CN117629562A

CN117629562A - Thermal protection test device

Info

Publication number: CN117629562A
Application number: CN202410030297.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋俊柏; 邢睿思; 吴振强; 刘武刚; 王龙; 孔凡金; 高博; 刘振皓; 张明明
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering
Priority date: 2024-01-09
Filing date: 2024-01-09
Publication date: 2024-03-01

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a thermal protection test device, includes: a base; the test piece installation assembly is arranged on the base; the included angle between the test piece installation component and the base is adjustable, and the test piece installation component is used for installing a test piece to be tested; the striker triggering assembly is arranged above the test piece mounting assembly; the striker released by the striker triggering component is used for striking the test piece to be tested; the heater is arranged at the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly. The thermal protection test device provided by the embodiment of the application can realize that an impact object impacts a test piece to be tested at a certain temperature so as to test and research the damage mechanism of the test piece to be tested, thereby improving the performance of the thermal protection structure of the aircraft.

Description

Thermal protection test device

Technical Field

The application relates to a heat protection technology, in particular to a heat protection test device.

Background

With the development of aerospace technology, reusable aircrafts are becoming a popular direction of development. The reusable aircraft is provided with a thermal protection structure, has good heat insulation effect, can protect the aircraft from being affected by high temperature, and is one of key technologies for determining the development of the aircraft. The thermal protection structure is required to be made of loose and light materials, and the materials are extremely easy to break after being impacted. For example, when an aircraft takes off on a runway, if the aircraft is impacted by stones, dust particles and the like, the heat protection structure is easily damaged and serious consequences are caused. The accident of the aviation aircraft of Columbia number in the United states is the world in which fragments falling off from pipeline materials of the aviation aircraft impact on a thermal protection structure of the front edge of the wing to cause damage, so that the wing structure of the aviation aircraft is melted and broken.

In order to study the mechanism of damage to thermal protection mechanisms when impacted, particularly at low speed, a test device is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one of the technical defects, a thermal protection test device is provided in an embodiment of the application.

According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a thermal protection testing apparatus comprising:

a base;

the test piece installation assembly is arranged on the base; the included angle between the test piece installation component and the base is adjustable, and the test piece installation component is used for installing a test piece to be tested;

the striker triggering assembly is arranged above the test piece mounting assembly; the striker released by the striker triggering component is used for striking the test piece to be tested;

the heater is arranged at the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the test piece installation component is arranged on the base; the included angle between the test piece installation component and the base is adjustable, and the test piece installation component is used for installing a test piece to be tested; the striker triggering assembly is arranged above the test piece mounting assembly; the striker released by the striker triggering component is used for striking the test piece to be tested; the heater is arranged at the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly, so that the striker can strike a test piece to be tested at a certain temperature, and the damage mechanism of the test piece to be tested is tested and researched, so that the performance of the aircraft thermal protection structure is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal protection test device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base and test piece mounting assembly of a thermal protection test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an impactor trigger assembly in a thermal protection testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is an exploded view of a heater in a thermal protection testing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a base; 11-a bottom plate; 12-a slider; 13-a support; 14-sliding grooves;

2-a test piece mounting assembly; 21-mounting a base plate; 22-mounting side plates; 23-connecting holes;

3-striker trigger assembly; 31-sleeve; 32-supporting rods; 33-mounting holes;

4-a heater; 41-a middle beam; 42-side beams; 43-capping beam; 44-quartz lamp heating pipes; 45-a first arcuate mounting slot; 46-second arcuate mounting groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application and not exhaustive of all the embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

The embodiment provides a thermal protection test device for the thermal protection structure on the aircraft receives the striking and tests to the analysis obtains thermal protection structure's damage mechanism, in order to promote the performance of aircraft.

As shown in fig. 1, the thermal protection test device provided in this embodiment includes: a base 1, a test piece mounting assembly 2, a striker triggering assembly 3 and a heater 4.

Wherein, test piece installation component 2 sets up on base 1, and test piece installation component 2 is used for installing the test piece that awaits measuring, and the test piece that awaits measuring is the thermal protection structure on the aircraft, for example: a heat-proof tile. The included angle between the test piece installation component 2 and the base 1 is adjustable to adjust the angle of the test piece to be tested, realize testing and analysis to the process that the test piece to be tested receives multiple angle striking.

The striker triggering assembly 3 is arranged above the test piece mounting assembly 2, and the striker released by the striker triggering assembly 3 is used for striking a test piece to be tested.

The heater 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly 3 and is used for heating a test piece to be tested so that the striker impacts the heat-proof tile at a certain temperature.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the test piece installation component is arranged on the base; the included angle between the test piece installation component and the base is adjustable, and the test piece installation component is used for installing a test piece to be tested; the striker triggering assembly is arranged above the test piece mounting assembly; the striker released by the striker triggering component is used for striking the test piece to be tested; the heater is arranged at the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly, so that the striker can strike a test piece to be tested at a certain temperature, and the damage mechanism of the test piece to be tested is tested and researched, so that the performance of the aircraft thermal protection structure is improved.

On the basis of the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of the base 1, as shown in fig. 2, the base 1 includes: a base plate 11, a slider 12 and a support 13.

The bottom plate 11 has a plate-like structure and is laid on the ground or a table. The upper surface of the bottom plate 11 is provided with a chute 14, and the chute 14 extends in the length direction of the bottom plate 11. The chute 14 may be a dovetail or T-slot.

The slide 12 is slidable in the slide groove 14 and is fixed to the base plate 11 when slid to the target position. The top of the slider 12 protrudes from the upper surface of the bottom plate 11.

The supporting piece 13 is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the bottom plate 11, and one side of the supporting piece 13 facing the chute 14 is provided with an inclined plane. The test piece mounting assembly 2 leans against the inclined surface of the supporting piece 13, and the bottom end of the test piece mounting assembly 2 is limited between the supporting piece 13 and the sliding block 12. The tilt angle of the test piece mounting assembly 2 can be adjusted by moving the position of the slider 12.

The slide block 12 is provided with a threaded hole, and the slide block 12 can be fixed at any position of the bottom plate 11 by passing a screw through the threaded hole.

The test piece mounting assembly 2 includes: a mounting base plate 21 and a mounting side plate 22. Wherein the mounting base plate 21 rests against the inclined surface of the support 13. The two mounting side plates 22 are respectively positioned on two sides of the mounting bottom plate 21, and connecting holes 23 are formed in the ends, far away from the mounting bottom plate 21, of the mounting side plates 22 and are used for mounting a test piece to be tested.

One embodiment is that: the mounting side plate 22 has an L-shaped structure, one end of which is vertically connected to the side edge of the mounting bottom plate 21, and the other end of which is provided with a connecting hole 23. Two connecting holes 23 are arranged on each mounting side plate 22 at intervals.

On the basis of the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of the striker triggering assembly 3, as shown in fig. 3, the striker triggering assembly 3 includes: a sleeve 31 and a support bar 32. The number of the support rods 32 is at least three, the top ends of the support rods 32 are connected with the sleeve 31, and the bottom ends of the support rods are obliquely supported on the periphery of the base 31. The sleeve 31 extends vertically, and a channel for the passing of the impact object is arranged in the sleeve 31 and a trigger piece for limiting or triggering the impact object is arranged in the sleeve 31.

The side wall of the sleeve 31 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 33, and the plurality of mounting holes 33 are arranged in N rows, N being the same as the number of the support bars 32. The mounting holes 33 in each column are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the sleeve 31, and the top ends of the support rods 32 are connected to the mounting holes 33 by fasteners.

In this embodiment, three support rods 32 are used, and any two support rods 32 of the three support rods 32 form an included angle of 120 ° between the projections of the horizontal plane. The tip of the support rod 32 is inserted into the mounting hole 33 by a screw. The three support rods 32 are fixed to the mounting holes 33 at different positions by screws, thereby adjusting the height of the sleeve 31.

The mounting hole 33 for connecting the support rod 32 may be a blind hole or a through hole.

The embodiment provides a specific scheme for connecting the trigger piece. The sleeve 31 is provided with a mounting hole 33 penetrating the side wall of the sleeve 31, that is, the mounting hole 33 is a through hole. The trigger is a pin that is inserted from the mounting hole 33 into a passage in the sleeve through which the striker passes. The pin blocks the falling of the striker, and realizes the supporting and limiting of the striker positioned in the sleeve 31. When the trigger is disengaged from the mounting hole 33, the striker can be released, allowing the striker to fall freely.

In the test process, the pin is inserted into the sleeve 31, and then the striker is put in from the top end of the sleeve 31 and falls to the pin. After the test piece to be tested is mounted on the test piece mounting assembly 2 and the angle is adjusted, the pin is pulled out, so that the striker falls freely to strike the test piece to be tested.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the present embodiment further provides an embodiment of the heater 4, as shown in fig. 4, the heater 4 includes: heating girder and heating piece. Wherein the heating main beam is connected to the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly; the heating element is arranged on the heating main beam and is arranged at the periphery of the sleeve and used for heating the impact object or the test piece to be tested.

The heating main beam specifically includes a center sill 41 and side sills 42, wherein the center sill 41 is connected to the sleeve 31. Specifically, the center sill 41 is a rectangular frame having a space therein through which the sleeve 31 passes. The longer two beams in the middle beam 41 are symmetrically provided with assembly holes, the sleeve 31 is connected to the middle beam 41 by respectively penetrating through the assembly holes and the mounting holes on the sleeve 31 through pins, and the included angle between the middle beam 41 and the sleeve 31 can be adjusted.

The side beams 42 are arranged at the end parts of the middle beam 41, the side beams 42 are respectively arranged at two sides of the end parts of the middle beam 41, the side beams 42 extend along the direction perpendicular to the middle beam 41, and each heating piece is connected between the side beams 42 at two ends of the middle beam 41. In this embodiment, four side beams 42 are adopted, wherein two side beams 42 are connected to one end of the middle beam 41, and are respectively positioned at two sides of the end and are perpendicular to the middle beam 41; the other two side beams 42 are connected to the other end of the center sill 41, and are located on both sides of the end, respectively, perpendicular to the center sill 41. The heating element is parallel to the center sill 41 and is connected between two side sills 42 on the same side.

Further, a quartz lamp heating tube 44 is employed as the heating member. A plurality of first arc-shaped mounting grooves 45 with upward openings are arranged on the side beams 42, and the radius of the first arc-shaped mounting grooves 45 is matched with that of the quartz lamp heating pipe 45. And a plurality of second arc-shaped mounting grooves 46 are formed in the cover beam 43, the cover beam 43 is connected with the side beams 42 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the first arc-shaped mounting grooves 45 and the second arc-shaped mounting grooves 46 are butted to form a space for accommodating the quartz lamp heating pipes 44 so as to fix the quartz lamp heating pipes 44.

The outside of the quartz lamp heating pipe 44 is also sleeved with an aluminum mesh shock absorber, so that the vibration of the quartz lamp heating pipe 44 can be reduced.

The scheme provides the low-speed impact test device for the test piece to be tested under the heated condition, and the low-speed impact test of different impact speeds, angles and surface temperatures of the test piece to be tested can be simulated in the low-speed impact process. The impact can be a pellet which can be released from different heights to fall down to achieve an impact speed of 2-6 m/s. The angle between the mounting bottom plate 21 and the base 11 can be 0-60 degrees, so that the impact of the projectile on the test piece to be tested can be realized within the range of 0-45 degrees.

According to the different properties of the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density and the like of the test piece to be tested, the impact test of the surface of the test piece to be tested under the high temperature condition of 600-800 ℃ can be realized.

The heater 4 is arranged on the sleeve 31, so that the heater 4 can be protected from being damaged on the premise of ensuring the heating effect, and the angle adjustment can be carried out along with a test piece to be tested.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may communicate with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A thermal protection test device, comprising:

a base;

the heater is arranged at the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly.

2. The thermal protection testing device of claim 1, wherein the base comprises:

a bottom plate; the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with a chute;

a slide block; the sliding block can slide in the sliding groove and can be fixed on the bottom plate when sliding to a target position;

the support piece is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the bottom plate; an inclined plane is arranged on one side of the supporting piece, which faces the chute; the test piece installation component leans against the inclined plane of the support piece, and the bottom end limit of the test piece installation component is located between the support piece and the sliding block.

3. The thermal protection testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein said test piece mounting assembly comprises:

a mounting base plate;

installing a side plate; the two mounting side plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the mounting bottom plate, and connecting holes are formed in the ends, away from the mounting bottom plate, of the mounting side plates and are used for mounting the test piece to be tested.

4. The thermal protection testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the striker trigger assembly comprises: a sleeve and a support rod; the number of the supporting rods is at least three, the top ends of the supporting rods are connected with the sleeve, and the bottom ends of the supporting rods are obliquely supported on the periphery of the base; the sleeve extends vertically, a channel for the passing of the impact object is arranged in the sleeve, and a trigger piece for limiting or triggering the impact object is arranged in the sleeve.

5. The thermal protection testing device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the side wall of the sleeve, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in N rows, and the number of N is equal to the number of the supporting rods; each mounting hole in each row is sequentially distributed along the length direction of the sleeve; the top end of the support rod is connected to the mounting hole through a fastener.

6. The thermal protection testing apparatus of claim 5, wherein the trigger is inserted into a mounting hole through a sidewall of the sleeve for supporting and limiting an impact located in the sleeve; the trigger piece is released from the mounting hole to release the striker.

7. The thermal protection testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the number of support rods is three, and any two of the three support rods form an included angle of 120 ° between the projections of the three support rods on a horizontal plane.

8. The thermal protection testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein said heater comprises:

a heating main beam connected to the bottom end of the striker triggering assembly;

the heating element is arranged on the heating main beam and is arranged on the periphery of the sleeve.

9. The thermal protection testing apparatus of claim 8, wherein said heating main beam comprises:

the middle beam is connected with the sleeve;

the boundary beams are arranged at the end parts of the middle beams, extend along the direction perpendicular to the middle beams, and are connected between the boundary beams at the two ends of the middle beams.

10. The thermal protection testing device of claim 9, wherein the heating element is a quartz lamp heating tube;

the side beam is provided with a plurality of first arc-shaped mounting grooves; the heating girder further includes: the cover beam is provided with a plurality of second arc-shaped mounting grooves; the bent cap links to each other with the boundary beam, and first arc mounting groove and the butt joint of second arc mounting groove form the space that is used for holding quartz lamp heating pipe.