CN117678095A - Fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system - Google Patents

Fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117678095A
CN117678095A CN202280049405.7A CN202280049405A CN117678095A CN 117678095 A CN117678095 A CN 117678095A CN 202280049405 A CN202280049405 A CN 202280049405A CN 117678095 A CN117678095 A CN 117678095A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
path
delivery
delivery device
injection nozzle
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CN202280049405.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
M·库尔茨
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of CN117678095A publication Critical patent/CN117678095A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/04—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/10—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/10—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
    • F04F5/12—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids of multi-stage type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/461—Adjustable nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/48—Control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel delivery device (10) for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system, comprising a first delivery path (F1) and a second delivery path (F2), wherein the first delivery path (F1) and the second delivery path (F2) are connected in series to one another, wherein the first delivery device (FE 1) and/or the second delivery device (FE 2) are designed for controlling the delivery power of the fuel as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system, and wherein the first delivery path (F1) and/or the second delivery path (F2) comprise a variable flow channel for the fuel, by means of which the volume flow of the fuel through the variable flow channel can be varied as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system.

Description

Fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system and a method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system.
Background
In general, in a fuel cell system, a fuel, such as hydrogen, may be provided for an anode circuit of the fuel cell. The anode circuit is designed here for supplying the anode side of the fuel cell or of the fuel cell stack with a first gas, by means of which a reaction can then take place on the fuel cell.
Here, it is possible to obtain fresh fuel (hydrogen) from the tank and supply it to the system through a metering valve. On the other hand, hydrogen can also be fed in the circuit via a suction jet pump and/or a recirculation fan. Here, the suction jet pump may cover an upper load area, and the recirculation fan may cover a lower load area. A combination of loop circulation and fresh supply is possible, however, both transport methods also affect each other, since they usually run in series (connected) with each other.
When operating with hydrogen, the (mobile) fuel cell system can be operated with an excess of hydrogen (Lamda > 1), wherein the excess hydrogen can be returned via the recirculation path to the anode path, which can supply the fuel cell.
In general, the return can be effected actively by means of a recirculation pump alone or with additional support by means of an injection nozzle, or can be effected passively by means of an injection nozzle alone. Since the single injection nozzle is usually too small to cover the entire load area, two injection nozzles connected in parallel are usually used, but wherein an additional control valve may be necessary, which can prevent or reduce the backflow of fresh fuel and recirculated fuel gas mixture into the outflow channel of the fuel cell. However, the additional control valve incurs more cost for the overall system.
In DE 112006003013 B4 a tank is described with a fitting and a valve, wherein the valve is fastened in the fitting.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1 and a method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 10.
Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
THE ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The invention is based on the idea of providing a fuel supply device for supplying fuel for a fuel cell system and a method for operating a fuel supply device for supplying fuel for a fuel cell system, wherein the supply of fuel to the fuel cell system can be controlled in such a way that an active control valve, which is actuated and which requires separate actuation, can be dispensed with.
According to the present invention, a fuel delivery apparatus for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system includes: a first transport path for fuel, the first transport path having a first transport device; a second transport path for the fuel, the second transport path having a second transport device, wherein the first transport path and the second transport path are connected in series and engage each other, and the fuel can be transported through the first transport path and then through the second transport path one after the other; an outlet opening for the fuel, which outlet opening is connected to the second supply path and through which the fuel can be discharged to the fuel cell, wherein the first supply device and/or the second supply device are designed to control the supply power of the fuel as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system, and wherein the first supply path and/or the second supply path comprise a variable flow channel for the fuel, by means of which the volumetric flow of the fuel through the variable flow channel can be varied as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system.
According to the invention, a passive recirculation can thus be achieved, which has two delivery devices, for example two injection nozzles, without the use of an additional active control valve. The two conveying devices are connected in series. Such injection nozzles can be controlled and activated by opening a metering valve (hydrogen metering valve), abbreviated to "HGI", associated with the delivery device. Thus, a cost-effective implementation of the passive recirculation of fuel to the fuel cell can be achieved.
The fuel may be, for example, gaseous, wherein liquid fuel can also be delivered. The first conveying path and/or the second conveying path may each or both comprise a pipe or hose, which may merge into the end section.
The term "fuel" is generally understood herein to mean a medium or material composition used to drive a fuel cell, for example, for the anode side of the fuel cell. However, it is also possible here to build the same system on the cathode side of the fuel cell. The fuel cells may be individual fuel cells or fuel cell stacks.
The action of delivery may here comprise different methods, such as pumping or suction beam delivery. The two conveying paths can be operated by the respective conveying device and, depending on the requirements in the different operating modes, for example, as a function of the power of the fuel cell and the necessary conveying of fresh fuel or recirculated fuel.
The first conveying path and/or the second conveying path and the components thereof may be formed separately as modules.
For example, the fuel delivery device may be used in all fuel cell systems having hydrogen metering valves and recirculation, or may be used in other fuel types for fuel cell systems.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the first delivery device comprises a first metering valve and/or a first suction jet pump.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the second delivery device comprises a second metering valve and/or a second suction jet pump.
Through the metering valve, a desired amount of fuel can be introduced into the delivery path. The defined volume flow can then be produced by means of a suction jet pump.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the second delivery path comprises a second external fuel connection, wherein the second external fuel connection is connectable with an external fuel tank.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the first delivery path comprises a first external fuel connection and/or a first internal fuel connection, wherein the first external fuel connection is connectable with an external fuel tank and the first internal fuel connection is connectable with a return from the fuel cell.
Thus, through the external fuel connection, fuel can be introduced from the external fuel tank into the corresponding transport path. By means of the internal fuel connection, fuel can be guided back from the fuel cell into the transport path in recirculation and again back to the fuel cell by means of the corresponding transport path, for example from the anode side to the anode side again in recirculation.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the first delivery device comprises a first injection nozzle which is arranged in the first delivery path and through whose inner volume flow of fuel can be guided, and wherein the first injection nozzle forms a variable flow channel, wherein the first injection nozzle is arranged in a movable manner along the first delivery path and the outer volume flow of fuel around the first injection nozzle can be blocked or let down depending on the position of the first injection nozzle.
Thus, by means of the movable spray nozzle, the total volume flow can be controlled, which may consist of the outer volume flow surrounding the spray nozzle and the inner volume flow in the spray nozzle, or only the outer volume flow or the inner volume flow may correspond to the total volume flow separately. The spray nozzle may have a substantially cylindrical shape, for example having a diameter on one end that increases towards one of the ends.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the second delivery device comprises a second injection nozzle which is arranged in the second delivery path and through the inner region of which an inner volume flow of fuel can be guided, and wherein the second injection nozzle forms a variable flow channel, wherein the second injection nozzle is arranged in a movable manner along the second delivery path and an outer volume flow of fuel around the second injection nozzle can be blocked or let down depending on the position of the second injection nozzle.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the first delivery path comprises a first spring device by means of which the first injection nozzle can be relatively tensioned against the sealing geometry, and/or the second delivery path comprises a second spring device by means of which the second injection nozzle can be relatively tensioned against the internal pressure of the fuel in the second delivery path.
Depending on the internal pressure ratio in the conveying path, the injection nozzle can be moved against the force of the spring device and, starting from a pretensioned rest position of the spring device, the external volume flow can be allowed or interrupted, advantageously on a sealing seat (sealing geometry), wherein the sealing seat can correspond to a constriction of the inner wall of the first conveying path and can press the injection sleeve against the constriction. The interruption can be realized in such a way that the injection nozzle can be formed wider at its end with respect to the diameter of the conveying path than at its beginning, and thus the projections on the wall of the conveying path can be closed, and thus the external volume flow can be interrupted. This type of shaping may be referred to as a sealing geometry and may form a variable flow channel.
According to a preferred embodiment of the fuel delivery device, the first delivery path and the second delivery path extend in an elongated manner in the same direction, and the first delivery device is arranged at the beginning of the first delivery path, and the second delivery device is arranged laterally on the second delivery path and comprises a second inlet nozzle for the fuel, which is oriented in the direction of the two delivery paths in said delivery paths.
The conveying paths can be joined to one another linearly and can thus form a conveying device which runs in a main direction and is elongate. For this purpose, the inlet nozzle can then be oriented in the direction of the length.
According to the present invention, a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell and a fuel delivery apparatus according to the present invention.
According to the invention, in a method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system, a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel according to the invention is provided and is connected to a fuel cell; identifying the necessity of transporting fuel from the fuel tank and subsequently transporting the fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel cell by means of a first transport path having a first transport means and/or by means of a second transport path having a second transport means; identifying a necessity of delivering fuel at a low operating power of the fuel cell system or at a high operating power of the fuel cell system, and subsequently delivering fuel in the first delivery path and/or in the second delivery path; and discharging the fuel to the fuel cell via the output opening for the fuel.
According to a preferred embodiment of the method, only the first or the second conveyor is operated at low operating power and, at high operating power, not only the first conveyor but also the second conveyor is operated or, at high operating power, only the one of the first or the second conveyor that is more strongly designed is operated.
The delivery device can be operated separately and a negative pressure is generated at an inlet opening for the fuel, which is connected upstream in the delivery path, for example at an external fuel connection or an internal fuel connection, and then the fuel is sucked from the outside or from the recirculation through the inlet opening. A more strongly designed conveyor device can thus generate a negative pressure and can generate recirculation from other conveyor devices.
The identification of the necessity can be carried out via sensors or knowledge about the type of operation of the fuel cell, for example from a conclusion about the power range/load range of the current operation of the fuel cell.
Advantageously, the method may also be characterized by the already mentioned features of the fuel delivery device and vice versa.
Further features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be apparent from the following description with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
Hereinafter, the present invention is explained in more detail according to embodiments illustrated in the schematic drawings of the drawings.
The drawings show:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel delivery apparatus for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to a further embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to a further embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of method steps of a method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally identical elements.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a fuel delivery apparatus for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The fuel delivery apparatus 10 for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system includes: a first transport path F1 for fuel, the first transport path having a first transport means FE1; a second transport path F2 for fuel, which has a second transport means FE2, wherein the first transport path F1 and the second transport path F2 are connected in series with each other and engage each other, and the fuel can be transported through the first transport path F1 and then through the second transport path F2 one after the other; an outlet opening AO for fuel, which is connected to the second supply path F2 and through which fuel can be discharged to the fuel cell, wherein the first supply device FE1 and/or the second supply device FE2 are designed to control the supply power of the fuel as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system, and wherein the first supply path F1 and/or the second supply path F2 comprise a variable flow channel for the fuel, by means of which the volumetric flow of the fuel through the variable flow channel can be varied as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system. The first delivery device FE1 here comprises a first metering valve DV1 and/or a first suction jet pump SSP1.
In addition, the second delivery device FE2 comprises a second metering valve DV2 and/or a second suction jet pump SSP2. The second transport path F2 may include a second external fuel connection ET2, wherein the second external fuel connection ET2 is connectable with an external fuel tank.
In addition, the first transport path F1 may include a first external fuel connection portion ET1 and a first internal fuel connection portion IT1, wherein the first external fuel connection portion ET1 is connectable with an external fuel tank and the first internal fuel connection portion IT1 is connectable with a return portion from the fuel cell.
In addition, the first conveying means FE1 may comprise a first injection nozzle SD1, which may be arranged in the first conveying path F1 and through which an inner volume flow of fuel can be guided, and wherein the first injection nozzle SD1 may form said variable flow channel, wherein the first injection nozzle SD1 may be arranged in a movable manner along the first conveying path F1 and an outer volume flow of fuel around the first injection nozzle SD1 can be blocked or let down depending on the position of the first injection nozzle SD 1.
The first conveying path F1 can here comprise a first spring device Fed1, by means of which the first spray nozzle SD1 can be relatively tensioned against the sealing geometry 2.2 (wall of the first conveying path) to 2.3 (spray sleeve widening), for example for a defined starting position of the first spray nozzle SD 1. The sealing geometry may here comprise a sealing seat, for example a projection or a bulge on the wall of the (first or second) conveying path. The spray nozzle can be pushed against the sealing seat, advantageously by means of a spring device. The sealing position may correspond to a rest position, in which the (first) injection nozzle may subsequently be moved in the opposite direction of the force of the first spring means and an additional path for the fuel may be opened in the event of an increase in internal pressure.
In general, the fuel delivery apparatus 10 and its components may be designed to deliver hydrogen gas, either in liquid or gaseous form, as a fuel.
According to fig. 1, the fuel delivery device 10 may be configured as a dual injection nozzle module, the delivery devices FE1 and FE2 of which may be connected in series. The delivery paths F1 and F2 may be operated and activated by hydrogen metering valves, respectively.
In the medium pressure region Vmitt, the external fuel connections ET1 and ET2 can merge into the respective delivery devices FE1 and FE2 and supply these from an external tank with fresh fuel, for example hydrogen. For this purpose, the sealing of the intermediate-pressure region with respect to the outer and inner regions of the adjacent delivery paths can take place via seals 8a and 8b or 9a and 9b, respectively, which can separate the outer region of the fuel delivery device 10 from the adjacent delivery paths. Then, a so-called anode region Van can adjoin inwards in the transport path, which can be separated by adjacent seals. These seals may comprise O-rings, respectively, via O-rings 8a and 8b or 9a and 9b into the anode region VAn.
If the fuel cell should be operated at low load, less fuel (hydrogen) is required, which may also result in lower power for the delivery device.
At high load operating points, the power of the conveying device can be designed to be large, so that a large (volumetric) mass flow feedback can be achieved.
When operating at low load, a delivery device, such as first delivery device FE1, may supply fresh fuel, such as hydrogen, to the system. Then, the second transport means FE2 may shut off the inflow from the medium-pressure region to the anode region, i.e. may be shut off.
In this way, fresh hydrogen can be introduced from the nozzle 4.1 into the first conveying path F1 in the first conveying means FE1, and thus in the region in front of the first conveying path F1 (in front of the sleeve from the direction of the fuel connection ET1 or IT 1), a negative pressure is generated, which can suck recirculated gas (fuel) from the first internal fuel connection IT 1.
Thus, the first injection nozzle SD1 is shaped, for example, as an injection sleeve, which can generate an inner volume flow.
The first injection nozzle SD1 may have a pipe shape and a smaller diameter on the side of the metering valve than on the end thereof in the direction along the first conveying path. The first injection nozzle SD1 can therefore have an increased outer diameter in the end region in the direction of the first conveying path and, together with the conveying path, end at the edge 2.2 with a sealing edge 2.3 of the injection nozzle SD1, which sealing edge can block a possible outer volume flow SP1 between the injection sleeve 2.1 and the module housing 13 if the internal pressure can push the injection sleeve onto the sealing edge 2.3 in the case of low-load operation. In this case, the injected fresh hydrogen and the recirculated gas reach the internal volume flow SP2 in the fuel cell (and the internal volume flow SP3 of the second conveying path F2), where the second conveying device can be shut off or operated at a lower power than the first conveying device. In this operating range, in addition to the spring force Ff, a pneumatic force FpN acts in the same direction as the spring force, which is related to the diameter ratio da/di, since a negative pressure can be generated in front of the injection sleeve 2.1 and an overpressure can be generated behind the injection sleeve. The sum of the two forces ensures that the sealing edge 2.2 can close the flow path SP1 and that the injected fresh hydrogen cannot flow back into the internal fuel connection IT1 via the flow path SP1.
In operation under high load, the second delivery device FE2 may be active and the metering valve DV2 of the second delivery device may supply fresh hydrogen to the system via the second external fuel connection ET 2. Then, the first transport means FE1 may shut off the inflow from the medium pressure region to the anode region on the first transport means. The first conveyor can be switched off or operated at a lower power than the second conveyor.
If fresh hydrogen is now introduced from the nozzle of the second delivery device, a negative pressure is generated in the region in front of the second injection nozzle, which draws in recirculated gas from the first internal fuel connection IT 1. Since the recirculation flow is now greater than in the case of low loads, the cross section di at the injection sleeve 2.1 is insufficient for the flow through in the case of pressure equalization. Thus, a pressure drop is generated at the first injection nozzle FE1, the force FpH of which can counteract the optional spring force Ff of the first spring means Fed 1. The injection sleeve of SD1 can be displaced in the axial direction in the direction of the first conveying path, and the sealing edge 2.2 releases the outer flow path SP1. The recirculating gas can now pass through the marked openings 13.1 of the outer module in the guide region(s) 13.2 of the first injection sleeve SD1 via the now open sealing seat 2.3 into the inflow region in front of the second conveying means FE 2. Since the outer and inner flow paths SP1 and SP2 are now available, the injection nozzles of the second transport means FE2 are supplied with all the recirculation gas present. The injection nozzle of the second delivery device can now supply the fuel cell with fresh hydrogen and the recirculation gas present. The second conveyor may then be operated at a greater power than the first conveyor.
The function of the injection nozzle of the first transport means FE1 can also be provided without the first spring means Fed 1; in this case, in high-load operation, only very low flow losses occur in the outer flow path SP1.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the fuel delivery device 10 of fig. 1, but wherein the first delivery device and thus the first delivery path does not comprise a movable injection nozzle. The variant of fig. 2 thus shows a dual-injection nozzle module in which the sequence of action of the delivery paths in fig. 1 is reversed in the fuel flow direction. The conveyor of the first conveyor path is now used for operation under high load, which can be connected upstream of the second conveyor for low load.
The fuel delivery device 10 according to fig. 2 is configured such that the second delivery device FE2 comprises a second injection nozzle SD2 which is arranged in the second delivery path F2 and through which an inner volume flow of fuel can be guided through an inner region IB2 of the second injection nozzle, and wherein the second injection nozzle SD2 forms a variable flow channel, wherein the second injection nozzle SD2 is arranged in a movable manner along the second delivery path F2 and an outer volume flow of fuel around the second injection nozzle SD2 can be blocked or released depending on the position of the second injection nozzle SD 2. In addition, the second conveying path F2 may comprise a second spring device Fed2, by means of which the second spray nozzle SD2 can be relatively tensioned against the sealing geometry 2.2/2.3 (similar to that in fig. 1, but now in the second conveying path and on the second spray sleeve), for example for a well-defined starting position of the second spray nozzle SD 2.
The sealing seats 2.3 and 2.2 can now be located around the second injection jet SD2 on the second injection nozzle and the second conveying path.
In other respects, with a corresponding operation of the second delivery device, for example the second metering valve and/or the second suction injection pump, the same pressure-proportional relationship according to fig. 1 can now be produced in fig. 2 around the second injection nozzle, so that fuel can be sucked from the first internal fuel connection IT1 and the pressure in front of the second injection nozzle DS2 can be smaller than the pretension of the second spring device Fed 2. Then, the sealing seat 2.2 of the second injection nozzle DS2 can be placed on the sealing seat 2.3 of the second conveying path and the external volume flow is blocked. Then, fuel can only be guided through the interior region IB2. This may correspond to a low load condition and if the first delivery path is shut off (for this purpose, fuel may then be delivered from the external line ET2 by the second delivery device), only recirculation may be operated by the first delivery path by way of suction from the first internal fuel connection IT1 at negative pressure. Then, similar to fig. 1, for high-load operation, a pressure level of this type can be generated in the conveying path, so that the injection sleeve of the second injection nozzle DS2 can be pressed against the spring, and in the second conveying path not only the inner volume flow but also the outer volume flow can be operated, since the outer volume flow of the injection sleeve surrounding the second injection nozzle can be released. Thus, the recirculated fuel and the fresh fuel can be delivered only through the internal pressure proportionality and without an additional active control valve. According to fig. 1, for the respective case with a greater or lower power relative to one another, the first and the second conveyor can be operated, or one of the two conveyors can be switched off accordingly. In order to move the second injection sleeve, the two conveying devices can be operated in relation to one another in such a way that the pressure level generated in the conveying path can open the second injection sleeve or suction from the outlet opening, for example from the fuel cell itself or from a device behind the conveying opening, can be effected, wherein a pulling action and a corresponding pressure level can be produced on the second injection sleeve and an opening effect of the sealing seat can be produced, similar to the illustration with respect to fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
The fuel delivery device 10 according to fig. 3 is distinguished in that the first delivery path F1 and the second delivery path F2 extend in an elongated manner along the same direction R towards the outlet opening AO (the second delivery path extends only partially in an elongated manner, since bends may be present), and that the first delivery means FE1 is arranged at the beginning of the first delivery path F1, and that the second delivery means FE2 is arranged laterally on the second delivery path F2 and comprises a second inlet nozzle E2 which can be oriented in the direction R of the two delivery paths. The second inlet nozzle E2 may comprise a flexible or fixed nozzle or tube shape which can extend into the second conveying path F2 and can be bent by 90 degrees towards the outlet opening AO.
As in other examples, the second external fuel connection ET2 may be arranged beside the second transportation means FE 2.
The fuel delivery device 10 of fig. 3 corresponds substantially to the fuel delivery device of fig. 1 and is identical to the arrangement of fig. 1 in the flow direction in terms of the arrangement in the flow direction. However, the variant of fig. 3 corresponds to a different structural design of the dual spray nozzle module. The elongate design of the dual spray nozzle module requires that the second conveying means FE2 be equipped with a curved second inlet nozzle E2.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of method steps of a method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system, S1 a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel according to the present invention is provided, and the fuel delivery device is connected to a fuel cell; identifying S2 the necessity of transporting fuel from the fuel tank and subsequently transporting S3 the fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel cell by means of a first transport path with a first transport device and/or by means of a second transport path with a second transport device; identifying S4 the necessity of delivering fuel at low operating power of the fuel cell system or at high operating power of the fuel cell system, and subsequently delivering S5 the fuel in the first delivery path and/or in the second delivery path; and discharging S6 the fuel to the fuel cell via the output opening for the fuel.
Although the invention has been fully described hereinabove in terms of preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto but can be modified in an advantageous manner.

Claims (11)

1. A fuel delivery apparatus (10) for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system, the fuel delivery apparatus comprising:
a first transport path (F1) for the fuel, said first transport path having a first transport means (FE 1);
-a second transport path (F2) for the fuel, which second transport path has a second transport device (FE 2), wherein the first transport path (F1) and the second transport path (F2) are connected in series with each other and engage each other, and the fuel can be transported successively through the first transport path (F1) and subsequently through the second transport path (F2);
an outlet opening (AO) for the fuel, which outlet opening is connected to the second supply path (F2) and through which the fuel can be discharged to a fuel cell, wherein the first supply device (FE 1) and/or the second supply device (FE 2) are designed to control the supply power of the fuel as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system, and wherein the first supply path (F1) and/or the second supply path (F2) comprise a variable flow channel for the fuel, by means of which the volumetric flow of the fuel through the variable flow channel can be varied as a function of the operating power of the fuel cell system.
2. The fuel delivery device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first delivery device (FE 1) comprises a first metering valve (DV 1) and/or a first suction injection pump (SSP 1).
3. The fuel delivery device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second delivery device (FE 2) comprises a second metering valve (DV 2) and/or a second suction injection pump (SSP 2).
4. A fuel delivery device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second delivery path (F2) comprises a second external fuel connection (ET 2), wherein the second external fuel connection (ET 2) is connectable with an external fuel tank.
5. The fuel delivery device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first delivery path (F1) comprises a first external fuel connection (ET 1) and/or a first internal fuel connection (IT 1), wherein the first external fuel connection (ET 1) is connectable with an external fuel tank and the first internal fuel connection (IT 1) is connectable with a return from the fuel cell.
6. The fuel delivery device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first delivery device (FE 1) comprises a first injection nozzle (SD 1) which is arranged in the first delivery path (F1) and through whose inner volume flow can be guided, and wherein the first injection nozzle (SD 1) forms the variable flow channel, wherein the first injection nozzle (SD 1) is arranged in a movable manner along the first delivery path (F1) and the outer volume flow of the fuel around the first injection nozzle (SD 1) can be blocked or let down depending on the position of the first injection nozzle (SD 1).
7. The fuel delivery device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second delivery device (FE 2) comprises a second injection nozzle (SD 2) which is arranged in the second delivery path (F2) and through whose inner volume flow can be guided, and wherein the second injection nozzle (SD 2) forms the variable flow channel, wherein the second injection nozzle (SD 2) is arranged in a movable manner along the second delivery path (F2) and the outer volume flow of the fuel around the second injection nozzle (SD 2) can be blocked or let down depending on the position of the second injection nozzle (SD 2).
8. The fuel delivery device (10) according to any one of claims 6 or 7, wherein the first delivery path (F1) comprises a first spring device (Fed 1) by means of which the first injection nozzle (SD 1) can be relatively tensioned against a sealing geometry, and/or the second delivery path (F2) comprises a second spring device (Fed 2) by means of which the second injection nozzle (SD 2) can be relatively tensioned against an internal pressure of the fuel in the second delivery path (F2).
9. The fuel delivery device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first delivery path (F1) and the second delivery path (F2) extend long in the same direction (R), and the first delivery device (FE 1) is arranged at the beginning of the first delivery path (F1), and the second delivery device (FE 2) is arranged laterally on the second delivery path (F2) and comprises a second inlet nozzle (E2) for the fuel, which is oriented in the delivery path in the direction (R) of the two delivery paths.
10. A method for operating a fuel delivery device (10) for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system, the method comprising the steps of:
-providing (S1) a fuel delivery device (10) for delivering fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and-connecting the fuel delivery device (10) with a fuel cell;
-identifying (S2) the necessity of transporting fuel from a fuel tank and subsequently transporting (S3) the fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel cell by means of a first transport path (F1) with a first transport means (FE 1) and/or by means of a second transport path (F2) with a second transport means (FE 2);
identifying (S4) the necessity of transporting the fuel in the case of low operating power of the fuel cell system or in the case of high operating power of the fuel cell system, and subsequently transporting (S5) the fuel in the first transport path (F1) and/or in the second transport path (F2); and
-discharging (S6) the fuel to the fuel cell via an output opening (AO) for the fuel.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, in the case of low operating power, only the first conveying means (FE 1) or the second conveying means (FE 2) is operated, and, in the case of high operating power, not only the first conveying means (FE 1) but also the second conveying means (FE 2) is operated, or, in the case of high operating power, only the one of the first conveying means (FE 1) or the second conveying means (FE 2) that is designed to be stronger is operated.
CN202280049405.7A 2021-07-14 2022-06-27 Fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering fuel for a fuel cell system Pending CN117678095A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021207487.1A DE102021207487A1 (en) 2021-07-14 2021-07-14 Fuel delivery device for delivering a fuel for a fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel delivery device for delivering a fuel for a fuel cell system
DE102021207487.1 2021-07-14
PCT/EP2022/067517 WO2023285119A1 (en) 2021-07-14 2022-06-27 Fuel delivery apparatus for delivering a fuel for a fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel delivery apparatus for delivering a fuel for a fuel cell system

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JP3588776B2 (en) * 2001-11-09 2004-11-17 本田技研工業株式会社 Fuel circulation type fuel cell system
JP4935117B2 (en) 2005-11-08 2012-05-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 tank
US8920999B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2014-12-30 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Multiple injector and ejector array
DE102017222390A1 (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Conveying device for a fuel cell assembly for conveying and / or recirculating a gaseous medium
CN111740131B (en) 2020-06-24 2021-10-22 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Hydrogen return system of fuel cell

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