CN117650636A - Control system and method of multi-capacity modularized LAES system - Google Patents
Control system and method of multi-capacity modularized LAES system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage of power systems, and relates to a control system and a method of a multi-capacity modularized LAES system, wherein the control system comprises the following steps: a plurality of basic unit groups, each basic unit group being provided with two LAES units; the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the power grid bus through detection units arranged on the power grid bus; the LAES units of each basic unit group are connected to the unit group bus of each basic unit group through a circuit breaker, and the unit group bus is connected with the LAES group bus through the circuit breaker; the LAES group bus is connected with the power grid bus through a breaker; the control unit of each basic unit group controls the circuit breaker in each basic unit group; the unit group buses of each basic unit group are connected with a sectionalized breaker, so that the basic unit groups are mutually standby, the defects and problems caused by single capacity configuration and a distributed control mode of the existing LAES system are solved, and multi-capacity ladder control and modularized intelligent switching of the LAES system are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel power system energy storage, and particularly relates to a control system and a method of a multi-capacity modularized LAES system.
Background
With the increasing proportion of renewable energy generation, electrical energy storage technology is becoming increasingly important to the development of the power industry. The electrical energy storage technology captures excess energy during periods of low electrical energy demand and provides such energy when needed, and the integration of the power grid into the renewable energy source can be improved by balancing the power of the power grid. The energy storage technologies capable of meeting the requirement of large-scale electric energy storage mainly comprise a pumped storage (pumped hydro storage, PHS) technology and a compressed air energy storage (compressedair energy storage, CAES) technology, and the compressed air energy storage technology is a second large energy storage development technology subsequent to PHS and plays a key role in electric energy management of a power grid.
Among them, cryogenic liquefied air storage (liquefied air energy storage, LAES) systems, which are one of compressed air storage, store electric energy in the form of liquid air by introducing a cold storage technology, have attracted a great deal of attention from researchers and commercial energy storage enterprises, not only greatly improving the energy density of CAES systems, but also greatly weakening the requirements of CAES systems for geographical factors. Besides the numerous application advantages of the compressed air energy storage technology, the technology does not need to rely on a large pressure storage container, and the LAES system can be built anywhere and has the energy storage advantages of high energy storage density, environmental pressure storage, long service life, removable storage and the like.
At present, cryogenic liquefied air energy storage systems can be divided into two types, one type is a large-capacity MW-level LAES demonstration project, and the other type is a small-capacity kW-level user side energy storage system.
The first system is still in a test platform stage in the development route at the present stage, is used for technical verification, is not subjected to large-scale industrial production, and does not form a standard unified borrowable engineering application mode. The MW-level cryogenic liquefied air energy storage demonstration project is applied for the first time in China, the system covers multiple types of equipment such as low temperature, high pressure and high rotating speed, and has complex energy utilization and conversion processes, and particularly compared with a hundred kilowatt-level system, the MW-level system has the advantages that the operation parameters are improved, the heat transfer medium is changed, the external operation conditions are also more complex and variable, and each monomer equipment and subsystem is required to meet the performance and stability requirements under the new operation conditions, and the equipment type selection, the system structure and the operation mode are all changed.
And the second type of system is mainly used for self-use of electric power, peak Gu Jiacha arbitrage, capacity electricity charge management, power supply reliability improvement and the like. One or more of the combined thermodynamic cycles, such as Linde-Hampson, claude, mixed regenerant and Solvay cycles, etc., are used in comparison to the high capacity LAES systems. The user-side LAES system contemplates other alternatives in the expansion subsystem, compression subsystem, and cold-hot recycle subsystem links for application scale and equipment cost considerations. The work of small capacity kW-scale LAES has focused mainly on feasibility, modeling, or component performance analysis.
Problems exist including: the energy storage business model is not clear and liquid air energy storage technology is still in the transition phase of demonstration to commercial application. The two large LAES systems are in the test point stage, and the developed systems are mainly focused on breaking through the common key technical research, mainly deploying the key process research of high-power liquid air energy storage, the technical research of cold/heat energy multi-stage storage and utilization, the technical research of efficient wide-working-condition compression/expansion, the technical research of system integration and operation control. However, the developed LAES system has fixed capacity configuration, inflexible operation mode and lack of modularized plug and play application scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a control system of a multi-capacity modularized LAES system, solving the defects and problems caused by single capacity configuration and a distributed control mode of the existing LAES system and realizing multi-capacity ladder control and modularized intelligent switching of the LAES system.
In another aspect, the invention provides a method of controlling a multi-capacity modular LAES system.
The present invention is embodied in a control system for a multi-capacity modular LAES system, the control system comprising:
configuring independent control units, detection units and circuit breakers in a plurality of basic unit groups, wherein each basic unit group is provided with two LAES units;
the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the power grid bus through detection units arranged on the power grid bus;
the LAES units of each basic unit group are connected to the unit group bus of each basic unit group through a circuit breaker, and the unit group bus is connected with the LAES group bus through the circuit breaker;
the LAES group bus is connected with the power grid bus through a breaker;
the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the LAES group bus through detection units arranged on the LAES group bus;
the control unit of each basic unit group is used for detecting the data of the unit group bus through the detection unit arranged on the unit group bus;
the control unit of each basic unit group controls the circuit breaker in each basic unit group;
the unit group bus of each basic unit group is connected with a sectionalizer.
Further, the control units of each basic unit group are connected to the upper computer communication bus and controlled by an upper computer.
Further, the control units of each base unit group are connected to the field communication bus.
Further, the LAES group bus is connected to the load through a breaker QFL, and the control end of the breaker QFL is connected to the host communication bus.
Further, the control unit obtains frequency and phase information according to the voltages and currents of the acquired unit group bus, LAES group bus and power grid bus of the basic unit group, and estimates the capacity of the basic unit group according to the running state of the basic unit group;
one of the control units is used as a master unit, and the other control units are used as slave units, and the master unit is used for judging whether the voltage of a power grid bus is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage; if yes, the system is considered to be in an initial state, an initial signal is sent to the field communication bus, and handshake signals of other groups of control units are received; if not, judging that the power grid is abnormal, sending a power failure signal to an upper computer, disconnecting the power grid switching-off circuit breaker QFT, determining the total value of available effective capacity of the basic unit group through the upper computer, judging whether the load requirement of the site is met, and if so, entering a basic unit group switching-on operation program and sequentially switching-on the basic unit group.
Further, entering a basic unit group input operation program comprises the following steps: identifying setting information of a master unit, and respectively entering a master unit program and a slave unit program;
the main unit program comprises a unit power generation operation mode in a basic unit group, a circuit breaker in the group is closed, the state of a LAES group bus is monitored, a starting state signal is sent to a field communication bus, and handshake signals sent by control units in each group on the field communication bus are received;
and setting a unit running mode in the basic unit group from a unit program, setting one LAES unit as an energy storage mode, setting the other LAES unit as a power generation mode, collecting voltage, frequency and phase information in the basic unit group, collecting LAES bus voltage, frequency and phase information of the basic unit group, judging whether the combination condition is met, closing a circuit breaker in the group, sending a start success signal to a field communication bus, and receiving the start success signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus.
A method of controlling a multi-capacity modular LAES system, the method comprising:
1) Starting a control system;
2) The control unit program performs initialization setting;
3) The control unit acquires the running state in the basic unit group, estimates the unit capacity, acquires the voltages and currents of the unit group bus, the LAES group bus and the power grid bus in the basic unit group, and acquires frequency and phase information;
4) The main unit judges whether the voltage of the bus of the power grid is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage; if yes, the system is considered to be in an initial state, an initial signal is sent to the field communication bus, and handshake signals of other groups of control units are received; if not, judging that the power grid is abnormal, sending a power failure signal to an upper computer, disconnecting a power grid switching-off circuit breaker QFT, determining the total value of available effective capacity of a basic unit group, judging whether the field load requirement is met, if so, entering a basic unit group switching-on operation program, sequentially switching on the basic unit group switching-off operation program, and if not, sending a capacity loss signal and waiting for upper computer information;
5) Entering a basic unit group to input an operation program, identifying a master unit and a slave unit, and respectively entering the master unit and the slave unit programs;
6) The main unit program sets a main unit mode, sets a unit power generation operation mode in the basic unit group, monitors the bus state of the LAES group by executing a closed circuit breaker and putting into operation, and simultaneously, the control unit sends a starting state signal to the field communication bus and receives handshake signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus;
7) Judging whether the LAES group bus voltage is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage, if so, sending a state signal to the field communication bus, receiving handshake signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus, and returning to the step 4), if not, returning to the step 5);
8) The slave unit program sets a slave unit mode, sets a unit operation mode in a basic unit group, sets one LAES unit as an energy storage mode, sets the other LAES unit as a power generation mode, collects voltage, frequency and phase information in the basic unit group, collects bus voltage, frequency and phase information of the LAES group, judges whether the merging condition is met, if so, a plurality of basic unit groups are put into operation through closing a circuit breaker, sends a starting success signal to a field communication bus, simultaneously receives starting success signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus, and returns to the step 8 if not.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system provided by the invention adopts a modularized structure, and each basic unit group has a set of independent system configuration, so that independent application of the basic unit group can be realized, and combined application of a plurality of LAES systems can also be realized.
Each basic unit group adopts redundant configuration, LAES units in the group are mutually standby, and the balance of the charges in the group is realized. Greatly improving the reliability of the LAES system.
Each basic unit group can realize various operation modes, including independent operation (island), independent grid connection, group operation (island) and group grid connection.
The system solves the defects and problems caused by single capacity configuration and a distributed control mode of the existing LAES system, thereby realizing multi-capacity ladder controllability and modularized intelligent switching of the LAES system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a control system of a multi-capacity modularized LAES system, which comprises two LAES (LAES-based unit groups with the same capacity configuration), wherein each unit group is provided with an independent control unit, a detection module and a circuit breaker. Each basic unit group adopts redundant configuration, LAES units in the group can realize mutual standby, and the load balance in the group is realized. Meanwhile, the basic unit group can be provided with a segmented breaker, so that inter-group standby is realized. And each basic unit group realizes multi-capacity ladder control and modularized intelligent switching of the LAES system under the regulation and control of each control unit and the upper computer. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the control system comprises:
configuring independent control units, detection units and circuit breakers in a plurality of basic unit groups, wherein each basic unit group is provided with two LAES units; referring to fig. 1, a block diagram of an embodiment is shown, where a basic unit group includes a control unit CA, a control unit CB, and a control unit CN from group a to group N, where group a includes two basic unit groups, namely a basic unit group LAES A1 and a basic unit group LAES A2; the group B comprises two basic unit groups, namely a basic unit group LAES B1 and a basic unit group LAESB2; by analogy, the N groups comprise two basic unit groups, namely a basic unit group LAES N1 and a basic unit group LAES N2;
the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the power grid bus through detection units arranged on the power grid bus;
the LAES units of the plurality of basic unit groups are connected to the unit group bus of each basic unit group through a circuit breaker, and the unit group bus is connected with the LAES group bus through the circuit breaker; the LAES group bus is connected with the power grid bus through a breaker; for example, two LAES units in group a are connected to a unit group bus of group a through a breaker QFA1 and a breaker QFA2, respectively, the unit group bus is connected to a LAES group bus through a breaker QFA connection, and the LAES group bus is connected to a grid bus through a breaker QFT;
likewise, two LAES units in the B group are respectively connected to the unit group bus of the B group through a breaker QFB1 and a breaker QFB2, and the unit group bus is connected with the LAES group bus through the breaker QFB connection; by analogy, two LAES units in the N groups are respectively connected to the unit group buses of the N groups through the circuit breakers QFN1 and the circuit breakers QFN2, and the unit group buses are connected with the LAES group buses through the circuit breakers QFN connection;
the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the LAES group bus through detection units arranged on the LAES group bus;
the control unit of each basic unit group is used for detecting the data of the unit group bus through the detection unit arranged on the unit group bus;
the control unit of each basic unit group controls the circuit breaker in each basic unit group;
the unit group buses of each basic unit group are connected with respective sectionalizing breakers QFDA-QFN, so that the basic unit groups and other basic unit groups form a standby relation, and when needed, the other ends of the sectionalizing breakers are connected to the unit group buses of other basic unit groups.
The LAES group bus is connected with the load through a breaker QFL, and the control end of the breaker QFL is connected with the upper computer communication bus.
The control mode of the bus structure is adopted among the groups of control units. A field communication bus and an upper computer communication bus are added. The control units of each basic unit group are connected to the upper computer communication bus and controlled by an upper computer. The control units of each basic unit group are connected to the field communication bus. Each basic unit group can have various operation modes, including independent operation (island), independent grid connection, group operation (island) and group grid connection. Each group of control units collect voltage signals, frequency signals and phase information of the detection units, judge the states of the buses of all levels, send execution signals to the circuit breakers of all levels in real time, and guarantee the electric energy quality of the buses of all levels. The configuration solves the defects and problems caused by single capacity configuration and a distributed control mode of the existing LAES system, thereby realizing multi-capacity ladder controllability and modularized intelligent switching of the LAES system. The circuit breaker between the LAES group bus and the power grid bus and the load adopts an independent execution module, and is controlled by an upper computer. Providing great convenience for the capacity increase or the capacity reduction of the system.
The control unit obtains frequency and phase information according to the collected voltages and currents of the unit group bus, the LAES group bus and the power grid bus of the basic unit group, and estimates the capacity of the basic unit group according to the running state of the basic unit group;
one of the control units is used as a master unit, and the other control units are used as slave units, wherein the master unit is used for judging whether the voltage of a power grid bus is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage; if yes, the system is considered to be in an initial state, an initial signal is sent to the field communication bus, and handshake signals of other groups of control units are received; if not, judging that the power grid is abnormal, sending a power failure signal to an upper computer, disconnecting the power grid switching-off circuit breaker QFT, determining the total value of available effective capacity of the basic unit group through the upper computer, judging whether the load requirement of the site is met, and if so, entering a basic unit group switching-on operation program and sequentially switching-on the basic unit group.
Entering a basic unit group input operation program, comprising: identifying setting information of a master unit, and respectively entering a master unit program and a slave unit program;
the main unit program comprises a unit power generation operation mode in a basic unit group, a circuit breaker in the group is closed, the state of a LAES group bus is monitored, a starting state signal is sent to a field communication bus, and handshake signals sent by control units in each group on the field communication bus are received;
and setting a unit running mode in the basic unit group from a unit program, setting one LAES unit as an energy storage mode, setting the other LAES unit as a power generation mode, collecting voltage, frequency and phase information in the basic unit group, collecting LAES bus voltage, frequency and phase information of the basic unit group, judging whether the combination condition is met, closing a circuit breaker in the group, sending a start success signal to a field communication bus, and receiving the start success signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus.
Each basic unit group comprises an independent control unit, the core processor of the basic unit group is PLCS7-1215C, and the processor extends 4 groups of 6ES7231-4HF30-0XB0 analog quantity modules which are respectively used for collecting voltages (VA, VB, VC) and currents (IA, IB, IC) of buses in the LAES unit group and buses of a power grid to obtain frequency and phase information. The control unit is connected with a field bus communication module and an upper computer communication bus module; the control units are connected to the field communication bus through respective field bus communication modules and are connected to the upper computer communication bus through respective upper computer communication bus modules. The basic unit group controls switching-on and switching-off circuit breakers of LAES units in the group through the control unit, and switching-on and switching-off operations of the LAES group bus switching-off circuit breakers and the standby sectioning circuit breakers QFDA-QFN to realize switching-on and switching-off of buses of all levels. In addition, the control unit sends out instructions to control the running mode (energy storage mode and power generation mode) and the running state (starting and stopping) of the LAES units in the group, and the rotation speeds of the compressors and the expanders of the LAES units are regulated to control the output capacity. The invention provides a control method of a control system of a multi-capacity modularized LAES system, which comprises the following steps:
1) Starting a control system;
2) The control unit program performs initialization setting;
3) The control unit acquires the running state in the basic unit group, estimates the unit capacity, acquires the voltages (VA, VB, VC) and the currents (IA, IB, IC) of the unit group bus, the LAES group bus and the power grid bus in the basic unit group, and acquires frequency and phase information;
4) The main unit judges whether the voltage of the bus of the power grid is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage; if yes, the system is considered to be in an initial state, an initial signal is sent to the field communication bus, and handshake signals of other groups of control units (slave units) are received; if not, judging that the power grid is abnormal, sending a power failure signal to the upper computer, and disconnecting the power grid switching breaker QFT. Determining the total value of available effective capacity of the basic unit group, judging whether the total value meets the field load requirement, if so, entering a basic unit group to put into an operation program, and sequentially putting into the basic unit group according to the sequence of the group A, the group B, the group A and the group N, if not, sending a capacity missing signal, and waiting for upper computer information;
5) Entering a basic unit group input operation program, identifying a main unit and a slave unit, for example, a group A is the main unit, other groups are the slave units, the main unit provides a voltage frequency standard, and other input groups respectively enter the main unit and the slave unit program according to standard grid-connected setting information of the main unit;
6) And the main unit program sets a main unit mode for the A group basic unit group, sets a unit power generation operation mode in the basic unit group, and monitors the bus state of the LAES group by executing a closed breaker QFA1\QFA2\QFA, wherein the A group basic unit group is put into operation. Meanwhile, the control unit CA sends out a starting state signal to the field communication bus and receives handshake signals sent out by other control units on the field communication bus;
7) Judging whether the LAES group bus voltage is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage, if so, sending a state signal to the field communication bus, receiving handshake signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus, and returning to the step 4), and if not, returning to the step 5);
8) The slave unit program sets a slave unit mode, sets an intra-group unit operation mode, sets one LAES unit as an energy storage mode, sets one LAES unit as a power generation mode, realizes intra-group load balance through intra-group regulation, collects voltage, frequency and phase information in a basic unit group, collects the voltage frequency and phase information of a bus of the LAES group, judges whether an integration condition is met, namely, the voltage, the frequency and the phase are the same as grid-connected condition, if so, a plurality of basic unit groups are put into operation through closing a circuit breaker, sends a start success signal to a field communication bus, receives start success signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus, and returns to step 8 if not.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control system for a multi-capacity modular LAES system, the control system comprising:
configuring independent control units, detection units and circuit breakers in a plurality of basic unit groups, wherein each basic unit group is provided with two LAES units;
the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the power grid bus through detection units arranged on the power grid bus;
the LAES units of each basic unit group are connected to the unit group bus of each basic unit group through a circuit breaker, and the unit group bus is connected with the LAES group bus through the circuit breaker;
the LAES group bus is connected with the power grid bus through a breaker;
the control units of the plurality of basic unit groups detect data of the LAES group bus through detection units arranged on the LAES group bus;
the control unit of each basic unit group is used for detecting the data of the unit group bus through the detection unit arranged on the unit group bus;
the control unit of each basic unit group controls the circuit breaker in each basic unit group;
the unit group bus of each basic unit group is connected with a sectionalizer.
2. The control system of a multi-capacity modular lae system according to claim 1, wherein the control units of each base unit group are connected to a host computer communication bus and controlled by a host computer.
3. The control system of a multi-capacity modular lae system according to claim 2, wherein the control units of each base unit group are connected to a field communication bus.
4. A control system for a multi-capacity modular lae system according to claim 3, wherein the lae set of buses is connected to the load via a circuit breaker QFL, and the control terminal of the circuit breaker QFL is connected to the host communication bus.
5. A control system of a multi-capacity modular LAES system according to claim 3, wherein the control unit obtains frequency and phase information according to the collected voltages and currents of the unit group bus, the LAES group bus and the grid bus of the basic unit group, and estimates the capacity of the basic unit group according to the running state of the basic unit group;
one of the control units is used as a master unit, and the other control units are used as slave units, and the master unit is used for judging whether the voltage of a power grid bus is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage; if yes, the system is considered to be in an initial state, an initial signal is sent to the field communication bus, and handshake signals of other groups of control units are received; if not, judging that the power grid is abnormal, sending a power failure signal to an upper computer, disconnecting the power grid switching-off circuit breaker QFT, determining the total value of available effective capacity of the basic unit group through the upper computer, judging whether the load requirement of the site is met, and if so, entering a basic unit group switching-on operation program and sequentially switching-on the basic unit group.
6. The control system of a multi-capacity modular LAES system according to claim 5, wherein entering the base unit group into the operating program comprises: identifying setting information of a master unit, and respectively entering a master unit program and a slave unit program;
the main unit program comprises a unit power generation operation mode in a basic unit group, a circuit breaker in the group is closed, the state of a LAES group bus is monitored, a starting state signal is sent to a field communication bus, and handshake signals sent by control units in each group on the field communication bus are received;
and setting a unit running mode in the basic unit group from a unit program, setting one LAES unit as an energy storage mode, setting the other LAES unit as a power generation mode, collecting voltage, frequency and phase information in the basic unit group, collecting LAES bus voltage, frequency and phase information of the basic unit group, judging whether the combination condition is met, closing a circuit breaker in the group, sending a start success signal to a field communication bus, and receiving the start success signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus.
7. A method of controlling a multi-capacity modular LAES system using the control system of any of claims 1-6, the method comprising:
1) Starting a control system;
2) The control unit program performs initialization setting;
3) The control unit acquires the running state in the basic unit group, estimates the unit capacity, acquires the voltages and currents of the unit group bus, the LAES group bus and the power grid bus in the basic unit group, and acquires frequency and phase information;
4) The main unit judges whether the voltage of the bus of the power grid is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage; if yes, the system is considered to be in an initial state, an initial signal is sent to the field communication bus, and handshake signals of other groups of control units are received; if not, judging that the power grid is abnormal, sending a power failure signal to an upper computer, disconnecting a power grid switching-off circuit breaker QFT, determining the total value of available effective capacity of a basic unit group, judging whether the field load requirement is met, if so, entering a basic unit group switching-on operation program, sequentially switching on the basic unit group switching-off operation program, and if not, sending a capacity loss signal and waiting for upper computer information;
5) Entering a basic unit group to input an operation program, identifying a master unit and a slave unit, and respectively entering the master unit and the slave unit programs;
6) The main unit program sets a main unit mode, sets a unit power generation operation mode in the basic unit group, monitors the bus state of the LAES group by executing a closed circuit breaker and putting into operation, and simultaneously, the control unit sends a starting state signal to the field communication bus and receives handshake signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus;
7) Judging whether the LAES group bus voltage is more than or equal to 70% of rated voltage, if so, sending a state signal to the field communication bus, receiving handshake signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus, and returning to the step 4), if not, returning to the step 5);
8) The slave unit program sets a slave unit mode, sets a unit operation mode in a basic unit group, sets one LAES unit as an energy storage mode, sets the other LAES unit as a power generation mode, collects voltage, frequency and phase information in the basic unit group, collects bus voltage, frequency and phase information of the LAES group, judges whether the merging condition is met, if so, a plurality of basic unit groups are put into operation through closing a circuit breaker, sends a starting success signal to a field communication bus, simultaneously receives starting success signals sent by other control units on the field communication bus, and returns to the step 8 if not.
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| US20160072291A1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-03-10 | Mada Energie Ltd | Energy processing and storage |
| CN111585295A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Energy storage configuration method based on LAES-CAES |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160072291A1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-03-10 | Mada Energie Ltd | Energy processing and storage |
| CN111585295A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Energy storage configuration method based on LAES-CAES |
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| PENG WANG等: "Optimal Scheduling of Multi-Carrier Energy Networks Considering Liquid Air Energy Storage", 《2018 2ND IEEE CONFERENCE ON ENERGY INTERNET AND ENERGY SYSTEM INTEGRATION (EI2)》, 22 October 2018 (2018-10-22), pages 1 - 4, XP033481233, DOI: 10.1109/EI2.2018.8582201 * |
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