CN106711931B - Direct current breaker and control method thereof - Google Patents
Direct current breaker and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106711931B CN106711931B CN201611246504.7A CN201611246504A CN106711931B CN 106711931 B CN106711931 B CN 106711931B CN 201611246504 A CN201611246504 A CN 201611246504A CN 106711931 B CN106711931 B CN 106711931B
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for dc systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a direct current breaker and a control method thereof, wherein the direct current breaker comprises a main through-current branch and a fault current suppression unit which are connected in parallel; the fault current suppression unit comprises a full bridge circuit, a current transfer circuit and an energy absorption branch circuit; the current transfer circuit comprises a first current transfer branch and a second current transfer branch which are connected in parallel; the first current transfer branch comprises a first thyristor, a first capacitor and a first lightning arrester; the first thyristor is connected with the first capacitor in series, and the first capacitor is connected with the first lightning arrester in parallel; the second current transfer branch comprises a second thyristor and a second capacitor connected in series. Compared with the prior art, the direct current breaker and the control method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the size of the direct current breaker can be reduced by adopting the thyristor, and meanwhile, the full-bridge circuit does not need to be separately provided with an auxiliary power supply to pre-charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor, so that the size of the direct current breaker is further reduced, and the working reliability of the direct current breaker is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a direct current breaker and a control method thereof.
Background
A dc breaker is one of the main electrical devices of a dc converter station. It not only can cut off and connect high-voltage line and various no-load and load currents when the system is normally operated, but also can automatically, quickly and reliably cut off various overload and short-circuit currents by the action of the relay protection device when the system is in fault, so as to prevent the accident scope from being enlarged. Wherein: the hybrid direct current breaker has the low loss characteristic of a mechanical switch and the quick breaking characteristic of a power electronic switch, and can perform direct current breaking on a multi-end flexible direct current transmission system and a high-voltage direct current system power grid. However, the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker is limited by the breaking capacity of a single full-control device, has the problem of relatively low breaking current, and is difficult to meet the breaking current requirement of a high-voltage high-capacity direct-current system. Meanwhile, although the breaking current capacity of the direct current breaker can be remarkably improved by adopting the hybrid direct current breaker of the thyristor, the thyristor cannot be automatically turned off and an additional auxiliary circuit needs to be configured, so that the design and integration difficulty of the direct current breaker is increased, and the auxiliary power supply is configured to pre-charge passive elements in the hybrid direct current breaker adopting the thyristor, so that the reliability of the hybrid direct current breaker is further reduced, and the size of the breaker is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a direct current circuit breaker and a control method thereof.
In a first aspect, a technical solution of a dc circuit breaker according to the present invention is:
the direct current circuit breaker comprises a main through-current branch and a fault current suppression unit which are connected in parallel; the fault current suppression unit comprises a full bridge circuit, a current transfer circuit and an energy absorption branch circuit; the full-bridge circuit comprises two parallel bridge arm circuits, and each bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm which are connected in series; the current transfer circuit and the energy absorption branch circuit are respectively connected with the bridge arm circuit in parallel;
the current transfer circuit comprises a first current transfer branch and a second current transfer branch which are connected in parallel;
the first current transfer branch comprises a first thyristor, a first capacitor and a first lightning arrester; the first thyristor is connected with a first capacitor in series, and the first capacitor is connected with a first lightning arrester in parallel; the second current transfer branch comprises a second thyristor and a second capacitor connected in series.
In a second aspect, a technical solution of a method for controlling a dc circuit breaker according to the present invention is:
the control method comprises the following steps of controlling the direct current breaker to break the fault current of the direct current system when the direct current system has a fault, specifically:
locking a power electronic switch unit of the main through-current branch and triggering a first thyristor of the first current transfer branch to be conducted, so that fault current flowing through the main through-current branch is transferred to the first current transfer branch;
after the fault current is completely transferred to the first current transfer branch circuit, the quick mechanical switch of the main through-current branch circuit is disconnected;
when the quick mechanical switch is completely disconnected, triggering a second thyristor of a second current transfer branch to be conducted, so that fault current flowing through the first current transfer branch is transferred to the second current transfer branch, and charging a second capacitor; wherein: and after the charging voltage of the second capacitor reaches a preset voltage value, the energy absorption branch circuit absorbs the fault current.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the direct current circuit breaker, the first thyristor and the second thyristor are semi-controlled power electronic devices, the size of the direct current circuit breaker can be reduced, meanwhile, the current transfer circuit is connected in parallel to two ends of a bridge arm circuit of a full bridge circuit, an auxiliary power supply does not need to be independently arranged to pre-charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor, the size of the direct current circuit breaker is further reduced, and the working reliability of the direct current circuit breaker is improved;
2. according to the control method of the direct current breaker, the first current transfer branch circuit is controlled to transfer fault current after a direct current system breaks down, the protection voltage level of the first lightning arrester is lower than that of the second lightning arrester, and the rapid mechanical switch can be reliably disconnected; and after the quick mechanical switch is completely switched off, the second current transfer branch circuit is controlled to transfer fault current, and the fault current is transferred to the energy absorption branch circuit after the charging voltage of a second capacitor of the second current transfer branch circuit reaches a preset voltage value, so that the consumption and absorption of the fault current are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the structure schematic diagram of the direct current breaker in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2: the invention discloses a schematic structure of a power electronic switch;
FIG. 3: another power electronic switch structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a power electronic switch;
FIG. 5: another direct current breaker structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6: the application schematic diagram of the direct current circuit breaker in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the drawing, the dc circuit breaker according to the embodiment includes a main current branch and a fault current suppression unit connected in parallel. Wherein: the main through-current branch is used for conducting load current of the direct-current system when the direct-current system normally operates, and the fault current suppression unit is used for transferring fault current flowing through the main through-current branch to the fault current suppression unit when the direct-current system fails and suppressing breaking overvoltage of the main through-current branch.
The fault current suppression unit comprises a full bridge circuit, a current transfer circuit and an energy absorption branch circuit; the full-bridge circuit comprises two parallel bridge arm circuits, and each bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm which are connected in series; the current transfer circuit and the energy absorption branch circuit are respectively connected with the bridge arm circuit in parallel.
The current transfer circuit comprises a first current transfer branch and a second current transfer branch which are connected in parallel; the first current transfer branch comprises a first thyristor T1, a first capacitor C1 and a first surge arrester MOV 1; the first thyristor T1 is connected in series with a first capacitor C1, and the first capacitor CI is connected in parallel with a first arrester MOV 1; the second current transfer branch comprises a second thyristor T2 and a second capacitor C2 connected in series. At the same time, the energy absorption circuit comprises a third arrester MOV3 for absorbing fault currents and suppressing breaking overvoltages of the main current branch.
In the embodiment, the first thyristor and the second thyristor are half-controlled power electronic devices, so that the size of the direct current circuit breaker can be reduced, and meanwhile, the current transfer circuit is connected in parallel to two ends of a bridge arm circuit of the full-bridge circuit, so that an auxiliary power supply does not need to be independently arranged to pre-charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor, the size of the direct current circuit breaker is further reduced, and the working reliability of the direct current circuit breaker is improved.
Further, the full-bridge circuit of the fault current suppression unit in this embodiment may include the following structures, specifically:
in the full bridge circuit in this embodiment, the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm each include a diode.
Wherein: the anode of the first thyristor T1 is connected with the cathode of the diode in the upper bridge arm, and the cathode of the first thyristor T1 is connected with the first capacitor C1; the anode of the second thyristor T2 is connected to the cathode of the diode in the upper arm, and the cathode of the second thyristor T2 is connected to the second capacitor C2.
Further, in this embodiment, the main through-flow branch may include the following structures, specifically:
the main current branch in this embodiment comprises a fast mechanical switch K1, a power electronic switch unit and a second arrester MOV2, the fast mechanical switch K1 is connected in series with the power electronic switch unit, and the power electronic switch unit is connected in parallel with the second arrester MOV 2. Wherein: by setting the voltage protection level of the second arrester MOV2 higher than the voltage protection level of the first arrester MOV1, the fault current flowing through the main current branch can be reliably diverted to the first current diverting branch. Meanwhile, the invention also provides three preferred embodiments of the power single-sub switch, which specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) example 1
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the power electronic switch includes two fully-controlled power electronic devices connected in series in an inverse manner, and each fully-controlled power electronic device is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode in an inverse manner. Wherein: in the embodiment, the fully-controlled power electronic device may adopt an IGBT, an IGCT, or a GTO.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the drawing, the power electronic switch of the dc circuit breaker in this embodiment adopts the power electronic switch with the above structure formed by the IGCT.
(2) Example 2
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the drawing, the power electronic switch according to the embodiment includes two fully-controlled power electronic devices connected in parallel in an inverse manner. Wherein: in the embodiment, the fully-controlled power electronic device may adopt an IGBT, an IGCT, or a GTO.
(3) Example 3
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another power electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the power electronic switch in this embodiment is a full-bridge power electronic switch, each bridge arm of the full-bridge power electronic switch includes a fully-controlled power electronic device, and each fully-controlled power electronic device is connected in inverse parallel with a freewheeling diode. Wherein: in the embodiment, the fully-controlled power electronic device may adopt an IGBT, an IGCT, or a GTO.
The invention also provides a control method of the direct current breaker, and provides a specific embodiment.
In this embodiment, the dc circuit breaker may be controlled to break the fault current of the dc system when the dc system fails according to the following steps:
step S101: and locking the power electronic switch unit of the main through-flow branch and triggering the first thyristor of the first current transfer branch to be conducted, so that the fault current flowing through the main through-flow branch is transferred to the first current transfer branch, and the fault current charges the first capacitor. Wherein: the voltage of the main current branch and the voltage of the first current transfer branch are respectively limited by the second lightning arrester and the first lightning arrester, when the protection voltage level of the second lightning arrester is higher than the protection voltage level of the first lightning arrester, the fault current can be ensured to be maintained to be circulated in the first current transfer branch, and if the protection voltage level of the first lightning arrester is higher than the protection voltage level of the second lightning arrester, the fault current can be transferred to the main current branch.
Step S102: and after the fault current is completely transferred to the first current transfer branch circuit, the quick mechanical switch of the main through-current branch circuit is disconnected.
Step S103: when the quick mechanical switch is completely switched off, triggering a second thyristor of the second current transfer branch to be conducted, so that the fault current flowing through the first current transfer branch is transferred to the second current transfer branch, and charging a second capacitor; wherein: and after the charging voltage of the second capacitor reaches a preset voltage value, the energy absorption branch circuit absorbs fault current.
In the embodiment, after the direct current system fails, the first current transfer branch circuit is controlled to transfer the fault current, the protection voltage level of the first lightning arrester is lower than that of the second lightning arrester, and the rapid mechanical switch can be reliably disconnected; and after the quick mechanical switch is completely switched off, the second current transfer branch circuit is controlled to transfer fault current, and the fault current is transferred to the energy absorption branch circuit after the charging voltage of a second capacitor of the second current transfer branch circuit reaches a preset voltage value, so that the consumption and absorption of the fault current are realized.
Fig. 6 is an application schematic diagram of a dc circuit breaker in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the drawing, the dc circuit breaker in the embodiment is installed on two dc outgoing lines of a converter station, and one of the dc outgoing lines has a short-circuit fault, and the dc circuit breaker is the dc circuit breaker shown in fig. 4. The following describes a method for controlling a dc circuit breaker by taking the dc system shown in fig. 6 as an example:
1. the power electronic switching unit of the main current branch is blocked and the first thyristor T1 is triggered to conduct.
2. When the fault current is fully diverted to the first current diverting branch, the fast mechanical switch K1 of the main current diverting branch is opened.
3. When the fast mechanical switch K1 is completely turned off, the second thyristor T2 is triggered to conduct, so that the fault current flowing through the first current transfer branch is transferred to the second current transfer branch, and the second capacitor C2 is charged.
4. When the charging voltage of the second capacitor C2 reaches a preset voltage value, the energy absorption branch is controlled to absorb the fault current.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (3)
1. A direct current circuit breaker comprises a main current branch and a fault current suppression unit which are connected in parallel; the fault current suppression unit comprises a full bridge circuit, a current transfer circuit and an energy absorption branch circuit; the full-bridge circuit comprises two parallel bridge arm circuits, and each bridge arm circuit comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm which are connected in series; the current transfer circuit and the energy absorption branch circuit are respectively connected with the bridge arm circuit in parallel;
the current transfer circuit comprises a first current transfer branch and a second current transfer branch which are connected in parallel;
the first current transfer branch comprises a first thyristor, a first capacitor and a first lightning arrester; the first thyristor is connected with a first capacitor in series, and the first capacitor is connected with a first lightning arrester in parallel; the second current transfer branch comprises a second thyristor and a second capacitor which are connected in series
The upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm both comprise diodes; the anode of the first thyristor is connected with the cathode of the diode in the upper bridge arm, and the cathode of the first thyristor is connected with the first capacitor; the anode of the second thyristor is connected with the cathode of the diode in the upper bridge arm, and the cathode of the second thyristor is connected with the second capacitor;
the main through-current branch comprises a quick mechanical switch, a power electronic switch unit and a second lightning arrester; the rapid mechanical switch is connected with the power electronic switch unit in series, and the power electronic switch unit is connected with the second lightning arrester in parallel; the control method of the direct current circuit breaker is characterized by comprising the following steps of controlling the direct current circuit breaker to break fault current of a direct current system when the direct current system breaks down, and specifically comprising the following steps:
locking a power electronic switch unit of the main through-current branch and triggering a first thyristor of the first current transfer branch to be conducted, so that fault current flowing through the main through-current branch is transferred to the first current transfer branch;
after the fault current is completely transferred to the first current transfer branch circuit, the quick mechanical switch of the main through-current branch circuit is disconnected;
when the quick mechanical switch is completely disconnected, triggering a second thyristor of a second current transfer branch to be conducted, so that fault current flowing through the first current transfer branch is transferred to the second current transfer branch, and charging a second capacitor; wherein: after the charging voltage of the second capacitor reaches a preset voltage value, the energy absorption branch circuit absorbs the fault current;
the power electronic switch comprises two full-control power electronic devices which are connected in series in an opposite direction, and each full-control power electronic device is connected with one freewheeling diode in parallel in the opposite direction; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the power electronic switch comprises two full-control power electronic devices which are connected in parallel in an opposite direction; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the power electronic switch is a full-bridge power electronic switch, each bridge arm of the full-bridge structure comprises a full-control power electronic device, and each full-control power electronic device is connected with a freewheeling diode in an inverse parallel mode;
the voltage protection level of the second arrester in the main through-current branch is higher than the voltage protection level of the first arrester in the current transfer circuit.
2. A dc circuit breaker according to claim 1 wherein the fully controlled power electronic device is an IGBT, IGCT or GTO.
3. A dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy-absorbing circuit comprises a third arrester.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611246504.7A CN106711931B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Direct current breaker and control method thereof |
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| CN201611246504.7A CN106711931B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Direct current breaker and control method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107453336A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-12-08 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | One kind cascade full-bridge direct current breaker |
| CN107834506A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-23 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of hybrid dc circuit breaker |
| CN108123427A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-05 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of inductive type bidirectional, dc current limiter topology |
| CN108649527B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-10-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of hybrid solid-state direct current current-limiting formula breaker |
| CN112886550B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-08-12 | 天津大学 | MMC flexible direct-current power grid self-adaptive fault clearing method based on source network coordination |
| CN112952776B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-12-20 | 华北电力大学 | Current transfer circuit and method suitable for medium-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
| CN113595028B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2024-03-29 | 天津大学 | Current-limiting type hybrid direct current breaker based on thyristors and control method thereof |
| CN113991619A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-28 | 平高集团有限公司 | Current transfer circuit and current transfer device for direct current circuit breaker |
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