CN117638821A - Power distribution device and charging pile - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a power distribution device and fill electric pile, power distribution device includes a plurality of power supply terminal and a plurality of load terminal, and power distribution matrix, first switch module, a plurality of power on-off switch, a plurality of load on-off switch, power supply terminal are used for connecting the module that charges, and load terminal is used for connecting the load. The power distribution matrix comprises a plurality of switches, and two ends of the power distribution matrix are respectively connected with a plurality of power supply terminals and a plurality of load terminals; one end of the first switch module is connected with at least one power terminal through a power switching switch, and the other end of the first switch module is connected with at least one load terminal through a load switching switch. The power distribution device provided by the application can isolate faults by means of self-capacity and has the capacity of independently isolating faults, so that the faults can be actively isolated when the faults occur, and the safety and the reliability of a system are improved.

Description

Power distribution device and charging pile

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of charging, in particular to a power distribution device and a charging pile.

Background

With the development of electric automobile charging service, the market has increasingly higher requirements on the power level of a charging system. In the existing charging complete machine architecture, a mechanical switch mainly comprising a contactor is mostly adopted as a charging power distribution loop, as shown in fig. 1. The architecture controls the mechanical switch to be closed or opened through the control unit so as to control whether the power module outputs power to the output port, and the mechanical switch is widely used due to low cost and low loss. However, the architecture has no fault isolation capability, and once a system fails, the system can only break the fault by means of front and rear power distribution devices, such as fuses or circuit breakers in a power module and a load.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a power distribution device and electric pile that fills, when the system takes place the short circuit, need not to rely on the distribution device of front and back level to break the trouble, rely on self ability can keep apart the trouble, possess the ability of independently keeping apart the trouble to can initiatively keep apart the trouble when the trouble takes place, promote the security and the reliability of system.

In a first aspect, a power distribution device is provided, the power distribution device including a plurality of power terminals and a plurality of load terminals, a power distribution matrix, a first switch module, a plurality of power on-off switches, a plurality of load on-off switches, the power terminals for connecting a charging module, and the load terminals for connecting a load. The power distribution matrix comprises a plurality of switches, and two ends of the power distribution matrix are respectively connected with a plurality of power supply terminals and a plurality of load terminals; one end of the first switch module is connected with at least one power terminal through a power switching switch, and the other end of the first switch module is connected with at least one load terminal through a load switching switch.

In this embodiment of the application, because power distribution device includes first switch module, a plurality of power on-off switch and a plurality of load on-off switch, and at least one power terminal is passed through to the one end of first switch module, the other end of first switch module passes through load on-off switch and connects at least one load terminal, when charging module or load short circuit, can break short-circuit current through the closure or the shutoff of switch among first switch module, a plurality of power on-off switch, a plurality of load on-off switch and the power distribution matrix, power distribution device relies on self ability can keep apart the trouble that causes because charging module or load short circuit promptly, possess the ability of independently keeping apart the trouble, thereby can initiatively keep apart the trouble in time when the trouble takes place, promote system's security and reliability.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to: and under the condition that the charging module connected with the power supply terminal or the load connected with the load terminal is short-circuited, closing the first switch module, the short-circuited charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuited load, opening the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load, and opening the first switch module.

In this embodiment of the present application, when a charging module or a load is shorted, a short-circuit current may be disconnected through a closing or closing process of a first switch module, a plurality of power supply switching switches, a plurality of load switching switches, and a switch in a power distribution matrix, that is, a power distribution device may isolate a fault caused by the charging module or the load is shorted by means of its own capability, and has an autonomous fault isolation capability, so that a fault may be actively and timely isolated when the fault occurs, thereby improving safety and reliability of a system.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to close the first switch module, the shorted charging module, or the shorted load-connected power supply switch and the load switch, open the switch in the shorted charging module or the shorted load-connected power distribution matrix, and open the first switch module includes: the power distribution device is used for: and firstly closing the first switch module, the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch which are correspondingly connected with the short-circuit load, then opening the switch in the power distribution matrix which is correspondingly connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load, and finally opening the first switch module.

In this embodiment, under the condition that the charging module connected by the power terminal or the load connected by the load terminal is shorted, the first switch module, the shorted charging module or the shorted power switch and the load switch connected by the load are closed first, so that the fault current is gradually switched to the path where the first switch module is located, and then the switch in the shorted charging module or the shorted power distribution matrix is opened. At the moment, the current flowing through the switch in the power distribution matrix is smaller, even if the switch in the power distribution matrix is disconnected, the switch in the power distribution matrix can be prevented from generating arcing, and the contacts of the switch in the power distribution matrix are prevented from being easily adhered to each other, so that the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged. When the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, the first switch module is disconnected finally, so that the fault current can be disconnected, the fault current is prevented from flowing into other devices, and the influence on the other devices is reduced.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to close the first switch module, the shorted charging module, or the shorted load-connected power switch and load switch first, and the power distribution device includes: the power distribution device is used for: the method comprises the steps of firstly closing a short-circuit charging module or a power supply switching switch and a load switching switch which are connected with a short-circuit load, and then closing a first switch module.

In this embodiment, under the condition of the short circuit of the charging module or the load, the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load are limited with the closing time sequence of the first switch module, namely, the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load connected power supply switching switch and the load switching switch are closed firstly, and then the first switch module is closed, so that the breakdown of the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load connected power supply switching switch and the load switching switch can be avoided, and the adhesion between the contacts of the power supply switching switch or between the contacts of the load switching switch can also be avoided.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the maximum breaking short-circuit current of the first switch module is greater than the maximum breaking short-circuit current of the switches in the power distribution matrix.

In this embodiment of the application, when charging module or load short circuit, through first switch module, a plurality of power on-off switch, a plurality of load on-off switch can switch short circuit current on the route that first switch module is located, because the biggest breaking short circuit current of first switch module is greater than the biggest breaking short circuit current of the switch in the power distribution matrix, therefore, first switch module can bear great short circuit current, even break first switch module, first switch module also can not receive the damage to can prolong the life-span of the switch in the first switch module, increase the reliability of switch.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, a power switch is connected between one end of the first switch module and each power terminal, and a load switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module and each load terminal.

In this embodiment of the present application, because a power switch is connected between one end of the first switch module and each power terminal, a load switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module and each load terminal, so when any charging module or load is shorted, the switch of short-circuit current can be realized through the first switch module, the power switch connected with the shorted charging module or the load switch connected with the shorted load, i.e. the short-circuit current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, not only the safety and the reliability of the system can be improved, but also the cost can be reduced.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device further includes a plurality of second switch modules. Each of the plurality of second switch modules is connected between a different power terminal and the power distribution matrix, and the switches in the second switch modules are solid-state switches or mechanical switches with arc extinguishing functions.

In the embodiment of the application, under the condition that the system is short-circuited, by controlling the first switch module, the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited power supply switching switch and the load switching switch which are connected with each other, the short-circuited charging module and the short-circuited load are connected with the second switch module, and the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited power distribution matrix is connected with the on or off process of the switch, faults can be actively and timely isolated, and the safety of the system is improved. In addition, the generation of the switch arcing phenomenon in the power distribution matrix can be reduced, and the adhesion of the switch in the power distribution matrix is avoided, so that the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be prolonged.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to: under the condition that a charging module connected with a power terminal or a load connected with a load terminal is short-circuited, a first switch module, a short-circuited charging module or a power switch and a load switch connected with the short-circuited load are firstly closed, then the short-circuited charging module and a second switch module connected with the short-circuited load are disconnected, then a switch in a power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load is disconnected, and finally the first switch module is disconnected.

In the embodiment of the application, under the condition that a short circuit occurs in the system, the first switch module, the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit power supply switching switch and the load switching switch which are connected with the load are firstly closed, then the short-circuit charging module and the short-circuit second switch module which are connected with the load are disconnected, then the switch in the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit power distribution matrix is disconnected, finally the first switch module is disconnected, the fault can be actively and timely isolated, and the safety of the system is improved. In addition, after the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, the second switch module is disconnected firstly, so that the current of the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load is reduced, even if the switch in the power distribution matrix is disconnected, the generation of the switch arcing phenomenon in the power distribution matrix can be reduced due to the fact that the current of the switch in the power distribution matrix is smaller, the adhesion of the switch in the power distribution matrix is avoided, and the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be prolonged.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to close the first switch module, the shorted charging module, or the shorted load-connected power switch and load switch first, and the power distribution device includes: the power distribution device is used for: the method comprises the steps of firstly closing a short-circuit charging module or a power supply switching switch and a load switching switch which are connected with a short-circuit load, and then closing a first switch module.

In this embodiment, under the condition of the short circuit of the charging module or the load, the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load and the closing time sequence of the first switch module are limited, namely, the short circuit charging module or the short circuit power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the load are closed firstly, and then the first switch module is closed, so that the breakdown of the short circuit charging module or the short circuit power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the load can be avoided, and the adhesion between the contacts of the short circuit charging module or the short circuit power supply switching switch and between the contacts of the load switching switch can also be avoided.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is further configured to: when a load needs to be charged through a charging module, firstly closing a switch in a power distribution matrix connected with the load, and then closing a second switch module connected with the charging module; when the charging module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected.

In the embodiment of the application, when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is closed first, and then the second switch module connected with the charging module is closed, so that adhesion between contacts of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged. When the charging module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be effectively reduced, the adhesion between contacts of the switch is reduced, the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged, and further, the safety of the system can be improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is further configured to: when the charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other power switch, or when one charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other switch in the power distribution matrix, the second switch module connected with the at least one switch is firstly opened, then the at least one switch is opened, then the at least one other switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected with the at least one other switch is closed.

In this embodiment, when the charging module is switched from charging to another load, or when one charging module is switched from charging to another load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix, the second switch module connected with the at least one switch may be opened first, then the at least one switch is opened, then the at least one switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected with the at least one switch is closed, thereby reducing the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix, reducing the adhesion between contacts of the switch, and prolonging the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to open at least one switch and then close another at least one switch includes: the power distribution means is for opening the at least one switch if the at least one switch meets at least one of the following conditions: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold; the at least one other switch is closed in response to the opening of the at least one switch.

In this embodiment of the present application, under the condition that at least one switch satisfies the relevant condition, even if the switch is turned off, the switch will not generate arcing phenomenon, so as to avoid adhesion of the switch. In response to the opening of the at least one switch, the power distribution device closes the other at least one switch, i.e. when the other at least one switch is closed, no current is present in the path of the charging module for charging the load, so that even if the other at least one switch is closed, no arcing phenomenon occurs in the switch, and thus adhesion of the switch can be avoided.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the maximum breaking current of the switches in the second switch module is greater than the maximum breaking current of each switch in the power distribution matrix.

In the embodiment of the application, the mechanical switch in the second switch module should be selected from devices with higher power levels than the mechanical switch in the power distribution matrix, that is, the maximum breaking current of the mechanical switch in the second switch module is larger than the maximum breaking current of the mechanical switch in the power distribution matrix, so as to protect the mechanical switch in the power distribution matrix and prolong the service life of the mechanical switch in the power distribution matrix.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to open the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load if the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load meets at least one of the following conditions; the conditions include: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold.

In the embodiment of the application, under the condition that the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load meets the relevant condition, even if the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected, the switch will not generate arcing phenomenon, so that the adhesion between contacts of the switch is reduced, the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged, and further, the safety of the system can be improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power switches in the power distribution matrix are solid state switches or mechanical switches with arc extinguishing function.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the switch in the first switch module is a solid state switch.

In this embodiment of the application, the switch in the first switch module is the solid-state switch, therefore, the arcing phenomenon can not appear when the first switch module is disconnected, can prolong the life-span of the switch in the first switch module.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution apparatus further includes a controller configured to: under the condition that the current value on a path of the charging module for charging the load through the power distribution matrix is larger than a short-circuit current threshold value, the first switch module is controlled to be closed, the charging module or a power supply switching switch and a load switching switch connected with the load are controlled to be closed, the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the charging module or the load is controlled to be opened, and then the first switch module is controlled to be opened.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible design, the first switch module includes a plurality of groups of switch tubes and an energy absorbing module, the switch tubes in each group of switch tubes are connected in series, the plurality of groups of switch tubes are connected in parallel, and the energy absorbing module is connected in parallel with any group of switch tubes, and the energy absorbing module is used for absorbing the residual energy in the circuit.

In a second aspect, a power distribution device is provided, the power distribution device includes a plurality of power terminals and a plurality of load terminals, the power distribution matrix, a plurality of second switch modules, the power terminals are used for connecting the charging modules, and the load terminals are used for connecting loads. Two ends of the power distribution matrix are respectively connected with a plurality of power terminals and a plurality of load terminals; each of the plurality of second switch modules is connected between a different charging module and the power distribution matrix, and the switches in the second switch modules are solid-state switches or mechanical switches with arc extinguishing functions.

With reference to the second aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to: when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, a switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is closed, and then a second switch module connected with the charging module is closed.

With reference to the second aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is further configured to: when the charging module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected.

With reference to the second aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to: the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load is disconnected in case the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load fulfils at least one of the following conditions. The conditions include: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold.

With reference to the second aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is further configured to: when the charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other power switch, or when one charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other switch in the power distribution matrix, the second switch module connected with the at least one switch is firstly opened, then the at least one switch is opened, then the at least one other switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected with the at least one other switch is closed.

With reference to the second aspect, in one possible design, the power distribution device is configured to open at least one switch and then close another at least one switch includes: the power distribution device is used for: the at least one switch is opened in case the at least one switch fulfils at least one of the following conditions: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold; the at least one other switch is closed in response to the opening of the at least one switch.

With reference to the second aspect, in one possible design, the maximum breaking current of the second switch module is greater than the maximum breaking current of each switch in the power distribution matrix.

Any possible design of the second aspect may relate to the technical effects that may be achieved, please refer to the description of the technical effects that may be achieved by any possible design of the first aspect, and the detailed description is not repeated here.

In a third aspect, a charging pile is provided, the charging pile comprises a plurality of charging modules, a plurality of charging guns and a power distribution device which is possibly designed in the first aspect or any one of the first aspect, a plurality of power terminals of the power distribution device are connected with the plurality of charging modules, a plurality of load terminals of the power distribution device are connected with the plurality of charging guns, and the charging guns are used for being connected with loads.

Any of the third aspects may relate to the technical effects that may be achieved, and reference is made to the description of the technical effects that may be achieved by any of the possible designs of the first aspect, which is not repeated here.

In a fourth aspect, a charging pile is provided, the charging pile comprises a plurality of charging modules, a plurality of charging guns and a power distribution device which is possibly designed in any one of the second aspect or the second aspect, a plurality of power terminals of the power distribution device are connected with the plurality of charging modules, a plurality of load terminals of the power distribution device are connected with the plurality of charging guns, and the charging guns are used for being connected with loads.

Any possible technical effect of the fourth aspect may be referred to as the technical effect of any possible design of the second aspect, and the description thereof is not repeated here.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the charging system shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution device.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of still another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a charging module switching charging object according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another charging module switching charging object according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a charging module switching a charging object and a charging source for charging a load according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of different topologies of a switching tube in a first switching module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of still another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, "/" means or, for example, a/B may represent a or B; "and/or" herein is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone.

In the embodiment of the present application, prefix words such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish different description objects, and there is no limitation on the location, order, priority, number, content, or the like of the described objects. The use of ordinal words and the like in the embodiments of the present application to distinguish between the prefix words describing the object does not impose limitations on the described object, and statements of the described object are to be read in light of the claims or the description of the context of the embodiments and should not be construed as unnecessary limitations due to the use of such prefix words. In addition, in the description of the present embodiment, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In order to facilitate understanding of the solutions of the present application, technical terms that may be involved will be briefly described below.

Arcing phenomenon: when the voltage across the mechanical switch is greater than a certain threshold, the voltage across the mechanical switch breaks down air when the mechanical switch is turned off, causing the air to be ionized, thereby generating an arcing phenomenon.

Adhesion phenomenon: when the mechanical switch is closed or opened, electric sparks can be generated between a fixed contact and a movable contact of the mechanical switch, so that adhesion occurs between the contacts of the mechanical switch.

Piezoresistor: a resistor device with nonlinear volt-ampere characteristic is mainly used for voltage clamping when a circuit bears overvoltage and absorbing redundant current to protect sensitive devices.

The present application may be applied to a system in which a power supply device and a load are mutually charged through a power distribution matrix. In particular, for a system including a charging pile and an electric vehicle, the charging pile may use electric energy from a power grid to charge the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle may also reversely output its own electric energy to the power grid.

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a structure of a charging system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.

In combination with (a) in fig. 1 and (b) in fig. 1, the charging system 10 may include a charging pile 11 and an electric vehicle 12, and the charging pile 11 may be configured to receive an ac power output from the external power grid 20, convert the ac power into a stable dc power, and then deliver the stable dc power to the electric vehicle 12 to charge the electric vehicle 12. Alternatively, the electric vehicle 12 may output electric power back to the external power grid 20.

In some embodiments, as shown in (a) of fig. 1, the charging stake 11 may include a charging device 111, at least one charging terminal 112, and at least one charging gun 113. Wherein the charging device 111 may be electrically connected to the at least one charging terminal 112, and the at least one charging terminal 112 may be electrically connected to the at least one charging gun 113. In particular implementations, one charging terminal 112 may be electrically connected to one or more charging guns 113.

The charging device 111 may include a plurality of power conversion devices, which may convert ac power from the external power grid 20 into stable dc power and transmit the stable dc power to the charging terminal 112. The plurality of power conversion devices may include, for example, an alternating current-to-direct current (AC-DC) conversion device and a direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) conversion device. The charging terminal 112 transmits the stabilized direct current to the electric vehicle 12 through the charging gun 113 to charge the electric vehicle 12.

Charging terminal 112 may include a housing, a human-machine interface, a charging control unit, a metering charging unit, etc., and may be configured to interact with electric vehicle 12, transfer energy, meter charging, etc.

The electric vehicle 12 may be a vehicle that is driven by electric energy. The electric vehicle 12 may be a pure electric vehicle (pure electric vehicle/battery electric vehicle, pure EV/battery EV), a hybrid electric vehicle (hybrid electric vehicle, HEV), an extended range electric vehicle (range extended electric vehicle, REEV), or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), etc.

In other embodiments, as shown in (b) of fig. 1, the charging post 11 may directly include a man-machine interface, a charging control unit, a metering charging unit, and the like in the charging device 11, so that the charging post 11 may include only the charging device 111, and at least one charging gun 113 electrically connected to the charging device 111, excluding the charging terminal 112. The plurality of power conversion devices in the charging device 111 may convert the ac power from the external power grid 20 into a stable dc power and then directly transmit the dc power to the electric vehicle 12 through the charging gun 113.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the charging system 10 shown in fig. 1. The charging device 111 may include a plurality of AC-DC conversion devices 1111, DC-DC conversion devices 1112, a direct current bus 1113, and a power distribution device 1114, among others.

An input terminal of the plurality of AC-DC conversion devices 1111 may be connected to the external power grid 20, and an output terminal of the plurality of AC-DC conversion devices 1111 may be connected to the direct current bus 1113. That is, a plurality of AC-DC conversion devices 1111 may be connected in parallel between the external power grid 20 and the direct current bus 1113. Among them, the AC-DC conversion devices 1111 may be used to receive AC power from the external power grid 20, convert the AC power into DC power, and output the DC power through the DC bus 1113.

An input of the DC-DC converter 1112 may be connected to the DC bus 1113, and an output of the DC-DC converter 1112 may be connected to the charging terminal 112 via the power distribution device 1114. The DC-DC conversion device 1112 may receive the direct current output by the plurality of power conversion devices 1111 through the DC bus 1113, further convert the direct current into a direct current suitable for the vehicle 12, and transmit the direct current to the power distribution device 1114, and the power distribution device 1114 may dynamically distribute the direct current output by the plurality of DC-DC conversion devices 1112 according to the charging power actually required by the vehicle, where the distributed charging power is transmitted to the vehicle 12 through the charging terminal 112, so as to charge the vehicle 12.

As described above, the power distribution device 1114 may dynamically distribute the direct current output by the plurality of DC-DC conversion devices 1112 according to the charging power actually required by the vehicle, however, with the development of the electric vehicle charging service, the market has increasingly demanded higher power levels of the charging system. In the existing charging complete machine architecture, a power distribution device mostly adopts a mechanical switch mainly comprising a contactor to form a charging power distribution loop, as shown in fig. 3, the power distribution device comprises n groups of mechanical switches K1-K5, each charging module is connected to each output end through one group of mechanical switches K1-K5, and a control unit controls the mechanical switches K1-K5 to be closed or opened, so that whether the power distribution device outputs power to the output ports or not can be controlled, and the power distribution device is widely used due to low cost and low loss of the mechanical switches. However, the power distribution device has no fault isolation capability, once the system fails, the fault can be disconnected only by virtue of front and rear power distribution devices, such as fuses or circuit breakers in the charging module and the load, but the charging module and the load are easily damaged in the mode.

Based on this, this application provides a power distribution device, when the system takes place the short circuit, need not to rely on the distribution device breaking fault of preceding back level, rely on self ability can keep apart the trouble, possess the ability of independently keeping apart the trouble to can initiatively keep apart the trouble when the trouble takes place, promote the security and the reliability of system.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution apparatus 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. The power distribution apparatus 400 includes a plurality of power terminals 410 and a plurality of load terminals 412, a power distribution matrix 414, a first switch module 416, a plurality of power switching switches 418, a plurality of load switching switches 420, the power terminals 410 for connecting the charging modules, and the load terminals 412 for connecting the loads.

The power distribution matrix 414 includes a plurality of switches, and both ends of the power distribution matrix 414 are respectively connected to the plurality of power terminals 410 and the plurality of load terminals 412. One end of the first switch module 416 is connected to at least one power terminal 410 through a power switch 418, and the other end of the first switch module 416 is connected to at least one load terminal 412 through a load switch 420.

The power distribution apparatus 400 in the embodiment of the present application may be understood as the power distribution apparatus 1114 in fig. 2 described above, where the power distribution apparatus 400 includes, in addition to the power distribution matrix 414, a first switch module 416, a plurality of power switching switches 418, and a plurality of load switching switches 420. The first switch module 416, the plurality of power switching switches 418, and the plurality of load switching switches 420 can actively and timely break the fault through the on and off of the switches when the system fails, so as to prevent the fault current from diffusing to other devices, resulting in the damage of the other devices.

The first switch module 416 includes a plurality of solid state devices connected in series and parallel, and the number of the solid state devices connected in series and parallel in the first switch module 416 is determined by the system voltage and current level. The higher the system voltage level, the more solid state devices connected in series in the first switch module 416, the higher the system current level, and the more solid state devices connected in parallel in the first switch module 416.

Solid state devices in embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, insulated gate bipolar transistors (insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBTs), integrated gate commutated thyristors (integrated gate commutated thyristor, IGCTs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), junction field-effect transistor, JFETs, junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), gate-turn-off thyristors (GTOs), gallium nitride (GaN), and the like.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus 400 is configured to: in the event that the charging module to which the power terminal 410 is connected or the load to which the load terminal 412 is connected is shorted, the first switch module 416, the shorted charging module or the shorted load connected power switching switch 418 and the load switching switch 420 are closed, the switches in the shorted charging module or the shorted load connected power distribution matrix 414 are opened, and the first switch module 416 is opened.

In this embodiment, taking the charging module 1 with the power terminal connected to charge the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix as an example, assuming that the charging module 1 is short-circuited, under the condition that the charging module 1 is short-circuited, the first switch module 416 is closed, the power switch connected to the charging module 1 corresponds to the charging module and the load switch connected to the load 1 corresponds to the charging module 1, and the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the charging module 1 corresponds to the charging module is opened. Because the first switch module 416, the power switch correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, and the load switch correspondingly connected to the load 1 are closed, the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 is opened, which is equivalent to that the loop impedance of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix is far smaller than the loop impedance of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, so that the fault current does not flow to the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, but flows to the load 1 through the power switch correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, the first switch module 416 and the power switch correspondingly connected to the load 1, so that the fault current is switched on the path where the first switch module 416 is located, when the fault current is switched on the path where the first switch module 416 is located, the first switch module 416 is opened, and at this time the fault current is completely opened, i.e. the fault current caused by the short circuit of the charging module 1 does not flow to the load 1, so that the fault current in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 can be prevented from shorting to the switch and the load 1. In the fault isolation process, the power distribution device can isolate faults caused by short circuits of the charging modules by means of self-capacity and has the capacity of independently isolating the faults, so that the faults can be actively and timely isolated when the faults occur, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.

Similarly, assuming that the load 1 is shorted, in the case of shorting of the load 1, the first switch module 416, the power switch connected to the charging module 1, and the load switch connected to the load 1 are closed, and the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load 1 is opened. Because the first switch module 416, the power switch correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, and the load switch correspondingly connected to the load 1 are closed, the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the load 1 is opened, which is equivalent to that the loop impedance of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch and the first switch module is far smaller than the loop impedance of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, therefore, the fault current does not flow to the charging module 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, but flows to the charging module 1 through the power switch correspondingly connected to the load 1, the power switch correspondingly connected to the first switch module 416 and the charging module 1, and the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located. When the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located, the first switch module 416 is turned off, so that the fault current is completely turned off, that is, the fault current caused by the short circuit of the load 1 does not flow to the charging module 1, so that the short circuit of the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the load 1 and the charging module 1 can be avoided. In the fault isolation process, the power distribution device can isolate faults caused by load short circuits by means of self-capacity and has the capacity of independently isolating the faults, so that the faults can be actively and timely isolated when the faults occur, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.

In one embodiment, a power distribution apparatus for closing a first switch module, a shorted charge module, or a shorted load connected power supply and load switch, opening a switch in a shorted charge module or shorted load connected power distribution matrix, opening the first switch module comprises: the power distribution device is used for: the method comprises the steps of firstly closing a power supply switching switch and a load switching switch which are correspondingly connected with a first switch module, a short-circuit charging module or a short-circuit load, opening a switch in a power distribution matrix which is correspondingly connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load, and then opening the first switch module.

In this embodiment, taking the charging module 1 with the power terminal connected to charge the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix as an example, assuming that the charging module 1 is short-circuited, under the condition that the charging module 1 is short-circuited, the first switch module 416 is firstly closed, the power switch connected to the charging module 1 corresponds to the power switch and the load switch connected to the load 1 corresponds to the power switch, and the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the charging module 1 is disconnected, so that the fault current does not flow to the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, but flows to the load 1 through the power switch connected to the load 1 corresponds to the power switch, and the power switch connected to the first switch module 416 and the charging module 1 corresponds to the power switch, thereby switching the fault current to the path where the first switch module 416 is located. Then, the first switch module 416 is turned off, so that the fault current can be turned off, that is, the fault current caused by the short circuit of the charging module 1 does not flow to the load 1, so that the short circuit of the switch in the power distribution matrix and the load 1, which are correspondingly connected with the charging module 1, can be avoided.

Similarly, assuming that the load 1 is short-circuited, in the case of the short-circuited load 1, the first switch module 416, the power switch correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, and the load switch correspondingly connected to the load 1 are first closed, and the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the load 1 is opened. In this way, the fault current does not flow to the charging module 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, but flows to the charging module 1 through the power switch correspondingly connected to the load 1, the first switch module 416 and the power switch correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, so that the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located. Then, the first switch module 416 is turned off again, so that the fault current is completely turned off, that is, the fault current caused by the short circuit of the load 1 does not flow to the charging module 1, so that the short circuit of the switch in the power distribution matrix connected correspondingly to the load 1 and the charging module 1 can be avoided.

In the embodiment of the application, the first switch module, the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load are closed first, so that the fault current can be switched to the path where the first switch module is located, namely, the fault current does not pass through the switch in the power distribution matrix any more, and the switch in the power distribution matrix can be protected. When the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, the first switch module is disconnected, so that the fault current can be disconnected, the fault current is prevented from flowing into other devices, and the influence on the other devices is reduced.

In one embodiment, the maximum breaking short circuit current of the first switch module is greater than the maximum breaking short circuit current of the switches in the power distribution matrix.

In this embodiment, taking the charging module 1 with the power terminal connected to charge the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix as an example, if the charging module 1 is short-circuited, the short-circuit current is firstly switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located when the charging module 1 is short-circuited. When the short-circuit current is switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located, the first switch module 416 is disconnected, and since the maximum breaking short-circuit current of the first switch module 416 is greater than the maximum breaking short-circuit current of the switches in the power distribution matrix, the first switch module 416 can bear the greater short-circuit current, and even if the first switch module 416 is disconnected, the first switch module 416 is not damaged, so that the service life of the switches in the first switch module can be prolonged, and the reliability of the switches can be increased.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the maximum breaking short-circuit current of the switching switch may not be set to be greater than the maximum breaking short-circuit current of the switches in the power distribution matrix, because, when the short-circuit current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, the short-circuit current can be disconnected by means of the first switch module, and when the switching switch is disconnected, the current on the switching switch is already reduced, and even if the switching switch is disconnected, the switching switch is not damaged.

It should be noted that, since the switching of the switch is instantaneous, it is only required that the instantaneous short-circuit current which can be borne by the first switch module, the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch is larger than the instantaneous short-circuit current of the switch in the power distribution matrix. Therefore, when the short-circuit current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, the first switch module, the power switch and the load switch can bear the instant short-circuit current, and damage is not caused.

The connection relationship between the first switch module and the power terminal and the load terminal, and the operation of the power distribution device when the system is short-circuited will be further described.

In one embodiment, a power switch is connected between one end of the first switch module 416 and each power terminal, and a load switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module 416 and each load terminal.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 5, a power switch is connected between one end of the first switch module 416 and each power terminal. For example, the power supply terminal 1 is connected to the charging module 1, the power supply switching switch Vs1 is connected between one end of the first switch module 416 and the power supply terminal 1, the power supply terminal 2 is connected to the charging module 2, the power supply switching switches Vs2, … … are connected between one end of the first switch module 416 and the power supply terminal 2, the power supply terminal n is connected to the charging module n, and the power supply switching switch Vsn is connected between one end of the first switch module 416 and the power supply terminal n.

A load switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module 416 and each load terminal. For example, the load terminal 1 is connected to the load 1, the load switching switch Vd1 is connected between the other end of the first switch module 416 and the load terminal 1, the load terminal 2 is connected to the load 2, the load switching switches Vd2 and … … are connected between the other end of the first switch module 416 and the load terminal 2, the load terminal n is connected to the load n, and the load switching switch Vdn is connected between the other end of the first switch module 416 and the load terminal n.

In this embodiment, the first switch module 416 includes a plurality of solid state devices connected in series and parallel. The first switch module is illustrated in fig. 5 as including n x 2 solid state devices, and referring to fig. 5, it can be seen that the solid state devices in the first switch module 416 that are connected to the power and load switching switches include switches S1 and S1, S2 and S2', and Sn'.

Because one end of the first switch module is connected with each power terminal, and one load switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module and each load terminal, the first switch module 416 and the corresponding power switch and load switch in the embodiment of the application can break fault current for any charging module or load short circuit, so that fault isolation is realized.

For example, in the case that the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix and the charging module 2 charges the load 2 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, if the load 1 is shorted, all the switches in the first switch module are closed, the power switch Vs1 and the load switch Vd1 are turned off, the switch in the power distribution matrix 414 corresponding to the load 1 is turned off, and then the switch in the first switch module 416 is turned off, so that the fault can be isolated when the load 1 fails, and the safety of the system is improved.

If the load 2 is shorted, all the switches in the first switch module are closed, the power supply switching switch Vs2 and the load switching switch Vd2 are opened, the switch corresponding to the load 2 in the power distribution matrix 414 is opened, and then the switch in the first switch module 416 is opened, so that the fault can be isolated when the load 2 is broken, and the safety of the system is improved. Based on this circuit design, a similar approach can be used to isolate faults for any other load or charging module short circuit.

Because any load or charging module is short-circuited in the embodiment of the application, the switching of the short-circuit current can be realized through the first switch module, the power supply switching switch connected with the short-circuited charging module or the load switching switch connected with the short-circuited load, namely, the short-circuit current is switched to a path where the first switch module is located. The switch module is not required to be arranged on a circuit between each charging module and the load, so that the cost can be reduced.

In addition, the first switch module 416 in the embodiment of the present application further includes a varistor, which may absorb the remaining energy stored in the circuit. For example, when the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, if the load 1 is shorted, the fault current is switched to the path of the first switch module by closing or opening the switch in the power distribution device, and then the switch in the first switch module 416 is opened, at this time, the fault current is completely broken. But the charging module 1 still has energy remaining on the power path for charging the load 1 through the power switch Vs1, the first switch module, and the load switch Vd1, and the energy can be absorbed by the piezoresistor in the first switch module, so that the short-circuit fault is successfully isolated.

In this embodiment of the present application, because a power switch is connected between one end of the first switch module and each power terminal, a load switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module and each load terminal, so when any charging module or load is shorted, the switch of short-circuit current can be realized through the first switch module, the power switch connected with the shorted charging module or the load switch connected with the shorted load, i.e. the short-circuit current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, not only the safety and the reliability of the system can be improved, but also the cost can be reduced.

Fault isolation is achieved by controlling the closing and opening of the switches in the power distribution apparatus when the system fails, as will be described further below.

In one embodiment, a power distribution apparatus for closing a first switch module, a shorted charge module, or a shorted load connected power supply and load switch, opening a switch in a shorted charge module or shorted load connected power distribution matrix comprises: the power distribution device is used for firstly closing the first switch module, the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch which are connected with the short-circuit load, and then opening the switch in the power distribution matrix which is connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load.

In this embodiment, under the condition that the charging module or the load is shorted, the first switch module, the shorted charging module or the shorted load are correspondingly connected to the power switching switch and the load switching switch, and the closing and closing time sequence of the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the shorted charging module or the shorted load is limited, that is, the first switch module, the shorted charging module or the shorted load is firstly closed to the power switching switch and the load switching switch correspondingly connected to the shorted load, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the shorted charging module or the shorted load is opened, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be avoided.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, taking charging of the charging module 1 to the load 1 through the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix as an example, assuming that the load 1 is short-circuited, under the condition that the load 1 is short-circuited, the first switch module 416 is closed, the power supply switching switch Vs1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 and the load switching switch Vd1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 are first closed, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 is opened. The first switch module 416, the power supply switching switch Vs1 correspondingly connected with the charging module 1 and the load switching switch Vd1 correspondingly connected with the load 1 are firstly closed, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected with the charging module 1 is opened, so that the fault current can be switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located, and the arcing phenomenon of the switch S11 can be reduced. This is because, if the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 is turned off first, the short-circuit current on the switch S11 is very large, the current flowing through the switch S11 is far greater than the rated current of the switch S11, and when the switch S11 is turned off, the current on the switch S11 breaks down the air to cause the air to be ionized, so that the switch S11 generates an arcing phenomenon, which leads to easy adhesion between contacts of the switch S11, and reduces the service life of the switch S11.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, under the condition that the charging module connected by the power terminal or the load connected by the load terminal is short-circuited, the first switch module, the short-circuited charging module or the power switch and the load switch correspondingly connected by the short-circuited load are closed first, so that the fault current is gradually switched to the path where the first switch module is located, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected by the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load is opened. At the moment, the current flowing through the switch in the power distribution matrix is smaller, even if the switch in the power distribution matrix is disconnected, the switch in the power distribution matrix can be prevented from generating arcing, and the contacts of the switch in the power distribution matrix are prevented from being easily adhered to each other, so that the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged.

In one embodiment, a power distribution apparatus for closing a first switch module, a shorted charging module, or a shorted load-connected power and load-on-off switch includes: the power distribution device is used for closing the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuit load, and then closing the first switch module.

Referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix, and assuming that the load 1 is short-circuited, under the condition that the load 1 is short-circuited, the power switch Vs1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 and the load switch Vd1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 are closed first, the first switch module 416 is closed, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 is opened. The power switch Vs1 correspondingly connected with the charging module 1 and the load switch Vd1 correspondingly connected with the load 1 are closed firstly, then the first switch module 416 is closed, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected with the charging module 1 is opened, so that not only can the fault current be switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located, but also the breakdown of the power switch Vs1 or the load switch Vd1 and the adhesion between contacts of the power switch Vs1 or the load switch Vd1 can be avoided. This is because, when the first switch module 416 is closed first and then the power switch Vs1 is closed, the voltage across the charging module is directly applied to the load switch Vd2, which easily causes the breakdown of the load switch Vd 2. In the next step, even if the load switch Vd1 is not broken down, the contacts of the load switch Vd1 are easily stuck when the load switch Vd1 is closed due to a large voltage across the load switch Vd 1. Similarly, if the first switch module 416 is closed first and then the load switch Vd1 is closed, the voltage across the charging module is directly applied to the power switch Vs1, which easily causes the power switch Vs1 to break down. In the next step, even if the power switch Vs1 is not broken down, the contacts of the power switch Vs1 are easily stuck when the power switch Vs1 is turned on due to the large voltage across the power switch Vs 1.

In this embodiment, under the condition of the short circuit of the charging module or the load, the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load are limited with the closing time sequence of the first switch module, namely, the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load connected power supply switching switch and the load switching switch are closed firstly, and then the first switch module is closed, so that the breakdown of the short circuit charging module or the short circuit load connected power supply switching switch and the load switching switch can be avoided, and the adhesion between the contacts of the power supply switching switch or between the contacts of the load switching switch can also be avoided.

Based on this, when the system fails, fault isolation is achieved through the on or off timing sequence of the switch, and in order to further avoid the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix, the embodiment of the application may further set a second switch module between the charging module and the power distribution matrix, for details, please refer to the following.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus further includes a plurality of second switch modules. Each of the plurality of second switch modules is connected between a different power terminal and the power distribution matrix, and the switches in the second switch modules are solid-state switches or mechanical switches with arc extinguishing functions.

The second switch module in the embodiment of the application may also include a plurality of solid state devices connected in series and parallel, where the number of solid state devices connected in series and parallel in the second switch module is determined by the system voltage and current level. The higher the system voltage level, the more solid state devices connected in series in the second switch module, the higher the system current level, and the more solid state devices connected in parallel in the second switch module.

Similarly, the solid state devices in the second switch module in embodiments of the present application may also include, but are not limited to IGBT, IGCT, MOSFET, JFET, JFET, GTO, gaN and the like.

It should be noted that, the second switch module in the embodiment of the present application does not need to have the capability of breaking short-circuit current, and does not need to have the capability of bearing fault voltage. Specifically, the first switch module has the capacity of breaking short-circuit current, namely, when the system is in short circuit, the first switch module can cut off the short-circuit current, so that the second switch module does not need to have the capacity of breaking the short-circuit current. In addition, after the first switch module, the corresponding power supply switching switch and the corresponding load switching switch are closed, the short-circuited charging module and the second switch module correspondingly connected with the short-circuited load are firstly opened, and then the short-circuited charging module or the switch in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected with the short-circuited load is opened.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The power distribution device comprises a first switch module, a power switch, a load switch and a second switch module. When the system is short-circuited, the second switch module is matched with the first switch module, the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch, so that fault isolation can be realized, and the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be avoided.

In one embodiment, the power distribution means is for: under the condition that a charging module connected with a power terminal or a load connected with a load terminal is short-circuited, a first switch module, a short-circuited charging module or a power switch and a load switch connected with the short-circuited load are firstly closed, then the short-circuited charging module and a second switch module connected with the short-circuited load are disconnected, then a switch in a power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load is disconnected, and finally the first switch module is disconnected.

For example, in the case that the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix, if the charging module 1 is shorted, the first switch module is closed, the power switch Vs1 and the load switch Vd1 are switched off, the second switch module 1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 is switched off, the switch S11 correspondingly connected to the load 1 in the power distribution matrix 414 is switched off, and finally the first switch module is switched off. In this process, since the first switch module, the power switch Vs1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, and the load switch Vd1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 are closed, the second switch module 1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 is opened, which is equivalent to that the loop impedance of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch and the first switch module is far smaller than that of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, so that the fault current does not flow to the load 1 through the switch in the power distribution matrix, but flows to the load 1 through the power switch correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, the power switch correspondingly connected to the first switch module and the load 1, and the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located. When the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix 414 corresponding to the load 1 is turned off, and finally the first switch module is turned off, at this time, the fault current is completely turned off, that is, the fault current caused by the short circuit of the charging module 1 does not flow to the load 1, so that the short circuit of the switch in the power distribution matrix corresponding to the charging module 1 and the load 1 can be avoided. In the fault isolation process, the power distribution device can isolate faults caused by short circuits of the charging modules by means of self-capacity and has the capacity of independently isolating the faults, so that the faults can be actively and timely isolated when the faults occur, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the second switch module 1 is turned off first, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix is turned off, because the second switch module 1 is turned off first, the short-circuit current caused by the short-circuit of the charging module 1 does not continuously flow into the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix, the current on the switch S11 is reduced accordingly, and then the switch S11 is turned off, at this time, because the current on the switch S11 is smaller, even if the switch S11 is turned off, the switch S11 will not generate an arcing phenomenon. If the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix is turned off first, and then the second switch module 1 is turned off, since the short-circuit current caused by the short-circuit of the charging module 1 flows into the switch S11 through the second switch module 1, the short-circuit current flowing through the switch S11 is large, and when the switch S11 is turned off, the switch S11 may be subjected to arc-pulling phenomenon, which causes adhesion of the switch S11, and reduces the service life of the switch S11.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, under the condition that a short circuit occurs in the system, the first switch module, the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuit load are firstly closed, then the short-circuit charging module and the second switch module connected with the short-circuit load are disconnected, then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load is disconnected, finally the first switch module is disconnected, so that the fault can be actively and timely isolated, and the safety of the system is improved. In addition, after the fault current is switched to the path where the first switch module is located, the second switch module is disconnected firstly, so that the current of the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load is reduced, even if the switch in the power distribution matrix is disconnected, the generation of the switch arcing phenomenon in the power distribution matrix can be reduced due to the fact that the current of the switch in the power distribution matrix is smaller, the adhesion of the switch in the power distribution matrix is avoided, and the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be prolonged.

In one embodiment, a power distribution apparatus for closing a first switch module, a shorted charging module, or a shorted load-connected power and load-on-off switch includes: the power distribution device is used for closing the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuit load, and then closing the first switch module.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a charging module switching charging object according to an embodiment of the present application. Illustratively, in the initial state, the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are in the closed state, and the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11, and the charging power path is shown as a thicker black solid line in fig. 8 (a). When the charging module 1 is short-circuited, the power supply switching switch Vs1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 and the load switching switch Vd1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 are firstly closed, then the first switch module is closed, then the second switch module 1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 is opened, and the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 is opened, so that the fault current is switched to a path where the first switch module is located, and the power path is as a thicker black solid line shown in (b) of fig. 8. When the fault current is switched to the path of the first switch module, the first switch module is finally disconnected, so that the fault current is completely disconnected.

In this embodiment of the present application, assuming that the charging module 1 is shorted, under the condition that the charging module 1 is shorted, the power supply switching switch Vs1 corresponding to the charging module 1 and the load switching switch Vd1 corresponding to the load 1 are closed first, then the first switch module is closed, then the second switch module corresponding to the charging module 1 is opened, then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix corresponding to the charging module 1 is opened, and finally the first switch module is opened. The power switch Vs1 correspondingly connected with the charging module 1 and the load switch Vd1 correspondingly connected with the load 1 are closed firstly, then the first switch module 416 is closed, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected with the charging module 1 is opened, so that not only can the fault current be switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located, but also the breakdown of the power switch Vs1 or the load switch Vd1 and the adhesion between contacts of the power switch Vs1 or the load switch Vd1 can be avoided. This is because, if the first switch module is closed first and then the power switch Vs1 is closed, the voltage across the charging module is directly applied to the load switch Vd2, which easily causes the breakdown of the load switch Vd 2. In the next step, even if the load switch Vd1 is not broken down, the contacts of the load switch Vd1 are easily stuck when the load switch Vd1 is closed due to a large voltage across the load switch Vd 1. Similarly, if the first switch module is closed first and then the load switch Vd1 is closed, at this time, the voltage across the charging module is directly applied to the power switch Vs1, which easily causes the power switch Vs1 to break down. In the next step, even if the power switch Vs1 is not broken down, the contacts of the power switch Vs1 are easily stuck when the power switch Vs1 is turned on due to the large voltage across the power switch Vs 1.

In this embodiment, under the condition that the charging module or the load is shorted, the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch which are correspondingly connected to the shorted charging module or the shorted load and the closing time sequence of the first switch module are limited, namely, the shorted charging module or the shorted load is firstly closed to correspondingly connect the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch, and then the first switch module is closed, so that the shorted charging module or the shorted load is prevented from being broken down, and adhesion between contacts of the shorted charging module or the shorted load corresponding to the power supply switching switch and between contacts of the load switching switch can be avoided.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another charging module according to an embodiment of the present application for switching a charging object. Illustratively, in the initial state, the second switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the switch S11 and the switch S21 are in the closed state, the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11, the charging module 2 charges the load 1 through the switch S21, and the charging power path is as shown by a thicker black solid line in fig. 9 (a). When the load 1 is short-circuited, the power supply switching switch Vs1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1, the power supply switching switch Vs2 correspondingly connected to the charging module 2, and the load switching switch Vd1 correspondingly connected to the load 1 are firstly closed, then the first switch module is closed, the second switch module 1 correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 and the second switch module 2 correspondingly connected to the charging module 2 are opened, and then the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 1 and the switch S21 in the power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the charging module 2 are opened, so that the fault current is switched to a path where the first switch module is located, and the power path is shown as a thicker black solid line in (b) in fig. 9. When the fault current is switched to the path of the first switch module, the first switch module is finally disconnected, so that the fault current is completely disconnected.

The following will continue to describe the switching actions of the power distribution device when the load needs to be charged, when the charging module stops charging the load, and when the charging module switches the charging object and the charging source that charges the load.

1. The load needs to be charged

In an embodiment, the power distribution means is further for: when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, a switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is closed, and then a second switch module connected with the charging module is closed.

In this embodiment of the present application, when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, that is, when the power distribution device is turned from the standby state to the charging state, the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load may be closed first, and then the second switch module connected with the charging module is closed, so that adhesion between contacts of the switch in the power distribution matrix may be reduced, and the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix may be prolonged.

Illustratively, still referring to fig. 7 above, the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11 as an example. The initial state of the power distribution device is that all switches in the power distribution device are in an open state. In the initial state, the charging module 1 does not charge the load 1, when the load 1 needs to be charged by the charging module 1, the switch S11 is closed first, and then the second switch module 1 is closed, so that adhesion between contacts of the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix can be reduced. This is because, if the second switch module 1 is closed first, the current output by the charging module 1 will flow to the switch S11 through the second switch module 1, and when the switch S11 is closed, there is a possibility that current exists on the switch S11, resulting in adhesion between contacts of the switch S11, and further reducing the lifetime of the switch S11.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is closed first, and then the second switch module connected with the charging module is closed, so that adhesion between contacts of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be effectively avoided, the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged, and further, the safety of the system can be improved.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus is configured to close a switch in a power distribution matrix connected to a load when the load needs to be charged by a charging module, and then close a second switch module connected to the charging module, where the power distribution apparatus includes:

the power distribution device is used for: when a load needs to be charged through a charging module, a switch in a power distribution matrix connected with the load is closed in response to receiving a charging instruction; and closing a second switch module connected with the charging module in response to receiving a signal that a switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is fully closed.

Referring to fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present application, the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11. The initial state of the power distribution device is that all switches in the power distribution device are in an open state. In the initial state, the charging module 1 does not charge the load 1, after receiving a charging instruction, the power distribution device closes the switch S11 connected with the load 1 in the power distribution matrix, and after receiving a signal that the switch S11 is completely closed, the power distribution device closes the second switch module 1 connected with the charging module 1, so that the charging module 1 starts to charge the load 1. In this embodiment of the present application, the switch S11 is closed first, and after the switch S11 is completely closed, the second switch module 1 is closed, that is, when the switch S11 is closed, no current is applied to the path of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1, so even if the switch S11 is closed, the contacts of the switch S11 will not adhere to each other, thereby prolonging the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix, and further, improving the safety of the system.

2. The charging module stops charging the load

In an embodiment, the power distribution means is further for: when the charging module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected.

In this embodiment of the present application, when the charging module stops charging the load, that is, when the power distribution device changes from the charging state to the standby state, the second switch module connected with the charging module may be disconnected first, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix may be reduced, the adhesion between the contacts of the switch is reduced, and the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged.

Illustratively, referring to fig. 7 described above, taking the example in which the charging module 1 stops charging the load 1 through the switch S11. In the initial state, the charging module 1 charges the load 1, and the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are in the closed state. When the charging module 1 stops charging the load 1, the second switch module 1 is turned off first, and then the switch S11 is turned off, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix can be reduced. This is because, when the switch S11 is turned off first, there is a possibility that the current on the switch S11 is large when the switch S11 is turned off, and the current on the switch S11 is larger than the current threshold, which causes the switch S11 to generate arcing, and contacts of the switch S11 adhere to each other, thereby reducing the lifetime of the switch S11.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, when the electric module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix can be effectively reduced, the adhesion between contacts of the switch is reduced, the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged, and further, the safety of the system can be improved.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus is configured to disconnect the second switch module connected to the charging module and then disconnect the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load when the charging module stops charging the load, and includes:

the power distribution device is used for: when the charging module stops charging the load, responding to a power-off instruction, and disconnecting a second switch module connected with the charging module so as to reduce the current value of a switch in a power distribution matrix connected with the load; disconnecting the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load in case the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load fulfils at least one of the following conditions; the conditions include: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold.

In the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 7, the charging module 1 is still taken as an example to stop charging the load 1 through the switch S11. In this case, in the initial state, the charging module 1 charges the load 1, and the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are in the closed state. After the power distribution device receives the power-off instruction, the second switch module 1 connected with the charging module 1 is disconnected, when the current value on the switch S11 is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch S11 is smaller than the light intensity threshold, any condition among the conditions that the temperature of the switch S11 is smaller than the temperature threshold is met, the switch S11 connected with the load 1 is disconnected, and therefore the charging module 1 stops charging the load 1 through the switch S11. Because in this application embodiment, break off second switch module 1 earlier, wait to satisfy corresponding condition on the switch S11, even break off switch S11, switch S11 also can not appear drawing the arc phenomenon to can avoid the adhesion between the switch S11 contact, prolong the life-span of switch S11, further, can promote the security of system.

3. Charging module switches charging object and charging source for charging load

In an embodiment, the power distribution means is further for: when the charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other power switch, or when one charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other switch in the power distribution matrix, the second switch module connected with the at least one switch is firstly opened, then the at least one switch is opened, then the at least one other switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected with the at least one other switch is closed.

In this embodiment of the present application, when the charging module switches the charging object, that is, when the charging module switches from charging to another load, the second switch module connected to the at least one switch may be disconnected first, then the at least one switch is disconnected, then the at least one other switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected to the at least one other switch is closed, thereby reducing the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix, reducing the adhesion between the contacts of the switch, and prolonging the lifetime of the switch in the power distribution matrix.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a charging module according to an embodiment of the present application for switching a charging object and switching a charging source for charging a load.

In one implementation, taking the example that the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11 and the charging module 1 charges the load 2 through the switch S12. In the initial state, the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are in the closed state, the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11, and the charging power path is shown as a thicker black solid line in fig. 10 (a). When the charging module 1 is switched from charging the load to charging the load 2, the second switch module 1 is opened, the switch S11 is opened, the switch S12 is closed, and the second switch module 1 is closed, so that the charging module 1 charges the load 2 through the switch S12, and the charging power path is as shown by a thicker black solid line in fig. 10 (b).

In this embodiment, when the charging module 1 is switched from charging the load to charging the load 2, the second switch module 1 is opened, then the switch S11 is opened, then the switch S12 is closed, and finally the second switch module 1 is closed, so that the arcing of the switches S11 and S12 in the power distribution matrix can be reduced by timing sequence coordination of closing or opening the switches in the power distribution device. This is because, if the switch S11 is turned off first, there is a possibility that the current on the switch S11 is large when the switch S11 is turned off, and the current flowing through the switch S11 is larger than the current threshold, resulting in the arcing phenomenon of the switch S11; after the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are opened, if the second switch module 1 is closed first, the current output by the charging module 1 will flow to the switch S12 through the second switch module 1, when the switch S12 is closed, there is a possibility that current exists on the switch S12, resulting in adhesion between contacts of the switch S12, and further reducing the lifetime of the switch S12.

In another implementation, taking as an example that the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11 and the charging module 2 charges the load 1 through the switch S21. In the initial state, the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are in the closed state, the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11, and the charging power path is shown as a thicker black solid line in fig. 10 (a). When the charging module 1 is switched from charging the load 1 to charging the load 1 by the charging module 2, the second switch module 1 is opened, the switch S11 is opened, the switch S21 is closed, and the second switch module 2 is closed, so that the charging module 2 charges the load 1 through the switch S21, and the charging power path is as shown by a thicker black solid line in fig. 10 (c).

In this embodiment, when the charging module 1 is switched from charging the load 1 to charging the charging module 2 to charging the load 1, the second switch module 1 is opened, then the switch S11 is opened, then the switch S21 is closed, and finally the second switch module 2 is closed, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switches S11 and S21 in the power distribution matrix can be reduced by timing sequence coordination of closing or opening the switches in the power distribution device. This is because, if the switch S11 is turned off first, there is a possibility that the current on the switch S11 is large when the switch S11 is turned off, and the current flowing through the switch S11 is larger than the current threshold, resulting in the arcing phenomenon of the switch S11; after the second switch module 1 and the switch S11 are opened, if the second switch module 2 is closed first, the current output by the charging module 2 flows into the switch S21 through the second switch module 2, and when the switch S21 is closed, there is a possibility that current exists on the switch S21, resulting in adhesion between contacts of the switch S21, and further reducing the lifetime of the switch S21.

In an embodiment of the present application, the response condition for closing the further at least one switch is an opening of the at least one switch. Illustratively, when the charging module 1 is switched from charging the load to charging the load 2, the second switch module 1 is turned off first, so that the current of the charging module 1 for charging the load 1 through the switch S11 gradually decreases, and when the switch S11 satisfies the corresponding condition, the switch S11 is turned off again, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch S11 can be avoided. In response to the opening of the switch S11, the switch S12 is closed, so that the charging module 1 charges the load 2 through the switch S12.

Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, when the charging module is switched from charging to another load, or when one charging module is switched from charging to another charging module charging to another load, the second switch module connected to the at least one switch may be disconnected first, then the at least one switch is disconnected, then the other at least one switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected to the other at least one switch is closed, so that the arcing phenomenon of the switch in the power distribution matrix may be reduced, the adhesion between the contacts of the switch is reduced, and the lifetime of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged.

In an embodiment, the power distribution means are arranged for switching off the switches in the power distribution matrix connected to the load in case the switches in the power distribution matrix connected to the load fulfill at least one of the following conditions. The conditions include: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold.

In this embodiment, taking the charging module 1 charges the load 1 through the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix as an example, in this case, if the load 1 is shorted, the first switch module 416 is closed first, the power switch Vs1, the load switch Vd1 is opened, the second switch module 1 is switched to the path where the first switch module 416 is located, so that the current flowing through the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix is gradually reduced, and then the risk of arcing phenomenon occurring when the switch S11 is disconnected is reduced. In this embodiment, when the current value on the switch S11 is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch S11 is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and any condition of several conditions that the temperature of the switch S11 is smaller than the temperature threshold is satisfied, the switch S11 is turned off. In this case, even if the switch S11 is turned off, arcing of the switch S11 is not caused, so that damage to the switch S11 is not caused, and the lifetime of the switch S11 can be prolonged, and reliability can be increased.

The current threshold, the light intensity threshold and the temperature threshold in the embodiment of the application are thresholds capable of causing switch arcing when the switch in the power distribution matrix is opened.

In the embodiment of the application, under the condition that the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load meets the relevant condition, even if the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected, the switch will not generate arcing phenomenon, so that the adhesion between contacts of the switch is reduced, the service life of the switch in the power distribution matrix is prolonged, and further, the safety of the system can be improved.

It is pointed out above that the switch in the second switch module may be a solid state switch or a mechanical switch with an arc extinguishing function. Whether solid state or mechanical with arc quenching, in one embodiment, the maximum breaking current of the second switch module is greater than the maximum breaking current of each switch in the power distribution matrix.

The operation logic of the power distribution apparatus in this embodiment is identical to that of the power distribution apparatus in the above embodiment. It is noted that the function of the second switching module is to ensure that the mechanical switches in the power distribution matrix are capable of arc-free switching. The switch in the second switch tube module in the embodiment of the application can be a solid-state switch or a mechanical switch. If the switch in the second switch module in the embodiment of the application is a mechanical switch, the mechanical switch in the second switch module may have an arcing phenomenon when switching the fault current to the fault isolation bypass, so the mechanical switch in the second switch module in the embodiment of the application should have an arc extinguishing function. The switches in the second switch module in the embodiment of the application should be selected to be devices with higher power levels than the mechanical switches in the power distribution matrix, so as to protect the mechanical switches in the power distribution matrix.

In this embodiment, the switch in the second switch module should be selected to be a device with a higher power level than the mechanical switch in the power distribution matrix, which can be understood that the maximum breaking current of the second switch module is greater than the maximum breaking current of the mechanical switch in the power distribution matrix. The maximum breaking current of the second switch module is the maximum current which can be disconnected after the switches in the second switch module are connected in series and parallel, and the maximum breaking current of the mechanical switch is the maximum current which can be disconnected by the mechanical switch.

Referring to (a) of fig. 10 above, the maximum breaking current of the mechanical switch in the second switch module 1 is illustratively set to 20KA, and the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix has no breaking current capability, i.e., the maximum breaking current of the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix is set to 0A. If the current charged by the charging module 1 to the load is 15KA, the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix is turned off first, and the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix has no current breaking capability, so that the switch S11 cannot bear a large current during the turn-off of the switch S11, resulting in arc discharge and ablation between contacts of the switch S11.

Because the second switch module 1 is disconnected firstly and the maximum breaking current of the mechanical switch in the second switch module 1 is 20KA, the second switch module 1 can bear larger current in the disconnection process. Because the second switch module 1 is disconnected, the current on the switch S11 in the power distribution matrix switch gradually decreases, and when the current on the switch S11 does not pass through, the switch S11 is disconnected, so that arcing of the switch S11 can be avoided, ablation between contacts of the switch S11 can be avoided, and the service life of the switch is prolonged.

The arc extinguishing function in the embodiment of the application can be a passive arc extinguishing facility, such as an arc extinguishing gate, a permanent magnet magnetic arc blowing and the like, and also can be an active arc extinguishing device, such as an active arc extinguishing circuit composed of capacitors. In the process of performing fault current commutation, after the fault current is completely commutated to the fault isolation bypass, the mechanical switch corresponding to the fault path in the power distribution matrix needs to perform breaking operation, and the commutation time may be higher than the commutation time in the above embodiment, where the specific time depends on the magnitude of the fault current and the arc extinguishing capability of the mechanical switch in the arcless switching module.

In fig. 4 to 6, the power distribution device does not have the second switch module, and in this case, the power switches in the power distribution matrix are solid-state switches or mechanical switches with arc extinguishing function.

In this embodiment of the present application, since the power distribution device is not equipped with the second switch module, the mechanical switch of the power distribution matrix in the power distribution device cannot achieve complete arc-free switching during switching. In order to avoid arcing of the switches in the power distribution matrix during fault isolation or power path switching, the switches themselves in the power distribution matrix need to have a certain quenching capability.

The working logic of the power distribution apparatus in the embodiment of the present application is identical to the working logic of the power distribution apparatus in fig. 4 to 6, and is not described in detail.

The implementation of the fault isolation function of the power distribution device under the fault condition needs to rely on the switch of the power distribution matrix to perform current conversion, so that the switch of the power distribution matrix in the embodiment of the application needs to have certain short-circuit current breaking arc extinguishing capability. For example, the switches in the power distribution matrix may be solid state switches or mechanical switches with quenching functions. The arc extinguishing function can be a passive arc extinguishing facility such as an arc extinguishing gate, a permanent magnet magnetic arc blowing and the like, or an active arc extinguishing device such as an active arc extinguishing circuit composed of capacitors. In the process of executing fault current commutation, after the fault current is required to be completely commutated to a fault isolation bypass, the first switch module can perform breaking operation.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus further comprises a controller for: under the condition that the current value on a path of the charging module for charging the load through the power distribution matrix is larger than a short-circuit current threshold value, the first switch module is controlled to be closed, the charging module or a power supply switching switch and a load switching switch connected with the load are controlled to be closed, the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the charging module or the load is controlled to be opened, and then the first switch module is controlled to be opened.

In this embodiment of the present application, the action of the switch in the power distribution device may be performed by a controller, and the controller may control the switch in any one of the above embodiments to be turned on or turned off, and the specific process is not described again.

The first switch module shown in fig. 5 includes n groups of switch tubes, each group of switch tubes includes two switch tubes, and the switch tubes in the first switch module are various in form, see below.

In one embodiment, the first switch module includes a plurality of groups of switch tubes and an energy absorbing module, the switch tubes in each group of switch tubes are connected in series, the plurality of groups of switch tubes are connected in parallel, the energy absorbing module is connected in parallel with any group of switch tubes, and the energy absorbing module is used for absorbing the residual energy in the circuit.

The switching tubes in the first switching module shown in fig. 5 are simply connected in series and parallel, the first switching module comprises n groups of switching tubes and an energy absorbing module, and each group of switching tubes comprises two switching tubes.

The switching tube in the first switching module in the embodiment of the application can be replaced by a switching tube with bidirectional through flow, so that the current flowing from a load to a charging module can be realized, and the isolation capability of the system to bidirectional fault current can be further realized.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of different topologies of a switching tube in a first switching module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to (a) of fig. 11, the first switching module includes a plurality of switching tube pairs 910, and each switching tube pair 910 includes two switching tubes connected in series, and emitters (i.e., e-poles) of the two switching tubes are connected. Each of the switching tubes is connected in parallel with a diode (which may be referred to as a body diode), and the freewheeling directions of the diodes connected in parallel with the two switching tubes in each of the switching tubes 910 are opposite. The port A1 is connected to the charging module, the port A2 is connected to the load, and in one implementation, the current can flow from the port A1 to the port A2 through the switching tube S1a, the body diode on the switching tube S1b, the body diode on the switching tube S1a ', and the switching tube S1 b'; in another implementation manner, the current can flow from the A2 terminal to the A1 terminal through the body diode on the switching tube S1b ', the switching tube S1a', the switching tube S1b, and the body diode on the switching tube S1a, so that the charging module can charge the load and the load can charge the charging module.

The emitter connection of two of the switching tubes 910 shown in fig. 11 (a) may be designed as the collector connection of two of the switching tubes 910 in another embodiment.

Referring to (b) of fig. 11, the first switching module includes a plurality of switching tubes 920, and each switching tube 920 includes two switching tubes connected in parallel. The emitter of one of the two parallel switching tubes is connected with the collector of the other switching tube, and the collector of one switching tube is connected with the emitter of the other switching tube. Each of the switching tubes 920 does not require a parallel diode, and charging of the charging module to the load and charging of the load to the charging module can be achieved through a plurality of switching tubes 920.

Referring to (c) of fig. 11, the first switching module includes a plurality of switching tubes 930, each switching tube 930 includes two parallel diodes, an anode of one of the two parallel diodes is connected with a cathode of the other diode, a cathode of one diode is connected with an anode of the other switching tube, and charging of the load to the charging module can be achieved through the plurality of switching tubes 930.

Referring to fig. 11 (d), the first switch module includes a switching tube unit 940 and four diodes, wherein two diodes are connected in series and then connected in parallel to one end of the switching tube unit 940, and the other two diodes are connected in series and then connected in parallel to the other end of the switching tube unit 940. The design of the switching tube in the switching tube unit 940 may refer to (a) in fig. 11 described above.

Referring to fig. 11 (e), the first switch module includes four switch tube units 950 and a capacitor, wherein two switch tube units 950 are connected in series and then connected in parallel to two ends of the capacitor, and the other two switch tube units 950 are connected in series and then connected in parallel to two ends of the capacitor. The design of the switching tube in the switching tube unit 950 may refer to (a) in fig. 11 described above.

The current flows from (b) in fig. 11 to (e) in fig. 11 are similar to those in fig. 11, and will not be described again.

The energy absorbing module in this embodiment of the present application may be the varistor in fig. 5, or may be a residual current device (residual current device, RCD) circuit, where the energy absorbing module is configured to absorb the residual energy in the circuit.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the specific circuit design of the second switch module may refer to the circuit topology of the first switch module, where the difference is that the first switch module includes an energy absorbing module, and the second switch module does not include an energy absorbing module.

The application still provides a fill electric pile, fills electric pile and includes a plurality of charge module, a plurality of rifle and the power distribution device in any embodiment of charging that charges in the aforesaid, and a plurality of charge module is connected to power distribution device's a plurality of power supply terminals, and a plurality of rifle that charges is connected to power distribution device's a plurality of load terminals, and the rifle that charges is used for being connected with the load.

For the design of the power distribution device in the charging pile and the specific protection process, please refer to the related content of the above embodiment, and the description is omitted.

In addition, as shown in fig. 12, the embodiment of the present application further provides a power distribution device 400, where the power distribution device 400 includes a plurality of power terminals 410 and a plurality of load terminals 412, the power distribution matrix 414 and a plurality of second switch modules, the power terminals are used for connecting the charging modules, and the load terminals are used for connecting the loads.

Two ends of the power distribution matrix are respectively connected with a plurality of power terminals and a plurality of load terminals; each of the plurality of second switch modules is connected between a different charging module and the power distribution matrix, and the switches in the second switch modules are solid-state switches or mechanical switches with arc extinguishing functions.

In one embodiment, the power distribution means is for: when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, a switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is closed, and then a second switch module connected with the charging module is closed.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus is further configured to: when the charging module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected.

In one embodiment, the power distribution means is for: the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load is disconnected in case the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load fulfils at least one of the following conditions. The conditions include: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold.

In one embodiment, the power distribution apparatus is further configured to: when the charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other power switch, or when one charging module charges the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other switch in the power distribution matrix, the second switch module connected with the at least one switch is firstly opened, then the at least one switch is opened, then the at least one other switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected with the at least one other switch is closed.

In one embodiment, the power distribution means is for opening at least one switch and then closing another at least one switch comprises: the power distribution means is for opening the at least one switch if the at least one switch meets at least one of the following conditions: the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold; the at least one other switch is closed in response to the opening of the at least one switch.

In one embodiment, the maximum breaking current of the second switch module is greater than the maximum breaking current of each switch in the power distribution matrix.

The application still provides a fill electric pile, fills electric pile and includes a plurality of charge module, a plurality of rifle and the power distribution device in any embodiment of charging that charges in the aforesaid, and a plurality of charge module is connected to power distribution device's a plurality of power supply terminals, and a plurality of rifle that charges is connected to power distribution device's a plurality of load terminals, and the rifle that charges is used for being connected with the load.

The content in the embodiments of the present application refers to the related content above, and will not be described in detail.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (15)

1. The power distribution device is characterized by comprising a plurality of power supply terminals and a plurality of load terminals, wherein the power supply terminals are used for being connected with a charging module, and the load terminals are used for being connected with a load; wherein,

The power distribution matrix comprises a plurality of switches, and two ends of the power distribution matrix are respectively connected with the plurality of power supply terminals and the plurality of load terminals;

one end of the first switch module is connected with at least one power terminal through the power switching switch, and the other end of the first switch module is connected with at least one load terminal through the load switching switch.

2. The power distribution apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power distribution apparatus is configured to:

and under the condition that the charging module connected with the power supply terminal or the load connected with the load terminal is short-circuited, closing the first switch module, the short-circuited charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuited load, opening a switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load, and opening the first switch module.

3. The power distribution apparatus of claim 2, wherein the power distribution apparatus is configured to close the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch correspondingly connected to the first switch module, the shorted charging module, or the shorted load, open a switch in a power distribution matrix correspondingly connected to the shorted charging module or the shorted load, and open the first switch module comprises:

The power distribution device is used for: and firstly closing the first switch module, the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuit load, then opening the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuit charging module or the short-circuit load, and finally opening the first switch module.

4. The power distribution apparatus of claim 3 wherein the power distribution apparatus for first closing the power supply and load switching switches of the first switch module, the shorted charge module, or the shorted load connection comprises:

the power distribution device is used for: and closing the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuit load, and then closing the first switch module.

5. The power distribution apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the maximum breaking short circuit current of the first switch module is greater than the maximum breaking short circuit current of the switches in the power distribution matrix.

6. The power distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a power switching switch is connected between one end of the first switch module and each of the power terminals, and a load switching switch is connected between the other end of the first switch module and each of the load terminals.

7. The power distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a plurality of second switch modules;

each second switch module in the plurality of second switch modules is connected between a different power terminal and the power distribution matrix, and the switch in the second switch module is a solid-state switch or a mechanical switch with an arc extinguishing function.

8. The power distribution apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the power distribution apparatus is configured to:

and under the condition that the charging module connected with the power terminal or the load connected with the load terminal is short-circuited, firstly closing the first switch module, the short-circuited charging module or the power switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuited load, then opening the second switch module connected with the short-circuited charging module and the short-circuited load, then opening the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the short-circuited charging module or the short-circuited load, and finally opening the first switch module.

9. The power distribution apparatus of claim 8, wherein the power distribution apparatus for first closing the power supply and load switching switches of the first switch module, the shorted charge module, or the shorted load connection comprises:

The power distribution device is used for: and closing the short-circuit charging module or the power supply switching switch and the load switching switch connected with the short-circuit load, and then closing the first switch module.

10. The power distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the power distribution apparatus is further configured to:

when the load needs to be charged through the charging module, firstly closing a switch in a power distribution matrix connected with the load, and then closing a second switch module connected with the charging module;

when the charging module stops charging the load, the second switch module connected with the charging module is disconnected firstly, and then the switch in the power distribution matrix connected with the load is disconnected.

11. The power distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the power distribution apparatus is further configured to:

when the charging module is switched to charge the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other power switch, or when one of the charging modules is switched to charge the load through at least one switch in the power distribution matrix to charge the load through at least one other switch in the power distribution matrix, the second switch module connected with the at least one switch is firstly opened, then the at least one switch is opened, then the at least one other switch is closed, and finally the second switch module connected with the at least one other switch is closed.

12. A power distribution apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the maximum breaking current of the second switch module is greater than the maximum breaking current of each switch in the power distribution matrix.

13. The power distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the power distribution apparatus is configured to:

opening a switch in a power distribution matrix connected to the load if the switch in the power distribution matrix connected to the load meets at least one of the following conditions;

the conditions include:

the current value of the switch is smaller than the current threshold, the light intensity of the arc generated by the switch is smaller than the light intensity threshold, and the temperature of the switch is smaller than the temperature threshold.

14. The power distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first switching module includes a plurality of groups of switching tubes and an energy absorbing module, the switching tubes of each group of switching tubes being connected in series, the plurality of groups of switching tubes being connected in parallel, the energy absorbing module being connected in parallel with any one group of switching tubes, the energy absorbing module being configured to absorb energy remaining in the circuit.

15. A charging pile comprising a plurality of charging modules, a plurality of charging guns and a power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the plurality of power supply terminals of the power distribution device being connected to the plurality of charging modules, the plurality of load terminals of the power distribution device being connected to a plurality of charging guns for connection to a load.