CN117647784A - Double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method - Google Patents
Double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method, which is based on a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle platform to calibrate coefficients of a double-station transmitting radar and a double-station receiving radar respectively, acquire a double-station radar K value coefficient and provide a standard basis for calculating target double-station RCS data. The calibration method is not limited by the distance between the double base lines, and has strong operability and good natural environment adaptability; the invention respectively calibrates the double-station transmitting radar and the receiving radar, has the advantages of relatively short relative distance of the standard metal balls and high pitching angle, can effectively avoid the influence of ground clutter, and has good calibration quality. The technical problems that the prior requirement that the double standing angle is smaller than a certain angle, the distance limitation on the base line is high, the requirement of the prior post calibration is difficult to meet, and the practicability is greatly limited are solved. The method has strong popularization and application value in the field of double-station RCS measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ground-air dynamic RCS measurement, in particular to a double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method.
Background
The double-station radar refers to a radar system with separated receiving and transmitting functions, and the target detection and tracking are similar to those of a single-station radar, but the double-station radar has a plurality of self characteristics in measurement power, positioning accuracy and application methods. In recent years, with increasing demands on radar countermeasure technologies such as stealth target measurement, active interference resistance, low altitude burst prevention and the like, application research of double-station radars is becoming more and more important, and one of important functions is double-station RCS (radar cross section) for measuring stealth targets, so that stealth and anti-stealth countermeasure researches can be effectively carried out on stealth targets.
The measurement precision of the double-station ground-air dynamic RCS mainly depends on the system stability and calibration quality of the double-station transmitting radar and receiving radar, the system stability of the radar is influenced by various factors, mainly the working state of each radar subsystem and the influence of the external environment on each radar subsystem, the double-station RCS is measured and distributed in different places, the working state and the environmental parameters of each startup are difficult to be completely consistent, the long-term stability is difficult to be ensured, but the stability of the system can be ensured in a short time under the same startup state.
Secondly, in the traditional double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method, under the condition that the base line distance of the double-station radar is relatively short, the standard metal ball hung by the unmanned aerial vehicle is synchronously tracked to perform double-station RCS calibration, namely, the double-station angle is required to be smaller than a certain angle, the distance limit on the base line is relatively high, the actual condition that the base line distance is relatively long when the double-station radar works is difficult to meet, and the practicability is greatly limited. Therefore, when the double-station ground-air dynamic RCS test is carried out, a pre-post calibration method with strong operability is needed, the calibration quality is improved, and the double-station RCS measurement accuracy is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the double-station angle is required to be smaller than a certain angle, the distance limit on a base line is higher, and the requirement of the prior post calibration is difficult to meet.
The invention provides a double-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively adopting an unmanned plane to mount standard metal balls for hovering flight in the working ranges of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar, and ensuring that the pitching angles of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar irradiating the respective standard metal balls are not smaller than the minimum precision-keeping angle;
s2, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar respectively utilize an optical gun lens to guide and capture respective standard metal balls;
s3, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar track and measure the respective standard metal balls respectively, and receive the reflected signal echo power of the standard metal balls;
s4, respectively calculating calibration coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar according to the transmitting signal power and the reflected signal echo powerAnd->；
S5, when the double-station radar tracks the dynamic flying target, the calibration coefficient is basedAnd->And solving the double-station RCS measurement data of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar.
Optionally, the calibration coefficientAnd->The calculation formula of (1) is as follows:
，/>。
wherein,representing the transmitting power of the dual-station transmitting radar tracking corresponding to the standard metal ball, < >>Radar cross section representing a standard metal sphere, +.>Indicating the distance between the two-station transmitting radars to the corresponding standard metal balls, < >>Tracking the signal to noise ratio of the corresponding standard metal ball for the double-station transmitting radar;
representing the transmitting power of the double station when receiving the radar tracking corresponding standard metal ball, +.>Indicating the distance between the double station receiving radar and the corresponding standard metal ball, +.>And (3) tracking the signal to noise ratio of the corresponding standard metal ball for the double-station receiving radar.
Optionally, the calibration coefficient is based onAnd->The solution formula of the double-station RCS for solving the double-station radar is as follows:
。
wherein,representing the transmit power of a dual-station transmitting radar tracking a measured object, < >>Expressed as distance between two-station transmitting radars to the measured target,/->Represented as distance between two-station receiving radar to the object under test,/->A double station scattering cross section denoted as the object under test; />The signal to noise ratio of the radar tracking target to be measured is received for the double station.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
and (3) calibrating K value coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar based on the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle platform respectively to obtain the K value coefficient of the double-station radar, and providing a standard basis for calculating double-station RCS data of the target. The calibration method is not limited by the distance between the double base lines, and has strong operability and good natural environment adaptability; the invention respectively calibrates the double-station transmitting radar and the receiving radar, has the advantages of relatively short relative distance of the standard metal balls and high pitching angle, can effectively avoid the influence of ground clutter, and has good calibration quality. The method has strong guiding significance for developing the dual-station dynamic RCS calibration and has certain popularization and application value in the dual-station RCS measurement field.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein. The functional units of the same reference numerals in the examples of the present invention have the same and similar structures and functions.
Referring to FIG. 1, the invention provides a dual-station ground-air dynamic RCS calibration method, which comprises
S3, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar track and measure the respective standard metal balls respectively, and receive the reflected signal echo power of the standard metal balls;
s2, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar respectively utilize an optical gun lens to guide and capture respective standard metal balls;
s3, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar track and measure the respective standard metal balls respectively and receive the reflected echo power of the standard metal balls;
s4, respectively calculating calibration coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar according to the transmitting signal power and the reflected signal echo powerAnd->；
S5, when the double-station radar tracks the dynamic flying target, the calibration coefficient is basedAnd->And solving the double-station RCS measurement data of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar.
In the embodiment, S1, respectively adopting unmanned aerial vehicles to mount standard metal balls for hovering flight in working ranges of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar, and ensuring that pitching angles of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar irradiating the respective standard metal balls are not smaller than minimum precision-keeping angles.
Before implementation, the weather is clear, the wind power is less than 6 levels, and the method is suitable for the weather conditions of hovering and flying of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle. And the standard metal ball is suspended by utilizing the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle within 5km of the distance from the double-station transmitting radar to the double-station receiving radar, so that the standard metal ball is brought to a relative height to hover, and the pitching angle of the radar irradiating the standard metal ball is ensured to be not smaller than the minimum precision angle.
S2, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar are guided and captured by the optical gun mirror respectively to capture the respective standard metal balls.
S3, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar track and measure the respective standard metal balls respectively, and receive the reflected signal echo power of the standard metal balls.
The calculation formula of the reflected signal echo power of the standard metal ball corresponding to the double-station transmitting radar tracking is expressed as follows:
（1），
representing reflected signal echo power,/-received when the dual-station transmitting radar tracks a standard metal ball target>Representing the transmitting power of the dual-station transmitting radar tracking corresponding to the standard metal ball, < >>Representing the gain of the antenna of the dual-station transmitting radar in the target direction, with the transmitting gain and the receiving gain being identical,/->Radar cross section representing a standard metal sphere, +.>Indicating the distance between the two-station transmitting radars to the corresponding standard metal balls, < >>Representing the loss of the transmitting branch of the double-station transmitting radar, < >>Representing the loss of the receiving branch of the double-station transmitting radar, < >>Representing radar operating wavelength; and obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of the standard metal ball corresponding to the dual-station transmitting radar tracking>。
The calculation formula of the reflected signal echo power of the standard metal ball corresponding to the double-station receiving radar tracking is expressed as follows:
（2），
representing reflected signal echo power,/and/or @ received when the dual station receives radar tracking standard metal ball target>Representing the transmitting power of the double station when receiving the radar tracking corresponding standard metal ball, +.>Representing the gain of the antenna of the dual-station receiving radar in the target direction, and the transmitting gain and the receiving gain are identical, +.>Indicating the distance between the double station receiving radar and the corresponding standard metal ball, +.>Representing the loss of the transmitting branch of the double-station receiving radar, wherein the transmitting branch loss of the double-station transmitting radar and the transmitting branch loss of the double-station receiving radar are equal and are in the presence of +.>The receiving branch loss of the double-station receiving radar is represented, and the receiving branch loss of the double-station transmitting radar is equal to that of the double-station receiving radar; and obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of the standard metal ball corresponding to the tracking of the double-station receiving radar>。
S4, respectively calculating calibration coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar according to the transmitting signal power and the reflected signal echo powerAnd->。
When the double-station radar tracks a dynamic flying target, the double-station receiving radar receives the echo power of a reflected signal of the target to be tested, and the calculation formula is as follows:
（3），
the method is expressed as reflected signal echo power of a detected target received by a double-station receiving radar when the double-station radar tracks a dynamic flying target,/I>Representing the transmit power of a dual-station transmitting radar tracking a measured object, < >>Expressed as distance between two-station transmitting radars to the measured target,/->Represented as distance between two-station receiving radar to the object under test,/->A double-station radar scattering cross section denoted as the object under test; and obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of the double-station receiving radar tracking the measured target。
And then according to the、/>、/>Calculating calibration coefficients of double-station transmitting radar and double-station receiving radar、/>The double-station radar scattering section of the target to be detected comprises the following specific steps:
multiplying equation 1 and equation 2 and squaring it as compared to equation 3 yields equation 4 to be expressed as:
（4），
dynamic RCS measurement and calibration of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar are carried out by taking sky as background and taking sky background noise power as backgroundAnd is not 0, then there are:
（5），
the method comprises the following steps:
（6），
finishing equation 6 results in equation 7 expressed as:
（7），
setting:
（8），
calculating calibration coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar based on formula 8And->。
I am according to the above methodThe method comprises the steps of calibrating a standard metal ball with the diameter of 300mm, wherein the distance between a transmitting radar and a tracking standard metal ball during calibration is 4km, the height is 1000m, the distance between a receiving radar and the tracking standard metal ball is 3km, the height is 500m, the following measurement time of two radars is about 1 minute, then the two radars are utilized to obtain signal-to-noise ratio, measurement distance and transmitting power data, and the calibration coefficients of the dual-station transmitting radar and the dual-station receiving radar are calculated according to a formula (8)、 />。
S5, when the double-station radar tracks the dynamic flying target, the calibration coefficient is basedAnd->And solving the double-station RCS measurement data of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar.
The solution formula of the double-station RCS of the double-station radar is as follows:
（9），
wherein,representing the transmit power of a dual-station transmitting radar tracking a measured object, < >>Expressed as distance between two-station transmitting radars to the measured target,/->Represented as distance between two-station receiving radar to the object under test,/->Represented as a double of objects to be measuredStation scattering cross section; />The signal to noise ratio of the radar tracking target to be measured is received for the double station.
When the double-station radar tracks a dynamic flying target, the baseline distance between the double stations is 100km, the height of the target is 10000m, the target flies from the upper space of a transmitting station to the upper space of a receiving station along a straight line, the measured signal to noise ratio of the receiving radar, the distance between the measured target and the double-station transmitting radar and the distance between the measured target and the double-station receiving radar respectively, the transmitting power of the double-station transmitting radar are obtained, and the double-station RCS measuring data are calculated according to a formula (9) by combining the calibration coefficients of the two radars.
The method is based on the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle platform to calibrate the K value coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar respectively, obtain the K value coefficient of the double-station radar and provide standard basis for calculating double-station RCS data of the target. The calibration method is not limited by the distance between the double base lines, and has strong operability and good natural environment adaptability; the invention respectively calibrates the double-station transmitting radar and the receiving radar, has the advantages of relatively short relative distance of the standard metal balls and high pitching angle, can effectively avoid the influence of ground clutter, and has good calibration quality. The technical problems that the current requirement of the double-station RCS calibration is smaller than a certain angle, the distance limitation on a base line is high, the requirement of the prior post calibration is difficult to meet, and the practicability is greatly limited are solved. The method has strong popularization and application value in the field of double-station RCS measurement.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calibrating a double-station ground-air dynamic RCS, comprising:
s1, respectively adopting an unmanned plane to mount standard metal balls for hovering flight in the working ranges of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar, and ensuring that the pitching angles of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar irradiating the respective standard metal balls are not smaller than the minimum precision-keeping angle;
s2, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar respectively utilize an optical gun lens to guide and capture respective standard metal balls;
s3, the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar track and measure the respective standard metal balls respectively, and receive the reflected signal echo power of the standard metal balls;
s4, respectively calculating calibration coefficients of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar according to the transmitting signal power and the reflected signal echo powerAnd->；
S5, when the double-station radar tracks the dynamic flying target, the calibration coefficient is basedAnd->And solving the double-station RCS measurement data of the double-station transmitting radar and the double-station receiving radar.
2. The method for calibrating a double-station earth-air dynamic RCS according to claim 1, wherein the calibration coefficients areAnd->The calculation formula of (1) is as follows:
，
wherein,representing the transmitting power of the dual-station transmitting radar tracking corresponding to the standard metal ball, < >>Radar cross section representing a standard metal sphere, +.>Indicating the distance between the two-station transmitting radars to the corresponding standard metal balls, < >>Tracking the signal to noise ratio of the corresponding standard metal ball for the double-station transmitting radar;
representing the sending of a standard metal ball corresponding to radar tracking received by a double stationRadiation power, < >>Indicating the distance between the double station receiving radar and the corresponding standard metal ball, +.>And (3) tracking the signal to noise ratio of the corresponding standard metal ball for the double-station receiving radar.
3. The method for calibrating a double-station ground air dynamic RCS according to claim 1, wherein the calibration coefficients are based onAnd->The solution formula of the double-station RCS for solving the double-station radar is as follows:
，
wherein,representing the transmit power of a dual-station transmitting radar tracking a measured object, < >>Expressed as distance between two-station transmitting radars to the measured target,/->Represented as distance between two-station receiving radar to the object under test,/->A double station scattering cross section denoted as the object under test; />The signal to noise ratio of the radar tracking target to be measured is received for the double station.
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