CN212688117U - Converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis - Google Patents

Converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis Download PDF

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CN212688117U
CN212688117U CN202020517659.5U CN202020517659U CN212688117U CN 212688117 U CN212688117 U CN 212688117U CN 202020517659 U CN202020517659 U CN 202020517659U CN 212688117 U CN212688117 U CN 212688117U
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converter
gas
gas analysis
smelting
dynamic
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高毅夫
高劼
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Beijing Kaide Hengyuan Technology Development Co ltd
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Beijing Kaide Hengyuan Technology Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses converter smelting overall process terminal point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis belongs to converter smelting control technique, has set up converter on-the-spot gas detection probe in the aspect of system composition, collects before smelting each time, analyzes the gas mole fraction that is used for gas analysis in the air, guarantees the accuracy of gas analysis basic data; constructing a gas analysis decarburization dynamic model in the whole process of converter smelting; constructing a dynamic terminal carbon time prediction model; the constructed system and the dynamic mathematical model overcome the defects in the prior art, can realize the dynamic control of the end point carbon in the whole smelting process of the converter, and are widely suitable for various converter steelmaking systems which are newly built, expanded or modified.

Description

Converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the converter steelmaking control technology, in particular to converter steelmaking endpoint carbon control.
The utility model does not relate to the converter steelmaking end point temperature control technology.
Background
The converter steelmaking end point carbon control technology is a key technology for realizing full-automatic steelmaking of a converter and is always an object of important research in the industry. Since the end of the eighties of the last century, research on converter steelmaking end point carbon control technology by gas analysis has been on the rise abroad, and research on this aspect has also been started at home at the end of the last century.
A plurality of foreign large-scale steel mills successfully apply a furnace gas analysis static model and a dynamic model or a furnace gas analysis and a sublance dynamic model to control the performance of the production of the converter, and the carbon content and the temperature hit rate are about 90 percent.
Theoretical calculation and laboratory research in China have achieved some achievements, and certain progress is made in digestion and transplantation of the introduced technology, for example, a dynamic model of furnace gas analysis and sublance is adopted to control converter production, a splashing forecasting model is established according to furnace gas analysis data, and dry return and splashing are forecasted by using the change of gas component information. However, at present, no converter smelting end point carbon automatic control technology based on gas analysis which has completely independent intellectual property rights and can be practically applied does not exist in China.
The prior furnace gas analysis technology has the following problems:
(1) in the prior art, dynamic control of the whole process of converter smelting cannot be realized, so that automatic control of converter steelmaking end point carbon is usually performed by adopting a mode of combining a static model and a dynamic model, namely, static model control is adopted before oxygen blowing amount reaches about 80%, and then dynamic model control is adopted. Because the static model can generate larger accumulated error and is difficult to meet the requirements, a terminal carbon exponential decay model or a quadratic curve model based on statistical data is adopted in the later stage of converter smelting, and partial error caused by initial conditions can be eliminated. However, the method has no universal applicability to different steel grades and different converter operating environments, and in addition, the models are only approximate calculation models and have differences from the actual smelting conditions;
(2) the requirement on the standardized operation of the smelting process is high, and the method is difficult to adapt to the irregular and complex actual smelting process;
(3) the dependence on a statistical data model of decarburization rate and decarburization oxygen efficiency is realized, a dynamic mathematical model constructed by data dynamically changing along with the smelting process is not developed, and particularly after carbon monoxide in the flue gas is reduced to zero in the later stage of smelting, the mathematical model in the prior art loses the support of gas analysis data, which is one of the reasons for low end point carbon hit rate;
(4) the converter steelmaking end point carbon control method in the prior art usually adopts an empirical model, a static model and a dynamic model. Except the empirical model, the rest of the control models are obtained by statistical processing, mechanism analysis or regression analysis and the like under certain assumed conditions. Because the converter steelmaking process is a complex physical and chemical reaction process under a high-temperature condition, is influenced by a plurality of factors, and some factors cannot be accurately and quantitatively described, the end point carbon control of the converter steelmaking is implemented according to a static model and a dynamic model constructed in the prior art, and the effect is not satisfactory;
(5) the prior art is limited to a control mode of a static model and a dynamic model, and the technical bottleneck of end point carbon dynamic control in the whole smelting process is not broken through all the time;
(6) because the prior art does not solve the problem of dynamic control of the end point carbon of gas analysis in the whole process of converter smelting, the development of the full-automatic steelmaking technology of medium and small converters is severely restricted.
In conclusion, the prior art cannot fundamentally meet the requirement of full-automatic steelmaking of the converter, and theoretical research and application technologies need to be broken through urgently.
The dynamic control system for the end point carbon of the whole process of converter smelting based on gas analysis has not seen published publications, documents or data.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at researching and developing a converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system adaptive to the working condition of the converter according to the characteristics of the converter smelting working condition so as to realize the converter steelmaking full-automatic control of various scales and different working conditions.
The utility model has the key points that the problems in the prior art are researched, the bottleneck in the prior art is broken through, the converter smelting whole-process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis is innovatively adopted, the converter field gas detection probe is arranged in the aspect of system composition, the gas mole fraction for gas analysis in the air is collected and analyzed before each smelting, and the accuracy of the gas analysis basic data is ensured; constructing a gas analysis decarburization dynamic model in the whole process of converter smelting; and constructing a dynamic endpoint carbon time prediction model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis, wherein 1 in FIG. 1 is a converter main control room computer workstation which is a human-computer interaction interface of the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis; 2 is a gas analysis computer; 3 is a gas detection device; 4, a converter flue gas detection probe; 5 is a converter on-site gas detection probe; 6 is a converter base automation PLC device; 7 is a converter primary flue gas flow detection device; and 8, a converter smelting process state and information detection device.
Detailed Description
One of the necessary conditions for establishing the mathematical model based on the gas analysis is that the hearth pressure of the converter is required to be in a negative pressure state in the whole smelting process so as to ensure that no carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide overflow from a furnace mouth along with flue gas at any moment, namely, the feasibility of decarburization calculation and the accuracy of decarburization calculation are ensured, and all descriptions and mathematical model construction are carried out on the premise.
The dynamic control system for the end point carbon in the whole process of converter smelting based on gas analysis is developed on the basis of overcoming the defects in the prior art, and the dynamic model for the gas analysis decarburization in the whole process of converter smelting (1) is developed aiming at the defects of large deviation between a target value and an actual value and no universality characteristic in the static model and dynamic model control method in the prior art, wherein the characteristic of the formula (1) is that the residual carbon in molten steel can be dynamically calculated in the whole smelting process, the technical bottleneck that the dynamic model control of the end point carbon can be implemented only in a small range in the prior art is broken through, and the formula (1) is suitable for the dynamic control of the end point carbon in the whole process of converters with various scales and different smelting processes.
Cpi=(Ci-1-(Pgc2i-Pac2 X Pghi/Pah+Pgc1i)X Qgi X(12/22.4))/G (1)
In order to obtain the accurate gas mole fraction for gas analysis generated by air entering from a furnace mouth, the utility model is provided with a converter on-site gas detection probe which is used for detecting the gas mole fraction for gas analysis in the air under the converter on-site environment and used as the reference data in the calculation of a gas analysis mathematical model; before each smelting, the reference data are obtained through on-site gas detection and gas analysis and are stored in a gas analysis computer database, so that the reference data can be conveniently called in calculation of a gas analysis decarburization dynamic model.
The converter smelting process is very complex, and the change factors related to smelting operation are more, so that great difficulty is brought to mathematical model modeling, and in the prior art, a mechanism model based on material balance and heat balance, a statistical model based on a mathematical statistical method, an empirical model based on accumulated smelting parameters, a static incremental model based on a multiple regression method and the like are tried, but ideal results are not obtained. The converter smelting end point carbon dynamic control in the prior art is basically realized through two ways: firstly, dynamic control based on sublance and gas analysis; the other is gas analysis dynamic control based on static model + dynamic model. In recent years, a gas analysis dynamic control technology is developed to a certain extent, but major breakthrough is not made all the time, and the end point carbon hit rate is always about 90 percent loitering.
The utility model discloses key technology has been carried out in the aspect of terminal point carbon dynamic control system's setting and mathematical model's the aspect of establishing, has broken through the technological bottleneck constraint of puzzlement many years, has realized whole smelting process terminal point carbon dynamic control to on the basis of converter smelting overall process gas analysis decarbonization dynamic model formula (1), dynamic terminal point carbon time prediction model formula (2) have been established.
Cf=k(At2+Bt+C) (2)
The decarburization dynamic model calculation data of the whole smelting process gas analysis forms a decarburization characteristic curve, the characteristic curve is expressed by adopting a dynamic unitary quadratic equation model formula (2), and the time for reaching the end point carbon can be predicted through the equation model formula (2); the dynamic equation model is obtained by calculating the coefficients of the equation model according to different stages, different working states and different process parameters of the smelting process, and the coefficients are continuously updated and calculated along with the smelting process to obtain a characteristic curve consistent with the smelting oxygen blowing and decarburization process; because the converter smelting decarburization process is a complex nonlinear dynamic process, any static equation model cannot correctly describe the whole process, and the dynamic one-dimensional quadratic equation model formula (2) can perfectly describe the process; the real-time decarburization characteristic curve is displayed in a computer workstation picture of a converter main control room for guiding the smelting process, and the complete decarburization characteristic curve stored in the computer is used for technical analysis, fault finding, mathematical model optimization, system development and comprehensive technical judgment.
As for the time for forecasting the end point carbon, the end point carbon time forecasting of the whole smelting process can be carried out by adopting a dynamic unitary quadratic equation model formula (2).
Regarding the accuracy of the mathematical model, for different types of converters and different smelting operation conditions, certain deviation exists for different smelting stages of the same heat, so that in order to correct the dynamic end point carbon time prediction model of the formula (2), an engineering coefficient k is set, the coefficient belongs to the optimization category of the mathematical model, and after the data of the smelting process of multiple heats are obtained, the off-line optimization calculation method of the mathematical model is adopted for determination.
The system for dynamically controlling the endpoint carbon of the whole process of converter smelting based on gas analysis is realized by the system shown in figure 1, a computer workstation (1) of a converter master control room in figure 1 is a human-computer interaction interface of the system for dynamically controlling the endpoint carbon of the whole process of converter smelting based on gas analysis, and is a digital device which is formed on the basis of the computer workstation, is provided with the setting and modification functions of the endpoint carbon dynamic control parameters of the whole process of converter smelting based on gas analysis and a dynamic curve display picture, is connected with a gas analysis computer (2), acquires gas analysis data and information in real time, is connected with a converter foundation automation PLC device (6), and acquires interlocking information of production and operation, equipment state information and related system parameters from the PLC system in real time; the gas analysis computer (2) is the core of a converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis, a mathematical model database is built in the gas analysis computer, the gas analysis computer is connected with a gas detection device (3), gas detection information of the device is obtained in real time, gas analysis dynamic calculation is carried out in real time, a monitoring result is sent to a converter main control room computer workstation (1) and is connected with a converter basic automation PLC device (6), and production operation interlocking information, equipment state information and related system parameters are obtained from the PLC device in real time; the gas detection device (3) is a computer-based multifunctional gas analyzer, is a mass spectrometer, a laser gas analyzer or an infrared gas analyzer, and is connected with a converter flue gas detection probe (4) and a converter field gas detection probe (5); a converter flue gas detection probe (4) is arranged on a converter flue, and a gas detection signal is sent to a gas detection device (3); a converter site gas detection probe (5) is arranged at a site near a converter mouth, and a gas detection signal is sent to a gas detection device (3); the converter basic automation PLC device (6) is a digital control device and is respectively connected with a converter main control room computer workstation (1), a gas analysis computer (2), a converter primary flue gas flow detection device (7) and a converter smelting process state and information detection device (8); a converter primary flue gas flow detection device (7) is connected with a converter basic automation PLC device (6), and a flue gas flow signal is sent to the PLC device; the converter smelting process state and information detection device (8) is connected with a converter basic automation PLC device (6), and smelting process state and information signals are sent to the PLC device.
Compared with the prior art, the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis realizes the full-automatic dynamic control of the end point carbon of the whole smelting process, creates a brand-new and wide visual field and space for the application of energy conservation and emission reduction, yield increase and quality guarantee of converter steelmaking, has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and has the beneficial characteristics that:
(a) the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis is adopted for the first time, and the technical bottleneck problem which puzzles the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control for a long time is solved, wherein the gas in the air near the working area of the converter is sampled and analyzed before the converter smelting begins for the first time and is used as basic data of dynamic model calculation, and the calculation precision of a dynamic model is improved;
(b) the utility model is a converter smelting end point carbon control system which is completely independent of a sublance;
(c) the utility model realizes the dynamic control of the end point carbon in the whole process of converter smelting, even in the later stage of smelting, when the carbon monoxide in the flue gas is reduced to zero, the dynamic model can still utilize the carbon dioxide in the gas analysis to calculate the decarbonization amount, thereby ensuring the decarbonization amount calculation precision of the whole process of smelting, therefore, the utility model discloses a predicted end point carbon hit rate is more than 95%;
(d) the utility model is a scientific, simple, practical and efficient converter smelting end point carbon control method, which can further improve the converter smelting production operation rate, improve the yield, improve the product quality and reduce the production cost and loss;
(e) the utility model is suitable for the control system of the end point carbon for the smelting of various types and scales of converters, especially solves the full-automatic steel-making problem of small and medium converters, and has wide application range and good application prospect;
(f) the utility model discloses a converter smelting overall process gas analysis decarbonization dynamic model and terminal point carbon time prediction model will produce lifelike decarbonization dynamic curve and terminal point carbon time prediction dynamic curve, can be used to guide, improve the converter smelting process, can improve the rate of recovery of converter coal gas, can further improve energy saving and emission reduction benefit.
(g) The utility model discloses converter smelting overall process terminal point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis is because of having a great deal of advantage of above-mentioned a ~ f, so the overall performance is superior to prior art's sublance system's control system and gas analysis static model in earlier stage + later stage dynamic model's control system.
The converter smelting overall process terminal carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis is widely applied to various converter steelmaking systems which are newly built, expanded or modified, the above is only an example of an application field of the utility model, and is not used for limiting the utility model, although the utility model is explained in detail with reference to the example, for a person skilled in the art, the technical scheme recorded by the example can be modified, or part of the technical characteristics can be equivalently replaced; any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the control principle and control strategy of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis is characterized in that a converter main control room computer workstation (1) is a human-computer interaction interface of the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis, a digital device is formed on the basis of the computer workstation, a converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control parameter setting and modifying function and a dynamic curve display picture of the gas analysis are arranged, the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control parameter setting and modifying function and the dynamic curve display picture are connected with a gas analysis computer (2), gas analysis data and information are obtained in real time, the converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system is connected with a converter foundation automation PLC device (6), and production operation interlocking information, equipment state information and related system parameters are obtained from a PLC system in real time; the gas analysis computer (2) is the core of a converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis, a mathematical model database is built in the gas analysis computer, the gas analysis computer is connected with a gas detection device (3), gas detection information of the device is obtained in real time, gas analysis dynamic calculation is carried out in real time, a monitoring result is sent to a converter main control room computer workstation (1) and is connected with a converter basic automation PLC device (6), and production operation interlocking information, equipment state information and related system parameters are obtained from the PLC device in real time; the gas detection device (3) is a computer-based multifunctional gas analyzer, is a mass spectrometer, a laser gas analyzer or an infrared gas analyzer, and is connected with a converter flue gas detection probe (4) and a converter field gas detection probe (5); a converter flue gas detection probe (4) is arranged on a converter flue, and a gas detection signal is sent to a gas detection device (3); a converter site gas detection probe (5) is arranged at a site near a converter mouth, and a gas detection signal is sent to a gas detection device (3); the converter basic automation PLC device (6) is a digital control device and is respectively connected with a converter main control room computer workstation (1), a gas analysis computer (2), a converter primary flue gas flow detection device (7) and a converter smelting process state and information detection device (8); a converter primary flue gas flow detection device (7) is connected with a converter basic automation PLC device (6), and a flue gas flow signal is sent to the PLC device; the converter smelting process state and information detection device (8) is connected with the converter basic automation PLC device (6), and smelting process state and information signals are sent to the PLC device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a converter site gas detection probe is provided for detecting the gas mole fraction for gas analysis in the air in the converter site environment as reference data in calculation of a gas analysis mathematical model in order to obtain an accurate gas mole fraction for gas analysis generated by the air entering from the converter mouth; before each smelting, the reference data are obtained through on-site gas detection and gas analysis and are stored in a gas analysis computer database, so that the reference data can be conveniently called in calculation of a gas analysis decarburization dynamic model.
CN202020517659.5U 2020-04-10 2020-04-10 Converter smelting overall process end point carbon dynamic control system based on gas analysis Expired - Fee Related CN212688117U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022198594A1 (en) * 2021-03-25 2022-09-29 北京凯德恒源科技发展有限公司 Gas analysis-based dynamic control method for end-point carbon in whole converter smelting process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022198594A1 (en) * 2021-03-25 2022-09-29 北京凯德恒源科技发展有限公司 Gas analysis-based dynamic control method for end-point carbon in whole converter smelting process

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