CN117607981A - Method for detecting wearing state of tissue oxygen probe - Google Patents
Method for detecting wearing state of tissue oxygen probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN117607981A CN117607981A CN202311422318.4A CN202311422318A CN117607981A CN 117607981 A CN117607981 A CN 117607981A CN 202311422318 A CN202311422318 A CN 202311422318A CN 117607981 A CN117607981 A CN 117607981A
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/16—Matrix or vector computation, e.g. matrix-matrix or matrix-vector multiplication, matrix factorization
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe, which comprises the following steps: s1, collecting an original signal; s2, acquiring a near infrared light signal; s3, signal preprocessing; s4, calculating an energy ratio, and judging the energy ratio by using a threshold value; s5, stacking the preprocessed signals into a matrix, and calculating to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix of the matrix; and S6, calculating and analyzing the correlation coefficient matrix, and finally judging the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe. The wearing state is judged by collecting the original signals of the tissue oxygen probes 735nm, 810nm and 850nm under the condition of not depending on pulse waves, the complete pulse wave is not required to be collected, the immediate output result can be achieved, the output wearing state delay is only related to communication delay, and the delay of falling off alarm can be reduced to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tissue oxygen monitoring in medical equipment, in particular to a method for detecting the wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe.
Background
The tissue oxygen probe is used as a sensor for collecting near infrared light signals, and the collected signals are used for calculating the blood oxygen saturation of the tissue. Under normal wear conditions, the device will alert when tissue oxygen saturation falls to a certain range. In order to distinguish between the normal wearing and the unworn state, the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe is usually monitored, and when the probe is not worn, the system can remind medical staff and stop calculating the tissue oxygen saturation degree so as to avoid false alarms caused by the interference of ambient light. Unlike the devices for measuring arterial blood oxygen in the market, the tissue oxygen measurement requires deeper penetration depth, and pulse waves in the original signals are relatively weak, especially in the external circulation operation such as heart transplantation, blood is circulated by the external circulation device, and no pulse phenomenon is generated, so that the traditional pulse waveform cannot be obtained through the optical signals, and the difficulty of judging the wearing state is increased.
The existing wearing state identification method is generally based on pulse wave quality or received signal strength, and is difficult to distinguish between states such as extracorporeal circulation monitoring, probe falling or wearing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting the wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe, which can detect the wearing state in real time without depending on pulse wave signals, thereby avoiding false alarms caused by falling, unworn or ambient light interference.
The application discloses a method for detecting the wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring an original signal, and acquiring a near-end signal and a far-end signal through a tissue oxygen probe;
s2, acquiring a near infrared light signal, and subtracting the ambient light interference from the original signal to obtain the near infrared light signal;
s3, signal preprocessing, namely, carrying out recognition processing on the condition that the ambient light interference is less than or equal to 0 and outputting an unworn state so as not to influence subsequent calculation;
s4, calculating an energy ratio of the preprocessed signals, judging the energy ratio by using a threshold value, and outputting an unworn state when the energy ratio is smaller than or equal to the threshold value;
s5, stacking the preprocessed signals into a matrix, and calculating to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix of the matrix;
and S6, calculating and analyzing the correlation coefficient matrix, and finally judging the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe.
Preferably, the tissue oxygen probe packageThe light source emits light with 3 wavelengths in a continuous wave mode, and the wavelengths are respectively as follows: lambda (lambda) 1 ＝735nm、λ 2 ＝810nm、λ 3 ＝850nm。
Preferably, the signal acquisition is performed by a continuous wave mode, and the calculation formula of the signal length is as follows:
L＝t*fs；
wherein L is the signal length, and simultaneously represents the array size of a group of signals when the computer stores data, t is the time length of collecting the signals, the range value is 0.01 seconds-0.5 seconds, fs is the sampling rate, and the range value is 50-300HZ.
Preferably, in the step S1, the acquired near-end signal is:
the acquired far-end signals are:
wherein lambda is 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 Three wavelengths of three near infrared light emitted by the light source; superscript d represents that the signal is dark current; subscript near represents that the signal is from the near end; subscript far represents that the signal is coming from the far end; the value of n is 1,2, 3.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the near infrared light signal in S2 is as follows:
wherein,for near infrared light signals after subtracting ambient light, they are present in the form of arrays in a computer.
Preferably, the specific method for preprocessing the S3 signal is as follows:
when (when)And stopping the subsequent calculation step when any point in any signal in the 6 groups of signals is less than or equal to 0, immediately outputting the state as 'unworn', and otherwise, performing subsequent calculation step.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the energy ratio in S4 is:
wherein,for the ratio of the energies, threshold_value is chosen in the range 1.2-5.5, when +.>If the value is less than or equal to the threshold_value, stopping the subsequent calculation step, immediately outputting the state as 'unworn', otherwise, performing subsequent calculation.
Preferably, the calculating method of S5 is as follows:
signal is sent toStacked into a matrix a of 6*n, where each row corresponds to a signal:
wherein matrix a represents one sample per column;
calculating correlation coefficients according to all samples in the matrix A to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix B, and obtaining elements B of the matrix B i，j The pearson correlation coefficient between the ith column and the jth column samples in the matrix a is represented by the following calculation formula:
wherein,is the mean value of the ith column of matrix A; />Is the mean of the j-th column of matrix a.
Preferably, the method for judging the wearing state of S6 includes:
setting all elements of a diagonal line in the matrix B as 0, setting a threshold value theta, wherein the value range of the theta is between 0.98 and 1, and then calculating the number of elements of each row in the matrix B larger than the threshold value theta:
wherein N (i) is the number greater than the threshold value theta in the ith row, and B [ i, j ] is the element in the ith row and the jth column in the matrix B;
find rows that possess at most more than the threshold θ element:
R max ＝argmax{N(i)}；
where azgmax represents an index when N (i) is output to be the maximum value;
the columns corresponding to the elements larger than the threshold value theta in the row with the largest statistics number are:
C above ＝{j|B[R max ，j]＞θ}；
statistics are at C above The total number in the column greater than the threshold θ and find the maximum:
wherein N is total For matrix B in column C above The total number of elements larger than the threshold value theta, R is N total The ratio of the total elements in the matrix B;
setting a threshold value u, wherein the value range of u is between 0.75 and 0.99;
if R is less than u, outputting the unworn state and skipping the subsequent calculation;
if R is more than or equal to u, judging the wearing state and the scene of the tissue oxygen probe through calculation:
find at matrix B at C above Maximum value of elements in a column that are greater than the threshold θ and that are not on a diagonalPosition i of (2) max ，j max The calculation formula is as follows:
argmax2 represents an index when outputting a value calculated in brackets thereof to be maximum, i max ，j max Respectively the row and column of matrix B where the maximum value is located, while i max ，j max Also corresponding to two columns in matrix a;
the wearing state has the following calculation formula:
and finally judging the worn and unworn states of the tissue oxygen probe through the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the wearing state is judged by collecting the original signals of the tissue oxygen probes 735nm, 810nm and 850nm under the condition of not depending on pulse waves, the complete pulse wave is not required to be collected, the immediate output result can be achieved, the output wearing state delay is only related to communication delay, and the delay of falling off alarm can be reduced to the greatest extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting the wearing state of an oxygen probe according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tissue oxygen probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the absorption coefficient of water according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The application discloses a method for detecting the wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring an original signal, and acquiring a near-end signal and a far-end signal through a tissue oxygen probe;
as shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the tissue oxygen probe includes a light source, a proximal photodetector and a distal photodetector that are in a same line, the light source emitting light of 3 wavelengths in a continuous wave manner, the wavelengths being: lambda (lambda) 1 ＝735nm、λ 2 ＝810nm、λ 3 ＝850nm。
The signal acquisition is carried out by a continuous wave mode, and the calculation formula of the signal length is as follows:
L＝t*fs；
wherein L is the signal length and represents the array size of a group of signals when the computer stores data, t is the time length of collecting the signals, the range value is 0.01 seconds-0.5 seconds, fs is the sampling rate, the range value is 50-300HZ, and proper t and fs are selected to enable L to be a positive integer and L to be more than or equal to 8. The method and the device calculate the output result in real time, do not need historical data, and collect and calculate once. For example, the duration of the collected signals is 0.1 second, and then the collection is completed once every 0.1 second and the calculation result is output.
The acquired near-end signals are:
the acquired far-end signals are:
wherein lambda is 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 Three wavelengths of three near infrared light emitted by the light source; superscript d represents that the signal is dark current; subscript near represents that the signal is from the near end; subscript far represents that the signal is coming from the far end; the value of n is 1,2, 3.
The absorption coefficients of water for different wavelengths are different, and the absorption coefficient of water for 850nm wavelength light is shown in fig. 3 because the water components in human tissue are larger than 810 nm.
When light passes through tissue to reach the proximal or distal detector, the body tissue absorbs the light, and the distal detector detects a much weaker signal than the proximal detector due to the longer path that the distal detector passes through than the proximal. The dark current is the magnitude of the value detected by the photodetector due to the non-probe light source such as ambient light and circuit background noise when the analog front-end chip is turned off for all wavelengths. The signal at both the near and far ends, minus the dark current, represents the normal magnitude of this wavelength of light. Because the light source of different wavelength light may have different light emission sizes, in order to compensate the difference and calculate the ratio value of the far end and the near end, the absorption of water to 850nm wavelength light in human tissue is larger than 810nm, so that the ratio value of the two wavelengths is larger than 850nm under the condition of normal wearing, and the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe can be accurately judged by judging the ratio value of the two wavelengths.
S2, acquiring a near infrared light signal, subtracting the ambient light interference from the original signal to obtain the near infrared light signal, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,for near infrared light signals after subtracting ambient light, they are present in the form of arrays in a computer.
S3, signal preprocessing, wherein the ambient light can be any light source such as electronic screen light, lamplight, sunlight and the like, the frequency and the intensity of the ambient light are various, and dark current can be larger than or equal to a near-end signal or a far-end signal, and the condition is characterized in that the condition that the near-end signal or the far-end signal is smaller than or equal to 0 after the ambient light interference is subtracted. Since there is a possibility that 0 exists, it may result in a case where the denominator is 0 in the subsequent calculation, this part of the "unworn" state is first identified and output so as not to affect the subsequent calculation.
Identifying and processing the condition that the ambient light interference is less than or equal to 0:
when (when)And stopping the subsequent calculation step when any point in any signal in the 6 groups of signals is less than or equal to 0, immediately outputting the state as 'unworn', and otherwise, performing subsequent calculation step.
S4, calculating an energy ratio of the preprocessed signals, judging the energy ratio by using a threshold value, and outputting an unworn state when the energy ratio is smaller than or equal to the threshold value;
the energy ratio is calculated as:
wherein,for the ratio of the energies, threshold_value is chosen in the range 1.2-5.5, when +.>If the value is less than or equal to the threshold_value, stopping the subsequent calculation step, immediately outputting the state as 'unworn', otherwise, performing subsequent calculation.
S5, stacking the preprocessed signals into a matrix, and calculating to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix of the matrix;
in general, water and hemoglobin in the measured human tissue do not change drastically in a very short time (0.01 to 0.5 seconds), and an external interference light source exists for both the case of drastic change and the case of no drastic change, and identification is performed for these features to increase identification accuracy.
Signal is sent toStacked into a matrix a of 6*n, where each row corresponds to a signal:
wherein matrix a represents one sample per column;
calculating correlation coefficients according to all samples in the matrix A to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix B, and obtaining elements B of the matrix B i,j The pearson correlation coefficient between the ith column and the jth column samples in the matrix a is represented by the following calculation formula:
wherein,is the mean value of the ith column of matrix A; />Is the mean of the j-th column of matrix a.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in table 1, the parameters fs=100 hz, t=0.08 s, l=8, the tissue oxygen probe belongs to the "worn" condition with little disturbance of the signal, the values of matrix B:
table 1: values of matrix B when tissue oxygen probe belongs to 'worn' state
| 1.0 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 1.0 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.0 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.0 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.0 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.0 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.0 | 0.999 |
| 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.0 |
In another specific embodiment, as shown in table 2, the parameters fs=100 hz, t=0.08 s, l=8, the tissue oxygen probe belongs to the "unworn" condition and the signal is more strongly disturbed, the values of matrix B:
table 2: values of matrix B when tissue oxygen probe is in "unworn" state
S6, calculating and analyzing the correlation coefficient matrix, and finally judging the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe:
setting all elements of a diagonal line in the matrix B as 0, setting a threshold value theta, wherein the value range of the theta is between 0.98 and 1, and then calculating the number of elements of each row in the matrix B larger than the threshold value theta:
wherein N (i) is the number greater than the threshold value theta in the ith row, and B [ i, j ] is the element in the ith row and the jth column in the matrix B;
find rows that possess at most more than the threshold θ element:
R max ＝argmax{N(i)}；
where azgmax represents an index when N (i) is output to be the maximum value;
the columns corresponding to the elements larger than the threshold value theta in the row with the largest statistics number are:
C above ＝{j|B[R max ，j]＞θ}；
statistics are at C above The total number in the column greater than the threshold θ and find the maximum:
wherein N is total For matrix B in column C above The total number of elements larger than the threshold value theta, R is N total The ratio of the total elements in the matrix B;
setting a threshold value u, wherein the value range of u is between 0.75 and 0.99;
because water and hemoglobin in human tissues cannot be changed drastically in a very short time, when the original signal is changed drastically due to external interference, if R is less than u, the unworn state is output and the subsequent calculation is skipped;
if R.gtoreq.u, there may be two states: firstly, the tissue oxygen probe belongs to a wearing state, secondly, the tissue oxygen probe belongs to an unworn state under the interference of light sources which are not changed severely and have weak amplitude such as sunlight, direct current electric lamps, stable fire light and the like, and because the main component in human tissues is water, the optical principles of different wavelength absorption coefficients are required to be judged according to the water.
Find at matrix B at C above The position i of the maximum value in the column that is greater than the threshold value θ and that is not on the diagonal max ，j max The calculation is as follows:
argmax2 represents an index when outputting a value calculated in brackets thereof to be maximum, i max ，j max Respectively the row and column of matrix B where the maximum value is located, while i max ，j max Also corresponding to two columns in matrix a;
the wearing state has the following calculation formula:
and finally judging the worn and unworn states of the tissue oxygen probe through the method.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The method for detecting the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring an original signal, and acquiring a near-end signal and a far-end signal through a tissue oxygen probe;
s2, acquiring a near infrared light signal, and subtracting the ambient light interference from the original signal to obtain the near infrared light signal;
s3, signal preprocessing, namely, carrying out recognition processing on the condition that the ambient light interference is less than or equal to 0 and outputting an unworn state so as not to influence subsequent calculation;
s4, calculating an energy ratio of the preprocessed signals, judging the energy ratio by using a threshold value, and outputting an unworn state when the energy ratio is smaller than or equal to the threshold value;
s5, stacking the preprocessed signals into a matrix, and calculating to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix of the matrix;
and S6, calculating and analyzing the correlation coefficient matrix, and finally judging the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe.
2. The method for detecting the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe according to claim 1, wherein the tissue oxygen probe comprises a light source, a near-end photoelectric detector and a far-end photoelectric detector which are positioned on the same straight line, and the light source emits light with 3 wavelengths in a continuous wave mode, wherein the wavelengths are respectively: lambda (lambda) 1 ＝735nm、λ 2 ＝810nm、λ 3 ＝850nm。
3. The method for detecting the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe according to claim 2, wherein the signal acquisition is performed by a continuous wave mode, and the calculation formula of the signal length is as follows:
L＝t*fs；
wherein L is the signal length, and simultaneously represents the array size of a group of signals when the computer stores data, t is the time length of collecting the signals, the range value is 0.01 seconds-0.5 seconds, fs is the sampling rate, and the range value is 50-300HZ.
4. The method for detecting a wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the acquired near-end signal is:
the acquired far-end signals are:
wherein lambda is 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 Three wavelengths of three near infrared light emitted by the light source; superscript d represents that the signal is dark current; subscript near represents that the signal is from the near end; subscript far represents that the signal is coming from the far end; n has a value of 1,2,3, …, L-1, L.
5. The method for detecting a wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the near infrared light signal in S2 is:
wherein,for near infrared light signals after subtracting ambient light, they are present in the form of arrays in a computer.
6. The method for detecting the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe according to claim 5, wherein the specific method for preprocessing the S3 signal is as follows:
when (when)And stopping the subsequent calculation step when any point in any signal in the group signal is less than or equal to 0, outputting the state as 'unworn' immediately, and otherwise, performing subsequent calculation.
7. The method for detecting a wearing state of a tissue oxygen probe according to claim 5, wherein the calculation formula of the energy ratio in S4 is:
wherein,the threshold value is selected to be in the range of 1.2-5.5 for the ratio of energy, whenIf the value is less than or equal to the threshold_value, stopping the subsequent calculation step, immediately outputting the state as 'unworn', otherwise, performing subsequent calculation.
8. The method for detecting the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe according to claim 7, wherein the calculating method of S5 is as follows:
signal is sent toStacked into a matrix a of 6*n, where each row corresponds to a signal:
wherein matrix a represents one sample per column;
calculating correlation coefficients according to all samples in the matrix A to obtain a correlation coefficient matrix B, and obtaining elements B of the matrix B i,j The pearson correlation coefficient between the ith column and the jth column samples in the matrix a is represented by the following calculation formula:
wherein,is the mean value of the ith column of matrix A; />Is the mean of the j-th column of matrix a.
9. The method for detecting the wearing state of the tissue oxygen probe according to claim 8, wherein the method for judging the wearing state of S6 is as follows:
setting all elements of a diagonal line in the matrix B as 0, setting a threshold value theta, wherein the value range of the theta is between 0.98 and 1, and then calculating the number of elements of each row in the matrix B larger than the threshold value theta:
wherein N (i) is the number greater than the threshold value theta in the ith row, and B [ i, j ] is the element in the ith row and the jth column in the matrix B;
find rows that possess at most more than the threshold θ element:
R max ＝argmax{N(i)}；
where azgmax represents an index when N (i) is output to be the maximum value;
the columns corresponding to the elements larger than the threshold value theta in the row with the largest statistics number are:
C above ＝{j∣B[R max ,j]>θ}；
statistics are at C above The total number in the column greater than the threshold θ and find the maximum:
wherein N is total For matrix B in column C above The total number of elements larger than the threshold value theta, R is N total In matrix B totalThe ratio of the number of elements;
setting a threshold value u, wherein the value range of u is between 0.75 and 0.99;
if R < u, outputting the unworn state and skipping the subsequent calculation;
if R is more than or equal to u, judging the wearing state and the scene of the tissue oxygen probe through calculation:
find at matrix B at C above The position i of the maximum value in the column that is greater than the threshold value θ and that is not on the diagonal max ，j max The calculation formula is as follows:
argmax2 represents an index when outputting a value calculated in brackets thereof to be maximum, i max ，j max Respectively the row and column of matrix B where the maximum value is located, while i max ，j max Also corresponding to two columns in matrix a;
the wearing state has the following calculation formula:
and finally judging the worn and unworn states of the tissue oxygen probe through the method.
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