CN117634340A - Determination method for desulfurization effect of bottom argon blowing ladle - Google Patents
Determination method for desulfurization effect of bottom argon blowing ladle Download PDFInfo
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for judging desulfurization effect of a bottom-blowing argon ladle, and relates to the technical field of steelmaking. The judging method comprises the following steps: obtaining geometric structure parameters and desulfurization process parameters of a bottom argon blowing ladle; establishing a ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model based on the parameters; verifying the accuracy of a ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model; if the model is accurate, directly performing simulation and obtaining molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data of a high diffusion rate region; if the mathematical model is inaccurate, reestablishing the model and verifying again until the model is accurate; acquiring the gradient of the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate through the data, and calculating the included angle between the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate to acquire included angle data; and judging the desulfurization effect of the ladle subjected to bottom argon blowing based on the included angle data. The invention can effectively judge the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blown argon ladle, calculates and analyzes the desulfurization process under different conditions, and has important significance for improving the quality of casting blanks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, in particular to a method for judging the desulfurization effect of a bottom-blowing argon ladle.
Background
Ladle Furnace (LF) is a relatively widely used external refining technique. Wherein, stirring molten steel by bottom blowing argon is one of main functions of LF refining. The sulfur element is used as a harmful element in most steel types, can negatively affect the impact property, weldability, flexibility and the like of steel, and MnS inclusion generated by combining the sulfur element and the manganese element is an origin of matrix pitting corrosion, so that the cleanliness of molten steel and the quality of casting blanks in the continuous casting process are seriously affected. Therefore, the bottom blowing argon stirring molten steel in the ladle furnace is required to be desulfurized, however, the desulfurization effect is generally obtained by comparing the sulfur content loss before and after the molten steel treatment, which is related to the sampling position, the obtained desulfurization rate can deviate from the actual situation, and the desulfurization effect judgment is not accurate in practice.
Currently, a series of empirical models and empirical models for predicting sulfide capacity are proposed, such as an S-S model, a Young model, an NTH model, and the like. While these models can more accurately predict sulfide content within a certain slag composition range, they lack a decision on desulfurization effect in the actual LF refining process in which strong argon stirring is present.
Chinese patent CN106290064a discloses a method for detecting weak argon blowing effect of ladle, which can detect molten steel flow without pollution by using electromagnetic induction coil, and adjust argon blowing process parameters according to detection result, thereby reducing dead angle of molten steel flow in ladle, improving argon blowing process, and improving degassing effect; it is apparent that this detection method is directed to the flow of molten steel, and does not consider the use of the molten steel velocity data and equivalent diffusion rate data in the high diffusion rate region to detect the desulfurization effect.
Chinese patent CN112011668A discloses a production process for improving desulfurization efficiency in the process of refining molten steel in EAF-LF, and gives technical contents of producing ultralow sulfur steel by adopting an electric arc furnace end point carbon control, an electric arc furnace oxygen-retaining tapping process, an external slag-making process, an LF segmented desulfurization technology, an LF bottom argon blowing process and an alloy charging process, and obviously, desulfurization effect is obtained by comparing sulfur content loss before and after molten steel treatment, and is greatly influenced by sampling mode and position, and technical deviation exists in determination of desulfurization effect.
Chinese patent CN115494195a discloses a blast furnace slag desulfurization performance testing device and testing method, wherein the device and testing method are aimed at the desulfurization performance of the blast furnace slag, not the desulfurization performance of molten steel, and require special device structure to perform special test, although the desulfurization performance of the molten steel can be indirectly evaluated, the sulfur content of the slag sample taken after desulfurization and the iron sample taken after desulfurization also need to be respectively detected, and the determination of the desulfurization effect also has technical deviation.
Chinese patent CN106337102a discloses a simulation device and a simulation method for a mechanical stirring desulfurization water model experiment, which require a special simulation device structure and operation mode to simulate different processes in actual production; obviously, although the technical scheme does not provide a mode for evaluating the desulfurization performance of molten steel, the method for acquiring the optimal desulfurization process parameters under different production conditions is provided, and the judgment for obtaining the desulfurization effect by comparing the sulfur content loss before and after molten steel treatment is indirectly provided. And the same is true of the Chinese patent CN112011668A, and the judgment of the desulfurization effect is indirectly given by improving the desulfurization efficiency of the EAF-LF molten steel in the refining process.
In summary, the quality of the desulfurization effect has a serious influence on the impact, weldability, toughness and the like of steel, so that a method for better explaining and judging the desulfurization effect in the LF desulfurization process is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the current desulfurization effect is generally obtained by comparing sulfur content loss before and after molten steel treatment, which is related to the sampling position, the obtained desulfurization rate can deviate from the actual situation, and the judgment of the desulfurization effect is not accurate in practice; whereas empirical and plate empirical models for predicting the sulphide capacity lack a decision on the desulphurisation effect in the actual LF refining process in the presence of strong argon agitation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a judging method of bottom argon blowing ladle desulfurization effect comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring geometric structure parameters and desulfurization process parameters of a bottom-blowing argon ladle;
s2, establishing a ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model based on the geometric structure parameters and the desulfurization process parameters of the S1;
s3, verifying the accuracy of the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of the S2;
s4, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of S3 is accurate, directly performing simulation and obtaining molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate region; s3, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is inaccurate, reestablishing the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model, verifying the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model again and then performing simulation to obtain molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate area;
s5, obtaining a gradient of the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate through the molten steel speed data and the equivalent diffusion rate data of the high diffusion rate region of S4, and calculating an included angle between the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate data to obtain included angle data;
s6, judging the desulfurization effect of the ladle subjected to bottom argon blowing based on the included angle data of S5.
Preferably, the geometric structure parameters of the bottom blowing argon steel ladle in the S1 comprise steel ladle top diameter, steel ladle bottom diameter, steel ladle height, liquid level height, slag thickness, bottom blowing hole position, diameter and the like; the desulfurization process parameters comprise molten steel density, slag density, argon density, bottom blowing flow, molten steel viscosity, slag layer viscosity, argon viscosity, molten steel-slag interfacial tension, molten steel-argon interfacial tension, slag-argon interfacial tension and the like.
Preferably, verifying the accuracy of the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of S2 in S3 comprises:
adding alloy elements and refined slag into a ladle furnace, blowing for 5min, taking a steel sample at a position 50cm below the center of the liquid level of the ladle furnace, measuring the initial molten steel component and the slag layer component to obtain the initial molten steel component content and the slag layer component content, and taking the initial molten steel component content and the slag layer component content as numerical models to calculate initial values;
desulfurizing with fixed bottom blowing flow, sampling and analyzing again after 300s, and comparing with the numerical simulation result; if the relative error between the sulfur content calculated value at the position 50cm below the center of the ladle liquid level and the industrial data is less than or equal to 5%, determining that the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is accurate; if the relative error between the calculated value of the sulfur content and the industrial data is more than 5%, the mathematical model of ladle bottom multiphase flow blowing is judged to be inaccurate.
Preferably, the top of the ladle furnace in S3 is assumed to be in communication with the atmosphere and is provided as a pressure outlet; the ladle wall surface is set to be a non-slip wall surface, and a standard wall surface function is adopted to treat the flow near the wall surface; the bottom argon bottom blowing hole is set as a DPM particle release source to release bubbles so as to simulate the argon blowing process at the bottom of the LF refining furnace.
Preferably, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model in the step S4 is inaccurate, the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is re-established or parameters of the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model are adjusted, and the accuracy of the adjusted ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is verified again until the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is accurate, so that the established ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is obtained.
Preferably, the molten steel velocity data and the equivalent diffusion rate data in the high diffusion rate region in S4 include:
definition of a Single hole section F 1 Is a surface which passes through the center of the bottom blowing hole and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ladle;
defining two holes and two holesAbove section F 2 A surface which is a connecting line of the round centers of the two bottom blowing holes and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ladle;
the high diffusion rate region is F 2 A region composed of all grid nodes with equivalent diffusion rate greater than or equal to 0.5 times of maximum equivalent diffusion rate in the section;
extracting molten steel speed vector data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate region;
wherein the equivalent diffusion coefficient formula is:
wherein: d (D) e Is equivalent to the diffusion coefficient D Sm Is laminar diffusion coefficient, D t Mu, the diffusion coefficient of turbulence t Is turbulence viscosity, ρ is molten steel density, and Sc is turbulence Schmidt number.
Preferably, in the step S4, simulation is performed on the mathematical model through Fluent software to obtain a corresponding simulation result; importing the simulation result into Tecplot software to extract two holes and more than two holes cross sections F 2 And (5) simulating a simulation result.
Preferably, calculating the angle between the two in S5 includes:
determining an included angle alpha between the molten steel flow direction of each grid node and the equivalent diffusion rate gradient direction according to the speed data of the molten steel in the high diffusion rate region and the equivalent diffusion rate data of the molten steel i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The formula is as follows:
α i ＝cos -1 α i
wherein: a represents a vector of the flow direction of molten steel; b represents the vector of the equivalent diffusion rate gradient direction.
Preferably, determining the desulfurizing effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle based on the included angle data of S5 in S6 includes:
according to the instituteThe included angle alpha between the molten steel speed direction of each node in the high diffusion rate region and the gradient direction of the equivalent diffusion rate i Record M 1 Is an included angle alpha i A number of 30 ° or less; m is recorded 2 Is an included angle alpha i A number greater than 30 ℃ and less than or equal to 60 °; m is recorded 3 Is an included angle alpha i A number of greater than 60 DEG and less than or equal to 90 ℃;
separately calculate M 1 、M 2 And M 3 Account for the total numberAccording to the percentage, judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle;
calculate M 1 Percentage of total N 1 、M 2 Percentage of total N 2 M is as follows 3 Percentage of total N 3 。
Preferably, determining the desulfurizing effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle based on the included angle data of S5 in S6 includes:
if N 1 If the desulfurization effect is greater than or equal to 80%, the bottom argon blowing ladle desulfurization effect is judged to be good;
if N 1 Less than 80%, N 2 Greater than 20% and N 3 If the desulfurization amount is less than 10%, judging that the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is general;
if N 3 If the desulfurization rate is greater than or equal to 35%, the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is judged to be poor.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the scheme, the method for judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle is provided, so that the problem that the bottom-blowing argon ladle desulfurization is difficult to safely and accurately evaluate in actual production is solved, the desulfurization process in the LF refining furnace is reasonably judged, the degree of the ladle desulfurization process can be clearly defined, and the method has important significance in improving the quality of casting blanks.
According to the invention, the geometric structure parameters and the desulfurization process parameters of the bottom-blowing argon ladle are firstly obtained, the ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is built, and finally the accuracy of the multiphase flow mathematical model is verified, so that the accuracy of the ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is ensured, and a solid foundation is laid for high-precision simulation.
The invention utilizes multiphase flow mathematical model simulation to simulate and obtain molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion speed data in a high diffusion speed zone, wherein a double-hole section F 2 The simulation result reaches hundreds of thousands of grid nodes, the determination of the included angle between the high diffusion rate zone molten steel speed data and the equivalent diffusion rate data on the ladle bottom argon blowing desulfurization effect is obtained, the existing resources are fully utilized, the bottom data acquisition difficulty is reduced, and the feasibility of the determination method is improved.
In a word, compared with other traditional methods, the method of the invention innovates a desulfurization effect judging method, adopts multiphase flow mathematical model simulation to simulate and obtain molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate area, obtains the included angle between the speed direction of molten steel and the gradient direction of the equivalent diffusion rate in the molten steel in the high diffusion rate area by using the data, accurately judges the desulfurization effect by dividing and calculating the relation between the included angle and the angle range, has wider application range, simple judging mode, low cost and high efficiency, and is beneficial to industrial mass production and popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for determining the desulfurization effect of a bottom-blown argon ladle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the number of grid nodes in the high diffusion rate region of the method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blown argon ladle according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a molten steel velocity vector diagram of the method for determining the desulfurizing effect of the bottom-blown argon ladle according to example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an equivalent diffusion rate cloud chart of the method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for judging desulfurization effect of bottom-blowing argon steel ladle, which combines the following steps in fig. 1:
s1, acquiring geometric structure parameters and desulfurization process parameters of a bottom-blowing argon ladle;
wherein: the geometric structure parameters of the bottom argon blowing ladle comprise the diameter 3330mm of the top of the ladle, the diameter 3060mm of the bottom of the ladle, the height 3700mm of the ladle, the height 3150mm of the liquid level, the thickness 110mm of slag and the diameter 80mm of a bottom blowing hole;
the desulfurization process parameters comprise the density 7020 kg.m of molten steel -3 Slag density 3500 kg.m -3 Argon density 0.568 kg.m -3 The viscosity of molten steel is 0.0055 Pa.s, the viscosity of slag layer is 0.06 Pa.s, the viscosity of argon is 0.000085 Pa.s, and the interfacial tension of molten steel and slag is 1.15 N.m -1 Molten steelArgon interfacial tension 1.82 N.m -1 Slag-argon interfacial tension 0.58 N.m -1 ；
S2, establishing a ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model based on the geometric structure parameters and the desulfurization process parameters of the S1;
s3, verifying the accuracy of the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of the S2;
in actual industrial production, the following settings are generally made: the top of the ladle furnace is assumed to be communicated with the atmosphere and is provided with a pressure outlet; the ladle wall surface is set to be a non-slip wall surface, and a standard wall surface function is adopted to treat the flow near the wall surface; the bottom argon bottom blowing hole is set as a DPM particle release source to release bubbles so as to simulate the argon blowing process at the bottom of the LF refining furnace;
the verification method comprises the steps of adding alloy elements and refined slag into a ladle furnace, blowing for 5min, taking a steel sample at a position 50cm below the center of the liquid level of the ladle furnace, measuring the initial molten steel component and the slag layer component, obtaining the initial molten steel component content and the slag layer component content, and taking the initial molten steel component content and the slag layer component content as numerical models to calculate initial values;
desulfurizing with fixed bottom blowing flow, sampling and analyzing again after 300s, and comparing with the numerical simulation result; if the relative error between the sulfur content calculated value at the position 50cm below the center of the ladle liquid level and the industrial data is less than or equal to 5%, determining that the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is accurate; if the relative error between the calculated value of the sulfur content and the industrial data is more than 5%, judging that the multiphase flow blowing mathematical model at the bottom of the steel ladle is inaccurate;
s4, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of the S3 is accurate, directly performing simulation on the mathematical model through Fluent software;
definition of a Single hole section F 1 Is a surface which passes through the center of the bottom blowing hole and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ladle;
defining two holes and more than two holes cross section F 2 A surface which is a connecting line of the round centers of the two bottom blowing holes and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ladle;
the high diffusion rate region is F 2 A region composed of all grid nodes with equivalent diffusion rate greater than or equal to 0.5 times of maximum equivalent diffusion rate in the section;
extracting molten steel speed vector data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate region;
wherein the equivalent diffusion coefficient formula is:
wherein: d (D) e Is equivalent to the diffusion coefficient D Sm Is laminar diffusion coefficient, D t Mu, the diffusion coefficient of turbulence t Is turbulence viscosity, ρ is molten steel density, sc is turbulence Schmidt number;
importing the simulation result into Tecplot software to extract a double-hole section F 2 The simulation results are shown in fig. 2. Section F 2 The method comprises 375460 grid nodes, wherein the acquisition of a high diffusion rate area is counted by programming a Python program, and the number of all the grid nodes with the equivalent diffusion rate being greater than or equal to 0.5 times of the maximum equivalent diffusion rate is 138920; the molten steel vector cloud image and the equivalent diffusion rate cloud image of the high diffusion rate area are respectively shown in fig. 3 and 4;
s3, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is inaccurate, the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is re-established or parameters of the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model are adjusted, and the accuracy of the adjusted ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is verified again until the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is accurate, so that the established ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is obtained;
s5, obtaining a gradient of the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate through the molten steel speed data and the equivalent diffusion rate data of the high diffusion rate region of S4, and calculating an included angle between the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate data to obtain included angle data;
taking fig. 3 and 4 as an example, the included angle alpha between the flow direction of molten steel and the gradient direction of equivalent diffusion rate is determined by the speed data of molten steel in the high diffusion rate region and the equivalent diffusion rate data of molten steel i The formula is as follows, which is the included angle between the speed direction of the molten steel in the high diffusion rate area and the gradient direction of the moderate diffusion rate in the molten steel:
α i ＝cos -1 α i
wherein: a represents a vector of the flow direction of molten steel; b represents a vector of equivalent diffusion rate gradient directions;
s6, judging the desulfurization effect of the ladle subjected to bottom argon blowing based on the included angle data of the S5;
according to the included angle alpha between the molten steel speed direction of each node in the high diffusion rate region and the gradient direction of the equivalent diffusion rate i Record M 1 Is an included angle alpha i A number of 30 ° or less; m is recorded 2 Is an included angle alpha i A number greater than 30 ℃ and less than or equal to 60 °; m is recorded 3 Is an included angle alpha i A number of greater than 60 DEG and less than or equal to 90 ℃;
calculated, M 1 ＝87520，M 2 ＝38898，M 3 ＝12502；
Separately calculate M 1 、M 2 And M 3 Account for the total numberAccording to the percentage, judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle;
calculate M 1 Percentage of total N 1 、M 2 Percentage of total N 2 M is as follows 3 Percentage of total N 3 。
If N 1 If the desulfurization effect is greater than or equal to 80%, the bottom argon blowing ladle desulfurization effect is judged to be good;
if N 1 Less than 80%, N 2 Greater than 20% and N 3 If the desulfurization amount is less than 10%, judging that the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is general;
if N 3 If the desulfurization rate is greater than or equal to 35%, the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is judged to be poor.
Calculated N 1 ＝63％，N 2 ＝28％，N 3 =9%; clearly comparative analysis found: n (N) 1 Less than 80%, N 2 Greater than 20% and N 3 Less than 10%, and the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is judged to be general.
According to the scheme, the method for judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle is provided, so that the problem that the bottom-blowing argon ladle desulfurization is difficult to safely and accurately evaluate in actual production is solved, the desulfurization process in the LF refining furnace is reasonably judged, the degree of the ladle desulfurization process can be clearly defined, and the method has important significance in improving the quality of casting blanks.
According to the invention, the geometric structure parameters and the desulfurization process parameters of the bottom-blowing argon ladle are firstly obtained, the ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is built, and finally the accuracy of the multiphase flow mathematical model is verified, so that the accuracy of the ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is ensured, and a solid foundation is laid for high-precision simulation.
The invention utilizes multiphase flow mathematical model simulation to simulate and obtain molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion speed data in a high diffusion speed zone, wherein a double-hole section F 2 The simulation result reaches hundreds of thousands of grid nodes, the determination of the included angle between the high diffusion rate zone molten steel speed data and the equivalent diffusion rate data on the ladle bottom argon blowing desulfurization effect is obtained, the existing resources are fully utilized, the bottom data acquisition difficulty is reduced, and the feasibility of the determination method is improved.
In a word, compared with other traditional methods, the method of the invention innovates a desulfurization effect judging method, adopts multiphase flow mathematical model simulation to simulate and obtain molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate area, obtains the included angle between the speed direction of molten steel and the gradient direction of the equivalent diffusion rate in the molten steel in the high diffusion rate area by using the data, accurately judges the desulfurization effect by dividing and calculating the relation between the included angle and the angle range, has wider application range, simple judging mode, low cost and high efficiency, and is beneficial to industrial mass production and popularization and use.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon steel ladle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring geometric structure parameters and desulfurization process parameters of a bottom-blowing argon ladle;
s2, establishing a ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model based on the geometric structure parameters and the desulfurization process parameters of the S1;
s3, verifying the accuracy of the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of the S2;
s4, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of S3 is accurate, directly performing simulation and obtaining molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate region; s3, if the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is inaccurate, reestablishing the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model, verifying the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model again and then performing simulation to obtain molten steel speed data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate area;
s5, obtaining a gradient of the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate through the molten steel speed data and the equivalent diffusion rate data of the high diffusion rate region of S4, and calculating an included angle between the molten steel speed direction and the equivalent diffusion rate data to obtain included angle data;
s6, judging the desulfurization effect of the ladle subjected to bottom argon blowing based on the included angle data of S5.
2. The method for judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blown argon ladle according to claim 1, wherein the geometric parameters of the bottom-blown argon ladle in S1 comprise the diameter of the top of the ladle, the diameter of the bottom of the ladle, the height of the liquid level, the thickness of slag, the position and the diameter of a bottom-blown hole; the desulfurization process parameters comprise molten steel density, slag density, argon density, bottom blowing flow, molten steel viscosity, slag layer viscosity, argon viscosity, molten steel-slag interfacial tension, molten steel-argon interfacial tension and slag-argon interfacial tension.
3. The method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle according to claim 1, wherein verifying the accuracy of the ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model of S2 in S3 comprises:
adding alloy elements and refined slag into a ladle furnace, blowing for 5min, taking a steel sample at a position 50cm below the center of the liquid level of the ladle furnace, measuring the initial molten steel component and the slag layer component to obtain the initial molten steel component content and the slag layer component content, and taking the initial molten steel component content and the slag layer component content as numerical models to calculate initial values;
desulfurizing with fixed bottom blowing flow, sampling and analyzing again after 300s, and comparing with the numerical simulation result; if the relative error between the sulfur content calculated value at the position 50cm below the center of the ladle liquid level and the industrial data is less than or equal to 5%, determining that the ladle bottom blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is accurate; if the relative error between the calculated value of the sulfur content and the industrial data is more than 5%, the mathematical model of ladle bottom multiphase flow blowing is judged to be inaccurate.
4. The method for determining the desulfurization effect of a bottom-blown argon ladle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the top of the ladle furnace in S3 is assumed to be in communication with the atmosphere and is set as a pressure outlet; the ladle wall surface is set to be a non-slip wall surface, and a standard wall surface function is adopted to treat the flow near the wall surface; the bottom argon bottom blowing hole is set as a DPM particle release source to release bubbles so as to simulate the argon blowing process at the bottom of the LF refining furnace.
5. The method for judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon steel ladle according to claim 1, wherein if the steel ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model in the step S4 is inaccurate, the steel ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is re-established or parameters of the steel ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model are adjusted, and the accuracy of the adjusted steel ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is verified again until the steel ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is accurate, so that the constructed steel ladle bottom-blowing multiphase flow mathematical model is obtained.
6. The method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle according to claim 1, wherein the molten steel velocity data and the equivalent diffusion rate data in the high diffusion rate region in S4 include:
definition of a Single hole section F 1 Is a surface which passes through the center of the bottom blowing hole and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ladle;
defining two holes and more than two holes cross section F 2 A surface which is a connecting line of the round centers of the two bottom blowing holes and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ladle;
the high diffusion rate region is F 2 A region composed of all grid nodes with equivalent diffusion rate greater than or equal to 0.5 times of maximum equivalent diffusion rate in the section;
extracting molten steel speed vector data and equivalent diffusion rate data in a high diffusion rate region;
wherein the equivalent diffusion coefficient formula is:
wherein: d (D) e Is equivalent to the diffusion coefficient D Sm Is laminar diffusion coefficient, D t Mu, the diffusion coefficient of turbulence t Is turbulence viscosity, ρ is molten steel density, and Sc is turbulence Schmidt number.
7. The method for judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blown argon ladle according to claim 6, wherein the simulation in S4 is performed on a mathematical model by Fluent software to obtain a corresponding simulation result; importing the simulation result into Tecplot software, and extracting two holes and two holes to obtain the final productUpper section F 2 And (5) simulating a simulation result.
8. The method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle as claimed in claim 1, wherein calculating the included angle between the two in S5 comprises:
determining an included angle alpha between the molten steel flow direction of each grid node and the equivalent diffusion rate gradient direction according to the speed data of the molten steel in the high diffusion rate region and the equivalent diffusion rate data of the molten steel i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The formula is as follows:
α i ＝cos -1 α i
wherein: a represents a vector of the flow direction of molten steel; b represents the vector of the equivalent diffusion rate gradient direction.
9. The method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle according to claim 1, wherein determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle based on the included angle data of S5 in S6 comprises:
according to the included angle alpha between the molten steel speed direction of each node in the high diffusion rate region and the gradient direction of the equivalent diffusion rate i Record M 1 Is an included angle alpha i A number of 30 ° or less; m is recorded 2 Is an included angle alpha i A number greater than 30 ℃ and less than or equal to 60 °; m is recorded 3 Is an included angle alpha i A number of greater than 60 DEG and less than or equal to 90 ℃;
separately calculate M 1 、M 2 And M 3 Account for the total numberAccording to the percentage, judging the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle;
calculate M 1 Percentage of total N 1 、M 2 Percentage of total N 2 M is as follows 3 Percentage of total N 3 。
10. The method for determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle according to claim 9, wherein determining the desulfurization effect of the bottom-blowing argon ladle based on the included angle data of S5 in S6 comprises:
if N 1 If the desulfurization effect is greater than or equal to 80%, the bottom argon blowing ladle desulfurization effect is judged to be good;
if N 1 Less than 80%, N 2 Greater than 20% and N 3 If the desulfurization amount is less than 10%, judging that the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is general;
if N 3 If the desulfurization rate is greater than or equal to 35%, the desulfurization effect of the bottom argon blowing ladle is judged to be poor.
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