CN117638235A - Battery cell, battery module, battery, electronic equipment, mobile device and energy storage device - Google Patents

Battery cell, battery module, battery, electronic equipment, mobile device and energy storage device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117638235A
CN117638235A CN202210995976.1A CN202210995976A CN117638235A CN 117638235 A CN117638235 A CN 117638235A CN 202210995976 A CN202210995976 A CN 202210995976A CN 117638235 A CN117638235 A CN 117638235A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
dry reed
battery
temperature
reed pipe
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210995976.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋晓娜
田雷雷
何军
李军
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210995976.1A priority Critical patent/CN117638235A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/111534 priority patent/WO2024037372A1/en
Publication of CN117638235A publication Critical patent/CN117638235A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/36—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The application provides a battery cell, a battery module, a battery, electronic equipment, a mobile device and an energy storage device. The battery cell includes: the battery comprises a bare cell, a cell shell, a first temperature sensing magnet and a first dry reed pipe; the first temperature sensing magnet is used for sensing the temperature inside the battery cell; if the temperature inside the electric core is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the electric core; after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed. Therefore, the early warning can be accurately and timely carried out on the occurrence of thermal abnormality of the battery cell.

Description

Battery cell, battery module, battery, electronic equipment, mobile device and energy storage device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery cell, a battery module, a battery, electronic equipment, a mobile device and an energy storage device.
Background
In the application fields of new energy automobiles, electric bicycles, portable energy storage and the like, the demand for lithium ion batteries is rapidly growing. Currently, the energy density and power density of the battery cells of lithium ion batteries are increasing, so that the battery cells and batteries need to cope with more severe safety challenges.
Due to abuse failure, reliability failure, design defect, manufacturing defect failure and other causes, thermal abnormality of the power core is often caused, even overheat failure of the power core and the battery is caused, and further safety problems such as fire, spontaneous combustion, explosion and the like are caused.
Therefore, how to accurately detect thermal anomalies of the battery cells is a problem that needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a battery cell, battery module, battery, electronic equipment, mobile device and energy storage device, can take place thermal anomaly to the battery cell and accurately and in time early warning.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a cell comprising: the battery comprises a bare cell, electrolyte, a cell shell, a first temperature-sensing magnet and a first dry reed pipe;
the battery cell shell is made of a non-magnetic shielding material, the battery cell shell is provided with a containing cavity, electrolyte is injected into the containing cavity, the bare battery cell is arranged in the containing cavity, the first temperature sensing magnet is arranged in or out of the containing cavity, the first dry reed pipe is arranged out of the containing cavity, and the first dry reed pipe is used for being electrically connected with the battery management system;
The first temperature sensing magnet is used for sensing the temperature inside the battery cell; if the temperature inside the electric core is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the electric core;
after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed.
Through the battery provided by the first aspect, the temperature of the battery core when the thermal abnormality occurs can be accurately detected by means of the cooperation of the first temperature sensing magnet and the first dry reed pipe, the thermal abnormality of the battery core can be accurately and timely early-warned, the problem that hysteresis or inaccuracy exists in early-warning response of the thermal abnormality of the battery core is solved, the response speed of early-warning of the thermal abnormality of the battery core is improved, and the safety protection capability of the battery is improved. Meanwhile, the wireless magnetic induction detection response mode is utilized, and based on the layout of the temperature sensing devices of the first temperature sensing magnet and the first dry reed pipe, the whole structure of the battery core shell is not required to be damaged, the problems of package leakage and the like are not caused, the service life of the battery is prolonged, the reliability and the safety of the battery are guaranteed, and large-scale mass production and use are facilitated.
In addition, the first temperature sensing magnet in the battery provided by the first aspect is matched with the first dry reed pipe, and the matching can also record: whether the first temperature-sensing magnet is subjected to magnetic transformation and/or whether the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed or not can be used as a screening basis for whether the battery core is overheated or not, so that the safety risk caused by the overheat abnormality of the battery core is avoided, the condition that the battery core with the safety risk continuously flows into the next processing and using link is avoided, and the problem of larger system safety is avoided.
In one possible design, the cell further comprises: the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second dry reed pipe; the second temperature sensing magnet is arranged in or outside the accommodating cavity, the second dry reed pipe is arranged outside the accommodating cavity, and the second dry reed pipe and the first dry reed pipe are respectively and electrically connected with different sampling channels of the battery management system;
after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, specifically: after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal to a first degree after detecting that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed;
The second temperature sensing magnet is used for sensing the temperature inside the battery cell; if the temperature inside the electric core is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the electric core;
after the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal to a second degree after detecting that the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe is changed, and the second degree is different from the first degree.
According to the battery provided by the embodiment, the first temperature sensing magnet and the second temperature sensing magnet with different curie temperatures can be distributed for the same battery core, and the battery management system can know the degree of thermal abnormality of the same battery core and the corresponding temperature level achieved by means of the electric connection of the first dry reed pipe and the second dry reed pipe with different sampling channels of the battery management system, so that the battery management system can execute safety protection strategies with different levels according to the thermal abnormality degree of the battery core, and overtemperature early warning functions with different levels of the same battery core are realized.
The thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell is larger than the maximum temperature of the battery cell in normal operation.
In one possible design, the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensitive magnet or the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensitive magnet is less than the thermal runaway critical temperature of the electrical core.
Considering that the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet may be set closer to the thermal runaway critical temperature of the cell, then it may occur that: the battery cell is in fact thermally abnormal, and the battery management system does not perform early warning. Based on this, this application can set up the curie temperature of second temperature sensing magnet and be less than the curie temperature of first temperature sensing magnet, and the curie temperature of first temperature sensing magnet is less than the thermal runaway critical temperature of electric core to through the setting up of second temperature sensing magnet can sense fast that electric core takes place thermal anomaly, solved because the too high of curie temperature setting of single temperature sensing magnet leads to the timely problem inadequately of early warning. Alternatively, considering that the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet may also be set much smaller than the thermal runaway critical temperature of the cell, it may occur that: the battery cell is not in fact thermally abnormal, and the battery management system is in early warning condition. Based on this, this application can set up the curie temperature of second temperature sensing magnet and be greater than the curie temperature of first temperature sensing magnet, and the curie temperature of second temperature sensing magnet is less than the thermal runaway critical temperature of electric core to can accurately detect through the setting of second temperature sensing magnet that electric core takes place thermal anomaly, solve because the too low problem that arouses the early warning too frequently of curie temperature setting of single temperature sensing magnet.
In summary, this application can set up like the temperature sensing magnet and the dry-type reed pipe of multiunit pairing such as two sets of, three sets of, four sets of for battery management system is according to the thermal anomaly of different degree of electric core, can in time take corresponding grade's battery overtemperature management strategy, for example battery cooling system cooling or major loop circuit break etc. avoided the inside temperature of electric core to continue rising, prevented that the electric core from producing thermal runaway critical temperature and corresponding degree's thermal anomaly because the inside temperature of electric core continues rising, also can accurately realize the battery overtemperature early warning function of electric core, saved the expense that leads to the early warning number of times too much because the early warning is inaccurate enough, be favorable to the battery can continuously normally supply power.
In one possible design, the dry reed pipe is a normally open dry reed pipe;
after the magnetism of the temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed from the low-impedance conduction state to the high-impedance non-conduction state.
In one possible design, the dry reed pipe is a normally closed dry reed pipe;
after the magnetism of the temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed from the high-impedance non-conduction state to the low-impedance conduction state.
In one possible design, the dry reed pipe is a switching dry reed pipe, the first end and the second end of the dry reed pipe form a first channel, and the first end and the third end of the dry reed pipe form a second channel;
after the magnetism of the temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first channel is changed from the low-impedance conducting state to the high-impedance non-conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel is changed from the high-impedance non-conducting state to the low-impedance conducting state.
The battery provided by the embodiment provides a plurality of possible implementation modes for the dry reed pipe in the battery.
In one possible design, the dry reed tube is fixed on the outer surface of the cell housing;
or the dry reed pipe is fixedly arranged outside the battery core shell.
In one possible design, the temperature-sensing magnet is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the battery cell shell;
or the temperature sensing magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the battery cell shell;
or the temperature sensing magnet is fixedly arranged outside the battery cell shell.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery module, comprising: at least one of the first aspect and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
In one possible design, when the battery module comprises a first cell and a second cell, the dry reed tube in the first cell is electrically connected in series with the dry reed tube in the second cell.
In one possible design, when the battery module includes a first cell and a second cell, the dry reed tube in the first cell is electrically connected in parallel with the dry reed tube in the second cell.
The dry reed pipe in the first electric core and the dry reed pipe in the second electric core are also used for being electrically connected with the same sampling channel of the battery management system, so that the battery management system determines that the electric core is thermally abnormal in the first electric core and the second electric core after detecting that the conducting state of the dry reed pipe in the first electric core and/or the conducting state of the dry reed pipe in the second electric core is changed.
According to the battery module provided by the embodiment, the dry reed pipes in the multiple electric cores are electrically connected in series and/or in parallel, and are electrically connected with the same sampling channels of the battery management system, so that the battery management system can monitor whether the electric cores in the multiple electric cores are abnormal thermally, the problem that the number of the sampling channels of the battery management system is limited is solved, the response speed of early warning on the abnormal electric cores in the multiple electric cores is improved, and the sensitivity and reliability of detection are improved.
The beneficial effects of the battery module provided in the second aspect may be referred to as beneficial effects caused by the implementation manners of the first aspect and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, which are not described herein.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery comprising: a battery management system and a battery module in any one of the second aspect and the second aspect;
and the battery management system is used for detecting the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe and determining that the battery core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed.
In one possible design, the battery management system includes: a detection module and a host unit;
the detection module is electrically connected with the dry reed pipe in the battery module, and is also electrically connected with the host unit;
the detection module is used for sending a detection result to the host unit after detecting that the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed;
and the host unit is used for determining that the battery core corresponding to the dry reed pipe in the battery module is thermally abnormal after receiving the detection result.
Wherein the detection module is integrated in the host unit; alternatively, the detection module is provided separately from the host unit.
The advantages of the battery provided in the third aspect may be referred to as the advantages of the embodiments in any one of the second aspect and the possible designs of the second aspect, and are not described herein.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: the battery of any one of the possible designs of the third aspect and the third aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a mobile device comprising: the battery of any one of the possible designs of the third aspect and the third aspect.
In a sixth aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device comprising: the battery of any one of the possible designs of the third aspect and the third aspect.
The beneficial effects of the electronic device, the mobile device and the energy storage device provided in the foregoing aspect may be referred to the beneficial effects of the foregoing third aspect and each possible implementation manner of the third aspect, which are not described herein again.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery overtemperature management strategy according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery thermal anomaly early warning method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a Xie Miaonuo Semenov thermal diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between magnetism and temperature of a temperature sensing magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an operating principle of a normally open dry reed pipe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a normally closed dry reed pipe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12A is a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12B is a schematic diagram of an operating principle of a switching dry reed pipe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 16 is a flow chart of a battery thermal anomaly early warning method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 21 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a battery;
10-a battery module; 20-a battery management system;
100-cell; 100 a-a first cell; 100 b-a second cell;
101-bare cell; 102-a cell housing; 103-a first temperature-sensitive magnet; 104-a first dry reed pipe;
105—a second temperature-sensitive magnet; 106-a second dry reed pipe; 107-electrolyte;
201—a detection module; 202-host unit.
Detailed Description
In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c alone may represent: a alone, b alone, c alone, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, b and c, or a combination of a, b and c, wherein a, b, c may be single or plural. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," and the like refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In one approach to conventional battery thermal anomaly detection, a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient (negative temperature coefficient, NTC) is typically employed to measure the temperature inside the cell. Therefore, the thermistor can transmit the measured temperature data to a battery management system (battery management system, BMS) so that the BMS can regulate and control the temperature of the battery or the battery pack according to the temperature data, and the monitoring and protection functions of the thermal abnormality of the battery are realized.
In another scheme of traditional battery thermal anomaly detection, a fuse protection component (fuse) is connected in series between a pole and a pole lug of an electric core. Under the scene that the large current leads to the thermal abnormality of the battery core, the fusing protection part can be fused thermally, so that a current loop is cut off, and the thermal safety of the battery is ensured. However, the fuse protection member cannot be applied to a case of abnormal cell heat such as an internal short circuit of the cell or burning outside the cell.
The two schemes have the following problems aiming at the detection process of the thermal abnormality of the battery:
1. the early warning deviation of the thermal abnormality of the battery cell is large
Since the core pole groups inside the cells are typically stacked or wound structures. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the winding core pole group in the battery core in the stacking direction and the vertical direction is greatly different, so that the temperature in the battery core has obvious three-dimensional effect. When a thermal abnormality occurs in the cell, the initial heat source is usually a point-shaped heat source, and heat generated by the initial heat source needs to pass through multiple components (such as a pole group/a pole ear/a pole post of the cell) and different contact surfaces to be transferred to the surface of the shell of the cell, so that a significant temperature difference exists between the interior of the cell and the surface of the shell of the cell.
Therefore, the temperature probe arranged on the surface of the shell of the battery cell cannot accurately detect the temperature inside the battery cell, so that the thermal abnormality of the battery cell cannot be accurately pre-warned.
2. Early warning time lag of electrical core thermal abnormality
When the battery cell is thermally abnormal, heat generated by the heat source is transferred to the shell surface of the battery cell through a plurality of components and different contact surfaces, and the temperature rise of the shell surface of the resistor has obvious time delay.
3. Fewer number of detection positions in battery pack
The battery pack is limited by the number of sampling channels of the BMS, and in the battery pack, detection positions cannot be distributed for each battery cell, too many detection positions cannot be distributed for the same battery cell, so that the temperature state of each battery cell cannot be monitored in real time and comprehensively, and local thermal abnormality of the battery cell cannot be responded quickly.
4. Whether the battery core is overheated or not can not be distinguished
The cell with overheat abnormality has irreversible damage to its internal structure, diaphragm, material system and electrochemical interface. However, the related inspection process sets the early warning function on the battery module or the battery level, and is separated from the battery core, so that the battery core with overheat abnormality cannot be recorded, and the monitoring and screening of the battery core in various links of production, transportation, storage and use are not facilitated.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery cell, a battery module, a battery, an electronic device, a mobile device and an energy storage device, which can be applied to various power backup scenarios.
The electronic device may be a mobile phone (such as a folding screen mobile phone, a large screen mobile phone, etc.), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wearable device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), an internet book, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a smart television, a smart screen, a high definition television, a 4K television, a smart speaker, a smart projector, etc., which is not limited in particular type of the electronic device.
The mobile device may be an in-vehicle apparatus, such as an electric car, an electric bicycle, or the like.
The energy storage device can be a communication station, a data center, an energy storage power station and the like.
For any one cell, the corresponding battery management system can determine whether the cell is thermally abnormal by means of the temperature sensing devices of the temperature sensing magnet and the dry reed pipe and by means of a wireless magnetic induction detection response mode.
Thus, the battery management system may take a corresponding battery over-temperature management policy. The battery management system can realize various input signal processing, management decision and control strategies and other battery overtemperature management strategies, such as thermal safety early warning, battery cooling system cooling, main loop disconnection of a battery module and the like.
Next, the working principle of the battery management system for executing the battery overtemperature management policy will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery overtemperature management strategy according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the temperature inside the battery cell is detected by using a temperature-sensing magnet, i.e. the ambient temperature T1 of the temperature-sensing magnet is the temperature T inside the battery cell Cell . When the electric core is thermally abnormal, the temperature change of the electric core can induce the magnetic transformation of the temperature sensing magnet, and the magnetic transformation of the temperature sensing magnet can change the conduction state of the dry reed pipe. Therefore, after the battery management system detects that the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed, the battery cell can be determined to have thermal abnormality.
Therefore, by means of the temperature sensing magnet and the dry reed pipe, the temperature inside the battery core when the thermal abnormality occurs can be accurately detected, the thermal abnormality of the battery core can be accurately and timely early-warned, the problem that the thermal abnormality of the battery core is inaccurate or early-warning time is delayed is solved, the response speed of early-warning the thermal abnormality of the battery core is improved, and the safety protection capability of a battery is improved.
Meanwhile, based on the layout of the temperature sensing magnet and the dry reed pipe, the temperature sensing magnet is convenient to detect the temperature inside the battery cell, the battery management system is convenient to detect whether the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed, and the association response of the temperature sensing magnet and the dry reed pipe does not need to penetrate through the battery cell shell through an entity wire harness.
Therefore, the whole structure of the battery cell shell is not required to be damaged, the problems of package leakage and the like are not caused, the service life of the battery cell is prolonged, the reliability and the safety of the battery cell are ensured, and the large-scale mass production and use are facilitated.
Further, since the magnetic transition of the temperature sensing magnet is irreversible after the ambient temperature of the temperature sensing magnet is higher than the curie temperature of the temperature sensing magnet. Therefore, whether the temperature sensing magnet is subjected to magnetic transformation or not can be used as a characteristic record of whether the battery cell is subjected to overheating abnormality or not. And/or whether the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed or not can be detected. Therefore, whether the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed or not can be used as a screening basis for judging whether the battery core is overheated or not. Therefore, the safety risk caused by overheat abnormality of the battery cell is avoided.
For any one cell, a matched temperature sensing magnet and a dry reed pipe can be arranged, so that the overtemperature early warning function of a single cell is realized, and the reliability and the thermal safety of the cell are improved.
The dry reed pipes in the battery cells can be selected from the same type or multiple types, and the dry reed pipes can be specifically set according to the number of the battery cells in the battery, the requirement of detection working conditions and other factors.
For the same battery core, a plurality of groups of paired temperature sensing magnets and dry reed pipes can be further arranged, the Curie temperatures of the temperature sensing magnets in each group are different, and the dry reed pipes in each group are electrically connected with the battery management system through different sampling channels, so that the battery management system can detect the abnormal degree of the same battery core and the corresponding temperature through different sampling channels, and the battery management system can accurately and timely execute different levels of safety protection on the battery, and the overtemperature early warning function of the same battery core at different levels is realized.
The dry reed pipes with different Curie temperatures can be selected from the same type or multiple types of dry reed pipes, and can be specifically set according to factors such as the number of electric cores in the battery, the requirement of detection working conditions and the like.
For the battery module, one or more electric cores can be selected as a group, each group of electric cores is used as a whole to set a paired temperature sensing magnet and dry reed pipes, the dry reed pipes in each group of electric cores are electrically connected in series and/or in parallel, and the dry reed pipes in each group of electric cores are electrically connected with a battery management system through the same sampling channel, so that the battery management system can jointly monitor the temperature states of the group of electric cores through the same sampling channel, the influence of whether the detection positions of the battery management system are less or the temperature sensing magnet setting positions are more biased without detecting whether the electric cores are thermally abnormal is eliminated, the problem that the sampling channels of the battery management system are limited is solved, the overtemperature early warning function of the electric cores is realized, the early warning response speed is improved, and the sensitivity and reliability of the early warning system are improved.
Based on the above description, specific implementation manners of the battery cell, the battery module, and the battery of the present application are respectively described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery 1 of the present application may include: battery management system 20, and battery module 10.
In fig. 2, the battery 1 may include: a battery management system 20, and one or more battery modules 10. One battery management system 20 corresponds to each battery module 10. For convenience of explanation, fig. 2 illustrates 1 battery module 10 as an example.
Further, the battery 1 may further include: one or more sets of paired battery management systems 20 and battery modules 10. The paired battery management systems 20 in each group are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery modules 10.
The specific implementation of the battery management system 20 and the battery cell 100 is not limited herein.
Any one of the battery modules 10 of the present application may include: one or more battery cells 100. For ease of illustration, 2 cells 100 are illustrated in fig. 2. When the battery module 10 includes a plurality of the battery cells 100, the plurality of battery cells 100 may be electrically connected in series and/or electrically connected in parallel. It should be appreciated that a plurality of cells 100 electrically connected in series may increase the capacity of the battery 1. Multiple cells 100 electrically connected in parallel may increase the voltage of the battery 1. Multiple cells 100 electrically connected in series-parallel may increase the capacity and voltage of the battery 1.
Based on the above description, the battery cell 100 in the battery module 10 has an overtemperature warning function.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial architecture of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3, the cell 100 of the present application may include: the battery comprises a bare cell 101, electrolyte 107, a cell housing 102, a first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 and a first dry reed pipe 104. The battery management system 20 of the present application may include: a detection module 201 and a host unit 202.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for early warning of thermal anomalies of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. Based on the battery 1 shown in fig. 2-3, as shown in fig. 4, the battery thermal anomaly early warning method of the present application may include:
s101, sensing the temperature inside the battery cell by a first temperature sensing magnet; if the temperature inside the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell.
S102, after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed.
And S103, after detecting that the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, the battery management system determines that the battery cell is thermally abnormal.
Based on the above description, the specific implementation of each module in the battery 1 is sequentially described below.
1. Bare cell 101
The occurrence of thermal anomalies in the cell 100 referred to in this application can be understood as: in the case where the temperature inside the battery cell 100 may be excessively high, the battery cell 100 is about to undergo thermal runaway or the battery cell 100 has undergone thermal runaway.
Wherein the bare cell 101 is an integral part of the cell 100. In some embodiments, the bare cell 101 may include: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The battery cell 100 may be a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery cell.
Next, the operation principle of the battery cell 100 in thermal abnormality will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 illustrates a Xie Miaonuo f segment over thermal map provided by an embodiment of the present application.
For convenience of explanation, in fig. 5, the abscissa represents temperature (T), and the ordinate represents rate (rate) q, without units.
As shown in fig. 5, solid line 1 may represent the heat generation rate q of the cell 100 G And the temperature T inside the battery cell 100 Cell The relationship between these, dashed line 2, may represent the heat dissipation rate q of the cell 100 L And the temperature T inside the battery cell 100 Cell Relationship between them.
Wherein the heat generation rate q of the battery cell 100 G Is an exponential function of temperature, following the Arrhenii Wu Sigong equation (Arrhenius equation). Thus, the heat generation rate q of the battery cell 100 G And the temperature T inside the battery cell 100 Cell The relationship between them can be expressed using equation one:
wherein the heat dissipation rate q of the cell 100 L Is a linear function of temperature, following newton's law of cooling. Thus, the heat dissipation rate q of the cell 100 L And the temperature T inside the battery cell 100 Cell The relationship between them can be expressed by the formula two:
q L ＝US(T-T 0 ) And a formula II.
Based on formulas one and two, the temperature T inside the cell 100 Cell Depending on: rate of heat generation q of cell 100 G Rate of heat dissipation q with cell 100 L Is a balance of (3). It can be seen that the heat generation rate q at the cell 100 G Greater than the heat dissipation rate q of the cell 100 L At this time, the temperature T inside the battery cell 100 Cell Greater than the thermal runaway critical temperature (or referred to as the non-return temperature) T of the cell 100 NR The heat accumulation of the cell 100 may cause spontaneous combustion or explosion. Wherein, the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR Is greater than the maximum temperature of the cell 100 during normal operation.
To sum up, the temperature T inside the battery cell 100 Cell Greater than the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR Before, it is necessary to pre-warn the occurrence of thermal abnormality of the battery cell 100 and start a cooling scheme of the battery cell 100, which is helpful for protecting the safe use of the battery cell 100. Temperature T inside cell 100 Cell Greater than the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR Later, the safety needs to be started in timeThe solution helps to reduce personnel and equipment damage due to spontaneous combustion or explosion of the cell 100.
2. Cell case 102 and electrolyte 107
The cell housing 102 is made of non-magnetic shielding material. It can be seen that the cell housing 102 is not magnetically shielded, i.e., the cell housing 102 is not shielded from electromagnetic induction effects. Therefore, the magnetic induction line generated by the first temperature sensing magnet 103 can pass through the battery core shell 102, so that the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 is located can be placed in a magnetic field.
The specific implementation of the cell housing 102 is not limited herein. For example, the cell housing 102 may be made of aluminum, aluminum plastic, glass, ceramic, plastic, non-magnetic steel, etc.
The cell housing 102 has a receiving cavity. The holding chamber is filled with an electrolyte 107. Thus, the bare cell 101 may be placed in the receiving cavity such that the electrolyte 107 is able to sufficiently infiltrate the bare cell 101. And the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be placed in the accommodating cavity or outside the accommodating cavity, and the first dry reed pipe 104 can be placed outside the accommodating cavity.
Parameters such as size, number and shape of the accommodating cavities are not limited in the application.
Therefore, the arrangement of the battery cell housing 102 can play a role in protecting the battery cell 100, and the first dry reed pipe 104 can be separated, so that the first dry reed pipe 104 can conveniently detect the magnetic field change of the first temperature sensing magnet 103, and the first dry reed pipe 104 can be conveniently electrically connected with the battery management system 20, so that the battery cell housing 102 is not required to be penetrated, the structure of the battery cell housing 102 is not damaged, the long-term use of the battery cell 100 is ensured, and the reliability and the safety of the battery cell 100 are facilitated to be improved.
3. First temperature-sensitive magnet 103
The temperature sensitive magnet may also be referred to as a temperature sensitive permanent magnet. The curie temperature of the temperature sensing magnet refers to the temperature at which the spontaneous magnetization intensity of the magnetic material of the temperature sensing magnet is reduced to zero, and is also the critical point at which the magnetic material is magnetically transformed (i.e. from ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic to paramagnetic).
In this application, the first temperature sensing magnet 103 may sense the temperature inside the battery cell 100. When the temperature inside the battery cell 100 is equal to or higher than the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 disappears, and the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell 100.
Next, the relationship between the magnetic transition of the temperature sensing magnet and the curie temperature of the temperature sensing magnet will be described in detail with reference to fig. 6.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between magnetism and temperature of a temperature sensing magnet according to an embodiment of the present application. In fig. 6, each of the irregular patterns represents a magnetic domain in the temperature sensing magnet, and the direction of an arrow in each of the irregular patterns represents the orientation of the magnetic moment of the magnetic domain.
As shown in fig. 6, around the curie temperature Tc, the magnetism of the temperature sensitive magnet changes as the temperature rises. The material of the temperature sensing magnet is not limited. Generally, the temperature sensing magnet can be selected from temperature sensing magnets with characteristic chemical components, crystal structures, doping element types and doping concentrations, so that the temperature sensing magnet is convenient to have different curie temperatures, and the overtemperature early warning function of the battery cell 100 is realized.
For example, a neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) system or a samarium cobalt (SmCo) system may be used as the temperature sensitive magnet. In addition, a ferrite permanent magnet probe (curie temperature tc=65℃) can be used for the temperature-sensitive magnet.
When the ambient temperature T1 of the temperature sensing magnet is lower than the curie temperature Tc of the temperature sensing magnet, the magnetic moments of the magnetic domains in the temperature sensing magnet are orderly arranged, and the magnetic moments of the magnetic domains are parallel in orientation, namely, the directions of arrows in all irregular patterns shown in fig. 6 are parallel, so that spontaneous magnetization can be generated. Therefore, the temperature-sensitive magnet has stronger permanent magnetism (such as ferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism).
As the ambient temperature of the temperature sensing magnet continuously rises, when the ambient temperature T1 of the temperature sensing magnet is greater than the curie temperature Tc of the temperature sensing magnet, severe thermal variation occurs in the magnetic domains in the temperature sensing magnet, so that the arrangement of the magnetic moments is disordered, the orientations of the magnetic moments of the magnetic domains are disordered, namely, the directions of arrows in all the irregular patterns shown in fig. 6 are disordered, and magnetism can be counteracted. Therefore, the temperature-sensitive magnet becomes paramagnetic, and the magnetism of the temperature-sensitive magnet rapidly decreases until it disappears, i.e., the magnetism becomes weaker from strong) or becomes from present to absent.
It can be seen that the shape and size of the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be based on the internal temperature of the battery cell 100 when thermal abnormality occurs (i.e., the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR ) The selection is made such that the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR Matching, it can be understood that the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is equal to the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR The difference between the Curie temperature and the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 can be considered as being within the first preset range NR Matching.
The specific numerical value of the first preset range is not limited in this application.
For example, the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR The first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 may be selected from magnets having curie temperatures within a range, for example, from magnets having curie temperatures greater than 80 ℃ and less than 120 ℃.
Further, the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 is positively correlated with the temperature inside the battery cell 100. Thus, the temperature change of the battery cell 100 may induce the magnetic transformation of the first temperature sensing magnet 103, so that the magnetic transformation of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 can accurately reflect the temperature inside the battery cell 100 when the thermal abnormality occurs.
In addition, the specific value of the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 is not limited in the present application. For example, the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 ranges from 60 ℃ to 300 ℃.
Here, the specific position of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is not limited in this application.
Referring to fig. 7-8, fig. 7-8 show schematic diagrams of a cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 7, the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 is placed in the accommodation chamber. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may be fixed on the inner surface of the battery cell housing 102 (illustrated in fig. 7 in this manner).
Therefore, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is closer to the electric core 100, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can more accurately detect the temperature inside the electric core 100, and the electric core shell 102 can separate the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 from the first dry reed pipe 104, so that the internal space of the electric core 100 is fully utilized, and the complete structure of the electric core shell 102 is not required to be damaged.
As shown in fig. 8, the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 is disposed outside the accommodation chamber. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may be fixed on the outer surface of the battery cell housing 102 (illustrated in fig. 8 in this manner). Alternatively, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may be fixed outside the battery cell housing 102, that is, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may not contact the surface of the battery cell housing 102, so as to separate the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the battery cell housing 102.
When the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is fixedly arranged outside the battery cell casing 102, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is close to the battery cell casing 102, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can penetrate through the battery cell 100 to sense heat generated by the battery cell 100, and the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can reflect the temperature change of the battery cell 100. The distance between the first temperature sensing magnet 103 and the battery cell casing 102 is set to a smaller range, and specific values thereof are not limited in the present application.
When the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is fixed on the outside of the battery cell housing 102, the battery cell 100 may further include: a heat conducting member. The heat conducting member may be made of heat conducting glue or heat conducting silicone grease, which is not limited in this application. Further, the heat conductive member can help the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 to accurately reflect the temperature change of the battery cell 100.
Therefore, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be flexibly arranged, the problem that the internal space of the battery cell 100 is limited is fully considered, and the separation arrangement of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first dry reed pipe 104 is realized without damaging the complete structure of the battery cell shell 102.
The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may be fixed in the electric core 100 by welding, embedding or gluing, etc., so as to ensure that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 does not move along with the shaking of the electric core 100. In addition, the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 may be fixed by means of the battery cell 100/battery management system 20.
In summary, based on the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR The temperature change of the battery cell 100 may induce a magnetic transition of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. That is, the temperature inside the cell 100 does not exceed the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR When the battery cell 100 is not thermally abnormal, the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 has strong magnetism. The temperature inside the cell 100 does not exceed the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR At this time, the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal, and the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may gradually decrease until it disappears.
In addition, the first preset temperature can be set, and the first preset temperature is related to the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and can be used as the temperature at which the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is converted, so that the thermal abnormality of the battery cell 100 can be timely identified.
The specific value of the first preset temperature is not limited in this application. In some embodiments, the first preset temperature may be equal to the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103, which is advantageous for accurately detecting the internal temperature of the battery cell 100 when thermal anomalies occur. Or, the first preset temperature may be higher than the curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet 103, which fully considers the factors such as a certain bearing capacity of the battery cell 100 and temperature deviation of related components due to the manufacturing process.
4. First dry reed pipe 104
Dry reed tubes, also known as reed tubes or magnetrons. The dry reed pipe is a passive line switch device which can utilize magnetic field and has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, convenient control and the like.
In this application, the first dry reed pipe 104 may be disposed outside the accommodating chamber. Therefore, the first dry reed pipe 104 and the first temperature sensing magnet 103 are arranged separately, and the complete structure of the battery cell shell 102 is not required to be damaged.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the first dry reed switch 104 can be fixed to the outer surface of the battery housing 102. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8, the first dry reed pipe 104 may be fixed outside the battery cell housing 102, that is, the first dry reed pipe 104 may not contact the surface of the battery cell housing 102.
It should be noted that, when the first dry reed pipe 104 and the first temperature sensing magnet 103 are both fixed outside the battery cell housing 102, the first dry reed pipe 104 and the first temperature sensing magnet 103 may be integrally disposed, and the complete structure of the battery cell housing 102 is not required to be damaged.
The first dry reed pipe 104 can be fixedly arranged in the battery core 100 by adopting a mode such as bracket, welding, embedding or gluing, etc., so that the first dry reed pipe 104 can be ensured not to move along with the shaking of the battery core 100. Additionally, the first dry reed switch 104 can be secured by the cell housing 102/battery management system 20.
The first dry reed pipe 104 can be matched with the first temperature sensing magnet 103. The space where the first dry reed pipe 104 is located can be placed in the magnetic field generated by the first temperature sensing magnet 103, so that the first dry reed pipe 104 can detect the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103. After the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 gradually weakens until disappearing, the magnetic induction intensity of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is irreversibly reduced until disappearing, and the magnetic field of the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 is located is reduced until disappearing. Thus, after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 will be changed.
The first dry reed pipe 104 is also electrically connected to a sampling channel (schematically shown as sampling channel 1 in fig. 3) of the detection module 201. Wherein the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 may comprise one or more terminals. Based on the above electrical connection, the detection module 201 can detect whether the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed in real time.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 may determine that the battery cell 100 is abnormal in heat generation.
Wherein, the first dry reed pipe 104 may comprise: a normally open dry reed pipe, a normally closed dry reed pipe and a switching dry reed pipe.
Next, the operation principle of the three types of dry reed pipes will be described in detail with reference to fig. 9, 10, 11, and 12A to 12B.
For convenience of explanation, in each figure, the first temperature sensing magnet 103 is fixed on the inner surface of the electric core 100, the first dry reed pipe 104 is fixed on the outer surface of the electric core 100, the first temperature sensing magnet 103 includes two magnetic poles of south pole (S) and north pole (N), and dotted lines represent magnetic induction lines generated by the corresponding temperature sensing magnets, and are exemplified.
Referring to fig. 9-10, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a part of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a working principle of a normally open dry reed pipe according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 9-10, the first dry reed pipe 104 is a normally open dry reed pipe, i.e., an a-type dry reed pipe.
The normally open dry reed pipe comprises two terminals, namely a first end P1 and a second end P2.
When a magnetic field exists in the space of the normally open dry reed pipe, the reed inside the normally open dry reed pipe is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the normally open dry reed pipe are conducted. At this time, the normally open dry reed pipe is in a low-impedance conduction state.
When the magnetic field of the space where the normally open dry reed pipe is located is disappeared (namely, no magnetic field), the reed inside the normally open dry reed pipe is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the normally open dry reed pipe are disconnected. At this time, the normally open dry reed pipe is in a high-impedance non-conductive state.
The number of the first dry reed pipes 104 may be one or more normally open dry reed pipes.
When the number of the first dry reed pipes 104 is one normally open dry reed pipe, both ends (a first end P1 and a second end P2) of one normally open dry reed pipe are electrically connected in series with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201. When the number of the first dry reed pipes 104 is a plurality of normally open dry reed pipes, the plurality of normally open dry reed pipes are electrically connected in series, and the plurality of normally open dry reed pipes after being connected in series are electrically connected in series with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 at both ends (the first end P1 and the second end P2) from the beginning to the end.
The sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 may include: a first end 1 and a second end 2 of the detection module 201. The first end P1 is electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201, and the second end P2 is electrically connected to the second end 2 of the detection module 201.
In summary, when the first dry reed pipe 104 is a normally open dry reed pipe, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 may be changed from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state as the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 changes from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 can determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100.
It should be noted that, when the battery cell 100 is in a normal working condition, the normally open dry reed pipe is connected to the battery management system 200, i.e. the loop formed by the two is conductive. Therefore, the normally open dry reed pipe can have a self-checking function, and the phenomenon that the conduction state of the normally open dry reed pipe cannot be changed due to poor connection or disconnection of the normally open dry reed pipe can be eliminated. When the battery cell 100 is in the thermal anomaly condition, the conduction state of the normally open dry reed pipe can be changed, so that the battery management system 200 can determine that the battery cell 100 is thermally anomalous.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation principle of a normally closed dry reed pipe according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the first dry reed pipe 104 is a normally closed dry reed pipe, i.e., a B-type dry reed pipe.
The normally closed dry reed pipe comprises two terminals, namely a first end P1 and a second end P2.
When a magnetic field exists in the space of the normally-closed dry reed pipe, the reed inside the normally-closed dry reed pipe is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the normally-closed dry reed pipe are disconnected. At this time, the normally closed dry reed pipe is in a high-impedance non-conductive state.
When the magnetic field of the space where the normally closed dry reed pipe is located is disappeared (namely, no magnetic field), the reed inside the normally closed dry reed pipe is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the normally closed dry reed pipe are conducted. At this time, the normally closed dry reed pipe is in a low-impedance conduction state.
The number of the first dry reed pipes 104 may be one or more normally-closed dry reed pipes.
When the number of the first dry reed pipes 104 is one normally-closed dry reed pipe, both ends (a first end P1 and a second end P2) of one normally-open dry reed pipe are electrically connected in parallel with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201. When the number of the first dry reed pipes 104 is a plurality of normally-closed dry reed pipes, each of the normally-closed dry reed pipes is electrically connected in parallel, and both ends (a first end P1 and a second end P2) of each of the normally-closed dry reed pipes are electrically connected in parallel with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201.
The sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 may include: a first end 1 and a second end 2 of the detection module 201. The first and second terminals P1 and P2 are electrically connected in parallel with the first and second terminals 1 and 2 of the detection module 201, respectively.
In summary, when the first dry reed pipe 104 is a normally closed dry reed pipe, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 may be changed from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state as the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 changes from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 can determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100.
It should be noted that, under the normal working condition of the battery cell 100, the normally closed dry reed pipe is disconnected from the battery management system 200, i.e. the loop formed by the normally closed dry reed pipe and the battery management system is not conductive. Therefore, the normally closed dry reed pipe does not cause standby consumption of the power supply of the battery management system 200, and is easy to network, convenient to wire and higher in sensitivity and reliability. When the battery cell 100 is in the thermal abnormality working condition, the conduction state of the normally-closed dry reed pipe can be changed, so that the battery management system 200 can determine that the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal.
Referring to fig. 12A-12B, fig. 12A shows a schematic view of a portion of a battery structure according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 12B shows a schematic view of an operating principle of a switching dry reed pipe according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 12A-12B, the first dry reed pipe 104 is a switching dry reed pipe, i.e., a C-type dry reed pipe.
The switching dry reed pipe comprises three terminals, namely a first end P2, a second end P1 and a third end P3. The first end P2 and the second end P1 may form a first channel, and the first end P2 and the third end P3 may form a second channel.
When a magnetic field exists in the space of the switching type dry reed pipe, the first end P2 and the second end P1 of the switching type dry reed pipe are conducted, and the first end P2 and the third end P3 of the switching type dry reed pipe are disconnected. At this time, the conducting state of the first channel is a low-impedance conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel is a high-impedance non-conducting state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the switching type dry reed pipe is located is disappeared (i.e. no magnetic field), the reed inside the switching type dry reed pipe switches the corresponding connecting terminal, namely the first end P2 and the second end P1 of the switching type dry reed pipe are disconnected, and the first end P2 and the third end P3 of the switching type dry reed pipe are conducted. At this time, the conducting state of the first channel is a high-impedance non-conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel is a low-impedance conducting state.
The number of the first dry reed pipes 104 may be one or more switching dry reed pipes.
When the number of the first dry reed pipes 104 is one switching dry reed pipe, the first channel (the first end P2 and the second end P1) of one switching dry reed pipe is electrically connected in series with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201. The second channel (the first end P2 and the third end P3) of one switching dry reed tube is electrically connected in parallel with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201.
When the number of the first dry reed pipes 104 is a plurality of switching dry reed pipes, the first channels of the plurality of switching dry reed pipes are electrically connected in series, and the plurality of switching dry reed pipes after being connected in series are electrically connected in series with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 at the two ends (the first end P2 and the second end P1) of the head and tail.
The second channels of the switching dry reed pipes are electrically connected in parallel, and both ends (the first end P2 and the third end P3) of the second channels of the switching dry reed pipes are electrically connected in parallel with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201.
The sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 may include: a first end 1, a second end 2 and a third end 3 of the detection module 201. In the first channel, the first end P2 is electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201, and the second end P1 is electrically connected to the second end 1 of the detection module 201. In the second channel, the first end P2 is electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201, and the third end P3 is electrically connected to the third end 3 of the detection module 201.
In summary, when the first dry reed pipe 104 is a switching dry reed pipe, the conducting state of the first channel can be changed from the low-impedance conducting state to the high-impedance non-conducting state and the conducting state of the second channel can be changed from the high-impedance non-conducting state to the low-impedance conducting state as the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the conductive state of the first channel is changed from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state and the conductive state of the second channel is changed from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 can determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100.
It should be noted that, under the normal working condition of the battery cell 100, the first channel of the switching dry reed switch is connected to the battery management system 200. Therefore, the switching type dry reed pipe can have a self-checking function, and the phenomenon that the conduction state of the switching type dry reed pipe cannot be changed due to poor connection or disconnection of the switching type dry reed pipe is eliminated. When the battery cell 100 is in the thermal abnormality condition, the conduction state of the switching dry reed pipe can be changed, so that the battery management system 200 can determine that the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal.
5. Detection module 201 and host unit 202
The detection module 201 is electrically connected to the first dry reed pipe 104, and the aforementioned electrical connection relationship can be seen from the foregoing description. Based on the above electrical connection, the detection module 201 can detect whether the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed in real time, and the specific implementation of the above process can be referred to the above description, which is not repeated here.
The detection module 201 is also electrically connected to the host unit 202. The communication between the detection module 201 and the host unit 202 may be implemented based on, for example, a controller area network bus (controller area network, CAN) protocol. Alternatively, the detection module 201 and the host unit 202 may also implement communication of analog signals, such as detecting current, resistance, or voltage, and may use ohmmeter, bridge voltage division, or pull-up resistor voltage division.
The specific implementation of the detection module 201 and the host unit 202 is not limited herein. In some embodiments, the detection module 201 may be integrally provided in the host unit 202. Alternatively, the detection module 201 may be provided separately from the host unit 202.
The detection module 201 may be a multiplexing detection module that is already present in the battery 1, or may be a newly added detection module in the battery 1. The insulation detection module can detect whether the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed, and detect whether the battery 1 has a ground fault when the battery 1 is started, so as to ensure that the battery 1 can safely operate.
Alternatively, the detection module 201 may also reuse an existing temperature sampling module (such as NTC) in the battery 1, or may be a newly added temperature sampling module in the battery 1. The temperature sampling module can detect whether the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed or not, and also can detect the temperature of the battery 1 in real time to ensure that the battery 1 can safely operate.
Alternatively, the detection module 201 may employ the insulation detection module and the temperature sampling module described above.
Based on the above electrical connection relationship, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed. When the detection module 201 does not detect the change of the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe 104, it can continuously detect whether the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed.
The specific implementation manner of the detection result is not limited in the application.
When the detection result is a digital signal "0/1", the detection module 201 and the host unit 202 may negotiate in advance: whether the level of the detection result jumps or not indicates whether the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100 or not. Specifically, when the level of the detection result jumps, it indicates that the electrical core 100 is thermally abnormal; if the level of the detection result is not hopped, it indicates that the cell 100 is not thermally abnormal.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send a detection result of the level jump to the host unit 202 after detecting that the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed. After detecting that the level jump occurs in the detection result, the host unit 202 may determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100.
Alternatively, when the detection result is a digital signal "0/1", the detection module 201 and the host unit 202 may negotiate in advance: whether the result is transmitted or not is indicative of whether thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100. Specifically, if the detection result is sent, it indicates that the electrical core 100 is thermally abnormal; if the detection result is not transmitted, it indicates that the cell 100 is not thermally abnormal.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 may determine that the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal.
The level jump of the detection result can be understood as: a transition from a high level "1" to a low level "0", or a transition from a low level "0" to a high level "1".
When the detection result is an analog signal, the detection module 201 and the host unit 202 may negotiate in advance: the amplitude variation of the voltage of the detection result is less than or equal to the threshold voltage (threshold voltage) V g And the magnitude of (c) indicates that the cell 100 is thermally abnormal. The amplitude variation of the voltage of the detection result is larger than the threshold voltage V g And the magnitude of (c) indicates that no thermal anomaly has occurred in cell 100.
Wherein the threshold voltage V g Refers to: the voltage of the battery cell 100 corresponding to the occurrence of the thermal abnormality from the occurrence of the thermal abnormality is used to determine whether or not the magnetism of the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 is lost. Correspondingly, threshold voltage V g Is determined based on the curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet 103, the sensing sensitivity of the first dry reed pipe 104, and the response sensitivities of the detection module 201 and the host unit 202.
Thus, the detection module 201 can send a voltage with a magnitude less than or equal to the threshold voltage V to the host unit 202 after detecting the change of the conduction state of the first dry reed switch 104 g Is a result of detection of (a). The host unit 202 detects that the magnitude of the voltage of the detection result is reduced to be equal to or less than the threshold voltage V g Is determined to be thermally abnormal in the cell 100.
Next, a specific architecture of the detection module 201 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 13 to 14.
Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of a detection module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. For ease of illustration, the first dry reed pipe 104 is illustrated in fig. 13 as a normally open dry reed pipe as shown in fig. 10.
As shown in fig. 13, the detection module 201 may include: an ohmic meter. The first end and the second end of the ohmmeter can be regarded as the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201, i.e. the first end of the ohmmeter is the first end 1 of the detection module 201, and the second end of the ohmmeter is the second end 2 of the detection module 201.
The first end of the ohmmeter is electrically connected to the first end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104, the second end of the ohmmeter is electrically connected to the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104, and the fourth end 4 of the detection module 201 is electrically connected to the host unit 202.
After the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are disconnected. At this time, the ohmmeter will detect a high impedance exceeding a preset resistance value, and the detection module 201 may send the detection result to the host unit 202. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 may determine that the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal. Thus, the host unit 202 may assume a corresponding battery over-temperature management policy.
Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of a detection module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. For ease of illustration, the first dry reed pipe 104 is illustrated in fig. 14 as a normally closed dry reed pipe as shown in fig. 11.
As shown in fig. 14, the detection module 201 may include: a voltage source V1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. The first end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the low voltage power supply V1 can be regarded as the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201, that is, the first end of the resistor R1 is the first end 1 of the detection module 201, and the first end of the low voltage power supply V1 is the second end 2 of the detection module 201. In addition, the second end of the resistor R3 is the fifth end 5 of the detection module 201, and the second end of the resistor R4 is the sixth end 6 of the detection module 201.
The first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are electrically connected in parallel with the first end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the low voltage power supply V1, the second end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the resistor R3, the second end of the low voltage power supply V1 is electrically connected with the second end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the resistor R4, the second end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with the first end of the host unit 202, and the second end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the second end of the host unit 202.
The ratio of the resistances between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 may be set according to the output voltage of the low voltage power V1 and the voltage detection range of the host unit 202, so that the voltage at two ends of the resistor R2 can meet the access requirement of the host unit 202. The resistance value of the resistor R3 is equal to that of the resistor R4.
After the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are conducted. At this time, a voltage difference, i.e., a detection result, may be generated between the fifth terminal 5 and the sixth terminal 6 of the detection module 201. After detecting the foregoing detection result, the host unit 202 may determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100. Thus, the host unit 202 may assume a corresponding battery over-temperature management strategy for the battery cell 100.
It should be noted that the detection module 201 of the present application includes, but is not limited to, the implementation shown in fig. 13 and 14.
In summary, when the electrical core 100 is thermally abnormal, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, so that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed. Thus, the battery management system 20 may determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100 after detecting the change in the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104.
The battery cell, the battery module comprising the battery cell, the battery comprising the battery module and the setting and the device comprising the battery, through the detection response mode of wireless magnetic induction, based on the cooperation of the first temperature sensing magnet and the first dry reed pipe, the temperature inside the battery cell when the thermal abnormality occurs can be accurately detected, the thermal abnormality of the battery cell can be accurately and timely early-warned, the problem that hysteresis or inaccuracy exists in early-warning response of the thermal abnormality of the battery cell is solved, the response speed of early-warning of the thermal abnormality of the battery cell is improved, and the safety protection capability of the battery is improved. Meanwhile, based on the layout of the first temperature sensing magnet and the first dry reed pipe, the whole structure of the battery core shell is not required to be damaged, the problems of package leakage and the like are not caused, the service life of the battery is prolonged, the reliability and the safety of the battery are guaranteed, and large-scale mass production and use are facilitated.
Furthermore, the present application may also record: and whether the first temperature-sensing magnet is subjected to magnetic transformation or not and/or whether the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed or not can be used as a screening basis for judging whether the battery core is overheated or not, so that the safety risk caused by the overheat abnormality of the battery core is avoided.
Based on the description of the above embodiment, for the same electric core 100, multiple sets of paired temperature sensing magnets and dry reed pipes such as two sets, three sets, four sets and the like can be further arranged, the curie temperatures of the temperature sensing magnets in each set are different, and the dry reed pipes in each set are electrically connected with the battery management system 20 through different sampling channels, so that the battery management system 20 can detect the internal temperatures of the same electric core 100 in different degrees of thermal abnormality, and the overtemperature early warning function of the electric core 100 in different grades is realized.
Next, the battery 1 corresponding to the above will be described in detail. For ease of illustration, the present application is illustrated with two sets of paired temperature sensing magnets and dry reed tubes.
Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic view illustrating a portion of a battery structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 15, for the same cell 100, the cell 100 of the present application may further include, based on the architecture shown in fig. 4: a second temperature-sensitive magnet 105, and a second dry reed pipe 106.
Referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a flow chart illustrating a method for early warning of thermal anomalies of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Based on the battery 1 shown in fig. 15, as shown in fig. 16, the battery thermal abnormality warning method of the present application may include:
s201, sensing the temperature inside the battery cell by the first temperature sensing magnet; if the temperature inside the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell.
S202, after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed.
And S203, after the battery management system detects that the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, determining that the battery cell is thermally abnormal to a first degree. For example, the battery management system may perform a level of security precautions, such as notifying the relevant personnel.
S204, sensing the temperature inside the battery cell by the second temperature sensing magnet; and if the temperature inside the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell.
S205, after the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe is changed.
S206, after the battery management system detects that the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe is changed, determining that the battery cell is thermally abnormal to a second degree, wherein the second degree is different from the first degree. For example, the battery management system may perform secondary safety precautions, such as stopping operation of the battery cells.
The second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 may be placed inside the accommodation chamber, or the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 may be placed outside the accommodation chamber. The specific position of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 is not limited in this application, and the specific implementation manner thereof can be described with reference to the specific position of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 shown in fig. 7-8, which is not described herein.
Therefore, the magnetic induction line generated by the second temperature sensing magnet 105 can penetrate through the battery cell housing 102, so that the space where the second dry reed pipe 106 is located can be placed in a magnetic field.
The curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 is different from the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 can respectively detect the internal temperature of the battery cell 100 when different degrees of thermal anomalies occur, thereby being beneficial to reflecting the degree of thermal anomalies occurring in the battery cell 100 and realizing multi-stage early warning of the thermal anomalies of different degrees of the battery cell 100.
Based on the description of the embodiment of fig. 6, the specification of the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 may be based on the temperature inside the battery cell 100 when thermal anomalies occur (i.e., the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100) NR ) Selecting so that the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 and the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR Matching, it is understood that the Curie temperature is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR The difference between the Curie temperature and the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 can be considered as being within the second preset range NR Matching.
The specific numerical values of the second preset range are not limited in this application. The second preset range is different from the first preset range. The second preset range can be flexibly set according to the size of the first preset range.
The curie temperature of the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 is positively correlated with the temperature inside the battery cell 100. Thus, the temperature change of the battery cell 100 may induce the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105, so that the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 can accurately reflect the internal temperature of the battery cell 100 when the thermal abnormality occurs.
Thus, the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 is based on the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 NR The temperature change of the battery cell 100 may induce a magnetic transition of the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105. That is, when thermal abnormality does not occur in the battery cell 100, the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 has strong magnetism. When the battery cell 100 is thermally abnormal, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 may gradually decrease until it disappears.
Considering that the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may be set closer to the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell 100 NR Then it may occur that: the battery cell 100 has actually undergone thermal abnormality, and the battery management system 20 does not perform early warning.
Based on the above, the present application may set the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 to be lower than the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 being lower than the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR Thermal runaway critical temperature T of cell 100 NR Is greater than the maximum temperature of the cell 100 during normal operation.
As the temperature inside the battery cell 100 increases, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 is first changed. As the temperature inside the battery cell 100 continues to rise, the magnetic recurrence of the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 transitions. At this time, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 is not changed any more.
Therefore, the battery cell 100 can be rapidly sensed to be thermally abnormal through the arrangement of the second temperature sensing magnet 105, and the problem of insufficient early warning due to too high Curie temperature arrangement of a single temperature sensing magnet is avoided.
In fig. 16, the execution sequence of each step is as follows: S204-S205-S206-S201-S202-S203.
It is also possible to set the temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to be higher than the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 in consideration of the curie temperature NR Much smaller, then it may occur: the battery cell 100 has not actually experienced a thermal anomaly, but the battery management system 20 has already performed an early warning.
Based on the above, the present application may set the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 to be higher than the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 to be lower than the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell 100 NR Thermal runaway critical temperature T of cell 100 NR Is greater than the maximum temperature of the cell 100 during normal operation.
As the temperature inside the battery cell 100 increases, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is first changed. As the temperature inside the battery cell 100 continues to rise, the magnetic recurrence of the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 transitions. At this time, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is not changed any more.
Thus, the occurrence of thermal abnormality of the battery cell 100 can be accurately detected by the arrangement of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105, and the problem of too frequent early warning due to too low curie temperature arrangement of the single temperature-sensing magnet is avoided.
In fig. 16, the execution sequence of each step is as follows: S201-S202-S203-S204-S205-S206. For ease of illustration, the present application is illustrated using the foregoing sequence.
The second dry reed tube 106 can be disposed outside the receiving cavity. The specific position of the second dry reed pipe 106 is not limited in this application, and the specific implementation manner thereof can be described with reference to the specific position of the first dry reed pipe 104 shown in fig. 7-8, which is not described herein.
In addition, the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106 may be the same type of dry reed pipe, or may be different types of dry reed pipes, which is not limited in this application.
The specific type, number and working principle of the second dry reed pipe 106 are not limited in this application, and the specific implementation manner thereof can be referred to the description of the first dry reed pipe 104 shown in fig. 9-12B, which is not repeated here.
The on state of the second dry reed pipe 106 is independent of the magnetic transition of the first temperature sensing magnet 103, and the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is independent of the magnetic transition of the second temperature sensing magnet 105.
That is, magnetic shielding is formed between the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first dry reed pipe 104, and between the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 and the second dry reed pipe 106, the magnetic transition of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 cannot cause the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe 104 to change, and the magnetic transition of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 cannot cause the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe 106 to change.
The temperature sensing magnet and the dry reed pipe are matched, and the method can ensure that the temperature sensing magnet in any group cannot cause magnetic interference to the dry reed pipe in other groups by adopting modes such as increasing distance and/or adding magnetic shielding pieces.
In some embodiments, the distance between the first temperature-sensitive magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensitive magnet 105 is greater than a preset distance 1, and the distance between the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106 is greater than a preset distance 2. The specific values of the preset distance 1 and the preset distance 2 are not limited in the application.
In other embodiments, considering that the space size of the battery cell 100 is limited, the first temperature sensing magnet 103 may be disposed in the magnetic shield 1 having the opening to adjust the direction of the magnetic field applied by the first temperature sensing magnet 103 on the corresponding first dry reed pipe 104, and it may be ensured that the first temperature sensing magnet 103 becomes a directional magnet generating the same direction of the magnetic field. The second temperature-sensing magnet 105 can be placed in the magnetic shield 2 having the opening to adjust the direction of the magnetic field applied by the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 on the corresponding second dry reed pipe 106, and it can be ensured that the second temperature-sensing magnet 105 becomes a directional magnet in which the direction of the magnetic field is the same. Here, the present application does not limit parameters such as the number, layout, size, and the like of the magnetic shield 1 and the magnetic shield 2.
The second dry reed pipe 106 and the first dry reed pipe 104 are electrically connected to different sampling channels of the battery management system 20, respectively. That is, in fig. 15, the first dry reed pipe 104 is electrically connected to the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201, the second dry reed pipe 106 is electrically connected to the sampling channel 2 of the detection module 201, and the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201 is different from the sampling channel 2 of the detection module 201. Wherein the sampling channel 2 of the detection module 201 may comprise one or more terminals.
Based on the above electrical connection relationship, the detection module 201 can detect whether the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe 104 and the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe 106 are changed in real time.
Thus, the detection module 201 may send the first detection result to the host unit 202 after detecting that the on state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is changed. After receiving the first detection result, the host unit 202 can determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100 to a first extent. After detecting that the on state of the second dry reed pipe 106 is changed, the detection module 201 may send a second detection result to the host unit 202. After receiving the second detection result, the host unit 202 can determine that the thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100 to a second extent.
The specific implementation manner of the first detection result and the second detection result can be referred to the aforementioned detection results.
Wherein the first detection result and the second detection result have different meanings. The first detection result is used to indicate that the first degree of thermal abnormality of the battery cell 100 is determined, and the first degree refers to that the temperature inside the battery cell 100 is equal to or higher than the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. The second detection result is used to indicate that the electrical core 100 is thermally abnormal to a second degree, where the second degree refers to that the temperature inside the electrical core 100 is equal to or higher than the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 105.
The specific implementation manner of the change in the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 can be seen in the description of the change in the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in fig. 9-12B, which is not described herein.
It should be noted that, for the same electric core 100, two sets of paired temperature sensing magnets and dry reed pipes may be arranged, but not limited to, only the curie temperature of the temperature sensing magnets in each set is ensured to be different, and the dry reed pipes in each set are electrically connected with the battery management system 20 through different sampling channels. For example, three groups, four groups and other groups of paired temperature sensing magnets and dry reed pipes can be arranged in the battery cell 100.
The working principle of realizing the overtemperature early warning function of the battery cell 100 at different levels is described in detail below.
Assume that the normally open dry reed pipe shown in fig. 10 is used for the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106.
When the magnetic fields exist in the spaces of the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106, the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are conducted. At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a low-impedance conductive state. The reed inside the second dry reed pipe 106 is closed, and the first end P3 and the second end P4 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are conducted. At this time, the second dry reed pipe 106 is in a low-impedance conduction state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 is located disappears (i.e., no magnetic field), the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a high-impedance non-conductive state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the second dry reed pipe 106 is located is lost (i.e., no magnetic field), the reed inside the second dry reed pipe 106 is disconnected, and the first end P3 and the second end P4 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 is a high-impedance non-conductive state.
In summary, as the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe 104 can be changed from the low-impedance conducting state to the high-impedance non-conducting state.
Thus, upon detecting that the conductive state of the first dry reed switch 104 changes from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state, the battery management system 20 can determine that the first degree of thermal abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 100.
Continuing with the disappearance of the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet 105, the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 can be changed from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state.
Thus, upon detecting that the conductive state of the second dry reed switch 106 changes from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state, the battery management system 20 can determine that a second degree of thermal abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 100.
It is assumed that the normally-closed open dry reed pipe shown in fig. 11 is employed for the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106.
When the magnetic fields exist in the spaces of the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106, the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a high-impedance non-conductive state. The reed inside the second dry reed pipe 106 is disconnected, and the first end P3 and the second end P4 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 is a high-impedance non-conductive state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 is located disappears (i.e. no magnetic field), the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are conducted. At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a low-impedance conductive state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the second dry reed pipe 106 is located disappears (i.e. no magnetic field), the reed inside the second dry reed pipe 106 is closed, and the first end P3 and the second end P4 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are conducted. At this time, the second dry reed pipe 106 is in a low-impedance conduction state.
In summary, as the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe 104 can be changed from the high-impedance non-conducting state to the low-impedance conducting state.
Thus, upon detecting that the conductive state of the first dry reed switch 104 changes from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state, the battery management system 20 can determine that the first degree of thermal abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 100.
Continuing with the disappearance of the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet 105, the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 can be changed from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state.
Thus, upon detecting that the conductive state of the second dry reed switch 106 changes from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state, the battery management system 20 can determine that a second degree of thermal abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 100.
Assume that the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106 are switched-on dry reed pipes shown in fig. 12A to 12B.
When the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 and the second dry reed pipe 106 are located has a magnetic field, the reeds inside the first dry reed pipe 104 switch the corresponding connection terminals, that is, the first end P2 and the second end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are turned on, and the first end P2 and the third end P3 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are disconnected. At this time, the conducting state of the first channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a low-impedance conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a high-impedance non-conducting state.
The reed inside the second dry reed pipe 106 switches the corresponding connection terminals, that is, the first end P4 and the second end P3 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are connected, and the first end P4 and the third end P5 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the first channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 is a low-impedance conductive state, and the conductive state of the second channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 is a high-impedance non-conductive state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 is located disappears (i.e. no magnetic field), the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 switches the corresponding connection terminal, that is, the first end P2 and the second end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are disconnected, and the first end P2 and the third end P3 of the first dry reed pipe 104 are connected. At this time, the conducting state of the first channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a high-impedance non-conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 is a low-impedance conducting state.
When the magnetic field in the space where the second dry reed pipe 106 is located disappears (i.e. no magnetic field), the reed inside the second dry reed pipe 106 switches the corresponding connection terminal, i.e. the first end P4 and the second end P3 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are disconnected, and the first end P4 and the third end P5 of the second dry reed pipe 106 are connected. At this time, the conductive state of the first channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 is a high-impedance non-conductive state, and the conductive state of the second channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 is a low-impedance conductive state.
In summary, as the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 disappears, the conducting state of the first channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 can be changed from the low-impedance conducting state to the high-impedance non-conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 can be changed from the high-impedance non-conducting state to the low-impedance conducting state.
Thus, after detecting that the conductive state of the first channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 changes from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state, and that the conductive state of the second channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 changes from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state, the battery management system 20 can determine that the first thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100.
Continuing with the disappearance of the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet 105, the conducting state of the first channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 may be changed from the low-impedance conducting state to the high-impedance non-conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 may be changed from the high-impedance non-conducting state to the low-impedance conducting state.
Thus, after detecting that the conductive state of the first channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 changes from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state, and that the conductive state of the second channel of the second dry reed pipe 106 changes from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state, the battery management system 20 can determine that the thermal abnormality of the battery cell 100 occurs to a second extent.
In this application, can be to electric core 100 has laid out the first temperature sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature sensing magnet 105 of different curie temperatures, with the help of first dry reed pipe 104 and second dry reed pipe 106 respectively through different sampling channel and battery management system 20 electricity be connected for battery management system 20 can clearly know the degree that electric core 100 took place the heat abnormality and the temperature that corresponds, be favorable to battery management system 20 to carry out the safety protection of different grades to electric core 100, still guaranteed electric core 100 and taken place the heat abnormality timeliness and accuracy, avoided the early warning not enough in time or early warning too frequent influence that brings, realized the overtemperature early warning function of electric core 100 different grades.
For the plurality of battery cells 100 in the battery module 10, some or all of the battery cells 100 may implement the over-temperature warning function of the battery cells 100, or may implement the over-temperature warning functions of different levels of the battery cells 100, based on the description of the above embodiments. Thus, each of the cells 100 may be electrically connected to the battery management system 20 through one or more sampling channels.
In view of the limited sampling channels of the battery management system 20, the present application may divide a plurality of the battery cells 100, such as two, three, four, etc., into a group, all of the dry-type reed pipes in the group of battery cells 100 are electrically connected in series and/or in parallel, and all of the dry-type reed pipes may also be electrically connected with the battery management system 20 through the same sampling channels.
Therefore, the battery management system 20 can detect whether the battery cells 100 have thermal abnormality through a small number of sampling channels, so that the battery cells 100 are protected safely together, the sampling channels and the connecting terminals of the battery management system 20 are saved, the overtemperature early warning function of the battery cells 100 is realized rapidly, and the problem that the number of detection positions of the battery cells 100 is small due to the limited sampling channels of the battery management system 20 is solved.
All the dry reed pipes mentioned above can be normally open dry reed pipes shown in fig. 10, and all the dry reed pipes are electrically connected in series. Alternatively, all dry reed pipes may be normally closed dry reed pipes as shown in fig. 11, and all dry reed pipes are electrically connected in parallel. Alternatively, all dry reed pipes can be switched dry reed pipes as shown in fig. 12A to 12B, and all dry reed pipes are electrically connected in series-parallel.
In addition, all dry reed pipes in the set of cells 100 are electrically connected in parallel, and all dry reed pipes can also be electrically connected with the battery management system 20 through different sampling channels. Therefore, the battery management system 20 can accurately detect which battery cell 100 among the plurality of battery cells 100 is thermally abnormal, and the positioning of the thermal abnormality of the battery cells among the plurality of battery cells 100 is facilitated.
Next, the battery 1 corresponding to the above will be described in detail. For ease of illustration, this application uses two cells grouped together for illustration.
Referring to fig. 17-18, fig. 17-18 show a schematic view of a portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 17 to 18, in the battery 1 of the present application, the battery module 10 may include: a first cell 100a and a second cell 100b.
It should be noted that, for the plurality of battery cells 100, the battery module 10 may be arranged, but is not limited to being arranged, in which two battery cells 100, i.e. the first battery cell 100a and the second battery cell 100b, are used as a group, and only the dry reed pipes in each group of battery cells 100 need to be electrically connected with the battery management system 20 through the same sampling channel.
In fig. 17, the first and second electric cores 100a and 100b may include a bare cell 101, an electrolyte 107, a cell case 102, a first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and a first dry reed pipe 104, respectively, as shown in fig. 4.
The first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a is electrically connected in series and/or electrically connected in parallel with the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b, and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a is also electrically connected with the sampling channel 1 of the detection module 201.
Based on the above electrical connection relationship, the detection module 201 may send a detection result to the host unit after detecting that the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electrical core 100a and/or the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electrical core 100b is changed. After receiving the detection result, the host unit 202 may determine that the first electrical cell 100a and/or the second electrical cell 100b are thermally abnormal to a first extent.
In fig. 18, the first electric core 100a and the second electric core 100b may further include a second temperature-sensing magnet 105 and a second dry reed pipe 106 as shown in fig. 15, respectively, based on the architecture shown in fig. 17.
The second dry reed pipe 106 in the first electric core 100a is electrically connected in series and/or electrically connected in parallel with the second dry reed pipe 106 in the second electric core 100b, and the second dry reed pipe 106 in the first electric core 100a is also electrically connected with the sampling channel 2 of the detection module 201.
Based on the above electrical connection relationship, the detection module 201 determines that the first electrical core 100a and/or the second electrical core 100b have a second degree of thermal abnormality after detecting that the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 in the first electrical core 100a and/or the conductive state of the second dry reed pipe 106 in the second electrical core 100b has changed.
It should be noted that, the electrical connection manner between the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electrical core 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electrical core 100b may be the same or different from the electrical connection manner between the second dry reed pipe 106 in the first electrical core 100a and the second dry reed pipe 106 in the second electrical core 100b, and each electrical connection manner and the corresponding operation principle are similar. For convenience of explanation, the present application will be described in detail taking the same manner of electrical connection between the second dry reed pipe 106 in the first cell 100a and the second dry reed pipe 106 in the second cell 100b as an example.
Next, the working principle of implementing the overtemperature early warning function for the plurality of battery cells 100 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 19 to 21.
Referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic view illustrating a part of a battery structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 19, the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b are normally open dry reed pipes shown in fig. 10, and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b are electrically connected in series.
The first end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electrical core 100a is electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201. The second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a is electrically connected to the first end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100 b. The second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100b is electrically connected to the second end 2 of the detection module 201.
When the magnetic fields exist in the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are located, the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a are conducted. The reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are conducted.
At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b can be regarded as low-impedance conductive states.
When the magnetic field in the space where at least one of the first dry reed pipes 104 in the first electric core 100a and the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b is located disappears (i.e., no magnetic field), taking the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b as an example, the reeds inside the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b are disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b are disconnected.
At this time, the first dry reed switch 104 in the second cell 100b can be regarded as a high-impedance non-conductive state.
Thus, the battery management system 20 may determine that a thermal anomaly has occurred in the first cell 100a and/or the second cell 100b after detecting that the first dry reed switch 104 in the second cell 100b has changed from the low impedance conductive state to the high impedance non-conductive state.
Referring to fig. 20, fig. 20 is a schematic view illustrating a portion of a battery structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 20, the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b are normally open dry reed pipes shown in fig. 11, and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b are electrically connected in parallel.
The first end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electrical core 100a and the first end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electrical core 100b are electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201. The second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are electrically connected with the second end 2 of the detection module 201.
When the magnetic fields exist in the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are located, the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a are disconnected. The reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b is disconnected, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b are disconnected.
At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b can be regarded as a high-impedance non-conductive state.
When the magnetic field in the space where at least one of the first dry reed pipes 104 in the first electric core 100a and the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b is located disappears (i.e., no magnetic field), taking the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b as an example, the reed inside the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b is closed, and the first end P1 and the second end P2 of the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second electric core 100b are conducted.
At this time, the conductive state of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100b can be regarded as a low-impedance conductive state.
Thus, the battery management system 20 may determine that a thermal anomaly has occurred in the first cell 100a and/or the second cell 100b after detecting that the conductive state of the first dry reed switch 104 in the second cell 100b has changed from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state.
Referring to fig. 21, fig. 21 is a schematic view illustrating a part of a battery structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 21, the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100B are the switching dry reed pipes shown in fig. 12A to 12B, and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the first channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100B are electrically connected in series, and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a and the second channel of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100B and the second channel of the third dry reed pipe 110 are electrically connected in parallel.
In the first channel, the first end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first battery cell 100a is electrically connected to the first end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100 b. The second end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a is electrically connected to the second end 2 of the detection module 201. The first end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100b is electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201.
In the second channel, the first end P2 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100b is electrically connected to the first end 1 of the detection module 201. The third end P3 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a and the third end P3 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are electrically connected with the third end 3 of the detection module 201.
When the magnetic fields exist in the space where the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a and the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are located, the first end P2 and the second end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first electric core 100a are conducted, and the first end P2 and the second end P1 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second electric core 100b are conducted. At this time, the on state of the first channel may be regarded as a low-impedance on state.
The first end P2 and the third end P3 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the first cell 100a are disconnected, and the first end P2 and the third end P3 of the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second cell 100b are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the second channel may be regarded as a high-impedance non-conductive state.
When the magnetic field in the space where at least one of the first dry reed pipes 104 in the first battery cell 100a and the first dry reed pipes 104 in the second battery cell 100b is located disappears (i.e., no magnetic field), the corresponding connection terminal is switched by the reed inside the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100b, taking the first dry reed pipe 104 in the second battery cell 100b as an example.
The first end P2 and the second end P1 of the first dry reed switch 104 in the second cell 100b are disconnected. At this time, the conductive state of the first channel may be regarded as a high-impedance non-conductive state.
The first terminal P2 and the third terminal P3 of the first dry reed switch 104 in the second battery cell 100b are turned on. At this time, the on state of the second channel may be regarded as a low-impedance on state.
Thus, after detecting that the conductive state of the first channel is changed from the low-impedance conductive state to the high-impedance non-conductive state and that the conductive state of the second channel is changed from the high-impedance non-conductive state to the low-impedance conductive state, the battery management system 20 may determine that the first cell 100a and/or the second cell 100b is thermally abnormal.
In this application, for the first electric core 100a and the second electric core 100b, the paired first temperature sensing magnet 103 and the first dry reed pipe 104 may be respectively arranged, and by means of the first dry reed pipes 104 in the first electric core 100a and the second electric core 100b, the battery management system 20 is electrically connected with the battery management system 20 through the same sampling channel, so that the battery management system 20 can jointly monitor the temperature states of the first electric core 100a and the second electric core 100b through a smaller number of connection terminals in the same sampling channel, and the rapid early warning can be conveniently performed when the first electric core 100a and/or the second electric core 100b is thermally abnormal.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (16)

1. A cell, comprising: the battery comprises a bare cell, electrolyte, a cell shell, a first temperature-sensing magnet and a first dry reed pipe;
the battery cell shell is made of a non-magnetic shielding material, the battery cell shell is provided with a containing cavity, the electrolyte is injected into the containing cavity, the bare battery cell is arranged in the containing cavity, the first temperature sensing magnet is arranged in or out of the containing cavity, the first dry reed pipe is arranged out of the containing cavity, and the first dry reed pipe is used for being electrically connected with a battery management system;
the first temperature sensing magnet is used for sensing the temperature inside the battery cell; if the temperature inside the electric core is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the electric core;
After the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the electric core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed.
2. The cell of claim 1, wherein the cell further comprises: the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second dry reed pipe; the second temperature-sensing magnet is arranged in the accommodating cavity or outside the accommodating cavity, the second dry reed pipe is arranged outside the accommodating cavity, and the second dry reed pipe and the first dry reed pipe are respectively used for being electrically connected with the battery management system;
after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the electric core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, specifically: after the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal to a first degree after detecting that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed;
The second temperature sensing magnet is used for sensing the temperature inside the battery cell; if the temperature inside the electric core is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet disappears, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the electric core;
after the magnetism of the second temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe is changed, so that the battery management system determines that the battery core is thermally abnormal to a second degree after detecting that the conduction state of the second dry reed pipe is changed, and the second degree is different from the first degree.
3. The electrical cell of claim 2, wherein the curie temperature of the first temperature-sensitive magnet or the curie temperature of the second temperature-sensitive magnet is less than a thermal runaway critical temperature of the electrical cell.
4. A cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first dry reed pipe is a normally open dry reed pipe;
after the magnetism of the temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed from a low-impedance conducting state to a high-impedance non-conducting state.
5. A cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first dry reed pipe is a normally closed dry reed pipe;
after the magnetism of the temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first dry reed pipe is changed from a high-impedance non-conducting state to a low-impedance conducting state.
6. A cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first dry reed pipe is a switching dry reed pipe, the first and second ends of the first dry reed pipe form a first channel, and the first and third ends of the first dry reed pipe form a second channel;
after the magnetism of the temperature sensing magnet disappears, the conducting state of the first channel is changed from the low-impedance conducting state to the high-impedance non-conducting state, and the conducting state of the second channel is changed from the high-impedance non-conducting state to the low-impedance conducting state.
7. The cell of any one of claims 1-6, wherein,
the first dry reed pipe is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the battery cell shell;
or the first dry reed pipe is fixedly arranged outside the battery core shell.
8. The cell of any one of claims 1-7,
The temperature sensing magnet is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the battery cell shell;
or the temperature sensing magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the battery cell shell;
or the temperature sensing magnet is fixedly arranged outside the battery cell shell.
9. A battery module, comprising: at least one cell according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. The battery module of claim 9, wherein when the battery module comprises a first cell and a second cell, the dry reed tube in the first cell is electrically connected in series with the dry reed tube in the second cell.
11. The battery module of claim 9, wherein when the battery module comprises a first cell and a second cell, the dry reed tube in the first cell is electrically connected in parallel with the dry reed tube in the second cell.
12. A battery, comprising: battery management system and battery module according to any one of claims 9 to 11;
the battery management system is used for detecting the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe, and determining that the electric core is thermally abnormal after detecting that the conduction state of the first dry reed pipe is changed.
13. The battery of claim 12, wherein the battery management system comprises: a detection module and a host unit;
the detection module is electrically connected with the dry reed pipe in the battery module, and is also electrically connected with the host unit;
the detection module is used for sending a detection result to the host unit after detecting that the conduction state of the dry reed pipe is changed;
and the host unit is used for determining that the battery core corresponding to the dry reed pipe in the battery module is thermally abnormal after receiving the detection result.
14. An electronic device, comprising: a battery as claimed in claim 12 or 13.
15. A mobile device, comprising: a battery as claimed in claim 12 or 13.
16. An energy storage device, comprising: a battery as claimed in claim 12 or 13.
CN202210995976.1A 2022-08-18 2022-08-18 Battery cell, battery module, battery, electronic equipment, mobile device and energy storage device Pending CN117638235A (en)

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PCT/CN2023/111534 WO2024037372A1 (en) 2022-08-18 2023-08-07 Battery cell, battery module, battery, electronic device, mobile apparatus, and energy storage apparatus

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JPH0561956U (en) * 1992-01-24 1993-08-13 日本サーモスタット株式会社 Battery fluid volume / temperature detector
JP2000019027A (en) * 1998-07-01 2000-01-21 Kazuhiro Muroi Temperature state annunciator for bath
KR100702800B1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2007-04-03 주식회사 엘지화학 Secondary battery with improvement of safty
FR2985613A1 (en) * 2012-01-09 2013-07-12 Commissariat Energie Atomique DETECTION OF DYSFUNCTION IN AN ELECTROCHEMICAL BATTERY
FR3085796B1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2021-02-12 Commissariat Energie Atomique MAGNETIC CONNECTION / DISCONNECTION DEVICE BETWEEN AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ACCUMULATOR AND BUSBARS, AND PASSIVE MAGNETIC SHUNT OF THE ACCUMULATOR AFTER ITS FALL BY GRAVITY
FR3085797B1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2021-04-23 Commissariat Energie Atomique OUTPUT TERMINAL OF AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ACCUMULATOR INTEGRATING A MAGNETIC LOCK FOR MAGNETIC FIXING WITH ELECTRIC CONDUCTION WITH A BUSBAR
CN116130801A (en) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-16 华为终端有限公司 Battery, battery module, battery system and battery thermal abnormality alarming method

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