CN117679022A - Method for detecting reduction of blood oxygen saturation at night - Google Patents
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the reduction of blood oxygen saturation at night, which comprises the following steps: s1, data acquisition, namely extracting blood oxygen data and body movement data from a PPG signal in monitoring equipment; s2, artifact marking, namely preprocessing the acquired data; s3, oxygen reduction identification, and detecting the decrease of blood oxygen saturation of the data subjected to the S2 pretreatment. The method combines the physiological principle, eliminates the phenomenon of 'pseudo oxygen reduction' caused by other activities of a patient in the monitoring process, and has reliable and accurate identification method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood oxygen saturation reduction recognition, in particular to a detection method for blood oxygen saturation reduction at night.
Background
One name for reduced blood oxygen saturation in the medical field is oxygen reduction, which refers to a reduction in the oxygen content of blood, which typically occurs in abnormal physiological or disease states of the human body. Oxygen reduction is an important indicator of health problems such as sleep apnea, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, etc. Blood oxygen saturation is a measure of the oxygen content of blood, usually expressed as a percentage. Normally, oxygen saturation in healthy humans is typically above 95%, while oxygen depletion may result in lower levels of oxygen saturation, which may have an adverse effect on physical health. Identification of oxygen depletion typically requires the use of biosensing techniques to measure blood oxygen saturation. The most common method is pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2) measurement, which calculates the oxygen saturation in blood based on the difference in absorption of infrared light and red light. Other methods also include measurement of blood oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2), sensing of oxygen molecules, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night, comprising the following steps:
s1, data acquisition, namely extracting blood oxygen data and body movement data from PPG signals in monitoring equipment, wherein the obtained blood oxygen data sequence is expressed as x (i), i is [0, N ]]N is the blood oxygen data length, and the obtained body movement data sequence is expressed as a x ，a y And a z ；
S2, artifact marking, namely preprocessing acquired data, wherein the purpose is to eliminate unreal oxygen reduction information caused by movement or other non-physiological factors;
s3, oxygen reduction identification, and detecting the decrease of blood oxygen saturation of the data subjected to the S2 pretreatment.
Preferably, the step S2 includes the steps of:
s21, eliminating artifacts caused by body movement, obtaining body movement intensity at a certain moment by using body movement data, and normalizing the body movement intensity to be between [0,255 ];
let body movement Threshold be Threshold mov Creating an artifact mark array as Spo2Inval, wherein the length of the Spo2Inval is consistent with the blood oxygen data length, and the default initial value is 0, if the body movement intensity at a certain moment exceeds Threshold mov And this shapeIf the state exceeds a maximum oxygen reduction period, the artifact is considered, namely the corresponding position in the array Spo2Inval is marked as 1, otherwise, the blood oxygen is considered as normal blood oxygen to enter the next step of judgment;
s22, eliminating blood oxygen mutation caused by other factors, detecting abnormal blood oxygen by adopting a Z_score method, calculating the mean value and standard deviation of blood oxygen sequences, and then calculating the Z_score of each blood oxygen data; a z_score score threshold is selected, and the blood oxygen value above this threshold is considered to be abnormal blood oxygen, i.e. the position in the corresponding array Spo2Inval is marked as 1.
Preferably, the body movement intensity calculation formula at a certain time in S21 is:
wherein Mov i The body movement intensity at the time i, a xi ，a yi ，a zi Is the body movement data sequence at the time i;
mov is calculated by the following formula i Normalized to [0,255]Between:
wherein Mov max Represents the maximum value in Mov min Representing the minimum in Mov.
Preferably, the mean, standard deviation and z_score calculation formula in S22 are as follows:
where Mean represents Mean, std represents standard deviation, and z_score represents z_score of blood oxygen data.
Preferably, before starting at S3, an oxygen reduction mark array Spo2Label with an initial value of 0 is created for storing oxygen reduction marks, the length of the Spo2Label is consistent with the length of blood oxygen data, and the oxygen reduction mark is 1.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the steps of:
s31, searching a descending starting point, traversing blood oxygen data in S2, and if the mark of the corresponding position in the Spo2Inval is 1, not incorporating the whole oxygen reduction identification process;
the blood oxygen reduction point was detected according to the following formula:
diff＝x i+1 -x i ；
if diff<0 indicates that blood oxygen starts to decrease, the start point of blood oxygen decrease is recorded as start=i, and the blood oxygen value corresponding to the start point of blood oxygen decrease is x start ；
S32, determining a descending baseline, when the beginning of the descending of blood oxygen is detected in S31, taking 60 blood oxygen values of a non-artifact mark forwards by taking a start as a starting point, counting less than 60 blood oxygen values according to actual numbers, sequencing the 60 blood oxygen values from large to small, taking the first 12 blood oxygen values, and calculating an average value according to the following formula to be used as the descending baseline of the oxygen at the position:
wherein x is sorted Representing the ordered blood oxygen array;
s33, searching a minimum descent point minuos, determining baseline, continuing to traverse blood oxygen data backwards, updating the minimum descent point according to the formula in S31, wherein the minimum descent point is also the blood oxygen descent end point end, and the blood oxygen value corresponding to the minimum descent point is x end ；
S34, judging the descending amplitude of the sample, setting an oxygen reduction threshold value as threshold, and when the sample exceeds the threshold, primarily judging that the sample is subjected to primary oxygen reduction, wherein the calculation formula of the sample is as follows:
amplitude＝start-end；
s35, judging the duration of the descent, and returning to S31 if the duration of the descent does not meet the following formula:
s36, judging a falling rate slope, wherein a slope calculation formula is as follows:
if the slope is greater than or equal to 0.1, returning to S31;
s37, searching for a blood oxygen reduction recovery point recovery, and judging the recovery point according to the combination of the blood oxygen of the starting point and the blood oxygen of the lowest point, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:
s38, judging the total duration times, wherein the calculation formula of the duration times is as follows:
durations＝recovery-start；
s39, oxygen reduction confirmation, namely, an oxygen reduction event occurs when the conditions in S31-S38 are all met.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for identifying blood oxygen saturation reduction, which combines a physiological principle, eliminates the phenomenon of false oxygen reduction caused by other activities of a patient in the monitoring process, and is reliable and accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of detecting blood oxygen saturation reduction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an artifact marking process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen reduction identification process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of oxygen reduction in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of recognition effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The embodiment of the application discloses a method for detecting the reduction of night blood oxygen saturation, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, data acquisition, namely extracting blood oxygen data and body movement data from PPG signals in monitoring equipment, wherein the obtained blood oxygen data sequence is expressed as x (i), i is [0, N ]]N is the length of blood oxygen data, body movement data are obtained by a triaxial acceleration sensor, components of a patient on three coordinate axes in space are acquired, and an obtained body movement data sequence is expressed as a x ，a y And a z ；
S2, carrying out preprocessing on the acquired data to eliminate unreal oxygen reduction information caused by motion or other non-physiological factors, wherein the flow of the artifact marking is as shown in the following 2:
s21, eliminating artifacts caused by body movement, and calculating the body movement intensity at a certain moment by using body movement data according to the following formula:
wherein Mov i The body movement intensity at the time i, a xi ，a yi ，a zi Is the body movement data sequence at the time i;
mov is calculated by the following formula i Normalized to [0,255]Between:
wherein Mov max Represents the maximum value in Mov min Representing the minimum in Mov.
Let body movement Threshold be Threshold mov Creating an artifact mark array as Spo2Inval, wherein the length of the Spo2Inval is consistent with the blood oxygen data length, and the default initial value is 0, if the body movement intensity at a certain moment exceeds Threshold mov And this state exceeds a maximum oxygen reduction period (60 seconds), a 30 second interval is allowed between strong body movements, and no continuous strong body movement exists for more than 30 seconds, then the state is regarded as an artifact, namely the corresponding position in the array Spo2Inval is marked as 1, otherwise, the blood oxygen is regarded as normal blood oxygen, and the next step of judgment is carried out; threshold used in this example mov Let 126 be the time when the body movement intensity exceeds half of the maximum intensity, the body movement is regarded as strong, and the blood oxygen change due to the continuous body movement should not be included in the statistical range of oxygen reduction.
S22, eliminating blood oxygen mutation caused by other factors, detecting abnormal blood oxygen by adopting a Z_score method, calculating the mean value and standard deviation of blood oxygen sequences, and then calculating the Z_score of each blood oxygen data; the mean value represents the mean value of blood oxygen over the night, the standard deviation measures the degree of dispersion of blood oxygen data, Z_score can be either positive or negative, depending on whether the data point is above or below the mean value, with a larger absolute value of Z_score representing a larger difference between the data point and the mean value.
Where Mean represents Mean, std represents standard deviation, and z_score represents z_score Score of blood oxygen data.
A z_score Score threshold is selected and the blood oxygen value above this threshold is considered abnormal blood oxygen, i.e. the position in the array Spo2Inval is marked as 1. In one embodiment, the threshold value of the Z_score Score is set to 2, because an absolute value of Z_score greater than 2 means that the blood oxygen data points deviate to a relatively large extent, exceeding 95% of the data points. In a standard normal distribution, about 95% of the data points lie within plus or minus 2 standard deviations of the mean.
S3, oxygen reduction identification, and detecting the decrease of blood oxygen saturation of the data subjected to the S2 pretreatment. Before S3 starts, an oxygen reduction mark array Spo2Label with the initial value of 0 is created for storing an oxygen reduction mark, the length of the Spo2Label is consistent with the length of blood oxygen data, and the oxygen reduction mark is 1.
The oxygen reduction identification flow is shown in fig. 3, an example graph of oxygen reduction is shown in fig. 4, and S3 includes the steps of:
s31, searching a descending starting point, traversing blood oxygen data in S2, and if the mark of the corresponding position in the Spo2Inval is 1, not incorporating the whole oxygen reduction identification process;
the blood oxygen reduction point was detected according to the following formula:
diff＝x i+1 -x i ；
if diff<0 indicates that blood oxygen starts to decrease, the start point of blood oxygen decrease is recorded as start=i, and the blood oxygen value corresponding to the start point of blood oxygen decrease is x start ；
S32, determining a descending baseline, wherein the baseline directly first determines whether the blood oxygen reduction is truly oxygen reduction, and in one embodiment, takes the average value of the maximum blood oxygen of the first 20% 1 minute before the current blood oxygen reduction time as a descending baseline. When it is detected in S31 that blood oxygen starts to decrease, 60 blood oxygen values of the artifact mark are taken forward from the start, less than 60 are counted according to actual numbers, the 60 blood oxygen values are ordered from large to small, the first 12 blood oxygen values are taken, and an average value is calculated according to the following formula to be taken as an oxygen decrease baseline here:
wherein x is sorted Representing the ordered blood oxygen array;
s33, searching the lowest point minuos, determining baseline, continuing to traverse blood oxygen data backwards, updating the lowest point according to the formula in S31, and allowing the blood oxygen fluctuation amplitude after the first time of descent to be within [ -2,2 [ -2 ]]Means that the tolerance of the blood oxygen within 2% is allowed after the lowest point is reached for the first time, and as shown in B in FIG. 4, the lowest point is also the blood oxygen decrease ending point end, and the blood oxygen value corresponding to the lowest point is x end ；
S34, judging the decreasing amplitude of the sample, setting the oxygen reduction threshold value as threshold, and when the sample exceeds the threshold, primarily judging that the sample is subjected to primary oxygen reduction, wherein the calculation formula of the sample is as follows:
amplitude＝start-end；
typically, threshold may be chosen to be 2%, 3% or 4%, for example 4%, i.e. a primary oxygen reduction when the amplitude >3%, otherwise return to S31 again.
S35, judging the duration of the decrease, wherein the duration of a real oxygen decrease is limited, the shortest duration and the longest duration of oxygen decrease of children are 6 seconds and 60 seconds respectively, the shortest duration and the longest duration of oxygen decrease of adults are 10 seconds and 60 seconds respectively, and returning to S31 if the duration does not satisfy the following formula:
s36, judging the falling rate slope, wherein the falling amplitude of blood oxygen in a human body in 10 seconds is unlikely to exceed 1% under normal conditions, namely the slope is smaller than 0.1, and the slope has the following calculation formula:
if the slope is greater than or equal to 0.1, returning to S31;
s37, searching for a blood oxygen reduction recovery point recovery, wherein the recovery is a point at which oxygen reduction is recovered from a lowest point to a normal blood oxygen level, and the recovery point needs to be judged according to the combination of the blood oxygen of a starting point and the blood oxygen of the lowest point, and the specific judgment mode is as follows: the blood oxygen value is restored to a point at a level of 1% below the start point or 3% above the lowest point, and the judgment formula is as follows:
s38, judging total duration time duration, wherein the total time from the start to the recovery of oxygen is not longer than 90 seconds from the aspect of physiological principles, namely the duration time is <90, and the calculation formula of the duration time is as follows:
durations＝recovery-start；
s39, oxygen reduction confirmation, namely, an oxygen reduction event occurs when the conditions in S31-S38 are all met.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a segment of the effect of artifact identification and oxygen reduction detection on patient monitoring data is demonstrated. Wherein the upper half of FIG. 5 is a blood oxygen trend line, labeled with an artifact segment and an oxygen reduction 4 (according to the oxygen reduction rule, the patient's blood oxygen saturation drops by 4% or more), respectively; the lower half of fig. 5 is a patient-synchronized body movement trend graph. As can be clearly seen from the figures, the present invention is effective in identifying artifacts and oxygen reduction.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night, comprising the steps of:
s1, data acquisition, namely extracting blood oxygen data and body movement data from PPG signals in monitoring equipment, wherein the obtained blood oxygen data sequence is expressed as x (i), i is [0, N ]]N is the blood oxygen data length, and the obtained body movement data sequence is expressed as a x ，a y And a z ；
S2, artifact marking, namely preprocessing acquired data, wherein the purpose is to eliminate unreal oxygen reduction information caused by movement or other non-physiological factors;
s3, oxygen reduction identification, and detecting the decrease of blood oxygen saturation of the data subjected to the S2 pretreatment.
2. The method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night according to claim 1, wherein said S2 comprises the steps of:
s21, eliminating artifacts caused by body movement, obtaining body movement intensity at a certain moment by using body movement data, and normalizing the body movement intensity to be between [0,255 ];
let body movement Threshold be Threshold mov Creating an artifact mark array as Spo2Inval, wherein the length of the Spo2Inval is consistent with the blood oxygen data length, and the default initial value is 0, if the body movement intensity at a certain moment exceeds Threshold mov And the state exceeds a maximum oxygen reduction period, then the state is regarded as an artifact, namely the corresponding position in the array Spo2Inval is marked as 1, otherwise, the section of blood oxygen is regarded as normal blood oxygen to enter the next step of judgment;
s22, eliminating blood oxygen mutation caused by other factors, detecting abnormal blood oxygen by adopting a Z_score method, calculating the mean value and standard deviation of blood oxygen sequences, and then calculating the Z_score of each blood oxygen data; a z_score Score threshold is selected, and the blood oxygen value above this threshold is considered abnormal blood oxygen, i.e. the position in the corresponding array Spo2Inval is marked as 1.
3. The method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night according to claim 2, wherein the body movement intensity calculation formula at a certain time in S21 is:
wherein Mov i The body movement intensity at the time i, a xi ，a yi ，a zi Is the body movement data sequence at the time i;
mov is calculated by the following formula i Normalized to [0,255]Between:
wherein Mov max Represents the maximum value in Mov min Representing the minimum in Mov.
4. The method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night according to claim 2, wherein the mean, standard deviation and z_score Score calculation formula in S22 is:
where Mean represents Mean, std represents standard deviation, and z_score represents z_score Score of blood oxygen data.
5. The method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night according to claim 4, wherein before S3 is started, an oxygen reduction mark array Spo2Label with an initial value of 0 is created for storing oxygen reduction marks, the length of the Spo2Label is consistent with the length of blood oxygen data, and the oxygen reduction mark is 1.
6. The method for detecting a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at night according to claim 5, wherein said S3 comprises the steps of:
s31, searching a descending starting point, traversing blood oxygen data in S2, and if the mark of the corresponding position in the Spo2Inval is 1, not incorporating the whole oxygen reduction identification process;
the blood oxygen reduction point was detected according to the following formula:
diff＝x i+1 -x i ；
if diff<0 indicates that blood oxygen starts to decrease, the start point of blood oxygen decrease is recorded as start=i, and the blood oxygen value corresponding to the start point of blood oxygen decrease is x start ；
S32, determining a descending baseline, when the beginning of the descending of blood oxygen is detected in S31, taking 60 blood oxygen values of a non-artifact mark forwards by taking a start as a starting point, counting less than 60 blood oxygen values according to actual numbers, sequencing the 60 blood oxygen values from large to small, taking the first 12 blood oxygen values, and calculating an average value according to the following formula to be used as the descending baseline of the oxygen at the position:
wherein x is sorted Representing the ordered blood oxygen array;
s33, searching a minimum descent point minuos, determining baseline, continuing to traverse blood oxygen data backwards, updating the minimum descent point according to the formula in S31, wherein the minimum descent point is also the blood oxygen descent end point end, and the blood oxygen value corresponding to the minimum descent point is x end ；
S34, judging the decreasing amplitude of the sample, setting the oxygen reduction threshold value as threshold, and when the sample exceeds the threshold, primarily judging that the sample is subjected to primary oxygen reduction, wherein the calculation formula of the sample is as follows:
amplitude＝start-end；
s35, judging the duration of the descent, and returning to S31 if the duration of the descent does not meet the following formula:
s36, judging a falling rate slope, wherein a slope calculation formula is as follows:
if the slope is greater than or equal to 0.1, returning to S31;
s37, searching for a blood oxygen reduction recovery point recovery, and judging the recovery point according to the combination of the blood oxygen of the starting point and the blood oxygen of the lowest point, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:
s38, judging the total duration times, wherein the calculation formula of the duration times is as follows:
durations＝recovery-start；
s39, oxygen reduction confirmation, namely, an oxygen reduction event occurs when the conditions in S31-S38 are all met.
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