CN117660090A - Lubricating oil for speed changer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lubricating oil for speed changer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117660090A CN117660090A CN202311601053.4A CN202311601053A CN117660090A CN 117660090 A CN117660090 A CN 117660090A CN 202311601053 A CN202311601053 A CN 202311601053A CN 117660090 A CN117660090 A CN 117660090A
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- -1 phosphate anion Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical group [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OSPSWZSRKYCQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCO[P+](=O)OCCCC OSPSWZSRKYCQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QDCPNGVVOWVKJG-VAWYXSNFSA-N 2-[(e)-dodec-1-enyl]butanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O QDCPNGVVOWVKJG-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical class CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229940035422 diphenylamine Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Chemical class C1=C(C)C=CC2=NNN=C21 LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-thiadiazole Chemical group C1=CSN=N1 UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- UZEFVQBWJSFOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical group CCCCOP(O)OCCCC UZEFVQBWJSFOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BZWGENDDUSTHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphorous acid Chemical compound [Fe].P(O)(O)O BZWGENDDUSTHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses lubricating oil for a speed changer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lubricating oil for the speed changer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: extreme pressure agent 0.6-1%, detergent 0.3-0.5%, dispersant 6-8%, antioxidant 0.5-0.6%, antirust agent0.1 to 0.2 percent of metal passivating agent 0.01 to 0.06 percent, finger sticking agent 2 to 5 percent and the balance of base oil; wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component a comprising a quaternary phosphonium cation a and a phosphate anion b, the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b having the structures shown below:
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, in particular to lubricating oil for a transmission and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the related art, the development of global new energy automobiles mainly comprises pure electric automobiles and hybrid electric automobiles. Additives to conventional transmission lubricants may damage the drive train of an electric vehicle, such as a certain amount of chemically active sulfur may corrode exposed copper or copper alloy parts and precision electrical circuits of motors and the like. The protection of the lubricating oil on the shaft teeth is usually achieved through extreme pressure agents, extreme pressure refers to the bearing capacity of the lubricating oil under heavy load and boundary lubrication, the thickness of an oil film between metal surfaces is gradually reduced along with the increase of the load, when the load is increased to a certain extent, the lubricating oil film is damaged by peaks of the metal surfaces, and partial direct contact occurs between the metal surfaces. Such severe boundary lubrication is commonly referred to as extreme pressure lubrication and such additives are referred to as extreme pressure additives, where the application of the sulfur-based extreme pressure agents is wide, but the corrosion to metals, especially copper, is relatively strong. In a heavy-duty electric drive system, more extreme pressure agents are needed for lubricating oil to protect gears, but with the increase of traditional sulfur and phosphorus extreme pressure agents, bare copper in a motor winding can be corroded, so that motor faults are caused. Thus, there is an urgent need for a low activity sulfur lubricant to protect heavy duty truck gears while avoiding corrosion of bare copper in oil cooled motor windings.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil for a transmission, which has good lubricating performance and high safety.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a lubricant for a transmission.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the invention provides lubricating oil for a transmission, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6 to 1 percent of extreme pressure agent, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of detergent, 6 to 8 percent of dispersant, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of antioxidant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of antirust agent, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of metal passivating agent, 2 to 5 percent of finger sticking agent and the balance of base oil;
wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component a comprising a quaternary phosphonium cation a and a phosphate anion b, the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b having the structures shown below:
in the formula a, n=8 to 16 and n is an integer.
According to the lubricating oil for the speed changer, the component A of the extreme pressure agent comprises quaternary phosphonium cation a and phosphate anion b, the phosphate anion b is easy to lose alkyl, phosphate after losing alkyl can react with metal or metal friction scraps to form a phosphate friction film on the surface of the metal, and the phosphate friction film prevents surface roughness points from being in direct contact with the speed changer, so that the lubricating oil has antifriction and antiwear effects, has the performance of passivating metal activity, and improves the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil. Thereby greatly improving the protection effect of the lubricating oil on the copper wire in the electric drive system. The quaternary phosphonium cations a include alkyl groups with side chains which increase the compatibility between the components in the lubricating oil. In particular, the oil solubility of the auxiliary in the lubricating oil may be enhanced. Typically the alkyl chain is greater than 6 to 8 carbon atoms in length. Thus, the lubricating oil for the transmission provided by the embodiment of the invention can balance the bearing capacity and the bare copper corrosion protection performance, has good material compatibility, and solves the problems of strong bare copper corrosion and poor material compatibility caused by high bearing of the traditional lubricating oil.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: extreme pressure agent 0.8%, detergent 0.3%, dispersant 6%, antioxidant 0.5%, rust inhibitor 0.1%, metal passivator 0.04%, finger sticking agent 3.5% and base oil 88.76%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the molar ratio of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b is 1:1.
according to some embodiments of the invention, the quaternary phosphonium cation a comprises an alkyl group having a side chain.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing the extreme pressure agent comprises the steps of: uniformly dispersing 30-40 parts by weight of the component A into 40-50 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40 min, stirring at 30-40 ℃, adding 10-30 parts by weight of di-n-butyl phosphite, stirring for 30-40 min, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant to obtain the extreme pressure agent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the base oil comprises at least one of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil; and/or
The finger sticking agent comprises at least one of polymethacrylate, dispersed polymethacrylate, styrene-diene copolymer and styrene-isoprene copolymer; and/or
The detergent is sulfonate and/or phenolate; and/or
The dispersing agent is monobutyldiimide and/or boronized succinimide.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the antioxidant comprises at least one of an amine antioxidant and a phenolic antioxidant.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the rust inhibitor comprises at least one of a metal sulfonate, an alkylamine, dodecenyl succinic acid, N3-bis (benzotriazol methylene) laurylamine.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the metal deactivator comprises at least one of a tolutriazole derivative and a thiadiazole derivative.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lubricating oil for a transmission according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, including the steps of: heating the base oil to 40-50 ℃ according to the mass percentage, adding the finger sticking agent, the detergent, the dispersing agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent, the metal passivating agent and the extreme pressure agent into the base oil under the continuous stirring state, stirring for 20-40 min, cooling to 25-35 ℃ after stirring for 20-40 min, continuing stirring for 20-40 min, and filtering to obtain the lubricating oil for the speed changer.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, which are exemplary, and lubricating oils for transmissions according to specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The lubricating oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6 to 1 percent of extreme pressure agent, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of detergent, 6 to 8 percent of dispersant, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of antioxidant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of antirust agent, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of metal passivating agent, 2 to 5 percent of finger sticking agent and the balance of base oil. Thus, the lubricating oil for a transmission of the present invention comprises a suitable weight portion of base oil and additives such as an extreme pressure agent, a detergent, a dispersant, etc., and can ensure the lubricating and protecting functions of the lubricating oil. For example, the lubricating oil may protect heavy duty truck gears while avoiding corrosion of bare copper in the oil-cooled motor windings.
Wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A comprising a quaternary phosphonium cation a and a phosphate anion b, the structure of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b being as follows:
in the formula a, n=8 to 16 and n is an integer. The lubricating oil is low-activity sulfur lubricating oil, can be used for protecting heavy-duty truck gears, and can avoid corrosion of bare copper in oil-cooled motor windings. Specifically, the quaternary phosphonium cation a, the phosphate anion b and the di-n-butyl phosphate in the extreme pressure agent component A have excellent synergistic effect, so that the fluidity, the antiwear property, the stability and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil can be further improved. Further, the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b in the component A of the extreme pressure agent have the property of passivating the metal activity, the component A is not easy to form a friction film at low temperature under boundary lubrication, and the friction film generated at high temperature has a layered structure and can provide low shear strength, so that lower friction is generated. The di-n-butyl phosphate in the extreme pressure agent has poor thermal stability and high activity, and is easy to cause corrosion and abrasion; but the friction film formed by the di-n-butyl phosphite in a low temperature state has good bearing capacity and wear resistance, and the component A and the di-n-butyl phosphite form synergistic and complementary effects at high and low temperatures, so that the wear resistance and extreme pressure property can be further improved, and the corrosion resistance is further improved.
According to the lubricating oil for the speed changer, the component A of the extreme pressure agent comprises quaternary phosphonium cation a and phosphate anion b, the phosphate anion b is easy to lose alkyl, phosphate after losing alkyl can react with metal or metal friction scraps to form a phosphate friction film on the surface of the metal, and the phosphate friction film prevents surface roughness points from being in direct contact with the speed changer, so that the lubricating oil has antifriction and antiwear effects, has the performance of passivating metal activity, and improves the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil. Thereby greatly improving the protection effect of the lubricating oil on the copper wire in the electric drive system. The quaternary phosphonium cations a include alkyl groups with side chains which increase the compatibility between the components in the lubricating oil. In particular, the oil solubility of the auxiliary in the lubricating oil may be enhanced. Typically the alkyl chain is greater than 6 to 8 carbon atoms in length. Thus, the lubricating oil for the transmission provided by the embodiment of the invention can balance bearing capacity and bare copper corrosion protection, has good material compatibility, and solves the problems of strong bare copper corrosion and poor material compatibility caused by high bearing capacity of the traditional lubricating oil.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: extreme pressure agent 0.8%, detergent 0.3%, dispersant 6%, antioxidant 0.5%, rust inhibitor 01%, metal passivator 0.04%, finger sticking agent 3.5% and base oil 88.76%. The addition ratio of the base oil of the lubricating oil and each additive is more suitable, and the lubricating oil performance is more excellent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the molar ratio of quaternary phosphonium cations a and phosphate anions b is 1:1. by arranging the quaternary phosphonium cations a and the phosphate anions in this way, the effect of balancing the anions and cations of the system can be achieved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the quaternary phosphonium cation a comprises an alkyl group having a side chain. So arranged, alkyl groups with side chains are more advantageous for improving compatibility between the components of the lubricating oil.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing an extreme pressure agent comprises the steps of: uniformly dispersing 30-40 parts by weight of component A into 40-50 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40 min, adding 10-30 parts by weight of di-n-butyl phosphite under the stirring condition of 30-40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30-40 min, and centrifuging to obtain supernatant to obtain the extreme pressure agent. The extreme pressure agent is fully mixed with the components, so that the lubricating oil has the advantages of improving the lubricating property, corrosion resistance and the like.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the base oil comprises at least one of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. I.e., base oils, typically highly refined mineral oils, synthetic oils, or mineral oil synthetic oils, according to embodiments of the present invention. Mineral oil is generally three types of base oil produced by subjecting paraffin-based crude oil, intermediate-based crude oil or naphthenic base crude oil to atmospheric and vacuum distillation and then further subjecting to high hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, or GTL (gas to liquid) produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of natural gas and CTL (gas to liquid) produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of coal gas; the synthetic oil is usually a poly-alpha-olefin, a polyvinyl ether, a saturated polyol, etc., and one kind of the synthetic oil may be used or two or more kinds of the synthetic oils may be used in combination. The base oil has wide source and low cost.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the finger-sticking agent comprises at least one of polymethacrylate, dispersed polymethacrylate, styrene-diene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the detergent is a sulfonate and/or a phenate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the dispersant is monobutyldiimide and/or boronated succinimide.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the antioxidant comprises at least one of an amine antioxidant and a phenolic antioxidant. Wherein the amine antioxidant comprises at least one of mono octyl diphenyl amine, 4-dibutyl diphenyl amine, 4-diamyl diphenyl amine, 4-diheptyl diphenyl amine, tetrabutyl diphenyl amine, tetraoctyl diphenyl amine, alpha-naphthyl amine and phenyl-alpha-naphthyl amine.
Wherein the phenolic antioxidant comprises at least one of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol and 4, 4-methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol).
According to some embodiments of the invention, the rust inhibitor comprises at least one of a metal sulfonate, an alkylamine, dodecenyl succinic acid, N3-bis (benzotriazol methylene) laurylamine. By the arrangement, the lubricating oil additive can better form an adsorption film on the surface of the metal, inhibit the contact between the metal and water and oxygen, reduce the rust of the metal and further improve the rust resistance of the lubricating oil additive.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the metal deactivator comprises at least one of a tolutriazole derivative and a thiadiazole derivative. The obtained lubricating oil additive can better form a chemical protective film on the surface of metal to prevent the metal from becoming ions, so that the metal ions can be prevented from catalyzing and oxidizing the oil, the service life of the lubricating oil additive is prolonged, and the formed chemical protective film can also prevent sulfur and organic acid from corroding the metal and improve the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil additive.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a lubricating oil for a transmission, comprising the steps of: heating the base oil to 40-50 ℃ according to the mass percentage, adding the finger sticking agent, the detergent, the dispersing agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent, the metal passivating agent and the extreme pressure agent into the base oil under the continuous stirring state, stirring for 20-40 min, cooling to 25-35 ℃ after stirring for 20-40 min, continuing stirring for 20-40 min, and filtering to obtain the lubricating oil for the speed changer.
According to the preparation method of the lubricating oil for the speed changer, various additives such as a finger sticking agent, a detergent, a dispersing agent, an antioxidant, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, an extreme pressure agent and the like are added to base oil at a proper temperature, and the lubricating oil for the speed changer is obtained after being fully mixed.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
It should be noted that the raw materials according to the embodiments of the present invention are commercially available products unless specifically stated otherwise. The source of the extreme pressure agent component A is not particularly limited, and it can be obtained by commercially available methods or by methods well known to those skilled in the art (Christine J. Bradaric, andrew Down, christine Kennedy, et al Industrial preparation of phosphonium ionic liquids [ J ]. Green Chemistry,2003,5 (2): 143-152).
Example 1
The transmission oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88.975 parts of base oil, 3.5 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.3 part of detergent, 6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of antirust agent, 0.025 part of metal passivating agent and 0.6 part of extreme pressure agent; wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A, the component A comprises quaternary phosphonium cation a and phosphate anion b in equimolar ratio, and the structures of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b are shown as follows:
in formula a, n=10, and the alkyl group has a side chain.
The preparation method of the extreme pressure agent comprises the following steps:
uniformly dispersing 30 parts by weight of component A into 40 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, adding 10 parts by weight of di-n-butyl phosphite in the stirring process at 30 ℃, stirring for 30min, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant to obtain an extreme pressure agent;
wherein the base oil is III+ base oil, and the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ is 6.5-8.5cst; the finger sticking agent is polymethacrylate; the dispersing agent is boronized succinimide; the detergent is calcium sulfonate; the antioxidant is a mixture of tetrabutyl diphenyl amine and 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol in a weight ratio of 1:1; the rust inhibitor is dodecenyl succinic acid; the metal passivating agent is a thiadiazole derivative;
the preparation method of the lubricating oil for the speed changer comprises the following steps: 89 parts of base oil is heated to 40 ℃ according to parts by weight, 3.5 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.3 part of detergent, 6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of antirust agent, 0.025 part of metal passivating agent and 0.6 part of extreme pressure agent are added into the base oil under the continuous stirring state, the base oil is stirred for 30min, then cooled to 25 ℃, the stirring is continued for 30min, and the lubricating oil for the speed changer is obtained after filtering and split charging.
Example 2
The transmission oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88.76 parts of base oil, 3.5 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.3 part of detergent, 6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of antirust agent, 0.04 part of metal passivating agent and 0.8 part of extreme pressure agent;
wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A, the component A comprises quaternary phosphonium cation a and phosphate anion b in equimolar ratio, and the structures of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b are shown as follows:
in formula a, n=10, and the alkyl group has a side chain.
Wherein the base oil and various additives are substantially the same as in example 1;
the preparation method of the extreme pressure agent is basically the same as that of the example 1;
the method for producing the lubricating oil for a transmission was substantially the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The transmission oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88.54 parts of base oil, 3.5 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.3 part of detergent, 6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of antirust agent, 0.06 part of metal passivating agent and 1 part of extreme pressure agent;
wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A, the component A comprises quaternary phosphonium cation a and phosphate anion b in equimolar ratio, and the structures of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b are shown as follows:
in formula a, n=10, and the alkyl group has a side chain.
Wherein the base oil and various additives are substantially the same as in example 1;
the preparation method of the extreme pressure agent is basically the same as that of the example 1;
the method for producing the lubricating oil for a transmission was substantially the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The transmission oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88.76 parts of base oil, 3.5 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.3 part of detergent, 6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of antirust agent, 0.04 part of metal passivating agent and 0.8 part of extreme pressure agent; wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A, the component A comprises quaternary phosphonium cation a and phosphate anion b in equimolar ratio, and the structures of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b are shown as follows:
in formula a, n=10, and the alkyl group has a side chain.
Wherein the base oil and various additives are substantially the same as in example 1;
the preparation method of the extreme pressure agent is basically the same as that of the example 1;
the method for producing the lubricating oil for a transmission was substantially the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The transmission oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88.01 parts of base oil, 2 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.5 part of detergent, 8 parts of dispersing agent, 0.6 part of antioxidant, 0.2 part of antirust agent, 0.03 part of metal passivating agent and 0.66 part of extreme pressure agent;
wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A comprising a quaternary phosphonium cation a and a phosphate anion b, the structure of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b being as follows:
n=8 in formula a.
The preparation method of the extreme pressure agent comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing 40 parts by weight of component A into 50 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min, adding 30 parts by weight of di-n-butyl phosphite under the stirring condition of 40 ℃, continuously stirring for 40min, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant to obtain the extreme pressure agent.
Wherein the base oil is group II, group III or a mixture of the two, and has a viscosity of 6.5cSt-8.5cSt at 100deg.C; the finger sticking agent comprises a styrene-diene copolymer and a styrene-isoprene copolymer which are in poly (equal parts by weight); the detergent is calcium phenate; the dispersing agent is boronized succinimide; the antioxidant comprises 4, 4-dibutyl diphenyl amine and 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol in equal parts by weight; the antirust agent comprises dodecenyl succinic acid and N, N3-bis (benzotriazol methylene) laurylamine in equal parts by weight; the metal deactivator is a tolutriazole derivative.
The preparation method of the lubricating oil for the speed changer comprises the following steps: heating the base oil to 50 ℃ according to the mass percentage, adding the finger sticking agent, the detergent, the dispersing agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent, the metal passivating agent and the extreme pressure agent into the base oil under the continuous stirring state, stirring for 40min, cooling to 35 ℃, continuously stirring for 40min, filtering and packaging to obtain the lubricating oil for the speed changer.
Example 6
The transmission oil for the transmission comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 86.29 parts of base oil, 5 parts of finger sticking agent, 0.4 part of detergent, 7 parts of dispersing agent, 0.55 part of antioxidant, 0.15 part of antirust agent, 0.01 part of metal passivating agent and 0.6 part of extreme pressure agent;
wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component A comprising a quaternary phosphonium cation a and a phosphate anion b, the structure of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b being as follows:
n=16 in formula a.
The preparation method of the extreme pressure agent comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing 35 parts by weight of component A into 45 parts of pentaerythritol, then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 35 minutes, adding 20 parts of di-n-butyl phosphite under the stirring condition of 35 ℃, continuously stirring for 35 minutes, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant to obtain the extreme pressure agent.
Wherein the base oil is group II, group III or a mixture of the two, and has a viscosity of 6.5cSt-8.5cSt at 100deg.C; the finger sticking agent comprises polymethacrylate and dispersed polymethacrylate in equal parts by weight; the detergent is composed of equal parts by weight of calcium sulfonate and calcium phenolate; the dispersing agent is monobutyldiimide and boronized succinimide with equal weight parts; antioxidant package, 4-diheptyl diphenyl amine and 4, 4-methylene bis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol) in equal weight portions; the rust inhibitor comprises alkylamine, dodecenyl succinic acid and N, N3-bis (benzotriazol methylene) laurylamine in equal parts by weight; the metal deactivator comprises an equivalent weight portion of a tolutriazole derivative and a thiadiazole derivative.
The preparation method of the lubricating oil for the speed changer comprises the following steps: heating the base oil to 45 ℃ according to the mass percentage, adding the finger sticking agent, the detergent, the dispersing agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent, the metal passivating agent and the extreme pressure agent into the base oil under the continuous stirring state, stirring for 30min, cooling to 30 ℃, continuously stirring for 30min, filtering and packaging to obtain the lubricating oil for the speed changer.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the extreme pressure agent is Vanlube SB from Vanlube corporation.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is essentially the same as example 1 except that the extreme pressure agent is a phosphate amine salt (e.g., vanlube 672).
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the extreme pressure agent is used in an amount of 0.3 parts.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the extreme pressure agent is used in an amount of 3 parts.
1. The raw materials used in the respective examples and comparative examples are shown in the following Table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of the raw Material amounts of the lubricating oils of examples and comparative examples
2. Performance test:
performance tests were conducted on the lubricating oils of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4, and the test methods and test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Performance test results of example and comparative lubricating oils
It can be seen from the test results of the specific examples, comparative examples and table 2 of the present invention that the lubricating oil of the present invention can ensure high bearing of gears and can sufficiently protect hardware when applied to a transmission.
Specifically: by combining examples 1-6 and comparative example 1, the lubricating oil of the invention achieves the aim of not corroding copper elements by improving the components of the extreme pressure agent and adopting the design of a low-sulfur formula, thereby protecting bare copper and electric elements of the motor. The active sulfur in the conventional lubricating oil, or the lubricating oil of comparative example 1, increases the probability of occurrence of pitting corrosion, which may cause corrosion of electrical components.
It is understood from the combination of examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 2 and the results of the performance test thereof that the extreme pressure agent of the present invention is different from the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent, particularly the phosphoric acid ester amine salt, in that the chemical nature of the extreme pressure agent causes a difference in the mechanism thereof. The extreme pressure agent component A contains quaternary phosphonium cations a and phosphate anions b, wherein the phosphate anions b easily lose alkyl groups and react with metal surfaces or friction scraps to form phosphate friction films, the formed phosphate friction films prevent direct contact of rough surface points, the anti-friction and antiwear effects are achieved, the extreme pressure agent component A has the metal activity passivation performance, the corrosion resistance of lubricating oil is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil to copper wires in an electric drive system can be greatly improved. Further, the extreme pressure agent component A can achieve excellent synergistic effect with other components, and further improves the fluidity, the antiwear property, the stability and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil. The phosphate amine salt is one of the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agents, generally, the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent has poor heat stability and better antiwear performance, but the wear resistance is reduced, so that the consumption speed of an additive is increased, C-0 bond breakage of a phosphate compound occurs in a boundary lubrication state to generate a mixture of ferric phosphite to play a role in wear resistance, the extreme pressure antiwear performance of the phosphate amine salt is greatly influenced by the main structure of the compound, for example, alkyl groups of some phosphate esters are linear and can form the tightest adsorption film, the structure of amine does not influence the extreme pressure antiwear performance, but the alkyl volume of some phosphate esters is increased, so that the adsorption film is quite loose, linear amine can drill in gaps among the adsorption films, and the formed phosphate ester adsorption film is nonuniform, so that the wear resistance of the phosphate ester adsorption film is influenced.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The lubricating oil for the speed changer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6 to 1 percent of extreme pressure agent, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of detergent, 6 to 8 percent of dispersant, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of antioxidant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of antirust agent, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of metal passivating agent, 2 to 5 percent of finger sticking agent and the balance of base oil;
wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises a component a comprising a quaternary phosphonium cation a and a phosphate anion b, the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b having the structures shown below:
in the formula a, n=8 to 16 and n is an integer.
2. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: extreme pressure agent 0.8%, detergent 0.3%, dispersant 6%, antioxidant 0.5%, rust inhibitor 0.1%, metal passivator 0.04%, finger sticking agent 3.5% and base oil 88.76%.
3. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the quaternary phosphonium cation a and the phosphate anion b is 1:1.
4. the lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary phosphonium cation a comprises an alkyl group having a side chain.
5. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing the extreme pressure agent comprises the steps of: uniformly dispersing 30-40 parts by weight of the component A into 40-50 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40 min, stirring at 30-40 ℃, adding 10-30 parts by weight of di-n-butyl phosphite, stirring for 30-40 min, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant to obtain the extreme pressure agent.
6. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the base oil includes at least one of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil; and/or
The finger sticking agent comprises at least one of polymethacrylate, dispersed polymethacrylate, styrene-diene copolymer and styrene-isoprene copolymer; and/or
The detergent is sulfonate and/or phenolate; and/or
The dispersing agent is monobutyldiimide and/or boronized succinimide.
7. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises at least one of an amine antioxidant and a phenolic antioxidant.
8. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the rust inhibitor comprises at least one of a metal sulfonate, an alkylamine, dodecenyl succinic acid, N3-bis (benzotriazol methylene) laurylamine.
9. The lubricating oil for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the metal deactivator comprises at least one of a tolyltriazole derivative and a thiadiazole derivative.
10. A method for producing the lubricating oil for a transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of: heating the base oil to 40-50 ℃ according to the mass percentage, adding the finger sticking agent, the detergent, the dispersing agent, the antioxidant, the antirust agent, the metal passivating agent and the extreme pressure agent into the base oil under the continuous stirring state, stirring for 20-40 min, cooling to 25-35 ℃ after stirring for 20-40 min, continuing stirring for 20-40 min, and filtering to obtain the lubricating oil for the speed changer.
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