CN117607940A - High-purity germanium detector - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a high-purity germanium detector, which comprises a shell, a detector body, cold fingers and a supporting piece. The shell comprises a body and a base. The bottom of body is opened, and the base sets up in the bottom of body to prescribe a limit to accommodation space jointly with the body. The base is provided with a via hole penetrating through the base. The detector body is arranged in the accommodating space. One end of the cold finger is connected with the detector body, and the other end of the cold finger extends out of the accommodating space through the hole and is used for refrigerating the detector body. The support piece is located in the accommodating space and arranged on the base. The support member is provided with a positioning hole penetrating the support member. The cold finger is arranged in the positioning hole in a penetrating way so as to position the cold finger. Wherein the support comprises glass fibers. According to the high-purity germanium detector, the supporting piece comprises glass fibers, so that the supporting piece has high strength and high vibration resistance, and meanwhile, the condition that cold energy is transmitted to parts on the periphery of the high-purity germanium detector by the supporting piece is improved, and therefore the overall refrigeration efficiency is improved.

Description

High-purity germanium detector

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a high-purity germanium detector.

Background

High purity germanium detectors generally need to have good temperature conductivity because they need to operate in a low temperature environment of liquid nitrogen (about 77K). Under normal conditions, one end of the cold finger is inserted into the liquid nitrogen barrel to play a role of a cold source, and the other end of the cold finger is connected with the detector body to play a role of refrigerating the high-purity germanium crystal.

In the related art, in the use process of the high-purity germanium detector, the cold finger may generate micro tremble or shake, so that the stability of an output signal of the high-purity germanium detector can be reduced, and the normal operation of the high-purity germanium detector is further affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a high purity germanium detector that can improve the stability of the cold finger connection structure, and also can improve the stability of the output signal.

To achieve the above object, embodiments of the present application provide a high purity germanium detector, including:

the shell comprises a body and a base, wherein the bottom of the body is open, the base is arranged at the bottom of the body and forms an accommodating space together with the body, and the base is provided with a through hole penetrating through the base;

the detector body is arranged in the accommodating space;

one end of the cold finger is connected with the detector body, and the other end of the cold finger extends out of the accommodating space through the through hole and is used for refrigerating the detector body;

the support piece is positioned in the accommodating space and arranged on the base, the support piece is provided with a positioning hole penetrating through the support piece, the cold finger penetrates through the positioning hole to position the cold finger, and the aperture of the positioning block is smaller than that of the through hole;

wherein the support comprises glass fibers.

In some embodiments, the high-purity germanium detector further includes a housing having a cavity, the housing and the base are hermetically connected to one side facing away from the accommodating space, the cavity is in communication with the via hole, and the cold finger is disposed through the cavity, and one end of the cold finger, which is far away from the detector body, extends out of the housing.

In some embodiments, an end of the housing remote from the base is welded to the cold finger to provide a sealing engagement between the housing and the cold finger.

In some embodiments, the housing is stainless steel.

In some embodiments, the support is securely connected to the base.

In some embodiments, the support member includes a support body and a connection portion connected to the support body, the support body is provided with the positioning hole, and the connection portion is connected to the base.

In some embodiments, the number of the connecting portions is three, and the three connecting portions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the support body.

In some embodiments, the support member is provided with a relief hole penetrating through the support member, and the accommodating space is communicated with the cavity through the relief hole.

In some embodiments, the number of the avoidance holes is multiple, and each avoidance hole is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the positioning hole.

In some embodiments, the cold finger is a copper bar.

In some embodiments, the probe body comprises:

the detector comprises a detector shell with an installation space, wherein the detector shell is arranged in the accommodating space, and the side wall of the detector shell is arranged at intervals with the side wall of the accommodating space;

and the high-purity germanium crystal is arranged in the installation space.

The embodiment of the application provides a high-purity germanium detector which comprises a shell, a detector body, cold fingers and a supporting piece. The shell is provided with an accommodating space, the detector body is arranged in the accommodating space, the supporting piece is provided with a positioning hole penetrating through the supporting piece, and the cold finger penetrates through the positioning hole to position the cold finger. That is, through being provided with the locating hole that runs through support piece with support piece for to cold finger is fixed a position, can effectively support and maintain cold finger's stability, improves cold finger connection structure's stability, has reduced the influence of the detector body signal output stability that leads to because of cold finger rocks to a certain extent. In addition, the support piece comprises glass fiber, and the glass fiber has the characteristics of better structural strength, vibration resistance and low heat leakage (low heat conductivity), so that the support piece has high strength and high vibration resistance, and meanwhile, the condition that cold energy is transmitted to parts on the periphery of the high-purity germanium detector by the support piece is improved, and the overall refrigeration efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high purity germanium detector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of the high purity germanium detector shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a support member according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of the reference numerals

1. A housing; 1a, an accommodating space; 11. a body; 12. a base; 12a, vias; 2. a detector body; 3. cold finger; 4. a support; 4a, a supporting body; 4b, a connecting part; 4c, positioning holes; 4d, avoiding holes; 5. a housing; 5a, cavity.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other, and the detailed description in the specific embodiments should be interpreted as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as undue limitation to the present application.

The directional terms in the description of the present application are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom" orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in fig. 1, and the "axial" is based on the top-bottom orientation shown in fig. 1, and it should be understood that these orientation terms are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment of the present application provides a high purity germanium detector, which includes a housing 1, a detector body 211, a cold finger 3, and a support 4. The housing 1 includes a body 11 and a base 12. The bottom of the body 11 is open, and the base 12 is disposed at the bottom of the body 11 and defines the accommodating space 1a together with the body 11. The base 12 is provided with a via 12a penetrating the base 12. The probe body 211 is disposed in the accommodation space 1a. One end of the cold finger 3 is connected with the detector body 211, and the other end extends out of the accommodating space 1a through the hole 12a for refrigerating the detector body 211. The support 4 is located in the accommodation space 1a and is provided on the base 12. The support 4 is provided with a positioning hole 4c penetrating the support 4. The cold finger 3 is arranged through the positioning hole 4c in a penetrating way so as to position the cold finger 3. Wherein the aperture of the positioning block is smaller than the aperture of the via hole 12a. Wherein the support 4 comprises glass fibers.

It should be noted that the specific manner in which the cold finger 3 is used to cool the probe body 211 is not limited herein, and in an exemplary embodiment, one end of the cold finger 3 is connected to the probe body 211, and the other end extends into the liquid nitrogen to function as a cold source. In other embodiments, the cold finger 3 utilizes electric refrigeration, and the dependence of the high-purity germanium detector on liquid nitrogen is eliminated through a refrigeration system of electric refrigeration.

It can be understood that referring to fig. 3, the housing 1 defines an accommodating space 1a, the probe body 211 is disposed in the accommodating space 1a, and the housing 1 plays a role in protecting the probe body 211.

Specifically, the housing 1 includes a body 11 and a base 12, the bottom of the body 11 is open, and the base 12 is disposed at the bottom of the body 11 and defines the accommodating space 1a together with the body 11. The probe body 211 may be disposed in the receiving space 1a through an opening of the bottom of the body 11.

One end of the cold finger 3 is connected with the detector body 211, and the other end extends out of the accommodating space 1a through the hole 12a, so as to refrigerate the detector body 211, that is, a part of the cold finger 3 extends into the accommodating space 1a, so as to be connected with the detector body 211, and the other part is located outside the accommodating space 1a.

Glass fiber (Fiberglass) is an inorganic nonmetallic material with excellent performance, and has various kinds, and the advantages of good insulativity, strong heat resistance, good corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength.

In the related art, the high-purity germanium detector needs to work normally in a low-temperature environment of liquid nitrogen (about 77K), so the high-purity germanium detector generally needs to have better temperature conductivity. In general, by arranging the cold finger 3 with good temperature conduction characteristic, one end of the cold finger 3 is inserted into the liquid nitrogen barrel to play a role of a cold source, and the other end of the cold finger 3 is connected with the high-purity germanium crystal. The bottom of the cold finger 3 and the shell 5 are kept fixed in an upper and lower position in a welding mode, at the moment, the cold finger 3 is in a cantilever state, the stress level at the welding line at the bottom of the cold finger 3 is higher, when external impact or vibration is born, if the welding line strength is insufficient, cracks and even breaks are easy to occur, the refrigeration performance is reduced, and even normal operation cannot be realized finally.

The high-purity germanium detector provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a shell 1, a detector body 211, a cold finger 3 and a supporting piece 4. The housing 1 has an accommodating space 1a, the probe body 211 is disposed in the accommodating space 1a, the supporting member 4 is provided with a positioning hole 4c penetrating the supporting member 4, and the cold finger 3 is penetrated through the positioning hole 4c to position the cold finger 3. That is, by arranging the supporting member 4 with the positioning hole 4c penetrating the supporting member 4 for positioning the cold finger 3, the stability of the cold finger 3 can be effectively supported and maintained, the stability of the connecting structure of the cold finger 3 is improved, and the influence of the signal output stability of the detector body 211 caused by the shaking of the cold finger 3 is reduced to a certain extent.

In the related art, the cold finger 3 may be supported and fixed by using the supporting member 4 made of metal or polytetrafluoroethylene material, but the cooling efficiency of the detector is low due to too large heat leakage.

And the high-purity germanium detector that this application embodiment provided, support piece 4 include glass fiber, and glass fiber has better structural strength, vibration resistance and low heat leak (low thermal conductivity) characteristic, from this for support piece 4 has high strength, high vibration resistance, improves the condition that the cold volume is transmitted to the spare part of high-purity germanium detector week side by support piece 4, thereby has promoted holistic refrigeration efficiency.

Note that, the cold finger 3 may be flexibly connected to the probe body 211, and by flexibly connecting the cold finger 3 to the probe body 211, the transmission of the vibration of the cold finger 3 to the probe body 211 may be reduced.

Opposite to the flexible connection is a rigid connection, which means between two connection members, when one connection member is displaced or stressed, the other connection member is not displaced or deformed relative to the first connection member. That is, the two connectors are connected as a single body. By flexible connection is meant that the two connecting elements being connected to each other are allowed to displace or deform without limiting the deformation in a certain way, i.e. allowing deformation to occur or we want to be able to deform. Taking the high-purity germanium detector of the embodiment of the application as an example, by flexibly connecting the cold finger 3 with the detector body 211, when the cold finger 3 generates micro tremble and generates micro displacement, the vibration of the cold finger 3 can be reduced to be transmitted to the detector body 211 to a certain extent.

In the related art, one end of the cold finger 3 is inserted into the liquid nitrogen barrel to play a role of a cold source, the other end of the cold finger 3 is connected with the high-purity germanium crystal in a rigid connection manner, so as to play a role of refrigerating the high-purity germanium crystal, for example, the cold finger is directly connected with the detector body 211 through a metal block or a metal rod, in a high-purity germanium spectrometer refrigerating system, liquid nitrogen bubbles vibrate, tremble noise can be generated by the high-purity germanium detector and a lead wire, and other unavoidable external factors cause tiny tremble of the high-purity germanium detector, so that stability of an output signal of the high-purity germanium detector can be reduced, and further energy resolution is deteriorated.

By flexibly connecting the cold finger 3 with the detector body 211, the vibration of the cold finger 3 can be reduced and transmitted to the detector body 211, and the influence of external factors on the signal output stability of the detector body 211 is reduced to a certain extent.

It should be noted that the specific manner of flexibly connecting the cold finger 3 and the detector body 211 is not limited herein, and the high-purity germanium detector includes a flexible connection member connected to the cold finger 3, and the cold finger 3 and the detector body 211 can exchange heat through the flexible connection member. That is, the cold finger 3 is connected with the probe body 211 through the flexible connection member, so that the cold finger 3 is flexibly connected with the probe body 211. When the cold finger 3 undergoes a minute tremble and undergoes a minute displacement, the flexible connection member can reduce or eliminate the shock transmitted to the probe body 211.

The specific configuration of the flexible connector is not limited herein and illustratively the flexible connector includes a plurality of wires, such as a wire cluster comprised of a plurality of thin and flexible wires. Of course, the flexible connection unit may be other flexible structures having heat conducting properties.

In one embodiment, the flexible connector includes a plurality of copper wires, such as a copper wire cluster formed by a plurality of thin and soft copper wires, which has better heat conductivity and can have better refrigerating effect on the detector body 211.

It should be noted that the manner in which the copper wire clusters are connected to the probe body 211 is not limited herein, and in an exemplary embodiment, the copper wire clusters are fastened to the probe body 211. In other embodiments, the copper wire clusters may also be welded to the probe body 211.

It can be appreciated that the probe body 211 is connected with the cold finger 3 in a flexible structure chain manner, that is, the high-purity germanium crystal and the cold finger 3 are subjected to cold conduction through a copper wire flexible structure chain (flexible connection).

It should be noted that, the cold finger 3 is generally made of a material with better thermal conductivity, which is beneficial to realizing refrigeration of the detector body 211, and in an exemplary embodiment, the cold finger 3 is a copper rod.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2-4, the high purity germanium detector further includes a housing 5 having a cavity 5 a. The housing 5 is connected to the base 12 in a sealing manner on the side facing away from the receiving space 1a. The cavity 5a is communicated with the through hole 12a, and the cold finger 3 penetrates through the cavity 5a and extends out of the shell 5 from one end of the detector body 211.

That is, by providing the housing 5, the cold finger 3 is protected.

In order to improve the service life of the cold finger 3 and the refrigerating effect on the detector body 211, the housing 5 is generally made of a material with good thermal conductivity and certain strength, which is favorable for realizing the refrigeration on the detector body 211 and can protect the cold finger 3, and in an embodiment, the housing 5 is made of stainless steel. On one hand, stainless steel has better heat conducting property and higher strength. On the other hand, stainless steel has a density smaller than that of copper, so that the weight of the high-purity germanium detector can be reduced to a certain extent, and the convenience in use of the high-purity germanium detector can be improved.

Illustratively, in one embodiment, the end of the housing 5 remote from the base 12 is welded to the cold finger 3 such that the housing 5 sealingly engages the cold finger 3.

In order to further improve the refrigerating efficiency of the cold finger 3, one end of the casing 5 far away from the base 12 is welded with the cold finger 3, so that the casing 5 is in sealing fit with the cold finger 3, and a vacuum cavity 5a is formed between the cold finger 3 and the casing 5, and thus the refrigerating efficiency of the cold finger 3 can be improved. For example, the cold finger 3 is composed of a copper bar, the shell 5 is made of stainless steel, namely, the outer layer of the copper bar is wrapped by the stainless steel, and the copper bar and the stainless steel are vacuumized, so that the refrigerating efficiency is improved.

In one embodiment, the detector body 211 includes a detector housing 5 and a high-purity germanium crystal, the detector housing 5 is disposed in the accommodating space 1a, and a side wall of the detector housing 5 is disposed at a distance from a side wall of the accommodating space 1a and is fastened. That is, by disposing the detector housing 5 in the accommodation space 1a, the detector body 211 is protected, and the detection effect can be improved to some extent. In addition, the outer side wall of the detector housing 5 is disposed at a distance from the side wall of the accommodating space 1a and is fastened to form a suspension structure, so that the vibration of the housing 1 is further reduced from being transmitted to the detector body 211, i.e., the influence of external factors on the detector body 211 is reduced.

The side wall of the detector housing 5 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the accommodating space 1a, that is, the side wall of the detector housing 5 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the shell 1, and the connection structure is simple and convenient to disassemble and assemble.

The detector housing 5 has an installation space, and the high-purity germanium crystal is arranged in the installation space, so that the high-purity germanium crystal is protected by being arranged in the detector housing 5, and the service life of the high-purity germanium detector is prolonged.

It should be noted that the connection manner between the support member 4 and the base 12 is not limited herein, and the support member 4 is illustratively fastened to the base 12. The connecting mode is simple, reliable and stable. The reliability of the connection between the support 4 and the base 12 can be improved while the mounting efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 to 5, the support 4 includes a support body 4a11 and a connection portion 4b connected to the support body 4a 11. The support body 4a11 is provided with a positioning hole 4c, and the connection portion 4b is connected to the base 12.

The support body 4a11 is provided with a positioning hole 4c, and the cold finger 3 is arranged in the positioning hole 4c in a penetrating manner so as to position the cold finger 3, and the stability of the cold finger 3 can be effectively supported and maintained.

The connection portion 4b is connected to the base 12, and in the embodiment in which the connection portion 4b is connected to the base 12 by fastening, fastening holes are provided in the connection portion 4b.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 to 5, the number of the connection portions 4b is three. The three connecting portions 4b are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the support body 4a 11. By setting the number of the connecting portions 4b to three, and setting the three connecting portions 4b at intervals along the circumferential direction of the support body 4a11, a triangular positioning structure is formed, and the connection reliability between the support 4 and the base 12 is improved.

Specifically, the support 4 is fixed to the underlying base 12 by three screw holes.

Of course, the number of the connecting portions 4b may be plural.

The plurality of the embodiments of the present application refer to the number for two or more.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3-5, the support 4 is provided with relief holes 4d through the support 4. The accommodating space 1a is communicated with the cavity 5a through the avoidance hole 4d.

The support piece 4 is provided with the hole 4d of dodging that runs through support piece 4, namely sets up support piece 4 to hollow out construction, through dodging hole 4d intercommunication between accommodation space 1a and the cavity 5a, is favorable to the evacuation, and can reduce the influence to the air velocity of flow when high-purity germanium detector evacuation to a certain extent.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the number of the avoidance holes 4d is plural, and the avoidance holes 4d are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the positioning hole 4c. That is, the escape hole 4d is formed annularly around the circumferential side of the positioning hole 4c.

Therefore, the plurality of avoidance holes 4d are beneficial to uniformity of airflow flowing, and influence on air flow rate when the high-purity germanium detector is vacuumized is further reduced.

The embodiment of the application provides a novel support piece 4 of cold finger 3 of high-purity germanium detector, it adopts glass fiber and similar glass fiber's material, has ultralow thermal conductivity, high tensile strength and fatigue resistance, can strengthen cold finger 3 and the stability of structure between the detector body 211, reduces the extra heat leakage that the detector body 211 brought, effectively improves the holistic refrigeration efficiency of high-purity germanium detector. The support piece 4 is internally provided with a hollow structure, so that the influence on the air flow rate when the high-purity germanium detector is vacuumized can be reduced to a certain extent.

In the description of the present application, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in yet other embodiments," or "exemplary" etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this application, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments or examples described herein, as well as the features of the various embodiments or examples, may be combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

The various embodiments/implementations provided herein may be combined with one another without conflict.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A high purity germanium detector, comprising:

the shell comprises a body and a base, wherein the bottom of the body is open, the base is arranged at the bottom of the body and forms an accommodating space together with the body, and the base is provided with a through hole penetrating through the base;

the detector body is arranged in the accommodating space;

one end of the cold finger is connected with the detector body, and the other end of the cold finger extends out of the accommodating space through the through hole and is used for refrigerating the detector body;

the support piece is positioned in the accommodating space and arranged on the base, the support piece is provided with a positioning hole penetrating through the support piece, the cold finger penetrates through the positioning hole to position the cold finger, and the aperture of the positioning block is smaller than that of the through hole;

wherein the support comprises glass fibers.

2. The high purity germanium detector of claim 1 further comprising a housing having a cavity, the housing being sealingly connected to a side of the base facing away from the receiving space, the cavity being in communication with the via, the cold finger passing through the cavity and extending beyond the housing at an end remote from the detector body.

3. The high purity germanium detector of claim 2 wherein an end of said housing remote from said base is welded to said cold finger to provide a sealing engagement between said housing and said cold finger; and/or the shell is stainless steel.

4. The high purity germanium detector of claim 1 wherein the support is securely connected to the base.

5. The high purity germanium detector of any of claims 1-4, wherein the support comprises a support body and a connection portion connected to the support body, the support body being provided with the locating hole, the connection portion being connected to the base.

6. The high purity germanium detector of claim 5 wherein the number of said connection portions is three, and wherein three of said connection portions are spaced apart along the circumference of said support body.

7. The high purity germanium detector of claim 2 wherein the support member is provided with a relief hole therethrough, the receiving space being in communication with the cavity through the relief hole.

8. The high purity germanium detector of claim 7 wherein the number of said relief holes is a plurality, each of said relief holes being circumferentially spaced along said locating hole.

9. The high purity germanium detector of any of claims 1-4, wherein the cold finger is a copper bar.

10. The high purity germanium detector of any of claims 1-4, wherein the detector body comprises:

the detector comprises a detector shell with an installation space, wherein the detector shell is arranged in the accommodating space, and the side wall of the detector shell is arranged at intervals with the side wall of the accommodating space;

and the high-purity germanium crystal is arranged in the installation space.