CN117630728A - Switching tube open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning method suitable for multiphase half-bridge inverter - Google Patents
Switching tube open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning method suitable for multiphase half-bridge inverter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for diagnosing and positioning open-circuit faults of a switching tube suitable for a multiphase half-bridge inverter. The invention adopts the switch switching characteristic waveform of the DC side voltage of the inverter as the indication signal of the fault of the switching tube, can realize the accurate diagnosis and positioning of the open-circuit fault of the switching tube in one to two periods of the fault of the switching tube, improves the fault processing speed, avoids the adverse effect of the open-circuit fault of the switching tube on other devices of the circuit, and improves the operation safety of the inverter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fault diagnosis of switching tubes of inverters, in particular to a switching tube open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning method suitable for a multiphase half-bridge inverter.
Background
In recent 20 years, with the rapid development of power electronics technology, PWM inversion technology with modern switching devices as cores is increasingly widely used in power systems. The inverter is widely applied to new energy power systems, electric vehicles, ship power systems and the like as a converter for realizing electric energy DC/AC conversion, plays a key role in modern power systems, and is extremely easy to generate faults under higher working frequency due to the fact that the inverter comprises a large number of power electronic switching tubes and works for a long time, so that the inverter is one of main reasons for causing faults of the power electronic power systems. The open-circuit fault of the switching tube can not cause serious direct damage, but can cause the equipment to work in an abnormal running state, so that other normal devices bear larger electric stress, if the fault can not be rapidly removed, secondary fault is extremely likely to be caused, and larger loss is caused, so that the research of the fault diagnosis method for the switching tube of the inverter has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a switching tube open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning method suitable for a multiphase half-bridge inverter, and at least solves part of the problems in the prior art.
The invention is realized in the following way:
the invention provides a switching tube open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning method suitable for a multiphase half-bridge inverter, which comprises the following steps:
s1, voltage data and a switching tube control signal are collected: obtaining a direct-current voltage signal and switching tube driving signals of each phase from an inverter controller;
s2, monitoring characteristic waveforms: the characteristic waveform generated on the direct-current voltage in the switching process of the inverter switching tube is used as an indication signal for judging whether the switching tube is normally switched or not;
s3, fault diagnosis: determining the phase of the fault switching tube by comparing the corresponding position relationship of the switching of the driving signals of each phase and the indication signal of the direct-current voltage deficiency in the time domain;
s4, judging the current direction: judging the direction of each phase of current by the type of the direct-current voltage characteristic waveform;
s5, positioning a fault switch tube: and judging the fault occurrence position through the direction of fault phase current.
Further, in step S2, the change of the switching tube control signal of each phase of the inverter is monitored, and a threshold time t after the change of the switching control signal is generated th Internal DC voltage U dc Identifying characteristic peaks and troughs on the waveform, entering a fault diagnosis link if no peak trough signal appears,
t th ＝t d +t dd +t t (1)
in the formula (1), t d Is the delay time of the switch tube, t dd For the dead time of the switching tube, t t The maximum time required for the switching tube to turn on and off the current.
Further, in step S3, if there is a threshold time t after the X-phase switch control signal is changed in two consecutive switching periods th Is not in DC voltage U dc And if the phenomenon of the characteristic wave crest or the characteristic wave trough is detected, diagnosing that the X phase has open-circuit faults.
Further, in step S4, a current i is output for the X-phase x If the characteristic waveform of the direct-current voltage is a wave crest when the upper bridge arm switch tube is turned on or the characteristic waveform of the direct-current voltage is a wave trough when the upper bridge arm switch tube is turned off, i is x >0, i.e. the current direction is the positive direction; if the characteristic waveform of the direct current voltage is a trough when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched on or a crest when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched off, i x <0, i.e. the current direction is negative.
Further, if the current direction is positive, the current only flows through the upper bridge arm switching tube, the fault switching tube is positioned at the upper bridge arm, if the current direction is negative, the current only flows through the lower bridge arm switching tube, the fault switching tube is positioned at the lower bridge arm, and when the judging results of two continuous periods are consistent, the fault diagnosis and positioning result is output.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the switch switching characteristic waveform of the DC side voltage of the inverter as the indication signal of the fault of the switching tube, can realize the accurate diagnosis and positioning of the open-circuit fault of the switching tube in one to two periods of the fault of the switching tube, improves the fault processing speed, avoids the adverse effect of the open-circuit fault of the switching tube on other devices of the circuit, and improves the operation safety of the inverter.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multiphase half-bridge inverter topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart for diagnosing and locating an open-circuit fault of a switching tube of an inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for diagnosing and positioning open-circuit faults of a switching tube of an inverter suitable for various multiphase half-bridge topological structures, and the current change rate of current mutation is in a direct-current side inductance L in the switching-on and switching-off process of the switching tube of the inverter dc The induced voltage generated on the switch tube can generate characteristic wave peaks and characteristic wave troughs corresponding to the on and off of the switch tube on the direct current voltage waveform by monitoring the direct current voltage U dc Whether or not to go upJudging whether each phase of switching tube is normally switched on and off under the control of a driving signal or not by the existence of characteristic waveforms corresponding to the change of the switching function, and determining the phase of the fault switching tube by comparing the corresponding relation between the change of each phase of switching function and the switching characteristic signals in the time domain when the fault occurs and the switching characteristic signals are absent; the inductance L can be judged by the wave crest and wave trough characteristics of the direct-current side voltage dc The polarity of the induced voltage generated on the circuit board is then determined, and the positive and negative of the current change rate of each phase during switching of the switching state are determined, so that the current direction can be determined, and the position of the fault can be determined by combining the phase where the fault switching tube is located and the current direction of the phase.
The IGBT switch tubular state monitoring and fault prediction method provided by the invention is based on the multiphase half-bridge inverter topological structure and the voltage measurement position shown in figure 1, and filters the inductance L at the direct current side dc Front measurement of DC voltage U dc The open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning flow of the inverter switching tube provided by the invention is shown in figure 2, and can be divided into five main links of voltage data and switching tube control signal acquisition links, characteristic waveform monitoring links, fault diagnosis links, current direction judging links and fault switching tube positioning links, and the method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Obtaining DC voltage U from PWM controller dc And switching tube control signal S of each phase x Real-time data of (a) in a database.
(2) Monitoring inverter switching tube control signal S x Change ΔS of (a) x Threshold time t after the switch control signal is changed th Internal DC voltage U dc Identifying characteristic peaks and troughs on the waveform, if peaks appear, enabling a switch to switch characteristic indication signals C=1, if troughs appear, enabling C=1, if no peak trough signals appear, enabling C=0, entering a fault diagnosis link, enabling t=0, starting timing, and setting X-phase fault indication signals F x ＝F x The +1, x phase represents a certain phase of the multiphase half bridge inverter.
t th ＝t d +t dd +t t (1)
T is in d Is the delay time of the switch tube, t dd For the dead time of the switching tube, t t The maximum time required for the switching tube to turn on and off the current.
(3) If two switching periods 2T are continuous c All have X-phase switch control signals S x Time t of threshold after change th Is not in DC voltage U dc And if the phenomenon of the characteristic wave crest or the characteristic wave trough is detected, diagnosing that the X phase has open-circuit faults.
(4) Output current i to X phase x The direction of the current direction is determined to be D ix ＝ΔS x C, if the characteristic waveform of the direct-current voltage is a wave crest when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched on or the characteristic waveform of the direct-current voltage is a wave trough when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched off, i x >0 (current direction is positive, current flow direction is consistent with arrow direction in fig. 1); if the characteristic waveform of the direct current voltage is a trough when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched on or a crest when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched off, i x <0 (current direction is negative, opposite to the positive direction of current).
(5) Make fault location indication signal L x ＝D ix When L x When=1, the switching tube of the upper bridge arm of the X phase is open, when L x When = -1, it indicates that the switching tube of the lower bridge arm of the X phase is open, i.e. if i x >0, if the current only flows through the upper bridge arm switching tube, the fault switching tube is positioned on the upper bridge arm, if i x <And 0, when the current only flows through the lower bridge arm switching tube, the fault switching tube is positioned on the lower bridge arm, and when the judging results of two continuous periods are consistent, the fault diagnosis and positioning results are output.
The invention adopts the switch switching characteristic waveform of the DC side voltage of the inverter as the indication signal of the fault of the switching tube, can realize the accurate diagnosis and positioning of the open-circuit fault of the switching tube in one to two periods of the fault of the switching tube, improves the fault processing speed, avoids the adverse effect of the open-circuit fault of the switching tube on other devices of the circuit, and improves the operation safety of the inverter.
In fig. 1, a dashed box K represents a switch of an inverterA network whose switching network structure is different for different inverter topologies; x represents a certain switching tube; i.e x Representing the current flowing through a switching tube of a certain phase; i.e o Representing the input current of the switching tube circuit; c1 represents a filter capacitor; i.e C1 Representing the current through the filter capacitor; u (U) C1 A voltage representative of the filter capacitance; l (L) es The parasitic inductance of the branch where the representative capacitor is located is an inherent parasitic parameter; l (L) dc Representing the direct current side filter inductance; i.e L Is the current flowing through the direct current side filter inductor; u (U) dc Representing a dc voltage.
In FIG. 2, F a 、F b 、F c Representing three-phase fault indication times; c represents a switch switching characteristic indication signal; d (D) ix Representing a current direction indication signal; ΔS x Representing the 0, 1 variation of the control signal before and after the switch is switched; t represents time, t=0 represents starting timing by the switching timing of the switch control signal; f (F) x Represents F a 、F b 、F c ；F x ＝F x +1 represents the count, F x >1 represents that the fault indication times are greater than 1, and the fault indication times are greater than 1 to judge that faults exist; t (T) c Represents a switching period, 2T c Representing two switching cycles; l (L) x Wherein x=a, b, c, L x Indicating fault location indication signal of certain phase, when L x When=1, the switching tube of the upper bridge arm of the X phase is open, when L x When the phase is = -1, the switching tube of the lower bridge arm of the X phase is opened; "featureless" means entering a fault diagnosis link. When t>2T c When then F x =0, i.e. the failure indication number is recalculated.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The open-circuit fault diagnosis and positioning method for the switching tube suitable for the multiphase half-bridge inverter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, voltage data and a switching tube control signal are collected: obtaining a direct-current voltage signal and switching tube driving signals of each phase from an inverter controller;
s2, monitoring characteristic waveforms: the characteristic waveform generated on the direct-current voltage in the switching process of the inverter switching tube is used as an indication signal for judging whether the switching tube is normally switched or not;
s3, fault diagnosis: determining the phase of the fault switching tube by comparing the corresponding position relationship of the switching of the driving signals of each phase and the indication signal of the direct-current voltage deficiency in the time domain;
s4, judging the current direction: judging the direction of each phase of current by the type of the direct-current voltage characteristic waveform;
s5, positioning a fault switch tube: and judging the fault occurrence position through the direction of fault phase current.
2. The switching tube open fault diagnosis and localization method for multiphase half bridge inverter according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the change of the switching tube control signal of each phase of the inverter is monitored, and a threshold time t is set after the change of the switching control signal th Internal DC voltage U dc Identifying characteristic peaks and troughs on the waveform, entering a fault diagnosis link if no peak trough signal appears,
t th ＝t d +t dd +t t (1)
in the formula (1), t d Is the delay time of the switch tube, t dd For the dead time of the switching tube, t t The maximum time required for the switching tube to turn on and off the current.
3. The switching tube open fault diagnosis and localization method for multiphase half bridge inverter according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, if there is a threshold time t after the X-phase switch control signal is changed in two consecutive switching periods th Is not in DC voltage U dc And if the phenomenon of the characteristic wave crest or the characteristic wave trough is detected, diagnosing that the X phase has open-circuit faults.
4. The switching tube open fault diagnosis and localization method for multiphase half bridge inverter according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, a current i is output for the X phase x If the characteristic waveform of the direct-current voltage is a wave crest when the upper bridge arm switch tube is turned on or the characteristic waveform of the direct-current voltage is a wave trough when the upper bridge arm switch tube is turned off, i is x >0, i.e. the current direction is the positive direction; if the characteristic waveform of the direct current voltage is a trough when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched on or a crest when the upper bridge arm switching tube is switched off, i x <0, i.e. the current direction is negative.
5. The switching tube open fault diagnosis and localization method for multiphase half-bridge inverters of claim 4, wherein: if the current direction is positive, the current only flows through the upper bridge arm switching tube, the fault switching tube is positioned on the upper bridge arm, if the current direction is negative, the current only flows through the lower bridge arm switching tube, the fault switching tube is positioned on the lower bridge arm, and when the judging results of two continuous periods are consistent, the fault diagnosis and positioning result is output.
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| CN118091477A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Method and device for detecting and positioning faults of CHB (common-channel bus) converter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118091477A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Method and device for detecting and positioning faults of CHB (common-channel bus) converter |
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