stirring was started, and the esterification reaction was carried out at a rate of 60℃per hour to an esterification reaction temperature of 170℃for 2 hours. Then 169.8g of 98 percent 3-methyl-1, 3-butanediol and 417.1g of 98 percent 1, 6-adipic acid are added, the temperature is raised to 190 ℃, a vacuum system is slowly started, esterification reaction is carried out for 1h under the absolute pressure of 90KPa, the temperature is raised to 220 ℃, the absolute pressure is raised to 0.3KPa, polycondensation reaction is carried out for 2h, when the stirring power of a reaction kettle reaches 58W, the pressure of the reaction kettle is restored to normal pressure by nitrogen, and the reaction is stopped, thus obtaining the high polymer with the molecular weight of 40000. The material was slowly pressed into a 5L dissolution vessel containing 1093.1g of ethyl acetate with nitrogen until the temperature reached the solvent reflux temperature and the solid material was completely dissolved, yielding a 55% strength by mass solution product.
Example 2
661.8g of 99% 1, 5-pentanediol and 500g of 98% cyclopentane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride were added to a 2.5L polyester reactor, 1.5g of p-tert-butylphenol and 0.21g of dibutyltin oxide were further added, the reaction system was replaced with nitrogen, the temperature was raised to 90℃and stirring was started, and the temperature was raised to 180℃at a rate of 70℃per hour to carry out the esterification reaction for 2 hours. Then 292g of 99% 3-methyl-1, 5-pentanediol and 420g of 99% 1, 5-pentanedioic acid are added, the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, a vacuum system is slowly started, esterification reaction is carried out for 1h under the absolute pressure of 85KPa, the temperature is raised to 240 ℃, the absolute pressure is raised to 0.1KPa, polycondensation reaction is carried out for 2h, when the stirring power of a reaction kettle reaches 59W, the pressure of the reaction kettle is restored to normal pressure by nitrogen, and the reaction is stopped, thus obtaining the high polymer with the molecular weight of 32000. The material was slowly pressed with nitrogen into a 5L dissolution vessel containing 1131.1g ethyl acetate until the temperature reached the solvent reflux temperature and the solid material was completely dissolved, yielding a 55% strength by mass solution product.
Comparative example 1
429.9g of 99% 1, 3-propanediol, 616g of 99% 1, 3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 169.8g of 98% 3-methyl-1, 3-butanediol and 417.1g of 98% 1, 6-adipic acid are added into a 2.5L polyester reaction kettle, 1.31g of triphenyl phosphite and 0.21g of antimony oxide are added, after the reaction system is replaced by nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 70 ℃, stirring is started, and the temperature is raised to the esterification reaction temperature of 170 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/h, and the esterification reaction is carried out for 2 hours; then heating to 190 ℃, slowly starting a vacuum system, and carrying out esterification reaction for 1h under the absolute pressure of 90 KPa; and after the temperature is raised to 220 ℃, the absolute pressure is raised to 0.3KPa, the polycondensation is carried out for 4 hours, when the stirring power of the reaction kettle is up to 47W, the pressure of the reaction kettle is restored to normal pressure by nitrogen, the reaction is stopped, and the high-molecular polymer with the molecular weight of 13500 is obtained. The material was slowly pressed into a 5L dissolution vessel containing 1093.1g of ethyl acetate with nitrogen until the temperature reached the solvent reflux temperature and the solid material was completely dissolved, yielding a 55% strength by mass solution product.
Comparative example 2
661.8g of 99% 1, 5-pentanediol, 500g of 98% cyclopentane-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride, 292g of 99% 3-methyl-1, 5-pentanediol and 420g of 99% 1, 5-glutaric acid are added into a 2.5L polyester reaction kettle, 1.5g of p-tert-butylphenol and 0.21g of dibutyltin oxide are added, the reaction system is replaced by nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, stirring is started, and the temperature is raised to 180 ℃ at the speed of 70 ℃/h for esterification reaction for 2 hours; then heating to 200 ℃, slowly starting a vacuum system, and carrying out esterification reaction for 1h under the absolute pressure of 85 KPa; and after the temperature is raised to 240 ℃, the absolute pressure is raised to 0.1KPa, the polycondensation is carried out for 5 hours, when the stirring power of the reaction kettle is up to 49W, the pressure of the reaction kettle is restored to normal pressure by nitrogen, the reaction is stopped, and the high molecular polymer with the molecular weight of 15000 is obtained. The material was slowly pressed with nitrogen into a 5L dissolution vessel containing 1131.1g ethyl acetate until the temperature reached the solvent reflux temperature and the solid material was completely dissolved, yielding a 55% strength by mass solution product.
Mixing the product with a commercially available polyisocyanate curing agent according to the molar ratio of the hydroxyl value of solute to NCO of 1:2.5, coating the mixture on the surface of an aluminum foil, drying the mixture to obtain a glue layer with the thickness of 3-5 mu m, performing hot coating bonding operation of a nylon layer, bonding, curing and other operations of an inner layer film, and finally performing application performance tests such as deep drawing, stripping and the like, wherein the test data are shown in the table 1 below.
* The evaluation method comprises the following steps:
1. peel strength test: referring to the standard of flexible material vs. flexible material of GB-T2791-1995 adhesive T peel strength test method, an aluminum plastic film sample is cut into a strip shape of 15mm multiplied by 20cm, the non-glued ends of a nylon layer and an aluminum foil layer are respectively and symmetrically clamped on an upper clamp holder and a lower clamp holder of a universal testing machine, the clamping parts cannot slide, the applied tensile force is ensured to be uniformly distributed on the width of the sample, and the testing machine is started, so that the upper clamp holder and the lower clamp holder are separated at a speed of 100+/-10 mm/min. The sample peel length was at least 125mm.
2. Deep drawing performance test: and a double-pit deep punching die is adopted, the pit depth is 6mm, and the distance between two pits is 1mm. After deep punching, whether the corner of the outer layer film has abnormal phenomena such as layering, whitening and the like.
3. Wet heat resistance: placing the aluminum plastic film sample with qualified depth into a constant temperature and humidity box, placing for 168 hours at 85 ℃ and 85% humidity, and observing whether abnormal phenomena such as layering, foaming, white printing and the like exist at the corners of the outer layer film.
The test data are shown in the following table:
table 1 sample application performance evaluation table
According to the invention, through the design of the structure of the high polymer product, the molecular weight of the polymer reaches the target requirement, and meanwhile, the molecular composition and the functional structural unit distribution of the polymer are relatively more balanced, so that the synthetic high polymer outer layer interlayer adhesive product is ensured to have stable application performance and flexibility, and has better hydrolysis resistance, cohesiveness and impact resistance. The product completely meets the application performance requirement of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film on the outer layer adhesive. In the comparative example, because the branched diol and the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid simultaneously perform esterification reaction, the steric hindrance of the branched group leads the esterified substance to be unable to be finally condensed into a high molecular polymer with higher molecular weight, the molecular weight is not up to the standard, and the mechanical strength of the molecule is insufficient, so that the product cannot show the best application performances such as adhesion, wet heat resistance and the like, and cannot meet the application performance requirements of the lithium battery aluminum plastic film.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive is characterized in that the adhesive is prepared by dissolving polymer resin by a solvent, and is characterized in that: the polymer resin is prepared by mixing alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride with linear aliphatic dihydric alcohol for esterification, adding branched aliphatic dihydric alcohol and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid after the esterification, continuously carrying out the esterification under a low vacuum condition, then lifting the vacuum degree of a system, and carrying out polycondensation under a high vacuum condition to finally obtain the high-molecular polymer resin with the molecular weight of 20000-45000.
2. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and dissolving the resin in a solvent according to the solid content of 50-60% to obtain the outer interlayer adhesive with high solid content and low viscosity.
3. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride and linear aliphatic dihydric alcohol, heating from room temperature to 140-180 ℃ at the speed of 50-80 ℃/h, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1-2 h to carry out esterification reaction; after the esterification reaction is finished, adding branched aliphatic dihydric alcohol and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, continuously carrying out the esterification reaction for 1-2 hours at 180-210 ℃ and 70-90 KPa absolute pressure, then lifting the vacuum degree of the system, carrying out the polycondensation reaction for 1-3 hours at 210-250 ℃ and 0.1-0.5 KPa absolute pressure, and finally obtaining the high molecular polymer resin with the molecular weight of 20000-45000.
4. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: two carboxylic acid groups in the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid are ortho-position or meta-position; the substituent group on the alicyclic ring in the alicyclic acid anhydride is ortho-position.
5. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and after the high polymer is obtained, introducing nitrogen into a reaction system to restore to normal pressure, mixing the materials with a solvent, reducing the temperature to the solvent reflux temperature, and completely dissolving the solid materials until the mass percentage concentration of the polymer in the system is 50-60%.
6. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the molar ratio of the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or the alicyclic anhydride to the straight-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol to the branched-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol to the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is 10:12-20:3-8:5-10.
7. The method for preparing the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive, which is characterized in that: the straight-chain aliphatic dihydric alcohol is C 2 -C 7 A linear diol of (a); the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or alicyclic anhydride is alicyclic and has C carbon number 4 -C 6 Alicyclic dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides; the branched aliphatic dihydric alcohol is C 3 -C 8 Branched diols of (2); the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is C 4 -C 12 Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids of (a).
8. The preparation method of the lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the antioxidant is selected from triphenyl phosphite, p-tert-butylphenol, 2, 4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, pentaerythritol tetra (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate) and the like, and the addition amount is 0.04-0.2% of the mass of the reactant; the catalyst is antimony oxide or dibutyl tin oxide, and the addition amount of the catalyst is 0.02-0.2% of the mass of the aliphatic dibasic acid.
9. The lithium battery aluminum-plastic film outer interlayer adhesive prepared by the method of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lithium battery aluminum plastic film outer layer interlayer adhesive polymer which is regular and has more uniform distribution of functional structure fragments in a molecular chain and has the molecular weight of 20000-45000 is prepared by the method of claim 1.
10. An application of the lithium battery plastic-aluminum membrane outer layer interlayer adhesive as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adhesive is applied to an aluminum plastic film of a lithium battery as an outer layer interlayer adhesive.
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