CN117607210A - Distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method and system. The distributed node design enables the arrangement of the emission and observation points to be more flexible, can flexibly realize various observation modes according to task demands, and greatly improves the applicability to monitoring sites and monitoring tasks. And visual resistivity information and natural electric field information can be obtained by simultaneous observation, and the method can be suitable for monitoring application scenes of underground water investigation and underground pollutant activities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method and system.
Background
With the continuous development of society, environmental pollution has become a serious global challenge, and has a wide and profound effect on human health and ecosystems. Therefore, monitoring and control of environmental pollution becomes critical. Only through continuous monitoring and scientific analysis, the position of the pollution source and the diffusion trend and influence thereof can be known in more detail, so that more effective treatment schemes and measures are formulated to relieve the environmental pressure.
Geophysical electrical prospecting is widely used in the field of geological and environmental research, and the basic principle of this technique is to deploy electrodes on the earth's surface, to evaluate the distribution of electrical media in a subsurface space by injecting current into the subsurface and then measuring the potential difference generated at the surface. At present, the exploration is usually carried out by adopting an active source conventional electric method or a high-density electric method, the working time of the active source direct current method is short, the long-term monitoring of the potential in the same area is a great difficulty, and most of observation modes all need to manually move a measuring electrode, so that the potential data of all measuring points cannot be monitored simultaneously; although the high-density electrical method can observe data of a plurality of points at the same time and does not need to manually move a measuring electrode, an observation system of the high-density electrical method needs to be provided with a large number of wires, so that the observation range of the method is smaller, and a large-range long-term potential monitoring task cannot be born. Meanwhile, the volume of the instrument is increased due to the dense wiring, and the reliability and convenience of the instrument are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method and a distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring system, which are used for solving the problem that the conventional observation systems are designed for single observation and are not suitable for long-term monitoring.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a distributed dipole-dipole electrical method of monitoring, comprising:
n distributed nodes are distributed, each distributed node comprises a node main body, a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged on two sides of the node main body, the node main body comprises a current source, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is determined according to the requirements of monitoring tasks, and the working modes of the N distributed nodes comprise direct current resistivity method measurement and natural potential monitoring;
in a working mode of direct current resistivity measurement, controlling a first electrode and a second electrode of any one node in N distributed nodes to serve as transmitting electrodes, measuring the first electrodes and the second electrodes of other nodes in the N distributed nodes to obtain potential differences, and calculating apparent resistivity according to the potential differences;
and in a natural potential monitoring working mode, controlling a first electrode and a second electrode in the N distributed nodes to serve as measuring electrodes for monitoring to obtain potential differences.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a distributed dipole-dipole electrical monitoring system comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the method of the first aspect described above when the computer program is executed.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method provided by the invention, the transmitting and measuring nodes are designed in a distributed mode, the deployment of the observation points is more flexible, the observation range is greatly increased because the observation points are not limited by the length of the lead, a plurality of dipole-dipole observation potential differences can be measured at the same time by one-time power supply, the distributed nodes avoid the pole running work in the traditional exploration work, and the data acquisition efficiency is obviously improved. In addition, each node can work in a transmitting or measuring mode, so that various observation modes can be flexibly realized according to task demands, and the applicability to monitoring sites and monitoring tasks is greatly improved. And visual resistivity information and natural electric field information can be obtained by simultaneous observation, so that the method is suitable for underground water investigation and monitoring application scenes of underground pollutant activities.
In a further technical scheme, through two working modes, the power supply can be actively carried out on the underground to realize dipole-dipole sounding of a direct-current resistivity method, long-term monitoring of the surface natural potential signal can also be realized, and the method is more suitable for environmental monitoring tasks.
In a further technical scheme, a plurality of measuring nodes are arranged to work simultaneously, so that the apparent resistivity under a plurality of interval coefficients can be measured simultaneously by one-time power supply, the power supply times required by the traditional direct current method are obviously reduced, and the measuring efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a distributed dipole-dipole electrical method monitoring method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic measurement diagram of a dipole-dipole observation apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dipole-dipole device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in a survey line;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a distributed dipole-dipole observation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in a survey line;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional measurement of distributed nodes according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a layout of the experimental setup of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional, spatially pseudo-depth apparent resistivity result at 5 separation factors in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a contour plot of the apparent resistivity plane for a spacing factor of 1 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a plot of apparent resistivity of a major cross-section (y=0 m) of a low-resistance sphere corresponding to different spacing coefficients in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a contour plot of the apparent resistivity cross-section anomaly corresponding to FIG. 9.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made clearly and fully, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate a relative positional relationship, which changes accordingly when the absolute position of the object to be described changes.
It is understood that the method and the device can effectively reflect leakage points, crevice water and leakage channels possibly existing in buildings such as dykes and dams, tunnels and the like, and effectively early warn engineering quality problems and production potential safety hazards. The dynamic natural potential data obtained by long-term monitoring can accurately identify the natural potential abnormal characteristics and the migration direction existing in complex areas such as pollution plants, tailing ponds and the like, and is beneficial to reducing or preventing possible environmental disasters.
Referring to fig. 1, a distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method provided in the present application includes:
arranging N distributed nodes, wherein each distributed node comprises a node main body, a first electrode and a second electrode which are arranged on two sides of the node main body, the node main body comprises a current source, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is determined according to the requirement of a monitoring task, and the working modes of the N distributed nodes comprise direct current resistivity method measurement and natural potential monitoring;
in a working mode of direct current measurement, controlling a first electrode and a second electrode of any one node in the N distributed nodes to serve as transmitting electrodes, measuring the first electrodes and the second electrodes of other nodes in the N distributed nodes to obtain potentials, calculating potential differences according to the potentials, and determining apparent resistivity according to the potential differences;
and in a natural potential monitoring working mode, controlling the first electrode and the second electrode in the N distributed nodes to serve as measuring electrodes for monitoring, and obtaining potential difference.
The distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method can be applied to a distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring system, wherein the system consists of a plurality of distributed nodes, and each node can be controlled by a program to work in a transmitting mode or a measuring mode. The distributed node design enables the arrangement of the emission and observation points to be more flexible, can flexibly realize various observation modes according to task demands, and greatly improves the applicability to monitoring sites and monitoring tasks. And visual resistivity information and natural potential information can be obtained by simultaneous observation, and the method is suitable for monitoring application of groundwater investigation and underground pollutant activities.
When the method is realized, the transmitting and measuring nodes are designed in a distributed mode, the deployment of the observation points is more flexible, the observation range is greatly increased because the observation points are not limited by the length of the lead, a plurality of dipole-dipole observation potential differences can be measured at the same time by one-time power supply, the distributed nodes avoid the pole running work in the traditional exploration work, and the data acquisition efficiency is remarkably improved.
It should be understood that the distributed node first needs to be able to perform underground power supply and potential measurement, and the node body is internally provided with a current source and a potential measurement device. The node may need to operate in different environmental conditions, including humid or corrosive environments, so it needs to be made of waterproof and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure stability and reliability of the node portion, and adapt to the adaptability in different environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity and underground conditions. Specifically, in terms of waterproofing, a waterproof coating, a rubber seal, or the like may be provided; in terms of corrosion resistance, engineering plastics such as polyether ether ketone, polyimide and the like can be adopted.
The battery scheme of the node may be constituted by a rechargeable battery to ensure that the monitoring task is not interrupted during long-term monitoring. In the aspect of data storage and node control, in order to exert the advantages of distributed layout, the functional control of the nodes, including the initial control of node power supply and measurement states, the real-time storage of measurement data, data transmission and the like, are all completed in a wireless control mode.
In the following, for convenience of description, the first and second electrodes are electrode a and electrode B; alternatively, electrode M and electrode N are replaced.
Further, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic measurement diagram of a dipole-dipole observation device. The power supply electrode AB and the measuring electrode MN are separated by a distance using a dipole-dipole arrangement, and the four electrodes A, B, M, N are all on the same line. Dipole-dipole devices are generally knownIs taken as a recording point, the pseudo depth of the projection point is +.>Or->The potentials of the measurement electrodes M and N at this time are respectively:
in the method, in the process of the invention,represents the potential of the first electrode, ">Represents the potential of the second electrode, ">Representing resistivity, +.>The power supply current is represented by the magnitude, A represents a first electrode of a power supply node, B represents a second electrode of the power supply node, M represents a first electrode of a measurement node, and N representsA second electrode of the node is measured.
So the potential difference is:
at this time, apparent resistivity at the measurement pointThe expression of (2) is:
wherein, the device coefficient K is:
in the dipole-dipole measurement mode,if +.>And spacing coefficient->When positive, the device coefficients can be reduced to:
the dipole-dipole observation mode has the advantage of high horizontal resolution near the electrode A, B, M, N, but the device coefficient is the smallest in the direct current method observation mode, and the signal is measuredIntensity and spacing coefficient->Is inversely proportional to the third-order formulation of (c),since noise immunity is weak, the spacing coefficient is not too large for the same pole pitch a, and is usually controlled to be 6 or less.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a section measurement of a dipole-dipole device in a measuring line, assuming that the earth's surface has 9 electrodes at intervalsFor example, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, the inverted trapezoidal apparent resistivity profiles at 4 pseudo depths were measured. As shown in fig. 3, when the interval coefficient is 1, there are 6 potentials to be measured on the measuring lines, when the interval coefficient is 2, the number of measuring points is 5, when the interval coefficient is 3, the number of measuring points is 4, when the interval coefficient is 4, the number of measuring points is 3, and there are 18 measuring points in the cross section.
In actual measurement, the distance between power supply electrodes of the dipole-dipole device is usually kept unchanged, the detection depth is controlled by the interval coefficient, the apparent resistivity of a single measuring point can be measured only by supplying power to the transmitting electrode each time, and the underground apparent resistivity section can be obtained by continuously changing the interval coefficient and moving the power supply electrode and the measuring electrode for measurement. If only a certain point is subjected to sounding work, the coordinates of the measuring point are kept unchanged, and the transmitting electrode and the measuring electrode are respectively moved to two sides by the same distance so as to increase the measuring depth.
As shown in fig. 3, when the emitter A, B is located at points 1 and 2, and the measurement electrode M, N is located at points 3 and 4, respectively, the projected point of measured apparent resistivity is located at the first point of the first layer cross-hatching. Then 4 electrodes are required to move rightwards point by point simultaneously, and power supply measurement is continued to obtain an interval coefficientSection line when=1. And then increasing the interval coefficient, for example, placing the transmitting electrode at the points 1 and 2, placing the measuring electrode at the points 4 and 5, and supplying power at the moment to measure the apparent resistivity of the first to-be-measured point at the left side when the interval coefficient is 2, so as to obtain section lines at different to-be-measured depths, thereby completing the measurement of the subsurface apparent resistivity section. In this mode the emitter electrode needs to be individually powered 18 times and the measurement electrode needs to be moved 18 times in a total of 6 positions. The number of times of power supplyThe relationship between the electrodes and the spacing coefficient is shown in (7), wherein Q is the number of earth surface electrodes.
Conventional dipole-dipole observation:
referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a schematic measurement diagram of a distributed dipole-dipole observation system on a single line, where each independent node can be used as a power supply electrode, so that a mobile node is not required to change a measurement potential, and multiple measurement nodes can work simultaneously to realize apparent resistivity measurement under multiple interval coefficients in one power supply of a single node. For example, when the electrodes No. 1 and No. 2 are used as transmitting electrodes to supply power to the underground, the electrodes No. 3 and No. 4, no. 4 and No. 5, no. 5 and No. 6, no. 6 and No. 7 can be respectively used as four groups of measuring electrodes and simultaneously perform potential difference measurement, the interval coefficients corresponding to the electrodes are 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, and the apparent resistivity data of four different depths can be obtained by one power supply. Similarly, when the power supply node moves rightwards from the point position 1-2, 4, 3, 2 and 1 apparent resistivity data can be obtained respectively for each power supply. In the embodiment, the distributed node observation system does not need to move the transmitting electrode and the measuring electrode, and the multi-node simultaneous measurement ensures that the observation system can complete all measurement work of the main section by only supplying power for 6 times, thereby obviously reducing the power supply times of the transmitting electrode and avoiding the measurement electrode running.
Distributed dipole-dipole observation:
the synchronous work of the measuring nodes not only can measure the potential difference of the measuring lines of the emitter, but also can measure the potential difference of the side measuring lines, so that three-dimensional or quasi-three-dimensional potential difference measurement is completed, and the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of the underground electrical structure are considered, so that more comprehensive apparent resistivity data is obtained, and the underground medium information and the natural field source distribution are more accurately disclosed.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional measurement schematic diagram of a distributed node, wherein a solid line is a line where the distributed node is located, and a dotted line is a straight line where projection points of measurement electrodes of two side lines and the power supply electrode are located, and a dot on the dotted line is a projection of the projection point on the ground surface.
Assuming a spacing b between each measurement node, the corresponding dipole-dipole device coefficients when the measurement node is beside the supply node are:
；
where n is the number of intervals between the transmitting node and the measuring node in the x-direction, e.g., n=1 when A, B remains stationary, M, N moves to points 2 and 3.
In summary, the distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring system combines the characteristics of direct current resistivity method measurement and natural electric field monitoring, the traditional wired electrodes are replaced by distributed node arrangement, the distributed node design enables arrangement of emission and observation points to be more flexible, various observation modes can be flexibly realized according to task requirements, and applicability to monitoring sites and monitoring tasks is greatly improved. And visual resistivity information and natural electric field information can be obtained by simultaneous observation, so that the method is particularly suitable for groundwater investigation and monitoring of underground pollutant activities. The multiple measuring nodes work simultaneously, so that the apparent resistivity under a plurality of interval coefficients can be measured simultaneously by one-time power supply, the power supply times required by the traditional direct current method are obviously reduced, and the measuring efficiency is improved. Considering the space characteristics of the underground structure, when the nodes are powered, the nodes beside the measuring line can measure the quasi-three-dimensional apparent resistivity, so that more data are provided for explanation work, and the underground electrical structure is more comprehensively depicted.
The following describes the above method by taking a specific experiment as an example:
here, the theoretical measurement result when a low-resistance sphere exists in the point source current field is shown, the underground background resistivity is set to be 1, the resistivity of the sphere is set to be 0.05, the radius of the sphere is set to be 1m, the distance between the sphere center and the ground surface is 1.5m, the lengths of a power supply electrode AB and a measuring electrode MN are 1m, the device layout is shown in fig. 6, black dots are node positions of the invention, broken lines are projections of the outline of the low-resistance sphere on the ground surface, the measurement is assumed to be carried out along the X direction, and total 21 measuring lines (y= -10 m to y=10 m) are provided, and the interval coefficients are 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively.
The traditional direct current electric method measurement needs to work on 21 measuring lines respectively, and the apparent resistivity result under 5 interval coefficients can be measured only by continuously moving the electrode and changing the electrode distance on each measuring line. The invention can complete the same measurement work with less power supply times without moving any node, and can realize the tasks of quasi-three-dimensional measurement, long-term potential monitoring, wireless control, data transmission and the like which cannot be realized by the traditional direct current method, thereby reducing the manual workload and improving the working efficiency.
Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional space pseudo-depth apparent resistivity result under 5 interval coefficients, fig. 8 is a plane contour map of apparent resistivity when the interval coefficient is 1, fig. 9 shows a view resistivity curve of a main section (y=0 m) of a low-resistance sphere corresponding to different interval coefficients, and fig. 10 is a view resistivity section abnormal contour map corresponding to fig. 9. When the interval coefficient is smaller, the main section apparent resistivity curve has a minimum value above the sphere, two symmetrical maximum values slightly larger than 1 are arranged on two sides of the sphere, and as the interval coefficient is increased, the measuring depth of the dipole-dipole device is increased, the minimum value of the sphere top is continuously decreased and then increased, and two minimum values appear on two sides of the sphere to form downward double peaks. In this case, the detection effect is best when the interval coefficient is 3.
The present application also provides a distributed dipole-dipole electrical method monitoring system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the above method when executing the computer program. The distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring system can realize the embodiments of the distributed dipole-dipole electric method monitoring method and can achieve the same beneficial effects, and the description is omitted here.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A distributed dipole-dipole electrical method of monitoring, comprising:
arranging N distributed nodes, wherein each distributed node comprises a node main body, a first electrode and a second electrode which are arranged on two sides of the node main body, the node main body comprises a current source, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is determined according to the requirement of a monitoring task, and the working modes of the N distributed nodes comprise direct current resistivity method measurement and natural potential monitoring;
in a working mode of direct current resistivity measurement, controlling a first electrode and a second electrode of any one node in the N distributed nodes to serve as transmitting electrodes, measuring the first electrodes and the second electrodes of other nodes in the N distributed nodes to obtain potential differences, and calculating apparent resistivity according to the potential differences;
and in a natural potential monitoring working mode, controlling the first electrode and the second electrode in the N distributed nodes to serve as measuring electrodes for monitoring, and obtaining potential difference.
2. The distributed dipole-dipole electrical method as recited in claim 1, wherein said method further comprises:
calculating device coefficients according to the arrangement conditions of the N distributed nodes;
the determining the apparent resistivity from the measured potential difference comprises:
and calculating apparent resistivity according to the potential difference and the device coefficient.
3. The distributed dipole-dipole electric method according to claim 1, wherein the potential of said first electrode and the potential of said second electrode satisfy the following relationship:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,represents the potential of the first electrode, ">Represents the potential of the second electrode, ">Representing resistivity, +.>The power supply current is represented by the magnitude of a power supply current, A represents a first electrode of a power supply node, B represents a second electrode of the power supply node, M represents a first electrode of a measurement node, and N represents a second electrode of the measurement node;
the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode of the measurement node satisfies the following relation:
。
4. a distributed dipole-dipole electric method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said calculating apparent resistivity from said potential difference and said device coefficient satisfies the following relationship:
；
where K represents the device coefficient.
5. The distributed dipole-dipole electric method according to claim 4, wherein said deploying N distributed nodes comprises:
n distributed nodes are distributed on the same measuring line, or N distributed nodes are distributed on the measuring surface.
6. The method for monitoring distributed dipole-dipole electric method according to claim 5, wherein when N distributed nodes are arranged on the same measuring line, the device coefficients are calculated according to the arrangement condition of the N distributed nodes, and the following relation is satisfied:
。
7. the method for monitoring distributed dipole-dipole electric method according to claim 5, wherein when N distributed nodes are arranged on the measuring surface, said calculating device coefficients according to the arrangement condition of said N distributed nodes satisfies the following relation:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the number of intervals between the side line and the power supply line, < ->For the interval between each test line +.>N is the number of intervals between the emission node and the measurement node in the x-direction for the pole pitch between the first electrode and the second electrode.
8. A distributed dipole-dipole electrical monitoring system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed by the processor.
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