CN117606009A - Automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of supercritical once-through boiler - Google Patents

Automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of supercritical once-through boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117606009A
CN117606009A CN202311566461.0A CN202311566461A CN117606009A CN 117606009 A CN117606009 A CN 117606009A CN 202311566461 A CN202311566461 A CN 202311566461A CN 117606009 A CN117606009 A CN 117606009A
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China
Prior art keywords
water supply
water
liquid level
boiler
storage tank
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CN202311566461.0A
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陶海林
李开兰
李振胜
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Datang Huayin Youxian Energy Co ltd
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Datang Huayin Youxian Energy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311566461.0A priority Critical patent/CN117606009A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D5/00Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
    • F22D5/26Automatic feed-control systems
    • F22D5/32Automatic feed-control systems influencing the speed or delivery pressure of the feed pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D5/00Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
    • F22D5/26Automatic feed-control systems
    • F22D5/34Applications of valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

An automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of a supercritical once-through boiler comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a liquid level feedback loop of a water storage tank; s2, designing parameters of a PID controller: according to specific system requirements and performance indexes, the proportional gain, the integral time and the differential time of the PID controller are designed and adjusted; s3: monitoring the feed water flow; s4: adjusting the rotation speed of a water supply pump; s5: monitoring the opening degree of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and adjusting boiler combustion; s6: closed-loop liquid level adjustment of the water storage tank; s7: changing the feed water set point closed loop adjustment: the actual water supply is adjusted by changing the water supply set point. By adopting the automatic control strategy for water supply under deep peak regulation, the water supply main and bypass can be directly switched from dry water supply to wet water supply without switching. The furnace water circulating pump is started to enter a wet water supply state, and the rotating speed of the water circulating pump is regulated through the original running water supply pump to control the water supply quantity.

Description

Automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of supercritical once-through boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep peak shaving of thermal power generating units, in particular to an automatic control method for water supply under deep peak shaving of a supercritical once-through boiler.
Background
Along with the adjustment of the energy structure in China, the thermal power generation is gradually changed from the past main power energy to the basic energy, and the renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like are taken as the main bodies of energy increment, so that the installed capacity is rapidly increased. By 2019, the renewable energy power generation installation in China reaches 7.94 hundred million kW, the same ratio increases by 9%, the installed capacity is about 39.5% of the total installed capacity of the electric power, the same ratio increases by 1.1% of the installed capacity, the renewable energy power generation amount is 27.9% of the total power generation amount, and the same ratio increases by 1.2% of the installed capacity. The depth peaking frequency is greatly increased. The water supply control of the unit needs to realize automatic control so as to realize that the unit can operate in a coordinated mode under deep peak shaving.
The once-through boiler water supply control system takes the outlet temperature or enthalpy value of the steam-water separator as the regulated quantity, controls the water supply quantity to keep the proper proportion of the fuel quantity and the water supply quantity, and meets the requirement of the water supply quantity under different loads of the unit. Meanwhile, the water supply control is used as the pre-adjustment of the temperature of the main steam and participates in the temperature control of the main steam. The once-through boiler is different from the drum boiler in that the once-through boiler has a complete steam-water circulation system, and when the once-through boiler operates under low load, the once-through boiler needs to ensure that the water cooling wall has enough heat exchange capacity, so that the once-through boiler water supply system is designed to have minimum water supply flow, and the minimum water supply flow is generally about 30% of rated water supply flow. The water supply flow rate and the main steam flow rate cannot be completely the same under low load, the steam-water separator has the function of separating the non-evaporated water, and the water is returned to the outlet of the economizer for recovery through the water storage tank or is discharged to the drainage expansion tank or the condenser for recovery through the water storage tank liquid level regulating valve, and the working condition is that the boiler runs in a wet state. With the continuous increase of the combustion rate, the feed water is completely heated and evaporated in the water-cooled wall, and the separator is completely dry steam, and the working condition is that the boiler runs in a dry state, as shown in fig. 1.
The lower limit of the steady-state operation load of the existing unit at the beginning of design is generally 50% of rated load, and the automatic control does not relate to the range below 50% of rated load. The control strategy of the automatic dry state of water supply can not meet the automatic requirement of wet state water supply. The method is characterized in that the operation of the original boiler in a wet state automatically only considers the short-time process of unit start, the adopted strategy is that the feed water flow is automatically controlled by adopting a feed water bypass regulating valve, the liquid level of a water storage tank is automatically controlled by the water storage tank liquid level regulating valve, when the water quality of the boiler in the initial stage of start is poor, high-temperature water in the water storage tank is directly discharged to a drainage expansion tank, and when the water quality is qualified, the high-temperature water is discharged to a condenser for recovery, so that a large amount of heated water is discharged during the wet state operation of the boiler. This approach can seriously impact the economics of the unit if the unit is operated at deep peak shaving for a long period of time.
Therefore, we design a method for automatically controlling the water supply under the deep peak regulation of the supercritical once-through boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of a supercritical once-through boiler, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of a supercritical once-through boiler comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a liquid level feedback loop of a water storage tank;
s2, designing parameters of a PID controller: according to specific system requirements and performance indexes, the proportional gain, the integral time and the differential time of the PID controller are designed and adjusted; the choice of these parameters will affect the stability and response speed of the system.
S3: monitoring the feed water flow;
s4: adjusting the rotation speed of a water supply pump: the running rotation speed of the water supply pump is changed to control the water supply quantity, and the PID controller adjusts the rotation speed of the water supply pump according to the difference between the actual liquid level and the set value;
s5: monitoring the opening degree of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and adjusting boiler combustion;
s6: closed-loop liquid level adjustment of the water storage tank;
s7: changing the feed water set point closed loop adjustment: the actual water supply is adjusted by changing the water supply set point. This may be achieved by modifying the target value in the control system.
Preferably, the step S1 is specifically to install a liquid level measuring instrument in the water storage tank, obtain a feedback value of the actual liquid level through the liquid level measuring instrument, and compare the feedback value with a set value, so as to realize closed-loop control of the liquid level of the water storage tank.
Preferably, the step S5 is to install corresponding sensors, monitor the opening of the outlet regulating valve of the boiler water circulating pump and the change of the boiler combustion adjustment, and these changes will cause fluctuation to the water level of the water storage tank, and the water supply amount needs to be regulated.
Preferably, the step S3 is specifically to install a flowmeter for monitoring the flow value of the actual feedwater, and the flow value is used as a feedback signal for adjusting the running rotation speed of the feedwater pump.
Preferably, the step S6 is specifically that the pid controller outputs a signal for adjusting the water supply amount according to the difference between the feedback value and the set value of the liquid level, and the signal controls the water supply amount through an actuator, i.e. the water supply pump, so as to correct the liquid level of the water storage tank.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the automatic control strategy for water supply under deep peak regulation, the water supply main and bypass can be directly switched from dry water supply to wet water supply without switching. The furnace water circulating pump is started to enter a wet water supply state, and the rotating speed of the water circulating pump is regulated through the original running water supply pump to control the water supply quantity. In the operation process, the change of the opening of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and the combustion regulation of a boiler can cause the fluctuation of the liquid level of the water storage tank, the water supply quantity is output and regulated through the closed-loop regulation of the liquid level of the water storage tank, the actual water supply quantity is changed through changing the water supply set value, and the liquid level of the water storage tank is continuously corrected, so that the liquid level of the water storage tank is stabilized at the set value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of once-through boiler feed water;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic control strategy for wet feed water under deep peak shaving.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
An automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of a supercritical once-through boiler comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a liquid level feedback loop of a water storage tank; the method specifically comprises the steps of installing a liquid level measuring instrument outside a water storage tank, acquiring a feedback value of an actual liquid level through the liquid level measuring instrument, and comparing the feedback value with a set value to realize closed-loop control of the liquid level of the water storage tank, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: a level gauge, such as a differential pressure type level gauge, is installed outside the water storage tank. And obtaining a feedback value of the actual liquid level through the instrument. Assuming that the actual liquid level of the water storage tank is h_actual, the set value is h_set, and the output of the liquid level controller is u. Closed loop control may be implemented using a Proportional Integral (PI) control algorithm: u=kp (h_set-h_actual) +ki+_dt (h_set-h_actual).
The technical effects are as follows: and the closed-loop control of the liquid level of the water storage tank is realized by comparing the liquid level with a set value. When the actual liquid level deviates from the set value, the control system sends out a signal to adjust the water feeding amount so that the liquid level is stabilized near the set value.
S2, designing parameters of a PID controller: according to specific system requirements and performance indexes, the proportional gain, the integral time and the differential time of the PID controller are designed and adjusted; the choice of these parameters will affect the stability and response speed of the system. Embodiments are described below: according to specific system requirements and performance indexes, the proportional gain, the integration time and the differential time of the PID controller are designed and adjusted according to experience or a debugging method. The output of the PID controller is u, the set value is sp, and the actual value is pv. The formula of the PID controller is as follows:
u(t)=Kp*e(t)+Ki*∫e(t)dt+Kd*de(t)/dt
where e (t) =sp-pv, kp, ki, kd are proportional, integral and differential gains, respectively.
The technical effects are as follows: the PID controller can control and output according to the difference between the actual liquid level and the set value, and the requirements of the stability and the response speed of the system can be realized by reasonably adjusting the proportional gain, the integral time and the differential time.
S3: monitoring the feed water flow; in particular, a flowmeter meter is installed for monitoring the flow value of the actual feedwater, which will be used as a feedback signal for adjusting the operating speed of the feedwater pump, according to the embodiments: a flowmeter meter, such as a long neck nozzle or an orifice plate flowmeter, is installed for monitoring the flow value of the actual feedwater. Let the output of the flow sensor be f_actual, the set point be f_set, and the output of the flow controller be u. The PI control algorithm may be used to adjust the speed of the feedwater pump:
u=Kp*(F_set-F_actua l)+Ki*∫(F_set-F_actua l)d。
the technical effects are as follows: the feed water flow is used as a feedback signal for controlling the adjustment of the feed water amount in the system. By monitoring the water supply flow in real time, the system can adjust the running rotation speed of the water supply pump according to the needs, so as to realize the accurate control of the water supply quantity.
S4: adjusting the rotation speed of a water supply pump: the running rotation speed of the water supply pump is changed to control the water supply quantity, and the PID controller adjusts the rotation speed of the water supply pump according to the difference between the actual liquid level and the set value; embodiments are described below: the water supply quantity is controlled by changing the running rotating speed of the water supply pump. The PID controller will adjust the rotational speed of the feed pump based on the difference between the actual liquid level and the set point. Assuming the feed pump speed is N, a proportional control algorithm may be used to adjust the feed pump speed based on the output u of the flow controller:
N=N_base+Kp*u
wherein N_base is the basic rotation speed of the water supply pump
The technical effects are as follows: the difference between the actual liquid level and the set value is responded in time by adjusting the rotating speed of the water feeding pump, and the liquid level is kept to fluctuate near the set value. According to the regulation of the PID controller, the control system can quickly and accurately adjust the water supply quantity, and the stable control of the liquid level is realized.
S5: monitoring the opening degree of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and adjusting boiler combustion; the method is characterized by comprising the steps of installing corresponding sensors, monitoring the opening of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and the change of boiler combustion adjustment, wherein the change can cause fluctuation on the liquid level of a water storage tank, and correcting the water supply amount through regulation. Embodiments are described below: corresponding sensors, such as a valve position sensor and a burner adjustment parameter sensor, are arranged for monitoring the opening degree of an outlet adjustment valve of the boiler water circulation pump and the change of the boiler combustion adjustment.
The technical effects are as follows: the varying valve opening and combustion adjustments may cause fluctuations in the water storage tank level. By monitoring these changes and correcting for by adjusting the amount of water fed, the stability of the liquid level can be maintained.
S6: closed-loop liquid level adjustment of the water storage tank; specifically, the PID controller outputs a signal for adjusting the water supply amount according to the difference between the liquid level feedback value and the set value, and the signal controls the water supply amount through an actuating mechanism, namely the water supply pump, so as to correct the liquid level of the water storage tank. Embodiments are described below: the PID controller will output a signal to adjust the amount of water fed based on the difference between the level feedback value and the set point. The signal controls the water feeding amount through the actuating mechanism, namely the water feeding pump, so as to realize the correction of the liquid level of the water storage tank. Assuming that the output of the liquid level controller is u and the flow coefficient of the water supply pump is alpha, a proportional control algorithm can be used to control the water supply amount:
Q=α*(Q_base+Kp*u)
wherein Q is the water supply quantity, and Q_base is the basic flow of the water supply pump.
The technical effects are as follows: through the feedback loop of the liquid level, the system can adjust according to the difference between the actual liquid level and the set value so as to ensure that the liquid level is stabilized near the set value.
S7: changing the feed water set point closed loop adjustment: the actual water supply is adjusted by changing the water supply set point. This may be achieved by modifying the target value in the control system. Embodiments are described below: the actual water supply is adjusted by changing the water supply set point, i.e. the target value in the control system.
The technical effects are as follows: by changing the water supply set point, the system can respond to the actual application requirement and adjust the actual water supply. In actual operation, the set value needs to be adjusted in time according to actual conditions so as to achieve a more stable control effect.
Referring to fig. 2, the feedback value of the liquid level of the water storage tank is the actual liquid level in the water storage tank measured by a liquid level measuring instrument in the field, a PID controller (proportional-integral-derivative controller) is a common feedback loop component in industrial control application, and is composed of a proportional unit P, an integral unit I and a derivative unit D, the measured value of the water supply is the measured flow value of the water supply, an actuator is a water supply pump for adjusting the water supply quantity, and the water supply quantity is controlled by adjusting the running rotation speed of the water supply pump.
By adopting the automatic control strategy for water supply under deep peak regulation, the water supply main and bypass can be directly switched from dry water supply to wet water supply without switching. The furnace water circulating pump is started to enter a wet water supply state, and the rotating speed of the water circulating pump is regulated through the original running water supply pump to control the water supply quantity. In the operation process, the change of the opening of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and the combustion regulation of a boiler can cause the fluctuation of the liquid level of the water storage tank, the water supply quantity is output and regulated through the closed-loop regulation of the liquid level of the water storage tank, the actual water supply quantity is changed through changing the water supply set value, and the liquid level of the water storage tank is continuously corrected, so that the liquid level of the water storage tank is stabilized at the set value.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. An automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of a supercritical once-through boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a liquid level feedback loop of a water storage tank;
s2, designing parameters of a PID controller: according to specific system requirements and performance indexes, the proportional gain, the integral time and the differential time of the PID controller are designed and adjusted;
s3: monitoring the feed water flow;
s4: adjusting the rotation speed of a water supply pump: the running rotation speed of the water supply pump is changed to control the water supply quantity, and the PID controller adjusts the rotation speed of the water supply pump according to the difference between the actual liquid level and the set value;
s5: monitoring the opening degree of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and adjusting boiler combustion;
s6: closed-loop liquid level adjustment of the water storage tank;
s7: changing the feed water set point closed loop adjustment: the actual water supply is adjusted by changing the water supply set point.
2. The automatic control method for the deep peak shaving lower feed water of the supercritical once-through boiler according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S1 is specifically to install a liquid level measuring instrument in the water storage tank, obtain a feedback value of the actual liquid level through the liquid level measuring instrument, and compare the feedback value with a set value so as to realize closed-loop control of the liquid level of the water storage tank.
3. The automatic control method for the deep peak shaving lower feed water of the supercritical once-through boiler according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s5 is to install corresponding sensors, monitor the opening of an outlet regulating valve of a boiler water circulating pump and the change of boiler combustion adjustment, and the change can cause fluctuation on the liquid level of the water storage tank and needs to be corrected by regulating the water supply amount.
4. The automatic control method for the deep peak shaving lower feed water of the supercritical once-through boiler according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S3 is specifically a flowmeter instrument which is used for monitoring the flow value of the actual feedwater, and the flow value is used as a feedback signal for adjusting the running rotating speed of the feedwater pump.
5. The automatic control method for the deep peak shaving lower feed water of the supercritical once-through boiler according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S6 is specifically that the PID controller outputs a signal for adjusting the water supply quantity according to the difference between the liquid level feedback value and the set value, and the signal controls the water supply quantity through an actuating mechanism, namely a water supply pump, so as to correct the liquid level of the water storage tank.
CN202311566461.0A 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of supercritical once-through boiler Pending CN117606009A (en)

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CN202311566461.0A CN117606009A (en) 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of supercritical once-through boiler

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311566461.0A CN117606009A (en) 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Automatic control method for water supply under deep peak regulation of supercritical once-through boiler

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CN117606009A true CN117606009A (en) 2024-02-27

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