CN117674644B - Two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor and control circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents
Two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor and control circuit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117674644B CN117674644B CN202410148686.2A CN202410148686A CN117674644B CN 117674644 B CN117674644 B CN 117674644B CN 202410148686 A CN202410148686 A CN 202410148686A CN 117674644 B CN117674644 B CN 117674644B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of motor control, in particular to a two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor, a control circuit and a control method thereof. The two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit comprises a control branch and a power supply branch, wherein a filter circuit is connected in series in the power supply branch, a switch circuit is additionally arranged in front of a rectifying circuit in the power supply branch, the switch circuit is controlled to be turned off according to rising edge signals in speed-regulating signals, when the speed-regulating signals are high-level signals, a switch control signal with gradually increased conduction ratio is input to the control end of the switch circuit, the switch circuit is turned on and off through the switch control signal, current chopping is realized, the filter circuit is combined, rapid change of current can be effectively avoided, peak current is restrained, electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the two-wire speed-regulating brushless direct current motor has better electromagnetic compatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor control, in particular to a two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor, a control circuit and a control method thereof.
Background
The brushless DC motor is used as a driving motor, and the high-efficiency and high-performance speed regulating system is realized through electronic phase-change and speed regulating technology. The commutation of the motor rotor is realized by an electronic commutation technology, and the friction and loss of a mechanical commutator are avoided. And (3) adopting a PWM (pulse width modulation) control mode to carry out speed regulation, and taking the duty ratio of a PWM signal as a speed regulation signal.
The current brushless motor generally adopts three-wire design, including power positive pole, power negative pole and speed governing line, the brushless motor carries out rotational speed regulation through the pulse speed governing signal on the speed governing line, for convenient motor control, reduce the pencil, can adopt the positive line of power as speed governing line and realize rotational speed regulation, the output of positive line is provided with energy storage capacitor, provide stable driving voltage for the electron in the brushless motor through energy storage capacitor, but the pulse speed governing signal of power positive pole can produce the peak current more than the normal operating current of motor when charging energy storage capacitor, can lead to the increase of instantaneous peak current along with rising edge signal, form serious electromagnetic interference, possibly trigger the short-circuit protection of external circuit even.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor, a control circuit and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, peak current is generated to form serious electromagnetic interference when an energy storage capacitor is charged by a pulse speed-regulating signal of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor, and even the short circuit protection of an external circuit is started.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a two-wire speed regulation dc brushless motor control circuit, comprising: control branch and power branch, wherein:
The input end of the control branch is used for inputting a speed regulating signal, the output end of the control branch is connected with the stator coil of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor, and the control branch is used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulating signal;
The power supply branch circuit includes: the switching circuit is characterized by comprising a switching circuit, a rectifying circuit and an energy storage circuit, wherein the input end of the switching circuit is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, the output end of the switching circuit is connected with the input end of the rectifying circuit, the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the energy storage circuit, and the output end of the energy storage circuit is used for outputting a power supply signal;
The power supply branch further includes: a filter circuit for filtering a signal input to the tank circuit;
The control end of the switching circuit is used for inputting a switching control signal, the switching circuit is used for controlling a signal input to the energy storage circuit according to the switching control signal, the switching control signal is generated according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulating signal, when the speed regulating signal is a rising edge signal, the conduction ratio of the switching control signal is zero, and when the speed regulating signal is a high level signal, the conduction ratio of the switching control signal is gradually increased.
In an embodiment, the time for which the on-ratio of the switch control signal increases from zero to one hundred percent does not exceed a preset percentage value of the period of the speed regulation signal, and the preset percentage value ranges from zero to the duty cycle of the speed regulation signal.
In one embodiment, the control branch comprises: the electronic switch controller is connected in series in the first control circuit, the input end of the electronic switch controller is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, and the output end of the electronic switch controller is connected with the control end of the switch circuit; the electronic switch controller is used for generating the switch control signal according to the rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal.
In an embodiment, the control branch further comprises: the brushless motor control device comprises a first control circuit, wherein a brushless motor main controller is arranged in the first control circuit in series, the input end of the brushless motor main controller is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, the output end of the brushless motor main controller is connected with a stator coil of a two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor, and the brushless motor main controller is used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulation signal.
In one embodiment, the control branch comprises: the brushless motor control device comprises a first control circuit, wherein a brushless motor main controller is arranged in the first control circuit in series, the input end of the brushless motor main controller is used for inputting the speed regulation signal, the first output end of the brushless motor main controller is connected with the control end of the switch circuit, and the brushless motor main controller is used for generating the switch control signal according to the rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal.
In an embodiment, the control branch further comprises: the input end of the second control circuit is connected with the second output end of the brushless motor main controller, the output end of the second control circuit is provided with stator coils of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor, and the brushless motor main controller is further used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulating signal.
In an embodiment, the control branch further comprises: the input end of the signal capturing circuit is used for inputting the speed regulating signal, the output end of the signal capturing circuit is connected with the input end of the brushless motor main controller, and the signal capturing circuit is used for inputting the speed regulating signal to the brushless motor main controller after being regulated.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor, the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor comprising: the motor comprises a wiring terminal, a motor and the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit according to the first aspect and improvement thereof, wherein the input end of the wiring terminal is used for inputting speed-regulating signals, the output end of the wiring terminal is connected with the input end of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit, and the output end of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit is connected with a stator coil of the motor.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control method, which is applied to the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control circuit according to the first aspect and its modifications, the control method comprising:
acquiring a speed regulation signal of the two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor;
Generating a switch control signal according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulating signal, wherein when the speed regulating signal is the rising edge signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is zero, and when the speed regulating signal is a high-level signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is gradually increased; and controlling the control end of the switching circuit according to the switching control signal so as to control the on and off of the switching circuit.
In an embodiment, the time for which the on-ratio of the switch control signal increases from zero to one hundred percent does not exceed a preset percentage value of the period of the speed regulation signal, and the preset percentage value ranges from zero to the duty ratio of the speed regulation signal. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit comprises a control branch and a power supply branch, wherein a filter circuit is connected in series in the power supply branch, a switch circuit is additionally arranged in front of a rectifying circuit in the power supply branch, the switch circuit is controlled to be turned off according to rising edge signals in speed-regulating signals, when the speed-regulating signals are high-level signals, a switch control signal with gradually increased conduction ratio is input to the control end of the switch circuit, the switch circuit is turned on and off through the switch control signal, current chopping is realized, the filter circuit is combined, rapid change of current can be effectively avoided, peak current is restrained, electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the two-wire speed-regulating brushless direct current motor has better electromagnetic compatibility.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor according to a ninth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic pulse diagram of a switching control signal and a speed regulation signal according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
The brushless motor control device comprises a control branch circuit 1, a power supply branch circuit 2, a power supply branch circuit 11, a first control circuit 12, a second control circuit 13, a signal capturing circuit 21, a switching circuit 22, a rectifying circuit 23, a tank circuit 24, a filter circuit 111, an electronic switch controller 121 and a brushless motor main controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "radial," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the following description, for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention, detailed structures and steps are presented in order to illustrate the technical solution presented by the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, however, the present invention may have other embodiments in addition to these detailed descriptions.
Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, including: control branch 1 and power supply branch 2, wherein:
The input end of the control branch 1 is used for inputting a speed regulating signal, the output end of the control branch 1 is connected with a stator coil of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor, and the control branch 1 is used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulating signal;
the power supply branch 2 includes: the switching circuit 21, the rectifying circuit 22 and the energy storage circuit 23, wherein the input end of the switching circuit 21 is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, the output end of the switching circuit 21 is connected with the input end of the rectifying circuit 22, the output end of the rectifying circuit 22 is connected with the input end of the energy storage circuit 23, and the output end of the energy storage circuit 23 is used for outputting a power supply signal;
The power supply branch 2 further comprises: a filter circuit 24, the filter circuit 24 being configured to filter the signal input to the tank circuit 23; the filter circuit 24 has the function of filtering out high frequency voltages or currents, and preferably, the filter circuit 24 can be a single inductor, a pi network or a T network with inductor, or an L network.
The control end of the switch circuit 21 is used for inputting a switch control signal, the switch circuit 21 is used for controlling a signal input to the energy storage circuit 23 according to the switch control signal, the switch control signal is generated according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulating signal, when the speed regulating signal is a rising edge signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is zero, and when the speed regulating signal is a high level signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is gradually increased.
It can be understood that the speed regulating signal is a pulse signal, and is input through two power lines of the two-line speed regulating brushless DC motor, so that the two-line speed regulating brushless DC motor can be powered through the power supply branch 2, and the rotating speed of the two-line speed regulating brushless DC motor can be regulated through the control branch 1, and in general, the larger the duty ratio in the pulse signal is, the faster the rotating speed of the motor is, and conversely, the slower the rotating speed of the motor is; but a specific rotation speed profile may also be set to map between the duty cycle and the target rotation speed.
A processor can be arranged in the control branch 1, the processor adjusts the rotating speed of the two-wire speed-adjusting direct current brushless motor according to the speed-adjusting signal, and the processor can adopt a singlechip, a DSP or a programmable controller.
It can be understood that any electronic switch can be set in the switch circuit 21, a relay can be set to turn off according to a rising edge signal of a speed regulation signal, a switching tube can be set to turn off according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal, an optocoupler can be set to turn off according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal, a load switch or a high-side switch can be set to turn off according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal, and the electronic switch can be a normally open electronic switch; the electronic switch can be a normally closed electronic switch, and can be either a high-level closed electronic switch or a low-level closed electronic switch.
The control branch 1 can be used for generating a switch control signal according to a speed regulation signal, or a special electronic switch controller can be arranged for generating the switch control signal according to the speed regulation signal.
The switch control signal comprises a turn-off control signal capable of turning off the electronic switch and a turn-on control signal capable of turning on the electronic switch, wherein the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal refers to the ratio of one period in the turn-on control signal to one period in the switch control signal of the electronic switch, if the electronic switch is a high-level closed electronic switch, the turn-on control signal in the switch control signal is a high-level signal, and the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal is the ratio of one period in the high-level signal to one period in the switch control signal, namely the duty ratio of the switch control signal; if the electronic switch is a low-level closed electronic switch, the conduction control signal in the switch control signal is a low-level signal, and the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is the ratio of the low-level signal to one period in the switch control signal, namely the duty ratio of the switch control signal.
The gradual increase of the conduction ratio means that the ratio of the conduction control signal to the whole switch control signal is increased according to a preset speed until the conduction ratio is hundred percent, namely the switch control signal is the conduction signal of the electronic switch. It will be appreciated that the time the turn-on ratio increases from zero to one hundred percent should be less than the duty cycle of the governor signal and the frequency of the switch control signal should be much greater than the frequency of the governor signal, preferably the time the turn-on ratio increases from zero to one hundred percent is less than one fifth of the duty cycle of the governor signal and the frequency of the switch control signal is ten times the frequency of the governor signal.
It is understood that the filter circuit 24 in this embodiment may be disposed at any position in front of the tank circuit 23 in the power supply branch, the filter circuit 24 may be disposed at the front end of the switch circuit 21, the filter circuit 24 may be disposed between the switch circuit 21 and the rectifying circuit 22, and the filter circuit 24 may be disposed between the rectifying circuit 22 and the tank circuit 23.
The working process of the two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor control circuit is as follows: when a speed regulating signal is input to the input end of the power supply branch 2 and the input end of the control branch 1, the control branch 1 regulates the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor through the speed regulating signal, when the speed regulating signal is a rising edge signal, the switch control signal controls the switch circuit 21 to be turned off, then the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is gradually increased until the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is hundred percent, the speed regulating signal flows to the energy storage circuit 23 after being rectified by the rectification circuit 22, and the energy storage circuit 23 supplies power to the motor.
The two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit of the embodiment comprises a control branch 1 and a power supply branch 2, wherein a filter circuit 24 is connected in series in the power supply branch 2, a switch circuit 21 is additionally arranged in front of a rectifying circuit 22 in the power supply branch 2, the switch circuit 21 is controlled to be turned off according to rising edge signals in speed-regulating signals, when the speed-regulating signals are high-level signals, a switch control signal with gradually increased conduction ratio is input to the control end of the switch circuit 21, the switch circuit 21 is turned on and off through the switch control signal, current chopping is realized, and the filter circuit 24 is combined, so that rapid change of current can be effectively avoided, peak current is restrained, electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the two-wire speed-regulating brushless direct current motor has better electromagnetic compatibility.
In the second embodiment, the time for increasing the conduction ratio of the switch control signal from zero to one hundred percent does not exceed the preset percentage value of the period of the speed regulation signal, and the preset percentage value ranges from zero to the duty ratio of the speed regulation signal.
The preset percentage value can be set according to practical situations, and it is understood that the preset percentage value ranges from zero to the duty ratio of the speed regulating signal, but does not include zero and does not include the duty ratio of the speed regulating signal, the time for increasing the conduction ratio of the switch control signal from zero to one hundred percent is smaller than the duty ratio of the period of the speed regulating signal, preferably, the time for increasing the conduction ratio of the switch control signal from zero to one hundred percent is not more than one fifth of the period of the speed regulating signal, and the frequency of the switch control signal is ten times or more than ten times of the frequency of the speed regulating signal.
According to the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit, the frequency of the switch control signal is high, the time for increasing the conduction ratio of the switch control signal from zero to one hundred percent is smaller than the duty ratio of the speed-regulating signal, so that the brushless motor can inhibit peak current, normal power supply of the brushless motor is not influenced, and the stability and reliability of the circuit are guaranteed.
In the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a schematic block structure diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, and the control branch 1 includes: the first control circuit 11, the first control circuit 11 is connected with an electronic switch controller 111 in series, the input end of the electronic switch controller 111 is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, and the output end of the electronic switch controller 111 is connected with the control end of the switch circuit 21; the electronic switch controller 111 is configured to generate the switch control signal according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal.
The working process of the two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor control circuit is as follows: the speed regulation signal is input to the electronic switch controller 111, when the electronic switch controller 111 detects that the speed regulation signal is a rising edge signal, the switch control signal generated by the electronic switch controller 111 controls the switch circuit 21 to be turned off, then the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is gradually increased until the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is hundred percent, the speed regulation signal flows to the energy storage circuit 23 after being rectified by the rectification circuit 22, and the energy storage circuit 23 supplies power to the motor.
In the two-wire speed regulation brushless direct current motor control circuit of the embodiment, the electronic switch controller 111 is utilized to generate a switch control signal to control the switch circuit 21, so that the control precision is improved, and the control is more accurate.
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic block structure diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, and based on the third embodiment, the control branch 1 further includes: the second control circuit 12, the brushless motor main controller 121 is serially arranged in the second control circuit 12, the input end of the brushless motor main controller 121 is used for inputting the speed regulating signal, the output end of the brushless motor main controller 121 is connected with the stator coil of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor, and the brushless motor main controller 121 is used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulating signal.
It is understood that the brushless motor main controller 121 may be any type of processor, preferably, the brushless motor main controller 121 is SG1525, and a filter may be disposed at the front end of the brushless motor main controller 121 for filtering.
The working process of the two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor control circuit is as follows: the speed regulation signal is filtered by the filter and then flows into the brushless motor main controller 121, the brushless motor main controller 121 adjusts the voltage applied to the motor winding according to the duty ratio in the speed regulation signal, the voltage changes the motor current, and the rotating speed changes according to the current.
The two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor control circuit of the embodiment utilizes the brushless motor main controller 121 to control the operation of the motor, protects the safety of the motor and improves the stability and reliability of the motor.
In a fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, and the control branch 1 includes: the first control circuit 11, the first control circuit 11 is serially provided with a brushless motor main controller 121, an input end of the brushless motor main controller 121 is used for inputting the speed regulation signal, a first output end of the brushless motor main controller 121 is connected with a control end of the switch circuit 21, and the brushless motor main controller 121 is used for generating a switch control signal according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal.
The working process of the two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor control circuit is as follows: the speed regulation signal is input to the brushless motor main controller 121, the brushless motor main controller 121 generates a switch control signal according to a rising edge signal in the speed regulation signal to control the switch circuit 21 to be turned off, then the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is gradually increased until the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is hundred percent, the speed regulation signal flows to the energy storage circuit 23 after being rectified by the rectification circuit 22, and the energy storage circuit 23 supplies power to the motor.
In the two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor control circuit of the embodiment, the switch circuit 21 is controlled by the brushless motor main controller 121, so that the circuit structure is simpler, and the cost is greatly reduced.
In a sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, and based on the fourth embodiment, the control branch 1 further includes: the input end of the second control circuit 12 is connected with the second output end of the brushless motor main controller 121, the output end of the second control circuit 12 is connected with the stator coil of the two-wire speed-regulating brushless DC motor, and the brushless motor main controller 121 is also used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed-regulating brushless DC motor according to the speed regulating signal.
The second control circuit 12 may have only a wire, or components may be disposed in the second control circuit 12 to protect a subsequent circuit, where the second control circuit is shown as a wire.
The working process and effect of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, please refer to the description of the fourth embodiment, and the description is omitted again.
In a seventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, and the control branch 1 further includes, based on the fourth embodiment or the sixth embodiment: the input end of the signal capturing circuit 13 is used for inputting the speed regulating signal, the output end of the signal capturing circuit 13 is connected with the input end of the brushless motor main controller 121, and the signal capturing circuit 13 is used for inputting the speed regulating signal to the brushless motor main controller 121 after adjusting the speed regulating signal.
While the present embodiment is shown as being implemented on the basis of the sixth embodiment, the present embodiment may be implemented on the basis of the fourth embodiment, and it is understood that the signal capturing circuit 13 is provided at the front end of the brushless motor main controller 121 on the basis of any of the embodiments.
The signal capturing circuit 13 in this embodiment may be an analog-to-digital converter, which converts the speed regulation signal into a digital signal and inputs the digital signal to the brushless motor main controller 121, and the signal capturing circuit 13 may also be a level converter, which converts the speed regulation signal into a voltage suitable for the wireless motor main control and inputs the voltage to the wireless motor main control.
The working process of the two-wire speed-regulating DC brushless motor control circuit is as follows: on the basis of the fourth embodiment, the signal capturing circuit 13 needs to input the duty ratio of the speed regulation signal to the brushless motor main controller 121; on the basis of the sixth embodiment, the signal capturing circuit 13 needs to input both the duty ratio of the speed regulation signal and the rising edge signal to the brushless motor main controller 121.
In this way, the main control chip can control the running state of the motor more accurately, and the signal capturing circuit 13 can also realize the closed-loop control of the motor control system, thereby improving the dynamic response and stability of the system.
In an eighth embodiment, a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor is provided, the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor includes a terminal, a motor, and the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control circuit of any of the above embodiments, an input end of the terminal is used for inputting a speed-regulating signal, an output end of the terminal is connected to an input end of the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control circuit, and an output end of the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control circuit is connected to a stator coil of the motor.
In a ninth embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a flow chart of a two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control method is provided, and the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control method is applied to any of the above embodiments except the eighth embodiment, and the control method includes:
Step S1: acquiring a speed regulation signal of the two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor;
It can be understood that the speed regulating signal is a pulse signal, the motor in this embodiment is a two-wire motor, the speed regulating signal is input through the positive pole of the power line and the negative pole of the power line, and preferably, the time base circuit LM555 can be utilized to generate the pulse signal.
Step S2: generating a switch control signal according to the rising edge signal of the speed regulating signal, wherein when the speed regulating signal is the rising edge signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is zero, and when the speed regulating signal is a high-level signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is gradually increased;
The control branch 1 may be used to generate a switching control signal according to a speed regulation signal, or a special electronic switching controller 111 may be provided to generate a switching control signal according to a speed regulation signal.
The time for which the on-ratio of the switch control signal increases from zero to one hundred percent may be set according to specific practices, and it is understood that this time should be less than the pulse width of the high pulse of the governor signal, i.e., less than the duty cycle of the governor signal.
Step S3: the control end of the switch circuit is controlled according to the switch control signal so as to control the on and off of the switch circuit.
The control branch 1 or the electronic controller is used for outputting a switch control signal, the switch circuit 21 is turned off, the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is gradually increased until the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is hundred percent, and the speed regulating signal supplies power for the motor.
In this embodiment, according to the rising edge of the speed regulation signal, the switch control signal is generated, the switch circuit 21 is controlled to be turned off by the switch control signal, when the speed regulation signal is a high level signal, the switch control signal with gradually increased conduction ratio is input to the control end of the switch circuit 21, the switch circuit 21 is turned on and off by the switch control signal, so as to realize current chopping, and therefore, the rapid change of current can be prevented, peak current is suppressed, electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the two-wire speed regulation brushless direct current motor has better electromagnetic compatibility.
In the tenth embodiment, the time for which the on-ratio of the switching signal increases from zero to one hundred percent does not exceed the preset percentage value of the speed regulation signal, and the preset percentage value ranges from zero to the duty ratio of the speed regulation signal.
The switching circuit 21 is any kind of electronic switch,
The switch control signal comprises a turn-off control signal capable of turning off the electronic switch and a turn-on control signal capable of turning on the electronic switch, wherein the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal refers to the ratio of one period in the turn-on control signal to one period in the switch control signal of the electronic switch, if the electronic switch is a high-level closed electronic switch, the turn-on control signal in the switch control signal is a high-level signal, and the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal is the ratio of one period in the high-level signal to one period in the switch control signal, namely the duty ratio of the switch control signal; if the electronic switch is a low-level closed electronic switch, the conduction control signal in the switch control signal is a low-level signal, and the conduction ratio in the switch control signal is the ratio of the low-level signal to one period in the switch control signal, namely the duty ratio of the switch control signal.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a pulse schematic diagram of a switch control signal and a pulse schematic diagram of a speed regulation signal is provided, the pulse schematic diagram of the speed regulation signal is provided above, the pulse schematic diagram of the switch control signal is provided below, the switch circuit 21 of the embodiment is turned on by a high level signal, the low level signal is turned off, when the speed regulation signal is detected as a rising edge signal, the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal is zero, the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal is low level signal, then the turn-on ratio in the switch control signal is gradually increased until the turn-on ratio in the switch control signal is one hundred percent, the time from zero to one hundred percent of the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal is not more than a preset percentage value of the speed regulation signal, preferably, the time from zero to one hundred percent of the turn-on ratio of the switch control signal is not more than one fifth of the period of the speed regulation signal, and the frequency of the switch control signal is ten times or more than the frequency of the speed regulation signal.
If the switching circuit 21 is turned on by the low level signal and turned off by the high level signal, when the speed regulation signal is detected as the rising edge signal, the electronic switch control signal is turned on by the high level signal, and then the on ratio in the switch control signal is gradually increased until the on ratio in the switch control signal is hundred percent, the time for increasing the on ratio of the switch control signal from zero to one hundred percent does not exceed the preset percentage value of the speed regulation signal, preferably, the time for increasing the on ratio of the switch control signal from zero to one hundred percent does not exceed one fifth of the period of the speed regulation signal, and the frequency of the switch control signal is ten times or more than ten times the frequency of the speed regulation signal.
In this embodiment, the time that the on ratio of the switch control signal increases from zero to one hundred percent is smaller than the duty ratio of the speed regulation signal, so that the brushless motor can not only inhibit peak current, but also not affect the normal power supply of the brushless motor, and the stability and reliability of the circuit are ensured.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A two-wire speed governing direct current brushless motor control circuit, characterized by comprising: control branch and power branch, wherein:
The input end of the control branch is used for inputting a speed regulating signal, the output end of the control branch is connected with the stator coil of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor, and the control branch is used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulating direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulating signal;
The power supply branch circuit includes: the switching circuit is characterized by comprising a switching circuit, a rectifying circuit and an energy storage circuit, wherein the input end of the switching circuit is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, the output end of the switching circuit is connected with the input end of the rectifying circuit, the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the energy storage circuit, and the output end of the energy storage circuit is used for outputting a power supply signal;
The power supply branch further includes: a filter circuit for filtering a signal input to the tank circuit;
The control end of the switching circuit is used for inputting a switching control signal, the switching circuit is used for controlling a signal input to the energy storage circuit according to the switching control signal, the switching control signal is generated according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulating signal, when the speed regulating signal is a rising edge signal, the conduction ratio of the switching control signal is zero, and when the speed regulating signal is a high level signal, the conduction ratio of the switching control signal is gradually increased.
2. The two-wire dc brushless motor control circuit of claim 1, wherein a time period during which the on-ratio of the switching control signal increases from zero to one hundred percent is not more than a preset percentage value of a period of the speed regulating signal, the preset percentage value ranging from zero to a duty cycle of the speed regulating signal.
3. The two-wire speed governing dc brushless motor control circuit of claim 1, wherein the control branch comprises: the electronic switch controller is connected in series in the first control circuit, the input end of the electronic switch controller is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, and the output end of the electronic switch controller is connected with the control end of the switch circuit; the electronic switch controller is used for generating the switch control signal according to the rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal.
4. The two wire speed regulated dc brushless motor control circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein said control branch further comprises: the brushless motor control device comprises a first control circuit, wherein a brushless motor main controller is arranged in the first control circuit in series, the input end of the brushless motor main controller is used for inputting a speed regulation signal, the output end of the brushless motor main controller is connected with a stator coil of a two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor, and the brushless motor main controller is used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulation signal.
5. The two-wire speed governing dc brushless motor control circuit of claim 1, wherein the control branch comprises: the brushless motor control device comprises a first control circuit, wherein a brushless motor main controller is arranged in the first control circuit in series, the input end of the brushless motor main controller is used for inputting the speed regulation signal, the first output end of the brushless motor main controller is connected with the control end of the switch circuit, and the brushless motor main controller is used for generating the switch control signal according to the rising edge signal of the speed regulation signal.
6. The two wire speed regulated dc brushless motor control circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein said control branch further comprises: the input end of the second control circuit is connected with the second output end of the brushless motor main controller, the output end of the second control circuit is connected with the stator coil of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor, and the brushless motor main controller is further used for regulating the rotating speed of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor according to the speed regulating signal.
7. The two wire speed regulated dc brushless motor control circuit as claimed in claim 4 or 6, wherein said control branch further comprises: the input end of the signal capturing circuit is used for inputting the speed regulating signal, the output end of the signal capturing circuit is connected with the input end of the brushless motor main controller, and the signal capturing circuit is used for inputting the speed regulating signal to the brushless motor main controller after being regulated.
8. A two-wire speed regulated dc brushless motor comprising: the motor comprises a wiring terminal, a motor and the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the input end of the wiring terminal is used for inputting speed-regulating signals, the output end of the wiring terminal is connected with the input end of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit, and the output end of the two-wire speed-regulating direct current brushless motor control circuit is connected with a stator coil of the motor.
9. A two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control method, wherein the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control method is applied to the two-wire speed-regulating dc brushless motor control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the control method comprising:
acquiring a speed regulation signal of the two-wire speed regulation direct current brushless motor;
generating a switch control signal according to a rising edge signal of the speed regulating signal, wherein when the speed regulating signal is the rising edge signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is zero, and when the speed regulating signal is a high-level signal, the conduction ratio of the switch control signal is gradually increased;
and controlling the control end of the switching circuit according to the switching control signal so as to control the on and off of the switching circuit.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the on-ratio of the switch control signal increases from zero to one hundred percent no more than a preset percentage value of the period of the governor signal, the preset percentage value ranging from zero to the duty cycle of the governor signal.
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