CN117681067B - Centreless grinder - Google Patents
Centreless grinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN117681067B CN117681067B CN202410156798.2A CN202410156798A CN117681067B CN 117681067 B CN117681067 B CN 117681067B CN 202410156798 A CN202410156798 A CN 202410156798A CN 117681067 B CN117681067 B CN 117681067B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a centerless grinding machine, which relates to a machine tool for grinding, and comprises a grinding wheel, a support and an adjusting wheel, wherein the support and the adjusting wheel are arranged in a sliding way, the grinding wheel comprises a plurality of grinding wheels which are in coaxial sliding contact, the adjusting wheel comprises a plurality of rotating wheels which are coaxially connected, a first support and a second support are arranged on two sides of the grinding wheel, a fixed shaft is coaxially and rotatably connected with the grinding wheel and arranged on the first support, a transmission mechanism is arranged on the fixed shaft and is in transmission connection with the plurality of grinding wheels and the second support, a material moving mechanism comprising a moving frame is arranged above the adjusting wheel and the support, two sliding seats are slidably arranged at the bottom of the moving frame, two supporting components are respectively arranged on the two sliding seats, wherein the outer diameters of the plurality of grinding wheels and the rotating wheels are matched with the outer diameters of a plurality of cylinders of stepped cylinder workpieces to be processed, and the transmission mechanism comprises planetary gear components which are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the plurality of grinding wheels and are in transmission connection with the grinding wheels. The invention can grind the stepped workpiece, can finish single operation, does not need operators to adjust the position of the workpiece for multiple times, and has high grinding efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machine tool for grinding, in particular to a centerless grinder.
Background
The centerless grinding machine is one kind of grinding machine for grinding without locating the axis of workpiece, and consists of three mechanisms including grinding wheel to perform grinding, regulating wheel to control the rotation of workpiece and the feeding speed of workpiece, and workpiece support to support workpiece during grinding.
In the prior art, for the grinding processing of a stepped cylinder workpiece, operators need to adjust the position of the workpiece for a plurality of times, so that the grinding efficiency is low, and in the process of adjusting the position of the workpiece, a grinding wheel and an adjusting wheel are rotated over to cause electric power waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to develop a centerless grinding machine which can grind a stepped workpiece, can finish grinding in a single operation, does not need an operator to adjust the position of the workpiece for many times and has high grinding efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a centerless grinder, comprising:
the grinding wheel comprises a plurality of grinding wheels which are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively, and the adjusting wheel comprises a plurality of rotating wheels which are coaxially connected;
the first support and the second support are arranged at two sides of the grinding wheel;
the fixed shaft is coaxially and rotatably connected with the grinding wheel and is arranged on the first support;
the transmission mechanism is arranged on the fixed shaft and is in transmission connection with the grinding wheels and the second support;
the material moving mechanism is arranged above the adjusting wheel and the bracket and comprises:
a moving rack;
the two sliding seats are arranged at the bottom of the movable frame in a sliding manner;
the two supporting components are respectively arranged on the two sliding seats;
the outer diameters of the grinding wheels and the rotating wheels are matched with the outer diameters of a plurality of cylinders of the stepped cylinder workpiece to be processed, the transmission mechanism comprises planetary gear assemblies which are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the grinding wheels and are in transmission connection with the grinding wheels, the planetary gear assemblies are in transmission connection with the grinding wheels on one side close to the second support, and a driving source in transmission connection with the planetary gear assemblies closest to the second support is arranged on the second support.
Optionally, the planetary gear assembly includes the fixed gear of coaxial locating on the fixed axle, fixed gear periphery be equipped with rather than coaxial ring gear, ring gear and the emery wheel coaxial coupling of outside, the meshing has a plurality of planetary gears between ring gear and the fixed gear, is equipped with the transfer line on the plurality of planetary gears respectively coaxially, the transfer line rotates with the emery wheel lateral part that is close to second support one side and is connected.
Optionally, a driving rod in a coaxial state with the fixed shaft is rotationally arranged on the second support, a rotating plate is coaxially connected to the driving rod, and a transmission rod of the planetary gear assembly in the grinding wheel at the side part of the second support is rotationally connected with the rotating plate.
Optionally, a plurality of positioning grooves corresponding to the widths of the plurality of cylinders of the workpiece are correspondingly formed in the support, the height difference between two adjacent positioning grooves is not larger than the difference of the outer radii of the two adjacent cylinders corresponding to the workpiece, a plurality of first universal balls are uniformly arranged in the side walls of the positioning grooves, and the first universal balls are tangent to the side walls of the positioning grooves.
Optionally, the supporting component includes the cylindric supporting seat of locating the lateral part that two slide were close to each other respectively, two the supporting seat is in coaxial state, be equipped with the cylinder of being connected with its lateral part supporting seat on the slide, cylinder drive supporting seat slides along its axial.
Optionally, be equipped with a plurality of along its radial gliding bracing piece on the circumference outer wall of supporting seat, a plurality of the bracing piece is equidistant to be set up on the same outer circumference of supporting seat, coaxial rotation is equipped with first driving disk in the supporting seat, the outer tip of bracing piece is equipped with the supporting ball, be equipped with the rubber layer on the supporting ball outer wall, the inner tip of bracing piece articulates there is first push rod, the tip that the bracing piece was kept away from to first push rod is articulated with the edge of first driving disk, still be equipped with the motor that is connected with first driving disk transmission in the supporting seat.
Optionally, one of the sliding seats is provided with a driving component, the other sliding seat is provided with a detection component, the driving component drives the workpiece to rotate, and the detection component detects the jumping amount of the workpiece in the radial direction.
Optionally, the drive assembly is including sliding a plurality of sliders of locating on the corresponding slide, and a plurality of sliders are the equidistant setting of circular orbit coaxial with the supporting seat, and a plurality of the slider is all along their radial slip of arranging the orbit, coaxial rotation is equipped with discoid swivel mount on the slide outer wall in the middle of the plurality of sliders, be equipped with one deck rubber bed course on the swivel mount outer wall, the slide internal rotation is equipped with the second driving disk concentric with the track of arranging of a plurality of sliders, and a plurality of all articulate on the slider has the second push rod, the tip that the slider was kept away from to the second push rod articulates with the second driving disk edge, be equipped with the motor that is connected with the second driving disk transmission in the slide, rotate respectively on the slider and be equipped with the actuating cylinder that is parallel with the supporting seat axial, the actuating cylinder outer tip stretches out the outside that the slide is close to the supporting seat, actuating cylinder outer tip coaxial coupling has the drive wheel, the drive wheel surface is equipped with one deck rubber layer, a plurality of be equipped with the transmission unit between the actuating cylinder.
Optionally, the drive unit is including locating the drive chain between two adjacent drive posts, two adjacent correspond respectively on the drive post be equipped with the drive gear who is connected with the drive chain transmission, in clockwise or anticlockwise orientation, a plurality of drive chains between a plurality of drive posts are dislocation set in order in the axial of drive post, two adjacent be equipped with along the spout that a plurality of drive posts arranged the radial setting of orbit on the slide in the middle of the drive post, it is equipped with the tensioning seat to slide in the spout, rotate on the tensioning seat and be equipped with the take-up pulley with the drive chain meshing, be equipped with the spring telescopic link who is connected with the tensioning seat in the spout, the spring telescopic link applys the elasticity of keeping away from a plurality of drive post intermediate directions for the tensioning seat.
Optionally, the detection subassembly is including sliding a plurality of detection seats of locating on the corresponding slide, a plurality of the detection seat is the equidistant setting of circular orbit coaxial with the supporting seat, a plurality of the radial slip of orbit is all arranged along them to the detection seat, the slide internal rotation is equipped with the third driving disk with the concentric centre of a circle of orbit is arranged to a plurality of detection seat, and a plurality of all articulate on the detection seat has the third push rod, the tip that the detection seat was kept away from to the third push rod is articulated with third driving disk edge, be equipped with the motor that is connected with third driving disk transmission in the slide, the detection is equipped with the measuring rod on the inside wall of measuring seat, the measuring rod is along the radial slip of the circular orbit of arranging of measuring seat, the tip that the measuring rod kept away from the measuring seat is equipped with the second universal ball, the detection wheel and the amplification wheel of coaxial coupling are equipped with between measuring wheel and the amplification wheel and the detection seat, the inner tip of measuring rod articulates there is the follow-up lever, the tip that the measuring rod kept away from the measuring rod articulates in the edge of measuring wheel, the diameter of amplification wheel is equipped with the linear displacement sensor for the measuring wheel, the measuring wheel is equipped with the linear displacement sensor is equipped with its linear displacement sensor along the rack, the linear displacement sensor is equipped with in the linear displacement sensor.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the stepped workpiece can be ground, grinding can be completed in a single operation, an operator is not required to adjust the position of the workpiece for multiple times, the grinding efficiency is greatly improved, and idle running of a grinding wheel and an adjusting wheel is reduced;
the linear speeds of the grinding wheels are the same through the transmission mechanism, the friction force of the grinding wheels on the workpiece is uniform in the grinding process, the workpiece runout is small or the workpiece cannot be runout due to uneven stress, and the grinding precision is improved;
the material moving mechanism not only can carry out feeding and discharging on workpieces with different inner diameters, but also can carry out initial detection on the quality of the workpiece after grinding by matching the arranged driving component and the detection component, and can discover the workpiece with quality defects in time so as to reduce the workload of subsequent manual detection;
the amplification wheel is coaxially connected with the detection wheel, the angular speeds of the amplification wheel and the detection wheel are the same, when the rotation angle of the amplification wheel along with the detection wheel is smaller, the outer diameter of the amplification wheel is larger than that of the detection wheel, so that the rotation track of the circumference of the amplification wheel is obvious, the rotation track of the amplification wheel is monitored through the linear displacement sensor, the second universal ball runout can be monitored, a high-precision sensor is not required, and the use and maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the grinding wheel (section lines are not shown to simplify the construction);
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a material moving mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a drive assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a detection assembly;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test seat.
Reference numerals: 100. a workpiece; 101. a first cylinder; 102. a second cylinder; 103. a third cylinder; 104. a fourth cylinder; 105. a fifth cylinder; 200. an adjusting wheel; 201. a first wheel; 202. a second wheel; 203. a third wheel; 204. a fourth wheel; 205. a fifth wheel; 300. a bracket; 400. a grinding wheel; 401. a first grinding wheel; 402. a second grinding wheel; 403. a third grinding wheel; 404. a fourth grinding wheel; 405. a fifth grinding wheel; 406. a first support; 407. a second support; 408. a fixed shaft; 409. a fixed gear; 410. a planetary gear; 411. a ring gear; 412. a transmission rod; 413. a rotating plate; 414. a driving rod; 500. a material moving mechanism; 501. a moving rack; 502. a slide; 503. a cylinder; 504. a support assembly; 5041. a support base; 5042. a support rod; 5043. a support ball; 5044. a first push rod; 5045. a first drive plate; 505. a drive assembly; 5051. a driving wheel; 5052. a drive chain; 5053. a tensioning wheel; 5054. a spring telescoping rod; 5055. a second drive plate; 5056. a second push rod; 506. a detection assembly; 5061. a detection seat; 5062. a third drive disk; 5063. a third push rod; 5064. a second universal ball; 5065. a detection rod; 5066. a follower lever; 5067. a detection wheel; 5068. an amplifying wheel; 5069. a rack; 50610. a linear displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be recognized by those skilled in the pertinent art, the described embodiments may be modified in numerous different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention discloses a centerless grinder, wherein a workpiece 100 to be ground comprises a first cylinder 101, a second cylinder 102, a third cylinder 103, a fourth cylinder 104 and a fifth cylinder 105 which are coaxially connected in sequence and have different outer diameters, the centerless grinder comprises a grinding wheel 400, an adjusting wheel 200 and a bracket 300 which are arranged on a lathe bed (not shown in the figure), a spraying system (not shown in the figure) for spraying grinding fluid during the grinding process is further arranged above the grinding wheel 400, the grinding wheel 400 and the adjusting wheel 200 are rotatably arranged, the bracket 300 is arranged between the grinding wheel 400 and the adjusting wheel 200, and the bracket 300 can slide along with the adjusting wheel 200 to change the distance between the grinding wheel 400.
The two ends of the grinding wheel 400 are respectively provided with a first support 406 and a second support 407 which are connected with the lathe bed, the first support 406 is horizontally provided with a fixed shaft 408, and the grinding wheel 400 is rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft 408. The grinding wheel 400 includes a first grinding wheel 401, a second grinding wheel 402, a third grinding wheel 403, a fourth grinding wheel 404, and a fifth grinding wheel 405 which are coaxially arranged in order and relatively rotatable, and have an outer diameter and an axial length respectively adapted to the outer diameters of the first cylinder 101, the second cylinder 102, the third cylinder 103, the fourth cylinder 104, and the fifth cylinder 105 of the workpiece 100, and when the first grinding wheel 401 is in contact with the first cylinder 101 of the workpiece 100, the second grinding wheel 402, the third grinding wheel 403, the fourth grinding wheel 404, and the fifth grinding wheel 405 are respectively in contact with the second cylinder 102, the third cylinder 103, the fourth cylinder 104, and the fifth cylinder 105 of the workpiece 100.
A transmission mechanism is arranged on a fixed shaft 408 in the grinding wheel 400, the grinding wheel 400 is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the first grinding wheel 401, the second grinding wheel 402, the third grinding wheel 403, the fourth grinding wheel 404 and the fifth grinding wheel 405 to synchronously rotate and the rotation linear speeds of the first grinding wheel 401, the second grinding wheel 402, the third grinding wheel 403, the fourth grinding wheel 404 and the fifth grinding wheel 405 are the same.
The transmission mechanism comprises five planetary gear assemblies arranged on the fixed shaft 408, each planetary gear assembly comprises a fixed gear 409 coaxially arranged on the fixed shaft 408, a ring gear 411 coaxial with the fixed gear 409 is arranged on the periphery of the fixed gear 409, four planetary gears 410 are meshed between the ring gear 411 and the fixed gear 409, and transmission rods 412 are coaxially connected to the four planetary gears 410 respectively. Five planetary gear assemblies are respectively arranged in the first grinding wheel 401, the second grinding wheel 402, the third grinding wheel 403, the fourth grinding wheel 404 and the fifth grinding wheel 405, a ring gear 411 of each planetary gear assembly is coaxially connected with the corresponding first grinding wheel 401, second grinding wheel 402, third grinding wheel 403, fourth grinding wheel 404 or fifth grinding wheel 405, a transmission rod 412 in the first grinding wheel 401 is rotationally connected with the side part of the second grinding wheel 402, a transmission rod 412 in the second grinding wheel 402 is rotationally connected with the side part of the third grinding wheel 403, a transmission rod 412 in the third grinding wheel 403 is rotationally connected with the side part of the fourth grinding wheel 404, a transmission rod 412 in the fourth grinding wheel 404 is rotationally connected with the side part of the fifth grinding wheel 405, a rotating plate 413 is arranged on the outer side of the fifth grinding wheel 405 far from the fourth grinding wheel 404, a transmission rod 412 in the fifth grinding wheel 405 is rotationally connected with the rotating plate 413, a second support 407 is arranged on the side part of the fifth grinding wheel 405, a driving rod 414 is coaxially connected with the rotating plate, and a driving source for enabling the driving rod 414 to rotate is correspondingly arranged on a lathe bed.
The driving rod 414 rotates to drive the rotating plate 413, the rotating plate 413 drives four driving rods 412 in the fifth grinding wheel 405 to circularly move around the fixed shaft 408, four planetary gears 410 circularly move around the fixed gear 409 and rotate, the ring gear 411 is driven by the four planetary gears 410 to drive the fifth grinding wheel 405 to rotate, correspondingly, the rotating fifth grinding wheel 405 drives the fourth grinding wheel 404 to synchronously rotate through a planetary gear assembly in the fourth grinding wheel 404, then the fourth grinding wheel 404 drives the third grinding wheel 403 to rotate, the third grinding wheel 403 drives the second grinding wheel 402 to rotate, the second grinding wheel 402 drives the first grinding wheel 401 to rotate, the angular speeds of the ring gears 411 of the five planetary gear assemblies are different through adjusting the gear ratio, the gear size and the like of the planetary gear assemblies, so that the angular speeds of the first grinding wheel 401, the second grinding wheel 402, the third grinding wheel 403, the fourth grinding wheel 404 and the fifth grinding wheel 405 are adjusted, and the rotational linear speeds of the first grinding wheel and the second grinding wheel are the same.
Five positioning grooves corresponding to the widths of the five cylinders of the workpiece 100 are correspondingly arranged on the bracket 300, and the height difference between two adjacent positioning grooves is not larger than the difference of the outer radii of the adjacent cylinders corresponding to the workpiece 100. A plurality of first universal balls are uniformly arranged in the side wall of the positioning groove and tangent to the side wall of the positioning groove, the contact area between the side wall of the positioning groove and the side wall of each cylinder of the workpiece 100 is reduced by the aid of the plurality of first universal balls, and friction between the workpiece 100 and the bracket 300 is reduced.
The adjusting wheel 200 includes a first rotating wheel 201, a second rotating wheel 202, a third rotating wheel 203, a fourth rotating wheel 204 and a fifth rotating wheel 205 which are coaxially connected, the outer diameters and the axial lengths of the first rotating wheel 201, the second rotating wheel 202, the third rotating wheel 203, the fourth rotating wheel 204 and the fifth rotating wheel 205 are respectively matched with the outer diameters of the first cylinder 101, the second cylinder 102, the third cylinder 103, the fourth cylinder 104 and the fifth cylinder 105 of the workpiece 100, when the first rotating wheel 201 is contacted with the first cylinder 101 of the workpiece 100, the second rotating wheel 202, the third rotating wheel 203, the fourth rotating wheel 204 and the fifth rotating wheel 205 are respectively contacted with the second cylinder 102, the third cylinder 103, the fourth cylinder 104 and the fifth cylinder 105 of the workpiece 100, and a driving source for driving the rotation of the driving source is correspondingly arranged on a lathe bed at the side part of the adjusting wheel 200.
A material moving mechanism 500 is further arranged above the adjusting wheel 200 and the bracket 300, and the material moving mechanism 500 is used for feeding and discharging the workpiece 100 and detecting the quality of the workpiece 100. The material moving mechanism 500 comprises a moving frame 501, a lower support is arranged at the top of the moving frame 501, an upper support is hinged to the top of the lower support, and a rotary platform is arranged between the lower support and the upper support. The moving frame 501 is driven to move by a three-way driving device (not shown in the figure), the three-way driving device is connected with the upper support column, two sliding seats 502 on the same sliding track are slidably arranged at the bottom of the moving frame 501, and a linear sliding table for driving the two sliding seats 502 is arranged at the top of the moving frame 501.
The two sliding bases 502 are respectively provided with a supporting component 504, the supporting component 504 comprises cylindrical supporting bases 5041 respectively arranged on the side parts of the two sliding bases 502, which are close to each other, the two supporting bases 5041 are in a coaxial state, the sliding bases 502 are provided with air cylinders 503 connected with the side supporting bases 5041, and the air cylinders 503 drive the supporting bases 5041 to slide along the axial direction.
Four support rods 5042 sliding along the radial direction of the support base 5041 are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the support base 5041, and the four support rods 5042 are arranged on the same outer circumference of the support base 5041 at equal intervals. The support 5041 is coaxially provided with a first driving disc 5045 in a rotating manner, the outer end part of each support rod 5042 is provided with a support ball 5043, the outer wall of each support ball 5043 is provided with a rubber layer, the inner end part of each support rod 5042 is hinged with a first push rod 5044, the end part of each first push rod 5044 far away from each support rod 5042 is hinged with the edge part of each first driving disc 5045, and the support 5041 is also internally provided with a motor (not shown in the figure) in transmission connection with the corresponding first driving disc 5045. The motor operates to rotate the first driving disc 5045, and the first driving disc 5045 drives the four support rods 5042 to slide along the support base 5041 in the radial direction synchronously through the first push rod 5044.
In the two sliding seats 502, a driving component 505 is arranged on one sliding seat 502, a detecting component 506 is arranged on the other sliding seat 502, the driving component 505 drives the workpiece 100 to rotate, and the detecting component 506 detects the runout of the workpiece 100 in the radial direction, so that whether the quality of the workpiece 100 and polishing operation are uniform or not is judged.
The driving assembly 505 comprises four sliding blocks slidably disposed on the corresponding sliding seat 502, the four sliding blocks are disposed at equal intervals along a circular track coaxial with the supporting seat 5041, and the four sliding blocks all slide along the radial direction of the track where they are disposed. A disc-shaped rotating seat is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the sliding seat 502 in the middle of the four sliding blocks, the rotating seat and the supporting seat 5041 are in a coaxial state, and a rubber cushion layer is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating seat. The sliding seat 502 is rotationally provided with a second driving disc 5055 concentric with the arrangement track of the four sliding blocks, the four sliding blocks are hinged with second push rods 5056, the end part of each second push rod 5056, which is far away from the sliding block, is hinged with the edge of each second driving disc 5055, a motor (not shown in the figure) in transmission connection with each second driving disc 5055 is arranged in the sliding seat 502, and through holes are correspondingly formed in the centers of the sliding seat and the second driving disc 5055 for the piston of the air cylinder 503 connected with the supporting seat 5041 to pass through.
The slide blocks are respectively provided with driving columns which are axially parallel to the supporting seat 5041 in a rotating mode, the outer end portions of the driving columns extend out of the slide seat 502 and are close to the outer portion of the supporting seat 5041, driving wheels 5051 are coaxially connected to the outer end portions of the driving columns, and a rubber layer is arranged on the surface of each driving wheel 5051.
The driving assembly 505 further comprises a transmission unit arranged in the sliding seat 502, and the four driving columns are synchronously rotated through the transmission of the transmission unit. The transmission unit comprises a transmission chain 5052 arranged between two adjacent driving columns, and the two adjacent driving columns are respectively and correspondingly provided with a transmission gear in transmission connection with the transmission chain 5052, and as the two transmission chains 5052 are in transmission connection with the same driving column, four transmission chains 5052 between four driving columns are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner in the axial direction of the driving columns in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. The sliding seat 502 in the middle of two adjacent driving columns is provided with a sliding groove which is radially arranged along the arrangement track of four driving columns, a tensioning seat is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and a tensioning wheel 5053 meshed with the transmission chain 5052 is rotatably arranged on the tensioning seat. A spring expansion rod 5054 connected with the tensioning seat is arranged in the sliding groove, and the spring expansion rod 5054 applies elastic force for the tensioning seat in the middle direction away from the four driving columns.
A motor (not shown) in transmission connection with one of the driving columns is arranged in the slide base 502, and the motor operates to drive the driving columns to rotate, and the transmission unit drives the other three driving columns to synchronously rotate, so that the four driving wheels 5051 synchronously rotate. Rotation of the second drive plate 5055 can control the four slides to slide synchronously and the four drive posts to slide synchronously, during which process the resiliently sliding tensioner 5053 remains tensioned against the drive chain 5052.
The detecting assembly 506 includes four detecting seats 5061 slidably disposed on the corresponding slide 502, where the four detecting seats 5061 are disposed at equal intervals along a circular track coaxial with the supporting seat 5041, and the four detecting seats 5061 slide along a radial direction of the track along which they are disposed. The sliding seat 502 is rotationally provided with a third driving disk 5062 concentric with the arrangement track of the four detecting seats 5061, the four detecting seats 5061 are hinged with a third push rod 5063, the end part of the third push rod 5063, which is far away from the detecting seat 5061, is hinged with the edge of the third driving disk 5062, a motor (not shown in the figure) in transmission connection with the third driving disk 5062 is arranged in the sliding seat 502, and the center of the third driving disk 5062 is correspondingly provided with a through hole for a piston of an air cylinder 503 connected with the supporting seat 5041 to pass through.
The detection rod 5065 is slidably arranged on the wall of the inner side (the side close to the circle center of the circular arrangement track) of the detection seat 5061, the detection rod 5065 slides along the radial direction of the circular arrangement track of the detection seat 5061, a second universal ball 5064 is arranged at the end part of the detection rod 5065, which is far away from the detection seat 5061, two limiting plates are arranged on the detection rod 5065, and the sliding range of the detection rod 5065 is limited by the two limiting plates. The detection seat 5061 is rotatably provided with a detection wheel 5067 and an amplification wheel 5068 which are coaxially connected, a torsion spring is arranged between the detection wheel 5067, the amplification wheel 5068 and the detection seat 5061, the inner end part of the detection rod 5065 is hinged with a follower rod 5066, and the end part of the follower rod 5066 far away from the detection rod 5065 is hinged to the edge of the detection wheel 5067. Under the elasticity of the torsion spring, the detection wheel 5067 and the amplifying wheel 5068 elastically rotate to push the detection rod 5065 to slide to the limit position outside the detection seat 5061 through the follower rod 5066.
The diameter of the amplifying wheel 5068 is larger than that of the detecting wheel 5067, the amplifying wheel 5068 is a gear, a rack 5069 meshed with the detecting seat 5061 on the side portion of the amplifying wheel 5068 is slidably arranged in the detecting seat 5061 on the side portion of the rack 5069, a linear displacement sensor 50610 is arranged in the detecting seat 5061 on the side portion of the rack 5069, the linear displacement sensor 50610 is arranged along the sliding direction of the rack 5069, a sliding rod of the linear displacement sensor 50610 is connected with the rack 5069, and the linear displacement sensor 50610 is used for monitoring the displacement of the rack 5069.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. feeding material
The material moving mechanism 500 transfers the workpiece 100 to be processed onto the support 300, the three-way driving device drives the moving frame 501 to transfer to the upper part of the workpiece 100, the linear sliding table drives the two sliding seats 502 to move away from each other so that the workpiece 100 can be positioned between the two sliding seats, the three-way driving device drives the moving frame 501 to descend, the two sliding seats 502 and the supporting seats 5041 are positioned at the side parts of the two ends of the workpiece 100, the first driving disc 5045 rotates to retract the supporting rods 5042, the diameter of the circumferential track of the four supporting balls 5043 is smaller than the inner diameter of the end part of the workpiece 100, the air cylinder 503 drives the supporting seats 5041 to slide into the inner side of the end part of the workpiece 100, the first driving disc 5045 rotates to enable the supporting rods 5042 to slide outwards, the four supporting balls 5043 are abutted against the inner wall of the end part of the workpiece 100, the workpiece 100 is fixed at this moment, the three-way driving device drives the moving frame 501 to slide and place the workpiece 100 on the support 300, the first driving disc 5045 rotates to enable the supporting rods 5042 to slide inwards, the supporting balls 5043 are no longer in contact with the inner wall of the end part of the workpiece 100, the air cylinder 503 drives the supporting seats 5041 to slide the end part of the workpiece 100, at this moment, the workpiece 100 is placed on the side part and the side of the support 300 is contacted by the adjusting wheel 200;
2. grinding
The workpiece 100 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the adjusting wheel 200, the adjusting wheel 200 and the bracket 300 approach to the grinding wheel 400, the grinding wheel 400 rotates to grind the workpiece 100, in the process, the spraying system keeps spraying grinding fluid to the workpiece 100, and as the linear speeds of the rotation of the grinding wheels 400 are the same, the friction force applied to the workpiece 100 is uniform, the runout of the workpiece 100 caused by uneven stress in the grinding process is reduced or avoided, and the grinding precision is improved;
3. detection of
The bracket 300 and the adjusting wheel 200 slide away from the grinding wheel 400 after grinding is finished, the material shifting mechanism 500 drives the workpiece 100 to leave the bracket 300 and then detects the workpiece 100, the rotating platform rotates to drive the moving frame 501 to rotate, the workpiece 100 is in a vertical state, the sliding seat 502 provided with the driving component 505 is arranged at the lower part, the bottom end of the workpiece 100 is arranged on the rotating seat, the first driving discs 5045 in the two supporting seats 5041 rotate to enable the supporting balls 5043 not to contact with the inner wall of the end part of the workpiece 100, meanwhile, the second driving discs 5055 rotate to enable the four sliding blocks to synchronously slide, the four driving wheels 5051 are tightly attached to the outer wall of the lower end part of the workpiece 100, the third driving discs 5062 rotate to enable the four detecting seats 5061 to synchronously slide, the four second universal balls 5064 are all contacted with the outer wall of the upper end part of the workpiece 100, and at the moment, the detecting rod 5065 is in a sliding range, the motor operates, the four driving wheels 5051 synchronously rotate to drive the workpiece 100 to rotate, the rotating seat bears the workpiece 100, and the second universal balls 5064 rotate on the outer wall of the upper end part of the workpiece 100;
if the grinding of the workpiece 100 is uneven or the mass distribution of the workpiece 100 is uneven, the upper end of the workpiece 100 can jump in the radial direction of the workpiece 100 in the rotating process, the workpiece 100 can make the second universal ball 5064 drive the detection rod 5065 to slide, the detection wheel 5067 rotates along with the workpiece by the follow-up rod 5066, the detection wheel 5067 rebounds and rotates by the elasticity of the torsion spring, the second universal ball 5064 keeps sliding contact with the outer wall of the upper end of the workpiece 100 by the follow-up rod 5066 and the detection rod 5065, the detection wheel 5067 rotates to drive the amplifying wheel 5068 to synchronously rotate, the amplifying wheel 5068 rotates to drive the rack 5069 to slide, the linear displacement sensor 50610 monitors and records the sliding quantity of the rack 5069, and the workpiece 100 is judged to be abnormal according to the maximum value of the sliding quantity, and manual re-detection and subsequent treatment are needed;
if the workpiece 100 is uniformly ground and has uniform mass distribution, the upper end of the workpiece 100 does not jump or jump very little in the radial direction of the workpiece 100 in the rotation process, and finally the sliding amount of the rack 5069 monitored by the linear displacement sensor 50610 is very small, the workpiece 100 is not abnormal, and the feeding mechanism 500 continuously returns to circularly feed and discharge the workpiece 100 after feeding the workpiece 100 to a feeding area.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the stepped workpiece 100 can be ground, grinding can be completed in a single operation, the operator is not required to adjust the position of the workpiece 100 for multiple times, the grinding efficiency is greatly improved, and the idle running of the grinding wheel 400 and the adjusting wheel 200 is reduced;
the linear speeds of the grinding wheels 400 are the same through the transmission mechanism, the friction force of the grinding wheel 400 received by the workpiece 100 is uniform in all parts during the grinding process, the runout of the workpiece 100 is small or the workpiece 100 cannot be runout due to uneven stress, and the grinding precision is improved;
the material moving mechanism 500 not only can carry out feeding and discharging on the workpieces 100 with different inner diameters and improve the working efficiency, but also can carry out initial detection on the quality of the workpiece 100 after grinding by matching the arranged driving component 505 and the detection component 506, and can timely find the workpiece 100 with quality defects so as to reduce the workload of subsequent manual detection;
the amplifying wheel 5068 is coaxially connected with the detecting wheel 5067, the angular velocities of the amplifying wheel 5068 and the detecting wheel 5067 are the same, when the rotating angle of the amplifying wheel 5068 along with the detecting wheel 5067 is smaller, the outer diameter of the amplifying wheel 5068 is larger than that of the detecting wheel 5067, so that the circumferential rotating track of the amplifying wheel 5068 is obvious, the second universal ball 5064 can be monitored by monitoring the rotating track of the amplifying wheel 5068 through the linear displacement sensor 50610, a high-precision sensor is not needed, and the using and maintaining cost is low.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limiting to the technical solutions of the present invention, and any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without inventive effort should be considered as falling within the scope of protection of the patent claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A centerless grinder, comprising:
the grinding wheel comprises a plurality of grinding wheels which are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively, and the adjusting wheel comprises a plurality of rotating wheels which are coaxially connected;
the first support and the second support are arranged at two sides of the grinding wheel;
the fixed shaft is coaxially and rotatably connected with the grinding wheel and is arranged on the first support;
the transmission mechanism is arranged on the fixed shaft and is in transmission connection with the grinding wheels and the second support;
the material moving mechanism is arranged above the adjusting wheel and the bracket and comprises:
a moving rack;
the two sliding seats are arranged at the bottom of the movable frame in a sliding manner;
the two supporting components are respectively arranged on the two sliding seats;
the outer diameters of the grinding wheels and the rotating wheels are matched with the outer diameters of a plurality of cylinders of the stepped cylinder workpiece to be processed, the transmission mechanism comprises planetary gear assemblies which are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the grinding wheels and are in transmission connection with the grinding wheels, the planetary gear assemblies are in transmission connection with the grinding wheels on the side close to the second support, and a driving source in transmission connection with the planetary gear assembly closest to the second support is arranged on the second support;
the support assembly comprises cylindrical support seats respectively arranged at the side parts of the two sliding seats, which are close to each other, the two support seats are in a coaxial state, the sliding seats are provided with air cylinders connected with the support seats at the side parts of the sliding seats, and the air cylinders drive the support seats to slide along the axial directions of the air cylinders;
one of the sliding seats is provided with a driving component, the other sliding seat is provided with a detection component, the driving component drives the workpiece to rotate, and the detection component detects the runout of the workpiece in the radial direction;
the driving assembly comprises a plurality of sliding blocks which are arranged on the corresponding sliding seat in a sliding manner, the sliding blocks are arranged at equal intervals along a circular track coaxial with the supporting seat, the sliding blocks slide along the radial direction of the track, a disc-shaped rotating seat is coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the sliding seat in the middle of the sliding blocks, a rubber cushion layer is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating seat, a second driving disc concentric with the track of the sliding blocks is rotationally arranged in the sliding seat, a plurality of second push rods are hinged to the sliding blocks, the end parts, far away from the sliding blocks, of the second push rods are hinged to the edges of the second driving disc, a motor in transmission connection with the second driving disc is arranged in the sliding seat, driving columns axially parallel to the supporting seat are rotationally arranged on the sliding blocks respectively, the outer end parts of the driving columns extend out of the sliding seat and are close to the outer parts of the supporting seat, driving wheels are coaxially connected to the outer end parts of the driving columns, a rubber layer is arranged on the surfaces of the driving wheels, and transmission units are arranged between the driving columns.
The transmission unit comprises transmission chains arranged between two adjacent driving columns, transmission gears in transmission connection with the transmission chains are correspondingly arranged on the two adjacent driving columns respectively, a plurality of transmission chains among a plurality of driving columns are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner in the axial direction of the driving columns in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, sliding seats in the middle of the two adjacent driving columns are provided with sliding grooves which are radially arranged along the arrangement tracks of the driving columns, tensioning seats are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves, tensioning wheels meshed with the transmission chains are rotatably arranged on the tensioning seats, spring telescopic rods connected with the tensioning seats are arranged in the sliding grooves, and elastic force far away from the middle direction of the driving columns is applied to the tensioning seats by the spring telescopic rods;
the detection assembly comprises a plurality of detection seats which are arranged on the corresponding sliding seat in a sliding manner, the detection seats are arranged at equal intervals along a circular track which is coaxial with the supporting seat, the detection seats are all arranged along the radial sliding of the track, a third driving disc which is concentric with the track of the detection seats is rotationally arranged in the sliding seat, the detection seats are all hinged with a third push rod, the end part of the third push rod, which is far away from the detection seat, is hinged with the edge of the third driving disc, a motor which is in transmission connection with the third driving disc is arranged in the sliding seat, a detection rod is arranged on the inner side wall of the detection seat in a sliding manner, the detection rod slides along the radial direction of the track of the detection seat, a second universal ball is arranged at the end part of the detection rod, which is far away from the detection seat, a detection wheel and an amplifying wheel which are coaxially connected are rotationally arranged, a torsion spring is arranged between the detection wheel and the detection seat, the inner end part of the detection rod is hinged with a follower rod, the end part of the follower rod is hinged with the edge of the detection wheel, the diameter of the amplifying wheel is larger than the diameter of the detection wheel, the detection wheel is provided with the detection wheel, the amplification wheel is provided with a linear displacement sensor, and the linear displacement sensor is arranged on the linear displacement sensor, and the linear displacement sensor is arranged on the linear displacement sensor.
2. The centerless grinder of claim 1 wherein the planetary gear assembly includes a fixed gear coaxially disposed on the fixed shaft, a ring gear coaxially disposed about the fixed gear, the ring gear coaxially coupled to the outer grinding wheel, a plurality of planetary gears engaged with the fixed gear, and a plurality of transmission rods coaxially disposed on the plurality of planetary gears, the transmission rods rotatably coupled to the side of the grinding wheel adjacent to the second support.
3. The centerless grinder according to claim 2, wherein a driving rod in a coaxial state with the fixed shaft is rotatably provided on the second support, a rotating plate is coaxially connected to the driving rod, and a transmission rod of the planetary gear assembly in the grinding wheel on the side of the second support is rotatably connected to the rotating plate.
4. The centerless grinder of claim 1 wherein a plurality of locating grooves corresponding to the widths of a plurality of cylinders of the workpiece are correspondingly formed in the support, the height difference between two adjacent locating grooves is not greater than the difference between the outer radii of two adjacent cylinders corresponding to the workpiece, a plurality of first universal balls are uniformly arranged in the side walls of the locating grooves, and the first universal balls are tangent to the side walls of the locating grooves.
5. The centerless grinder of claim 1 wherein a plurality of support bars are disposed on the circumferential outer wall of the support base and slide radially along the support bars, the plurality of support bars are disposed on the same outer circumference of the support base at equal intervals, a first driving disk is coaxially disposed in the support base in a rotating manner, a supporting ball is disposed at the outer end of the support bar, a rubber layer is disposed on the outer wall of the supporting ball, a first push rod is hinged to the inner end of the support bar, the end of the first push rod far away from the support bar is hinged to the edge of the first driving disk, and a motor in transmission connection with the first driving disk is further disposed in the support base.
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