CN117645439A - High-strength inorganic artificial travertine and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength inorganic artificial travertine and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117645439A CN117645439A CN202311519129.9A CN202311519129A CN117645439A CN 117645439 A CN117645439 A CN 117645439A CN 202311519129 A CN202311519129 A CN 202311519129A CN 117645439 A CN117645439 A CN 117645439A
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- travertine
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 industrial tailings Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019976 tricalcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021534 tricalcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength inorganic artificial travertine and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing aggregate particles with the inorganic artificial stone mixture; the aggregate particles are slow water soluble solid material particles or insoluble solid material particles; pressing the mixed material into a blank by a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing plate; when the aggregate particles are slow water-soluble solid material particles, maintaining, fixing thickness and polishing the blank to obtain the modified aggregate; when the aggregate particles are insoluble solid material particles, the blank is subjected to maintenance, thickness fixing and polishing, and the surface of the plate is washed by high-pressure water, so that the composite board is obtained. According to the method for vibrating the pressing plate at high frequency under vacuum, the prepared inorganic artificial travertine has the advantages of high strength, high toughness and the like while having a natural travertine structure. The invention has simple process and low manufacturing cost, and the obtained holes are very close to the naturally formed travertine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a high-strength inorganic artificial travertine and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The travertine decoration has a very long history in Europe, the ancient Roman bucket animal farm, the great church of Saint Peel, the congregation building and the like are all built from travertine, the history is far away, the classical atmosphere is thick, and the artistic sense is strong and incomparable. Natural travertine has a fashionable color and texture, and its texture, pores and color are not controllable. However, natural travertine has more holes, poor fracture resistance and compressive strength, is easy to break under the action of external force, and can be used as a decorative material only through design demonstration before installation.
The inorganic artificial travertine is produced with crushed stone, industrial tailings, solid waste and powder as main aggregate, inorganic cementing material as main adhesive and through processing, and belongs to environment friendly waste utilizing product. The inorganic artificial travertine is used as a novel decorative building material and has the advantages of green, environmental protection and the like in the production process. In the prior art, inorganic artificial travertine is produced by preventing the mixed material from being extruded in a die, and then carving the surface to form holes. However, the inorganic artificial travertine obtained by the method is often insufficient in strength, holes formed by engraving are not natural enough, and the production cost is relatively high.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a high strength inorganic artificial travertine and a preparation method thereof, which solves the technical problems of low strength, high production cost and unnatural holes of the inorganic artificial travertine.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing an inorganic artificial travertine, comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing artificial stone aggregate, cement, auxiliary cementing material and filler to obtain an inorganic artificial stone mixture; uniformly mixing aggregate particles with the inorganic artificial stone mixture to obtain a dry mixed material;
the aggregate particles are slow water soluble solid material particles or insoluble solid material particles;
s2, pressing the dry blend obtained in the step S1 into a blank by a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing mode;
the vibration frequency of the vacuum high-frequency vibration suppression is 10-60Hz;
s3, when the aggregate particles are slow water-soluble solid material particles, maintaining the blank, and polishing to obtain the modified aggregate;
when the aggregate particles are insoluble solid material particles, maintaining, fixing thickness and polishing the blank, and flushing the surface of the plate by high-pressure water to obtain the composite material;
the maintenance comprises the following steps: placing the blank plate in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95% for curing for 24-30h, demolding, and curing for 14-28d in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%.
The pressure of the high-pressure water is 2.5-4 MPa.
According to the invention, the slowly water-soluble solid material particles or insoluble solid material particles are used as aggregate particles, and are mixed with the inorganic artificial stone mixture to prepare the inorganic artificial travertine, the bonding force between the insoluble solid material particles and the inorganic artificial stone mixture is poor, and the inorganic artificial travertine can be separated from the plate under high-pressure water flushing, so that a hole structure is formed on the surface of the plate. The slow water-soluble solid material particles can be slowly dissolved in water, and are uniformly dispersed in the slow water-soluble solid material particles in the mixing process of the slow water-soluble solid material particles and the inorganic artificial stone mixture, so that irregular holes are formed on the surface and inside of the plate when the rough plate is maintained, and the formed holes are more similar to natural travertine.
The invention prepares the blank by using a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing mode, and the obtained inorganic artificial travertine has the advantages of high compressive strength, high flexural strength and the like while having a natural travertine structure. Compared with the method of material, the compressive strength can be improved by more than one time.
The dry-mixing method of the invention has the advantages of more selectable slow water-soluble aggregates and high strength. The blank has hydration reaction in the curing process to generate tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate and the like, so that the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the artificial travertine can be further improved.
Optionally, in step S1, the artificial stone aggregate is at least one of industrial tailings, building solid waste or mine crushed aggregates.
The main component of the industrial tailings is silicon dioxide;
the main component of the building solid waste is recycled concrete;
the main component of the mine crushed aggregates is silicon dioxide or calcium oxide;
according to the invention, the inorganic artificial travertine is prepared by taking industrial tailings, building solid wastes or mine crushed aggregates as artificial travertine aggregates, so that the solid wastes are recycled, the method is more economical and environment-friendly, and the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the inorganic artificial travertine are improved by single-piece vacuum high-frequency vibration compression molding.
Optionally, in step S1, the particles of the slowly water-soluble solid material are particles made of one or more of HPMC, industrial salt, rock candy, calcium chloride or urea.
Optionally, in step S1, the insoluble solid material particles are particles made of one or more of slurry particles, metakaolin or paint.
Optionally, the slurry block is slurry particles obtained by granulating slurry precipitated in wastewater obtained by curing and thickness-fixing polishing the blank in the step S3.
The method of granulation can be selected according to the properties of the material, and is a conventional method in the field.
Optionally, the coating is paint, and the paint is dried and crushed to obtain insoluble solid material particles.
Optionally, the HPMC and metakaolin are powder materials, and are required to be granulated and then used after being made into granules. The granulation method comprises mixing the powder with water or other solvents, drying and crushing to obtain granules. In the granulation, the amount of water or other solvents used needs to be controlled.
Optionally, in the dry blend, the mixing amount of the aggregate particles is 1wt% to 10wt%; mixing the powder with water or other solvents, and stirring for 2-3min.
Optionally, the other solvent is alcohol or gasoline.
Optionally, in step S1, the mixing time of the aggregate particles and the inorganic artificial stone mixture is 1-2min.
Optionally, in step S1, the auxiliary gelling material is at least one of metakaolin or bentonite.
Optionally, in step S1, the particle size of the aggregate particles is 0-16mm, and the particle size of the inorganic artificial stone mixture is 0-16mm.
Optionally, in the step S2, the vacuum degree of the vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing is-0.095 to-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 12-16MPa, and the dwell time is 120-180S.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an inorganic artificial travertine prepared by the preparation method, wherein the surface or the surface and the interior of the inorganic artificial travertine are provided with a plurality of hole structures which are randomly distributed, have different sizes and are irregularly shaped.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the preparation method of the inorganic artificial travertine, the inorganic artificial travertine blank is prepared by utilizing slow water-soluble solid material particles or insoluble solid material particles through a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing method, and the slow water-soluble solid material particles are slowly dissolved in the blank in the curing process, so that a plurality of inorganic artificial travertines with irregular holes are formed in the blank and on the surface of the blank; or after the rough board is polished to a certain thickness, insoluble solid material particles on the surface of the rough board are easy to collapse due to low strength in the high-pressure water flushing process, and the inorganic artificial travertine with a plurality of irregular holes is obtained on the surface of the board. The manufacturing process of the inorganic artificial travertine is very simple and easy to realize, has low manufacturing cost, and can obtain a travertine plate product which is quite similar to natural products and has different shapes, uneven sizes and irregular dispersion. Because of the vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing method, in the process of preparing the inorganic artificial travertine, the mixture has no air holes and has good compactness. The prepared inorganic artificial travertine has the advantages of natural travertine structure, high strength, high toughness and the like.
The aggregate particles are only suitable for inorganic artificial travertine with relatively low water gel (about 0.17), if the water gel is relatively large, the water content in the mixture is excessive, and the condition that part of the aggregate particles are dissolved in the mixing process of the aggregate particles can occur, so that the preparation of the travertine is influenced; aggregate particles prepared from slurry, metakaolin and/or paint are required to be washed and dispersed by a high-pressure water gun, and the travertine prepared from slow water-soluble solid material particles such as HPMC, industrial salt, rock sugar, calcium chloride and the like is required to be automatically dissolved under maintenance conditions, so that the high-pressure water gun is not required to wash, and the formed holes are more similar to natural travertine.
According to the invention, on the basis of preparing the high-strength inorganic artificial travertine, industrial tailings, building solid wastes or mine crushed aggregates are used for replacing natural aggregates in the inorganic artificial travertine, so that not only can the environmental pollution be reduced, but also the consumption of resources such as natural sandstone and the like in the development process of the building industry can be reduced, the natural environment is protected, the green and sustainable development of the building industry is promoted, and good economic, environmental and social benefits are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-strength inorganic artificial travertine prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better explained by the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings.
In order that the above-described aspects may be better understood, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The preparation method of the high-strength inorganic artificial travertine comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring and mixing insoluble solid powder with water or other solvents for 2-3min, mixing to be similar to dough, primarily kneading and drying, and crushing and screening according to the required particle size after the drying is finished to obtain aggregate particles; or crushing and screening the slow water-soluble solid material particles to obtain the slow water-soluble solid material;
the drying mode comprises natural sun drying or baking;
s2, putting cement, auxiliary cementing materials, fillers and artificial stone aggregates into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing and stirring, and then adding water and a water reducing agent for wet mixing. After the stirring is finished, in order to ensure that the water content of the material is uniform and the material is suitable for compression molding, the total stirring time is 5-10min (the dry mixing time and the wet mixing time respectively account for half and can be adjusted according to the state of the mixture), so as to obtain the inorganic artificial stone mixture;
s3, putting the aggregate particles into a high-speed mixer according to a certain proportion, and uniformly stirring with the inorganic artificial stone mixture for 1-2min to obtain an artificial travertine mixture; wherein the mixing amount of the aggregate particles accounts for 1-10wt% of the artificial travertine mixture;
s4, spreading a PET film at the bottom of a forming die for facilitating demoulding, uniformly distributing the artificial travertine mixture on the PET film, placing the die with the mixture in forming equipment, and performing high-frequency vibration press forming under a vacuum state, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.095 to-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 12-16MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 120-180S;
s5, demolding the formed inorganic artificial travertine, putting the inorganic artificial travertine and the PET film into a mold, feeding the inorganic artificial travertine and the PET film into a curing box for primary curing, curing for 24-30 hours in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%, demolding after the primary curing is finished, and performing secondary curing on the blank, wherein the curing environment temperature is controlled to 20-40 ℃, the humidity of more than or equal to 95% and the curing time is 14-28d, so that the cement-based plate is ensured to fully react and cure, and the processable degree is achieved
S6, finishing working procedures can be carried out after maintenance is finished, and working procedures such as thickness fixing, grinding, polishing, protection and the like can be carried out.
And S7, if the aggregate particles are insoluble solid material particles, flushing the polished semi-finished plate surface by using high-pressure circulating water after the step S6, flushing the aggregate particles on the semi-finished plate surface clean, wherein the aggregate particles and the plate have very low bonding strength, the high-pressure water flushing is easy to fall off, and irregular holes are formed after the high-pressure water flushing flows out.
If the aggregate particles are slow water-soluble solid material particles, high-pressure circulating water is not needed to be used for flushing, in the course of curing the blank in the step S5, the slow water-soluble solid material particles are automatically dissolved, holes are formed in the interior and the surface of the plate, and the holes are more similar to the natural travertine.
In a specific embodiment, the slurry produced by the fixed-thickness polishing in the step S6 is filtered, precipitated, dried and crushed into aggregates with different particle sizes by a crusher, and the aggregates can be used as aggregate particles.
In one embodiment, the particle size of the aggregate particles can be adjusted according to the size of the holes to be made.
In a specific embodiment, the artificial stone aggregate is at least one of industrial tailings, building solid waste or mine crushed aggregates, and can be manufactured through crushing processing.
In a specific embodiment, the particles of the slow water soluble solid material are particles made of one or a mixture of more than two of HPMC, industrial salt, rock candy, calcium chloride or urea.
In one embodiment, the insoluble solid material particles are particles made from one or a mixture of more than two of a slurry block, metakaolin, or paint.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-strength inorganic artificial travertine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing metakaolin and water, stirring for 2min to be similar to dough, primarily kneading and dispersing, drying, and crushing and screening according to the required particle size to obtain aggregate particles;
s2, putting cement, auxiliary cementing materials, fillers and artificial stone aggregate into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing and stirring for 2.5min, and then adding water and a polycarboxylate water reducer for wet mixing for 2.5min. After the stirring is finished, in order to ensure that the water content of the material is uniform and the material is suitable for compression molding, the total stirring time is 5min, and the inorganic artificial stone mixture is obtained;
s3, adding aggregate particles accounting for 5% of the inorganic artificial stone mixture into a high-speed mixer according to the weight ratio, and uniformly stirring with the inorganic artificial stone mixture for 1min to obtain an artificial travertine mixture;
s4, paving a PET film on the bottom of a forming die, uniformly distributing the artificial travertine mixture on the PET film, placing the die with the mixture in forming equipment, and performing high-frequency vibration compression forming in a vacuum state, wherein the vibration frequency is 60Hz, the vacuum degree is-0.095 MPa, the pressure is 12MPa, and the dwell time is 180S;
s5, placing the formed inorganic artificial travertine into a mould, feeding the mould into a curing box, curing for 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%, demoulding after the primary curing, and curing the blank for the second time with the curing environment temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%, wherein the curing time is 28 days, so that the cement-based plate is fully reacted and cured, and the processable degree is achieved.
S6, finishing working procedures can be carried out after maintenance is finished, and working procedures such as thickness fixing, grinding, polishing, protection and the like can be carried out.
S7, flushing the polished surface of the semi-finished plate by high-pressure circulating water, flushing aggregate particles on the surface of the semi-finished plate clean, and forming irregular holes after flushing and outflow of the high-pressure water, wherein the aggregate particles and the plate are very low in bonding strength.
Through detection, the 28d compressive strength of the inorganic artificial travertine prepared in the embodiment is 113.6MPa, and the 28d flexural strength is 23.3MPa.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-strength inorganic artificial travertine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and screening industrial salt according to the required particle size;
s2, putting cement, auxiliary cementing materials, fillers and artificial stone aggregates into a high-speed mixer for dry mixing and stirring for 5min, and then adding water and a polycarboxylate water reducer for wet stirring for 5min. After the stirring is finished, the total stirring time is 10min to obtain the inorganic artificial stone mixture, wherein the water content of the material is uniform and the material is suitable for compression molding;
s3, adding industrial salt accounting for 10% of the inorganic artificial stone mixture into a high-speed mixer according to the weight ratio, and uniformly stirring with the inorganic artificial stone mixture for 2min to obtain an artificial travertine mixture;
s4, paving a PET film on the bottom of a forming die, uniformly distributing the artificial travertine mixture on the PET film, placing the die with the mixture in forming equipment, and performing high-frequency vibration compression forming under a vacuum state, wherein the vibration frequency is 60Hz, the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 16MPa, and the dwell time is 120S;
s5, placing the formed inorganic artificial travertine into a mould, feeding the mould into a curing box, curing for 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%, demoulding after the primary curing, and curing the blank for the second time with the curing environment temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%, wherein the curing time is 28 days, so that the cement-based plate is fully reacted and cured, and the processable degree is achieved.
In the curing process, the industrial salt is automatically dissolved, and a hole structure is formed in the interior and the surface of the plate.
And S6, carrying out a finish machining process after curing, and carrying out processes such as thickness fixing, grinding, polishing, protection and the like to obtain the inorganic artificial travertine.
Through detection, the 28d compressive strength of the inorganic artificial travertine prepared in the embodiment is 112.5MPa, and the 28d flexural strength is 22.4MPa.
Comparative example 1
The slow water-soluble aggregate of this comparative example was metakaolin as in example 1. The difference is that the comparative example does not employ a vacuum high frequency vibration platen method. According to the comparative example, after metakaolin particles and an inorganic artificial stone mixture are mixed, a rough board is manufactured in a pouring molding mode, after maintenance, thickness fixing and polishing are carried out, and the surface of a board is washed by a high-pressure water gun, so that the inorganic artificial travertine is manufactured.
Through detection, the 28d compressive strength of the inorganic artificial travertine prepared in the comparative example is 72.7MPa, and the 28d flexural strength is 15.1MPa. The compressive strength and the flexural strength are obviously lower than those of the embodiment 1, which shows that the embodiment 1 adopts a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing plate method and plays an important role in improving the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the prepared artificial travertine.
Comparative example 2
The aggregate particles of this comparative example were industrial salts as in example 2. The difference is that the comparative example does not use a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing plate method. According to the comparative example, after industrial salt and inorganic artificial stone are mixed, a blank is manufactured in a pouring molding mode, and after maintenance, the blank is subjected to thickness fixing and polishing, so that the inorganic artificial travertine is manufactured. Because the inorganic artificial travertine mixture contains a large amount of water in the casting molding process, partial industrial salt is dissolved in the mixing process, so that the travertine effect is poor, and the casting molding is not suitable for other water-soluble solid matters in the invention.
Through detection, the 28d compressive strength of the inorganic artificial travertine prepared in the comparative example is 69.5MPa, and the 28d flexural strength is 14.2MPa. The surface of the obtained inorganic artificial travertine has almost no pore structure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the inorganic artificial travertine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing artificial stone aggregate, cement, auxiliary cementing material and filler to obtain an inorganic artificial stone mixture; uniformly mixing aggregate particles with the inorganic artificial stone mixture to obtain a dry mixed material;
the aggregate particles are slow water soluble solid material particles or insoluble solid material particles;
s2, pressing the dry blend obtained in the step S1 into a blank by a vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing mode;
the vibration frequency of the vacuum high-frequency vibration suppression is 10-60Hz;
s3, when the aggregate particles are slow water-soluble solid material particles, maintaining the blank, and polishing to obtain the modified aggregate;
when the aggregate particles are insoluble solid material particles, maintaining, fixing thickness and polishing the blank, and flushing the surface of the plate by high-pressure water to obtain the composite material;
the maintenance comprises the following steps: placing the blank plate in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95% for curing for 24-30h, demolding, and curing for 14-28d in an environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95%.
2. The method for producing an inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the artificial stone aggregate is at least one of industrial tailings, solid building wastes, and crushed mine materials.
3. The method for preparing inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the slow water soluble solid material particles are particles made of one or more of HPMC, industrial salt, rock candy, calcium chloride or urea.
4. The method for preparing inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the insoluble solid material particles are particles made of one or more of slurry particles, metakaolin and paint.
5. The method for preparing inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 4, wherein the slurry blocks are slurry particles obtained by granulating slurry precipitated in wastewater obtained by curing and polishing a blank in step S3.
6. The method for preparing inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mixing amount of the aggregate particles in the dry blend is 1-10 wt%; the mixing time of the aggregate particles and the inorganic artificial stone mixture is 1-2min.
7. The method for preparing inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the auxiliary gelling material is at least one of metakaolin and bentonite.
8. The method for preparing an inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the particle size of the aggregate particles is 0-16mm, and the particle size of the inorganic artificial travertine mixture is 0-16mm.
9. The method for producing an inorganic artificial travertine according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the vacuum degree of the vacuum high-frequency vibration pressing is-0.095 to-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 12 to 16MPa, and the dwell time is 120 to 180S.
10. The inorganic artificial travertine prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the surface or the surface and the interior of the inorganic artificial travertine have a plurality of randomly distributed, irregularly sized and irregularly shaped pore structures.
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