CN1176272C

CN1176272C - Method for lowering seepage line of body of dam by adopting osyris wightiana guide filtration

Info

Publication number: CN1176272C
Application number: CNB021477795A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘燕翊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-12-04
Filing date: 2002-12-04
Publication date: 2004-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-04
Also published as: CN1412390A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for lowering a seepage line of a dam body by adopting sand needle guide filtration. A hole is dug in a slope surface at a dam foundation foot of the back slope of the dam body needing guide filtration, and the hole direction is parallel or roughly parallel to the horizontal surface. The diameter of the hole is 70 to 90mm, and the depth is 2 to 6 m. The material having easy water penetration is filled or placed in the hole so as to form sand needles. Then, a hole mouth is sealed by mixed sand and stone materials, and thus, the appearance of the dam slope is restored. Subsequently, the water penetrating into the dam body is guided toward the hole mouth and drained out of the dam body. The needle distance is 1 to 1.5m, and the sand needles are arranged in single row or double-row mode. The sand needles are arranged alternately mutually or arranged in a shape of a plum blossom. The method uses the characteristic of the easy water penetration of the sand needles. As a result, the present invention can effectively guide the penetrating water contained in the dam body over the sand needles to the hole mouth and drain the water out of a dam. Besides, the method has any damage for the dam. The present invention has the advantages of low cost, convenient construction and no need of dam body digging. In addition, the present invention has obvious effect of reducing the seepage line and obtains the effect instantly, and thus, the present invention can extremely effectively drain the water and stably concrete the back slope of the dam. Finally, the present invention performs the function of preventing separate dipping, piping and slope removal and stabilizing dams.

Description

Adopt Osyris wightiane to lead the method that filter reduces dam seepage line

Technical field

The present invention relates to dyke building, particularly a kind of Osyris wightiane that adopts in dyke building is led the method that filter reduces dam seepage line.

Background technology

China is the very serious country of flood.Quite growing one period, because indiscriminate felling of trees, overgraze and other are all to the environment damage behavior, cause rivers,lakes and seas periphery ecological environment to be subjected to very big infringement, there is statistics to show, Yangtze river basin flood generation frequency by in the past per 8 years once, shorten to per 5 years gradually, whenever biyearly.China's dyke is of a great variety, is divided into earth embankment (dam), stone-pitched jetty, native stone mixing dike, steel concrete flood protection wall etc. by banking material.Wherein earth embankment accounts for quite heavy ratio in whole dyke building.

At flood season, earth dam near water the face length time bear the high water level water pressure, water content increases in the dam body, phreatic line rises, and goes out the ease point behind the slope and rises, domatic humidity, softening.Add that people and animals trample on or dam body in leave over inhomogeneities (often living through repeatedly heightening and thickening) or the like the factor of structure such as stub, pipeline or interim preloading or dam body, can make dykes and dams occur loosing and soak piping, the generation that can bring out and aggravate to wash away dike slopes when serious.Experiences and practices shows, reduces phreatic line, reduce the ease point be prevent to loose behind the earth dam soak, piping or the effective way of washing away dike slopes, increasing draining, to lead the filter facility be effective.Now common method has following several: the one, and dam body face near water adds clay wall and bedding intercepts water; The 2nd, intercept water every being seeped into basic unit in dam center line curtain grouting; The 3rd, build pressure at the dam body back side and soak platform; The 4th, at the dam body back side vertical drainage is set and leads the filter well; The 5th, lead the filter shallow ridges in the draining of dam adverse grade excavation herringbone.Preceding four kinds of methods the ease point positive effect are arranged reducing dam seepage line, reducing, but engineering quantity is big, expend higher, several also be subjected to construction operation environment, the restrictions of time (whether in flood season) are arranged, and last a kind of method then is an emergency measure in a kind of flood season, and effect is limited.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of easy construction, lead the method for the effective and economic reduction dam seepage line of filter, reduce dam adverse grade water content.

The said method of the present invention is: burrow on domatic intending leading filter dam body adverse grade dam foundation pin place, the hole is to parallel or be in substantially parallel relationship to horizontal plane, the diameter in hole is 70～90mm, the degree of depth is 2～6m, fills or insert the material of easy percolating water in the hole, forms Osyris wightiane, then the hole is sealed with the mixed sand building stones, recover the dam slope profile, will infiltrate the water of dam body and guide the hole into, discharge dam body.Needle gage is 1～1.5m, and single file or duplicate rows are arranged, and be alternate each other, perhaps is the plum blossom shape and arranges.

Parallel or be in substantially parallel relationship to horizontal plane on the dam adverse grade, squeeze into a row or many two row's Osyris wightianes to face direction near water, utilize the easy percolating water characteristic of Osyris wightiane, can be effectively with the contained infiltration guiding of the above dam body of Osyris wightiane hole, then discharge by gutter outside the dam, this method has no to damage to dykes and dams, have with low cost, easy construction, need not excavate the advantage of dam body, it is remarkable to reduce the phreatic line effect, gets instant result, discharging consolidation stablize the dam adverse grade very effectively, and finally playing prevents to loose soaks, piping and washing away dike slopes and the firmly effect of dyke.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the present invention leads filter effect schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an Osyris wightiane arrangement form schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is a kind of pneumatic punch hammer structural principle schematic diagram that is used to burrow;

Fig. 5～Fig. 8 is the Osyris wightiane construction flow chart.

Among the figure: 1-former drawdown curve, 2-dam crest, 3-beat drawdown curve behind the Osyris wightiane, 4-adverse grade, A-former go out to escape a little, go out to escape a little behind the B-beat Osyris wightiane, 5-in the line that washes away dike slopes, 6-Osyris wightiane, 7--dam foundation pin, 8-near water is domatic, 9-drill bit, 1-sleeve pipe, 11--wears pick machine drill bar, 12-guide pipe, 13-connector, 14-carriage, 15-guide rail, 16-stretcher, 17-punch hammer, 18-direction finder, 19-air hose, 20 power tables, 21-supporting pipeline, 22-gas storage bag, 23-air compressor, 24-scale, 25-yellow sand inserts, 26-sandstone mixing sealing compound.

Embodiment

Being similar to the pneumatic punch hammer of marine products QC and Hubei Polytichnic College's aerogenesis, moving underground to wear the underground pick machinery of wearing such as pick machine be very much to be suitable for wearing on dykes and dams the said hole of pick the present invention.The dry season dry weather, the dykes and dams soil moisture content is little, when forming the small-bore, is difficult in the hole caving in, and is the best period that adopts the said method construction of the present invention at this moment.Method has two kinds, and the one, with wearing pick mechanical presses punching, when reaching projected depth, withdraw from punch hammer immediately, be about to pvc pipe or steel pipe subsequently and send in the hole, the limit is entered husky limit and is moved back tube edge and tear pipe open then; The 2nd, sleeve pipe punching, pipe and hammer advanced in unison when reaching projected depth, withdraw from punch hammer outside the pipe at once, and then, the limit is entered husky limit and is moved back tube edge and tear pipe open.Should note: A can adopt and push away husky bar (its front end has circular push pedal, bar merogenesis, establishes joint) to push away sand plug tight, yellow sand in the push-tight hole when moving back pipe; B is little because lead the diameter of filter sand pin, and length is short, so it is little to move back the pipe resistance; C is shorter because of Osyris wightiane, thus except that requiring level, get final product with dam body axis approximate vertical, generally needn't be directed, as the needs orientation, available engineering survey method orientation burrows; D is owing to construction plant broad behind the dykes and dams, so can only dig shallow working pit or not dig working pit; E is that constructing operation is convenient, and all kinds of sleeve pipes all can be made 2 meter one joint, establish joint.

But also manual pore-forming under similarity condition.With luoyang spade elder generation several holes of sondage, if smoothly, then behind pore-forming, fill in yellow sand immediately.Requirement is: the yellow sand of cleaning, in case pore-forming is filled in husky and jam-pack immediately, and reasonable cloth hole.

In non-excavation underground construction equipment, pneumatic punch hammer is generally used for pipeline installation in the urban construction with high efficiency, low cost, the simple advantage of job practices.It is made up of an airtight cylinder body and a piston reciprocating in cylinder body, piston is power with compressed air, along with air pressure alternately changing in the chamber, front and back, constantly back and forth impact the impact head that its front end and cylinder body connect together, thereby punch hammer or steel pipe are constantly advanced along the axis of design in soil layer, realize the purpose of non-excavation punching pipe laying.Fig. 5～concrete job step of Osyris wightiane construction technology process shown in Figure 8 is: the first step, and drill bit and sleeve pipe advance (Fig. 5 shows) simultaneously; Second step, arrive at the bottom of the hole after, the motionless drilling rod that withdraws from of sleeve pipe advances middle rough sand (Fig. 6 shows); In the 3rd step, sleeve pipe withdraws from one section, advances husky material (Fig. 7 shows) again; The 4th step repeated for the 3rd step, limit drill drift pipe, and the limit advances yellow sand, and long 400mm is sealed with melon rice, yellow sand macadam-aggregate mix in the hole.

Generally speaking, for the safety of backwater levee slope, the toe place of backwater be provided with horizontal Osyris wightiane lead the filter drainage both can with go out the ease point drop to domatic below, both economical again.Yet, although Osyris wightiane is led the monolithic stability that filter does not influence dam body, but because dam body formative factor complexity, generally speaking following four aspect reasons are arranged, the one, some earth embankment all is just to reach present dyke section from bright after clearly repeatedly increasing training so far, its soil property is inhomogeneous, even ginseng is mixed with thin sand and soil, sandy loam even building that carries in history and structure; The 2nd, in work progress, banket

Blocked up, roll unreally, dry density does not reach design standard, " forces on " during heightening and thickening, and shear strength is not enough, and the too fast or draining of the progress of building a dam of banketing in the water is not good at forming concentrated soft layer; The 3rd, administrative reason, arbitrarily preloading in dykes and dams, the load that washes away dike slopes in artificially having increased, to serious loose soak with piping dike section flood before do not take measures, lead filter drainage imperfection behind the dike, ponding is difficult to efflux; The 4th, natural cause, the high water level duration in flood season is long, and flood level exceeds design standard, and phreatic line continues to rise, and the domatic point that goes out to escape constantly rises behind the dam.Therefore, except determine to be the safety meter diameter, the degree of depth, needle gage and the Osyris wightiane arrangement form of Osyris wightiane according to the said conventional method of the present invention, should control needle penetration, should observe water law and River Embankment management rules according to the safety requirements construction of water conservancy administrator office and design department.And should " GB50286-98, CJJ50-92 " carries out seepage flow and seepage stability and calculates, then do suitable adjustment again according to national standard.

Said to fill one of easy percolating water material in the hole be yellow sand, should clean; Insert one of easy percolating water material and lead the filter flexible pipe for plastics in the hole, this flexible pipe has the commercially available prod, but never is used in the non-excavation hydraulic engineering; Simultaneously, also can in the hole, insert monitoring instrument, in order to situations such as the infiltration of monitoring dam body, stability.

Claims

1. one kind is adopted Osyris wightiane to lead the method that filter reduces dam seepage line, it is characterized in that: burrow on domatic intending to lead filter dam body adverse grade dam foundation pin place, the hole is to being parallel to horizontal plane, the diameter in hole is 70～90mm, the degree of depth is 2～6m, and fills the easily material yellow sand of infiltration in the hole, forms the Osyris wightiane entity, to infiltrate the water of dam body and guide the hole into, discharge dam body.

2. lead the method that filter reduces dam seepage line as the said employing Osyris wightiane of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said Osyris wightiane entity needle gage is 1～1.5m, and single file or duplicate rows are arranged, interlaced with each other the arranging of hole of two row when duplicate rows is arranged.

3. lead the method that filter reduces dam seepage line as claim 1,2 said employing Osyris wightianes, it is characterized in that: cavitation is filled out husky back and with the mixed sand building stones hole is sealed, and recovers the dam slope profile.

4. lead the method that filter reduces dam seepage line as claim 1,2 said employing Osyris wightianes, it is characterized in that: burrow machinery and operating procedure are: the one, with wearing the pick mechanical punching, when reaching projected depth, withdraw from punch hammer immediately, be about to pvc pipe or steel pipe subsequently and send in the hole, the limit is entered husky limit and is moved back tube edge and tear pipe open; The 2nd, sleeve pipe punching, pipe and hammer advanced in unison when reaching projected depth, manages motionlessly, and horse back withdraws from punch hammer outside the pipe, and then, the limit is entered husky limit and is moved back tube edge and tear pipe open.

5. lead the method that filter reduces dam seepage line as claim 1,2 said employing Osyris wightianes, it is characterized in that: also available hand tool digs a hole, and fills in clean yellow sand after the cavitation immediately.