CN114196800B - RH decarburization forecasting method based on hot water well carbon monoxide model - Google Patents

RH decarburization forecasting method based on hot water well carbon monoxide model Download PDF

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CN114196800B
CN114196800B CN202111468151.6A CN202111468151A CN114196800B CN 114196800 B CN114196800 B CN 114196800B CN 202111468151 A CN202111468151 A CN 202111468151A CN 114196800 B CN114196800 B CN 114196800B
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decarburization
predictor
plc
hot water
forecasting
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CN114196800A (en
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王允
何水珍
杨阔鸣
杨红海
毕恩军
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Bengang Steel Plates Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068—Decarburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21C2300/06—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for forecasting RH decarburization based on a hot water well carbon monoxide model, which comprises the following steps: step one, equipment layout;initializing a smith predictor; step three, initializing a decarburization predictor; step four, programming software; step five, system testing; step six, optimizing parameters; in the third step, C 1 Is 200PPM 2 55PPM, compared with the existing RH decarburization forecasting method, the method for forecasting the decarburization reaction based on the hot water well carbon monoxide model has the advantages of low cost and simplicity in maintenance, can independently make decisions by combining a PLC controller, realizes automatic control, and is more accurate than manual control of decarburization; according to the invention, the smith predictor is adopted to compensate the time lag of the signal, so that the accuracy of prediction is further improved; the invention automatically controls the circulating gas flow of different decarburization stages by forecasting each stage of the decarburization reaction, further compresses the decarburization period and saves the cost.

Description

RH decarburization forecasting method based on hot water well carbon monoxide model
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of RH decarburization forecasting, in particular to an RH decarburization forecasting method based on a hot water well carbon monoxide model.
Background
The RH furnace vacuum refining process is a circulating repeated process of vacuumizing by high-temperature steam, blowing argon from an ascending pipe of a dipping pipe, enabling molten steel in a steel ladle to enter a vacuum tank, and then enabling the molten steel to flow back to the steel ladle from another descending pipe in the dipping pipe, wherein the molten steel can be degassed in a circulating vacuum mode to remove hydrogen and other gases in the molten steel and remove inclusions, decarburization is a main process target in the process of producing ultra-low carbon steel in the RH vacuum refining furnace, and the prediction of decarburization finish becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently;
in China, most metallurgical enterprises adopt a furnace gas analysis method to assist in predicting the end of decarburization, as the position of a tail gas analyzer is far away from a vacuum tank and passes through a plurality of water tanks, the problem of obvious hysteresis phenomenon generally exists, in addition, as a tail gas measuring point contains water, the laser albedo is reduced, the measuring precision is influenced, and at present, domestic steel mills cannot independently control the end of decarburization according to a furnace gas analysis system;
the existing methods of both the time-of-flight mass spectrometer and the laser in-situ measurement have the problems of high cost, difficult maintenance, only auxiliary reference supply and incapability of independent decision making; according to actual experience, field operators control decarburization by accumulating according to the time for reaching the lowest vacuum degree, wherein a decarburization period has a certain compression space;
the reliable decarburization forecasting has important significance for shortening the smelting period and reducing the temperature drop in the process, the existing decarburization forecasting only forecasts the finish of decarburization, but does not forecast the reaction of each stage of decarburization, so that the reaction parameters can not be intelligently adjusted according to each reaction stage, the decarburization period can not be further compressed, and the cost is saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an RH decarburization forecasting method based on a hot water well carbon monoxide model, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an RH decarburization forecasting method based on a hot water well carbon monoxide model comprises the following steps: step one, equipment layout; initializing a smith predictor; step three, initializing a decarburization predictor; step four, programming software; step five, system testing; step six, optimizing parameters;
in the first step, a CO concentration detection probe is arranged in a water tank of the hot water well, the CO concentration detection probe is electrically connected with a smith predictor, the smith predictor is electrically connected with a decarburization predictor, the decarburization predictor is electrically connected with a PLC, and the decarburization predictor is electrically connected with a vacuum sensor of an RH furnace;
in the second step, a smith predictor is designed to compensate the time lag of the signal, and the transfer function is as follows:
Figure BDA0003392393710000021
a step signal test controller is adopted, and predictor parameters are set, so that initialization setting of the smith predictor is realized;
in the third step, the vacuum degree value acquired by the vacuum sensor in real time is sent to the decarburization predictor, and the accumulated time of reaching the vacuum degree of below 200Pa for 280s is taken as the dead zone threshold of the decarburization predictor; through experimental tests, the standard content value C of CO in the later stage of decarburization is determined 1 Determining the standard value C of the CO content at the end of the decarburization 2 (ii) a Namely that the content of CO predicted by the smith predictor is more than C 1 Then, the decarburization predictor outputs signals of the initial stage and the middle stage of decarburization to the PLC, and the content of CO predicted by the smith predictor is [ C ] 2 ，C 1 ]Then, the decarburization predictor outputs a decarburization late stage signal to the PLC, and the CO content predicted by the smith predictor is less than C 2 Then, the decarburization predictor outputs a decarburization end signal to the PLC, so that the initialization setting of the decarburization predictor is realized;
in the fourth step, a control program of the decarburization forecasting system, namely a control program of a PLC (programmable logic controller) is compiled, so that when the system is initialized, the PLC can control all devices of the RH furnace to automatically operate according to the program, and when the PLC receives decarburization initial and middle stage signals output by the decarburization forecaster, the PLC can automatically adjust a circulating gas flow control valve to increase the circulating gas flow to 1500-2000NL/min; when the PLC receives a decarburization late signal output by the decarburization predictor, the PLC can automatically adjust the circulating gas flow control valve to increase the circulating gas flow to 2500-3000NL/min; when receiving a decarburization end signal output by the decarburization predictor, the PLC can control the circulating gas flow control valve to be closed and control the RH furnace to perform automatic deoxidation treatment according to the process requirement;
initializing a decarburization forecasting system, running a software program to simulate production, testing the stability of each module of the system, packaging and releasing the program after the test is finished, and performing trial production;
in the sixth step, the error generation reasons in the trial production process are analyzed, the equipment parameters are further optimized, and the errors are eliminated or reduced through field debugging.
Preferably, in the step one, the PLC is used as a main controller of the RH furnace, and is electrically connected to a circulating gas flow control valve, a feeding/discharging device, a vacuum pumping device, and the like of the RH furnace.
Preferably, in the third step, C 1 Is 200PPM 2 Is 55PPM.
Preferably, in the third step, the main decarburization reaction at the later stage of decarburization is surface decarburization and droplet decarburization.
Preferably, in the fourth step, an abnormality processing program and a self-diagnosis program of the decarburization forecasting system are written.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the parameter optimization is to adjust a delay coefficient according to the decarburization hit rate, and if external disturbance occurs, the sampling time needs to be adjusted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the existing RH decarburization forecasting method, the method for forecasting the decarburization reaction based on the hot water well carbon monoxide model has the advantages of low cost and simplicity in maintenance, can independently make decisions by combining with the PLC, realizes automatic control, and is more accurate than manual control of decarburization; according to the invention, the smith predictor is adopted to compensate the time lag of the signal, so that the accuracy of prediction is further improved; the invention automatically controls the circulating gas flow of different decarbonization stages by forecasting each stage of the decarbonization reaction, further compresses the decarbonization period and saves the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of carbon monoxide measurement of an original design furnace gas analysis system in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a decarburization forecast curve obtained by applying the present invention in the example.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: an RH decarburization forecasting method based on a hot water well carbon monoxide model comprises the following steps: step one, equipment layout; initializing a smith predictor; step three, initializing a decarburization predictor; step four, programming software; step five, system testing; step six, optimizing parameters;
in the first step, a CO concentration detection probe is arranged in a water tank of the hot water well, the CO concentration detection probe is electrically connected with a smith predictor, the smith predictor is electrically connected with a decarburization predictor, the decarburization predictor is electrically connected with a PLC, the decarburization predictor is electrically connected with a vacuum sensor of the RH furnace, and the PLC is used as a main controller of the RH furnace and is electrically connected with a circulating gas flow control valve, a feeding and discharging device, a vacuumizing device and other devices of the RH furnace;
in the second step, a smith predictor is designed to compensate the time lag of the signal, and the transfer function is as follows:
Figure BDA0003392393710000041
a step signal test controller is adopted, and predictor parameters are set, so that initialization setting of the smith predictor is realized;
in the third step, the vacuum degree value acquired by the vacuum sensor in real time is sent to the decarburization predictor, and the accumulated time of reaching the vacuum degree of below 200Pa for 280s is taken as the dead zone threshold of the decarburization predictor; through experimental tests, the standard content value C of CO in the later stage of decarburization is determined 1 Determining the standard CO content C at the end of decarburization 2 (ii) a Namely that the content of CO predicted by the smith predictor is more than C 1 Then, the decarburization predictor outputs signals of the initial stage and the middle stage of decarburization to the PLC, and the content of CO predicted by the smith predictor is [ C ] 2 ，C 1 ]In the process, the decarburization predictor outputs a decarburization late stage signal to the PLC, and the CO content predicted by the smith predictor is less than C 2 Then, the decarburization predictor outputs a decarburization end signal to the PLC, thereby realizing the initial setting of the decarburization predictor, wherein C 1 Is 200PPM 2 Is 55PPM, and the main decarburization reaction in the later stage of decarburization comprises surface decarburization and liquid drop decarburization;
in the fourth step, writing an abnormal processing program and a self-diagnosis program of the decarburization forecasting system, and writing a control program of the decarburization forecasting system, namely a control program of a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that when the system is initialized, the PLC can control each device of the RH furnace to automatically operate according to the programs, and when the PLC receives decarburization initial and middle signals output by the decarburization forecasting device, the PLC can automatically adjust a circulating gas flow control valve to increase the circulating gas flow to 1500-2000NL/min; when the PLC receives a decarburization late signal output by the decarburization predictor, the PLC can automatically adjust the circulating gas flow control valve to increase the circulating gas flow to 2500-3000NL/min; when the PLC receives a decarburization end signal output by the decarburization predictor, the PLC can control the closing of the circulating gas flow control valve and control the RH furnace to perform automatic deoxidation according to the process requirement;
initializing a decarburization forecasting system, running a software program to simulate production, testing the stability of each module of the system, packaging and releasing the program after the test is finished, and performing trial production;
in the sixth step, the error generation reasons in the trial production process are analyzed, the equipment parameters are further optimized, and the errors are eliminated or reduced through field debugging, wherein the parameter optimization is to adjust the delay coefficient according to the decarburization hit rate, and if external disturbance occurs, the sampling time needs to be adjusted.
Application example:
the scheme provided by the embodiment is applied to a 5# RH refining furnace of a steel plate steel plant, and a large amount of field debugging experience shows that the minimum vacuum degree time of 280 seconds is a critical experience value, the decarburization hit rate is 99.8%, and if the minimum vacuum degree time is modified into 250 seconds, the decarburization hit rate is reduced to 95.3%; the carbon monoxide measurement curve of the original designed furnace gas analysis system is shown in figure 5, and the figure shows that the carbon monoxide can not be referred in the later stage of decarburization, the measured value has no obvious variation trend, and the number fluctuates in a certain range; the decarburization forecast curve after the application of the present invention is shown in FIG. 6, which shows that: the decarburization interval is arranged in the two curves, and the decision can be completely and independently made and controlled by combining the time of the lowest vacuum degree; the RH furnace with the same steel type and the same oxygen blowing amount is selected for refining the molten steel, and the comparison of the data before and after the scheme of the embodiment is shown in the following table:
furnace number Number plate Steel grade Decarburization time Upper limit of carbon Finished carbon Oxygen blowing amount Application time
2145402 DQ1V E715001 9 0.03 0.023 100 Before application
2155025 DQ1V E715001 7 0.03 0.026 100 After application
2155305 BZT1 E243201 12 0.045 0.023 200 Before application
2155310 BZT1 E243201 9 0.045 0.024 200 After application
2165340 DQ1J E723801 12 0.03 0.022 100 Before application
2155200 DQ1J E723801 10 0.03 0.018 100 After application
2145715 DDQJ E701601 22 0.0025 0.0014 60 Before application
2155102 DDQJ E701601 19 0.0025 0.0021 60 After application
2145797 DQ2J E701501 28 0.003 0.001 160 Before application
2155557 DQ2J E701501 25 0.003 0.003 160 After application
Based on the above, the invention has the advantages that the invention provides a low-cost RH decarburization forecasting method, has obvious cost advantages compared with laser in-situ measurement and a flight time mass spectrometer, can independently decide and control, and obviously reduces decarburization time, thereby shortening refining treatment period, reducing process temperature drop, providing important conditions for automatic steelmaking without dry pre-heating by adopting an electrochemical probe for carbon monoxide gas measurement, having low material consumption and convenient maintenance and detection, improving automation and intelligence level, improving carbon element hit rate, reducing occurrence of ultra-low carbon steel enterprises, improving molten steel quality, shortening decarburization treatment period by more than 2 minutes on the whole, prolonging service life of a suction nozzle, and reducing consumption of refractory materials; when the flow of the lifting gas in the RH furnace is larger, the circulation flow tends to be a maximum value, the lifting gas flow is increased again, the circulation flow cannot be increased any more, but the increased lifting gas flow can increase the volumetric mass transfer coefficient of the decarburization reaction to promote the progress of the decarburization reaction, so that the flow of the lifting gas is increased when other operating conditions are unchanged, and the progress of the decarburization process can be promoted even if the circulation flow is not increased any more.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (6)

1. An RH decarburization forecasting method based on a hot water well carbon monoxide model comprises the following steps: step one, equipment layout; initializing a smith predictor; step three, initializing a decarburization predictor; step four, programming software; step five, system testing; step six, optimizing parameters; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, a CO concentration detection probe is arranged in a water tank of the hot water well, the CO concentration detection probe is electrically connected with a smith predictor, the smith predictor is electrically connected with a decarburization predictor, the decarburization predictor is electrically connected with a PLC, and the decarburization predictor is electrically connected with a vacuum sensor of an RH furnace;
in the second step, a smith predictor is designed to compensate the time lag of the signal, and the transfer function is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
a step signal test controller is adopted, and predictor parameters are set, so that initialization setting of the smith predictor is realized;
in the third step, the vacuum degree value acquired by the vacuum sensor in real time is sent to the decarburization predictor, and the accumulated time of reaching the vacuum degree of below 200Pa for 280s is taken as the dead zone threshold of the decarburization predictor; through experimental tests, the standard content value C of CO in the later stage of decarburization is determined 1 To determine the decarburized junctionStandard value of CO content in beam C 2 (ii) a Namely the content of CO forecasted by the smith predictor is more than C 1 Then, the decarburization predictor outputs signals of the initial stage and the middle stage of decarburization to the PLC, and the content of CO predicted by the smith predictor is [ C ] 2 ，C 1 ]Then, the decarburization predictor outputs a decarburization late stage signal to the PLC, and the CO content predicted by the smith predictor is less than C 2 Then, the decarburization predictor outputs a decarburization end signal to the PLC, so that the initialization setting of the decarburization predictor is realized;
in the fourth step, a control program of the decarburization forecasting system, namely a control program of a PLC (programmable logic controller) is compiled, so that when the system is initialized, the PLC controls all devices of the RH furnace to automatically operate according to the program, and when the PLC receives decarburization initial and middle stage signals output by the decarburization forecasting device, the PLC automatically adjusts a circulating gas flow control valve to increase the circulating gas flow to 1500-2000NL/min; when the PLC receives a decarburization late-stage signal output by the decarburization predictor, the PLC automatically adjusts the circulating gas flow control valve to increase the circulating gas flow to 2500-3000NL/min; when receiving a decarburization end signal output by the decarburization predictor, the PLC can control the circulating gas flow control valve to be closed and control the RH furnace to perform automatic deoxidation treatment according to the process requirement;
initializing a decarburization forecasting system, running a software program to simulate production, testing the stability of each module of the system, packaging and releasing the program after the test is finished, and performing trial production;
in the sixth step, the error generation reasons in the trial production process are analyzed, the equipment parameters are further optimized, and the errors are eliminated or reduced through field debugging.
2. The RH decarburization forecasting method based on the hot water well carbon monoxide model as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the PLC is used as a main controller of the RH furnace and is electrically connected with a circulating gas flow control valve, a feeding and discharging device and a vacuumizing device of the RH furnace.
3. The hot water well carbon monoxide model-based hot water well of claim 1The RH decarburization forecasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the third step, C 1 Is 200PPM 2 Is 55PPM.
4. The RH decarburization forecasting method based on the hot water well carbon monoxide model as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the main decarburization reaction in the later stage of decarburization is surface decarburization and liquid drop decarburization.
5. The RH decarburization forecasting method based on the hot water well carbon monoxide model as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the fourth step, writing an exception handling program and a self-diagnosis program of the decarburization forecasting system.
6. The RH decarburization forecasting method based on the hot water well carbon monoxide model as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the sixth step, the parameter optimization is to adjust the delay coefficient according to the decarburization hit rate, and if external disturbance occurs, the sampling time needs to be adjusted.
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JP5087840B2 (en) * 2005-12-22 2012-12-05 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Decarburization end point judgment method in vacuum degassing equipment
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