CN117621458A - Real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of 3D printer - Google Patents
Real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN117621458A CN117621458A CN202311681418.9A CN202311681418A CN117621458A CN 117621458 A CN117621458 A CN 117621458A CN 202311681418 A CN202311681418 A CN 202311681418A CN 117621458 A CN117621458 A CN 117621458A
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of a 3D printer, wherein a monocular camera is installed above a printing area of 3D printing equipment in a downward visual angle, and a two-dimensional image of a section of an object being printed is shot downwards through the monocular camera; according to the monocular camera internal parameters calibrated in advance and the monocular camera external parameters corresponding to a 3D printer coordinate system, performing perspective projection on three-dimensional data of a current slice of an object model being printed in a computer to an image plane to generate a two-dimensional projection contour image of the section of the object being printed; acquiring a matching distance between an edge contour of a two-dimensional image of a section of an object being printed and a two-dimensional projection contour image of the section of the object being printed by the current 3D model through the monocular camera to calculate a print quality fraction; and evaluating the quality of the current printing in real time according to the printing quality score, so that the function of monitoring the printing quality in real time and feeding the printing quality back to a control system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional (3D) printing, in particular to a real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality in a 3D printing process.
Background
The 3D printing technology is a rapid forming technology for constructing objects by a layer-by-layer stacking mode based on a digital model, integrates optical, mechanical and electrical integrated technology, and is modern important manufacturing equipment. The 3D printing technology has very wide application in the fields of medical care, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, education and the like. With the development of technology, the 3D printing technology will be more intelligent in the future, the printing quality is higher, the printing speed is faster, and the printed materials are wider, so as to promote the development of the manufacturing industry. To realize high-quality printing, real-time online detection of printing quality is required in the printing process, deformation, collapse and other conditions in the printing process are timely found, and the current printing precision is detected in real time, so that closed-loop feedback is formed, and timely adjustment of the printing process is realized.
The product quality analysis and control system of the existing 3D printer cannot intuitively display the printing quality condition to staff, and the printing quality monitoring mode is more than that of the traditional 3D printer by monitoring by the staff or performing similarity comparison by adopting a complex three-dimensional coordinate comparison mode, and the printing quality is generally judged by comparing the difference between a printed product and an original digital three-dimensional model, so that the printed three-dimensional model is mainly obtained by the technologies of a 3D scanner, a light speckle technology, a profilometer, a multi-view surface three-dimensional reconstruction and the like and is compared with a set printed three-dimensional model, and the printing quality is determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality, which can be applied to a 3D printer and can detect the printing quality on line in real time in a printing process in a low-cost mode. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for detecting printing quality of a 3D printer at low cost in real time, comprising the steps of:
installing a monocular camera above a printing area of the 3D printing equipment and downwards at a visual angle, and shooting a two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed downwards through the monocular camera, wherein the visual field of the monocular camera can cover the whole section of the object being printed;
performing calibration on the monocular camera internal parameters and external parameters relative to a 3D printer coordinate system in advance according to a calibration algorithm, and performing perspective projection on three-dimensional data of a current slice of an object model being printed in a computer to an image plane according to the calibrated camera internal parameters and external parameters to generate a two-dimensional projection contour image of the object being printed;
performing edge detection on the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed, which is acquired by the monocular camera, to acquire the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed;
and calculating a printing quality score according to the matching distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed, and evaluating the current printing quality in real time according to the printing quality score, so that the function of monitoring the printing quality in real time and feeding back the printing quality to a control system is realized.
Still further, the number of the monocular cameras is one, the monocular cameras are arranged above the printing area of the 3D printing equipment, and the camera view field can cover the whole section of the object being printed.
The edge detection is to shoot a two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed downwards by a monocular camera to carry out gray processing, and then use an edge detection operator to carry out edge detection to obtain the section contour line of the image.
The calculation expression for calculating the printing quality fraction F by the matching distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed is as follows:
wherein N is the number of contour points of the image, and Deltax i ，Δy i Is the difference between x, y between the corresponding points.
The invention provides a real-time low-cost detection method for the printing quality of a 3D printer, wherein a monocular camera is installed downwards at a visual angle above a printing area of 3D printing equipment, and the visual field of the monocular camera can cover the whole section of an object being printed; shooting a two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed downwards through the monocular camera; calibrating the monocular camera internal parameters and the camera external parameters relative to a 3D printer coordinate system in advance according to a calibration algorithm, and performing perspective projection on three-dimensional data of a current slice of an object model being printed in a computer to an image plane to generate a two-dimensional projection contour image of the object being printed; acquiring a two-dimensional image of the section of the printing object through the monocular camera, performing gray-scale treatment, and performing edge detection by using an edge detection operator to obtain the profile of the section of the image; calculating the printing quality fraction by matching the obtained image section outline with the two-dimensional projection outline of the section of the object being printed by the current 3D model; and evaluating the quality of the current printing in real time according to the printing quality fraction, so that the function of monitoring the printing quality in real time and feeding the printing quality back to a control system is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and the present invention may be further understood with reference to the contents of the drawings. The components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of a 3D printer according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an image capturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. And in the description of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or other similar words are used to indicate a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, unless expressly limited otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of a 3D printer, the real-time low-cost detection method includes the following steps:
s100, camera images.
Specifically, a monocular camera is installed downwards at a visual angle above a printing area of the 3D printing device, two-dimensional images of a section of an object being printed are shot downwards through the monocular camera, the number of the monocular cameras is one, the monocular camera is arranged above the printing area of the 3D printing device, and the field of view of the monocular camera can cover the whole section of the object being printed.
S101, current slice three-dimensional data.
Specifically, the current slice three-dimensional data is the current slice three-dimensional data of the object model being printed in the computer.
S102, calibrating internal parameters and external parameters of the camera.
Specifically, calibration is performed on the monocular camera internal parameters and external parameters relative to a 3D printer coordinate system in advance according to a calibration algorithm.
S103, performing perspective projection on the current slice to form a two-dimensional image.
The three-dimensional data perspective projection of the current slice of the object model being printed in the computer is projected to an image plane according to the calibrated camera internal parameters and external parameters to generate a two-dimensional projection contour image of the section of the object being printed;
s104, image matching.
Specifically, edge detection is carried out on the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed, which is obtained by the monocular camera, so as to obtain the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed; the edge detection is to shoot a two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed downwards by a monocular camera to carry out gray processing, then use an edge detection operator to carry out edge detection, obtain the section contour line of the image, and then carry out image matching.
S105, printing quality scores.
Specifically, the print quality score is calculated according to the matching distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed, and the current print quality is evaluated in real time according to the print quality score, so that the functions of monitoring the print quality in real time and feeding back the print quality to the control system are achieved. The calculation expression for calculating the printing quality fraction F by the matching distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed is as follows:
wherein N is the number of contour points of the image, and Deltax i ，Δy i Is the difference between x, y between the corresponding points.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of a 3D printer, where an image acquisition device of an embodiment of the real-time low-cost detection method includes the following modules:
s106, a monocular camera.
Specifically, the number of the monocular cameras is one, the monocular cameras are arranged above the printing area of the 3D printing equipment, and the field of view of the monocular cameras can cover the whole section of the object being printed.
S107, an image data processor.
Specifically, edge detection is performed on the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed, which is acquired by the monocular camera, the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed is acquired, the print quality score is calculated according to the matching distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed, the current print quality is evaluated in real time according to the print quality score, and the result is fed back to the upper computer control system.
S108, a computer.
Specifically, according to the print quality score, the print quality is monitored in real time.
Advantageous effects
According to the invention, a monocular camera is adopted to shoot a two-dimensional image of a section of a printing object downwards and the three-dimensional data perspective projection of the current section of the printing object model in the computer is adopted to generate a two-dimensional projection image of the printing section, and the two-dimensional projection image is compared, so that the real-time low-cost real-time quality detection of the printing quality of the 3D printer is realized. According to the invention, the object being printed at any moment can be photographed in a tangent plane, the two-dimensional image photographed downwards by the monocular camera is subjected to edge detection, and the three-dimensional data of the current slice being printed by the object model in the computer is projected to the image plane in a perspective manner to generate the two-dimensional projection image profile of the tangent plane of the object being printed, so that the image registration and evaluation at any moment are realized, the real-time quality detection is realized, the printing quality is fed back to the upper computer control system, the printing quality detection cost in 3D printing is greatly reduced, the quality detection efficiency is also improved, and the method is suitable for wide 3D printing work and operation scenes.
Claims (5)
1. A real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of a 3D printer, characterized in that the real-time low-cost detection method comprises the following steps:
installing a monocular camera downwards at a visual angle above a printing area of the 3D printing equipment, and shooting a two-dimensional image of a section of an object being printed downwards through the monocular camera, wherein the visual field of the monocular camera can cover the whole section of the object being printed;
performing calibration on the monocular camera internal parameters and the camera external parameters corresponding to the 3D printer coordinate system in advance according to a calibration algorithm, and performing perspective projection on the three-dimensional data of the current slice of the object model being printed in the computer to an image plane according to the calibrated camera internal parameters and the calibrated camera external parameters to generate a two-dimensional projection contour image of the object being printed;
performing edge detection on the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed, which is acquired by the monocular camera, to acquire the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed;
and calculating a printing quality score according to the matching distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed, and evaluating the current printing quality in real time according to the printing quality score, so that the function of monitoring the printing quality in real time and feeding back the printing quality to a control system is realized.
2. A real-time low cost detection method for print quality of a 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the number of monocular cameras is one, arranged above the print area of the 3D printing device, and the camera field of view covers the entire section being printed.
3. The method for detecting the printing quality of the 3D printer in real time at low cost according to claim 1, wherein the edge detection is to use an edge detection operator to detect edges after a two-dimensional image of a section of an object being printed is shot downwards by a monocular camera to carry out gray processing, so as to obtain a section contour line of the image.
4. A real-time low cost detection method for 3D printer print quality according to claim 1, wherein the calculation expression for calculating the print quality score F by matching the distance between the edge contour of the two-dimensional image of the section of the object being printed and the two-dimensional projection contour of the section of the object being printed is as follows:
wherein N is the number of contour points of the image, and Deltax i ，Δy i Is the difference between x, y between the corresponding points.
5. The method for detecting the printing quality of the 3D printer in real time at low cost according to claim 1, wherein the quality of the current printing is evaluated in real time according to the printing quality score, and the function of monitoring the printing quality in real time and feeding the printing quality back to a control system is realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311681418.9A CN117621458A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of 3D printer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311681418.9A CN117621458A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of 3D printer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117621458A true CN117621458A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311681418.9A Pending CN117621458A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Real-time low-cost detection method for printing quality of 3D printer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117621458A (en) |
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- 2023-12-07 CN CN202311681418.9A patent/CN117621458A/en active Pending
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